Laser Beam in Our lifeLaser Beam in Our lifeUses and ApplicationsUses and Applications

AYED BINZOWAIMILAYED BINZOWAIMIL

Department of PhysicsWestern Illinois University

OutlineOutline

1.1. IntroductionIntroduction2.2. Laser in Science & IndustryLaser in Science & Industry3.3. Laser in TelecommunicationLaser in Telecommunication4.4. Laser in Medical treatmentLaser in Medical treatment5.5. ConclusionConclusion

• Laser beam is a powerful, narrow, monochromatic and directional beam of electromagnetic radiation.

• Laser beams are within the visible spectrum of light.

• A laser device excites the atoms in a lasing medium.

• The electrons of these atoms move to a higher orbit, then release photons, creating a laser beam.

Introduction

Laser in Science & Industry

Lasers are used in Science and industry in a huge variety of applications. These

applications are uncountable.

Laser in Science & Industry

•Astronomy, Geography, and Surveying•Measuring Distances with Lasers •Drilling and Burning Holes with Light •Welding and Cutting with Lasers •Fighting Crime with Lasers

CD Players

•The detection of the binary data stored on the compact disc.

•It is done with the use of a semiconductor laser.•Diameter of about 0.8 mm at the bottom of the

disc.•1.7 micrometers passes through the clear

plastic to strike the reflective layer. •The reflected laser will be detected by a

photodiode.

CD

DVD

Blu-Ray

Structure of CD

length = 5 km . total number of pits more than 2 Billion .

width of each pit = 0.6 mm .length of each pit = 0.83 to 3.05 mm .depth of each pit = 0.11 mm .distance between adjacent tracks = 1.6 mm .

density of tracks = 16,000 TPI The wavelength of the Diode laser reading the CD =

780 nm .The spot size of the beam on the reflecting surface

of the CD = 1 mm .

Bar code Reader

•Bar code is used for identifying specific items in many applications such as:

•Inventory items in a storage, market, etc.•Identifying workers in registering time

present .•Quality control in assembly lines. •Reading a bar code optically is much

faster than using a keyboard and pressing a large number of times for all the numbers of the identification code.

Laser in Medical Field

Lasers in the Medical Field have found the most beneficial and useful applications in the

field of medicine

Laser has established

A Revolution in medicine Field

Eye Treatment

• Ruby laser was invented in 1960 and in 1961, it was used by eye doctors.

• It is natural that the eye was chosen to be the first organ for performing medical experiments.

• Since the eye is transparent to the electromagnetic spectrum in the visible range.

• Another natural device that helps was the lens in the eye, which focuses the electromagnetic radiation onto the retina.

Eye Treatment

• Excimer laser commonly used in eye surgery and semiconductor manufacturing.

• Use this laser under computer control to change in the shape of the cornea.

• Removing sub micron layers from the cornea.

• Most of the problems with focusing the image on the retina can be repaired.

Cosmetic Treatment

Laser technology is being used for huge

number of cosmetic treatments.

•Skin Treatment

•Hair Removal

•Dentistry

Skin Treatment

• Most skin pigmentation is superficial and can be treated with the use of lasers to reduce its appearance.

• The methods that can be used to treat skin pigmentation will be in direct relation to its cause and severity.

generally shorter-wave-length systemsQ-switched 532nm Nd:YAG laser

recur frequently

Freckles

Hair Removal

• Ruby, alexandrite, diode, 1064nm YAG, IPL• Ruby (skin types fair to medium light)• Diode 810nm can treat darker skinned

patients (medium light to medium dark)• 1064 nm YAG safest for skin types medium

dark to deep. • IPL appears equally as effective in skin types

medium dark to deep.• IPL can be used in all skin types.

Laser Use in Dentistry

• Tooth decay: Lasers are used to remove decay within a tooth and prepare the surrounding enamel for receipt of the filling.

• Lasers are also used to "cure" or harden a filling.

• Gum disease: Lasers are used to reshape gums and remove bacteria during root canal procedures.

Laser Use in Dentistry

• Biopsy or lesion removal: Lasers can be used to remove a small piece of tissue.

• Laser are also used to remove lesions in the mouth and relieve the pain of canker sores.

• Teeth whitening: Lasers are used to speed up the in-office teeth whitening procedures.

• A peroxide bleaching solution, applied to the tooth surface, is "activated" by laser energy, which speeds up of the whitening process.

Conclusion

In this period of time the technology has changed human life drastically. Some of the important inventions made by physicists that have changed our life are LASER, Optical fibers, X-rays.

Lasers and optical fibers have dramatically increased the capacity of the international telephone system. The new communication technology has fueled the exponential growth of the Internet.

The LASER is used in the product development ( CD player, bar code scanner), medical field, industry, defense, research, cosmetic skin treatments and dentistry.

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