laser beam machining by himanshu vaid
TRANSCRIPT
MEWAR UNIVERSITY
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Contents Laser Beam Machining Laser Type of Laser Laser Application Parameters Affecting LBM Advantage Disadvantage
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What is Laser LASER is the acronym for Light Amplified
Stimulated Emission of Radiation Laser is a device which generates or
amplifies light Stimulated emission of electromagnetic
radiation Coherent, monochromatic, directional and
high power laser beam is used
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Elements of Laser Lasing Medium (Gas, liquid, solid) Pumping process Optical feedback element
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Laser Beam Machining
Used light energy from a laser to remove material by vaporization and ablation
Energy is concentrated optically
Laser emits either continuous or pulsed light beam
Source: Google Images
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Effect of Laser Beam on Material
Source: Internet
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Gas Laser Electric current is discharged through a gas to produce a
coherent light Operate on the principle of converting electric energy
into laser light output Gas acts as pumping medium to attain the necessary
population inversion Common gas laser are CO2 Gas Laser, He-Ne Gas Laser
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Solid State Laser Constructed by doping a rare earth element into a
variety of host materials Pumped optically by arc lamps or flash lamps Respond well to Q-switching Ruby or Nd:YAG is the most common host material
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Ruby Laser
Source: HowStuffWorks
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Excimer Laser
Uses a combination of an inert gas and reactive gas
Excimer is form of Ultraviolet Chemical Laser
Excimer is short for ‘excited dimer’
Source: Google Images
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Dye & Semiconductor Laser Dye Laser
use complex organic dyes, such as rhodamine 6G
Semiconductor Laser sometimes called diode lasers very small and use low power.
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Operation: Laser Cutting
Cutting starts by drilling a hole by moving beam
Cutting speed depends on material and thickness
Both pulsed and continuous laser is used
Thickness ranges from 0.5-1 inch Used for cutting complex geometry
and for clean cutting operationSource: sciencedirect.com
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Laser Welding For welding ceramics and dissimilar materials like steel
and aluminum Produces maximum penetration and minimum distortion
in materials Beam can be easily shaped, focused and directed Application
Razor Blade Electronic Circuit
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Laser Cladding
Used to improve surface quality by applying a corrosion resistant layer on product
Laser Beam is used to create a shallow melt pool
Metal powder is supply using an inert gas flow
Application Chemical industry Mining and marine application Source: Wikipedia
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Laser Application
Heavy Manufacturing
Seam & spot welding
Cladding & drilling
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Advantages
Non Contact No solvent chemical Selective material removal Flexibility Fully automated
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Disadvantages Requires specially trained operators Not for mass metal removal processes Requires greater control of joint tolerances Expensive equipment Consumes much energy
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