late medieval & gothic art

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Late Medieval & Gothic Art

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Page 1: Late Medieval & Gothic Art

Late Medieval & Gothic Art

Page 2: Late Medieval & Gothic Art

Gothic Era1150/1400

about 250 years

Page 3: Late Medieval & Gothic Art

Pope Innocent III, On the Misery of the Human Condition, c. 1200

Man is conceived of blood made rotten by the heat of lust; and in the end worms, like mourners, stand about his corpse. In life he produced lice and tapeworms; in death he will produce worms and flies. In life he produced dung and vomit; in death he produces rottenness and stench. In life he fattened one man; in death he fattens a multitude of worms.

Page 4: Late Medieval & Gothic Art

Dematerialization

Madonna and Child, ca. 1326Simone Martini (Italian [Siena], ca. 1284–1344)Tempera on panel; Overall: 23 1/8 x 15 1/2 in. (58.8 x 39.6 cm); Painted Surface: 22 1/2 x 15 1/8 in. (57.2 x 38.4 cm)

No bones about it

Image floats on gold background

(Byzantine influence lingers)

Page 5: Late Medieval & Gothic Art

Martini Madonna detail

not in text

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Notre Dame Cathedral

begun in 1163

not in text

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Notre Dame Cathedral

flying buttresses

c. 1175

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Chartres Cathedral buttresses

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Flying Buttress diagram

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Other Gothic innovations• pointed arch (instead of round arch)• ribbed vault (instead of dome)• stained glass windows

(see pp. 163-170)WHO CAME UP WITH THESE

IDEAS?

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THE ARCHITECT(S)? WHO WORKED FOR

SAY IT FIRST: SOO-zhayAbbot Suger (c.1085-

1151)The dull mind rises to truth through that which is material . . .

p. 163

How to justify this expense?

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Abbey Church of Saint Denis

ribbed vaulting

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Chartres Cathedral

VERTICALITY

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Chartres Cathedral detail

Proportion – heads to bodies?

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Chartres Cathedral

detail

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1150 - a Gothic date to remember

Gothic style architecture starts and is rapidly disseminated around 1150.

A much clearer start & style than Romanesque

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A hint of the Renaissance

in the air?

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Cimabue, Madonna

Enthroned, 1280-90

Similar to TEXTBOOK p. 183

NO PERSPECTIV

Eflat pictorial space similar to Ancient & Byzantine works

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detail

Page 20: Late Medieval & Gothic Art

ByzantineEnthroned Madonna and Child, 13th centurytempera on panel, 131.1 x 76.8 cm (51 5/8 x 30 1/4 in.)

Greek & Italian blend

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GIOTTOMadonna in Glory

c. 1311Tempera on panel128 x 90 1/2 in.

suggestions of PERSPECTIVE in a GOTHIC ERA work; PERSPECTIVE is a major development of the RENAISSANCE(key words in BOLD)

SEE TEXT! p. 184

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detail

SEE TEXT! p. 184

Shading gives volume

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Late Gothic/ Early Renaissance from 1305

BOLD

DIAGONAL

Giotto, Pieta(Lamentation)fresco

SEE TEXT! p. 185

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GIOTTOThe

Presentation of the Virgin

c. 1305Fresco.

Cappella dell'Arena,

Padua

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Duccio di Buoninsegna (c.1255 - c.1319) The Temptation of Christ on the Mountain, 1308-1311tempera on poplar panel 17 in. x 18 1/8 in.

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The Garden of Eden from the Très Riches Heures du Duc de Berry by the Limbourg Brothers, 1410s

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1/3 OF THE POPULATION OF EUROPE DEADcertainly raises

the going pay rate for labor!

stimulus for coming

Renaissance?

An urban phenomenon, but also particularly devastating to monks & nuns

PLAGUE – 1350s

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The Great Schism(s)• East/West churches split 1054• Western church, multiple Popes simultaneously, 1378-1417• General weakening of the authority of the Church in civil affairs

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SUMMARY – Late Medieval & Gothic

• ARCHITECTURE – arches get the point; buttresses fly & glass is stained – emphasis on

VERTICAL• ART – dematerialized human figures moving

towards realistic pictorial space • MUSIC – POLYPHONY; rhythmic notation; Ars Nova• IDEAS – life is bad, humans worse, God is great• EVENTS – plague, weakening of Church authority

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Anchor Dates1000 - Musical STAFF used for

- CHANT in the

- EARLY MEDIEVAL PERIOD in

- MONASTERIES1066 - BATTLE OF HASTINGS depicted in the

- BAYEUX TAPESTRY which we associate with

- FEUDALISM

1150 GOTHIC ARCHITECTURE

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Up to dates?Up to dates?480 BC

0

547

c.1000

c. 1150

Start of CLASSICAL GREEK PERIOD

Just after the start of the ROMAN EMPIRE; Caesar Augustus reigns

SAN VITALE; sort of end of Early Christian period

Guido describes the musical staff

Gothic architecture defined & disseminated

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Pope Innocent III, On the Misery of the Human Condition, c. 1200

(1) . . . man was formed of dust, slime, and ashes: what is even more vile, of the filthiest seed. He was conceived from the itch of the flesh, in the heat of passion and the stench of lust, and worse yet, with the stain of sin. He was born to toil, dread, and trouble; and more wretched still, was born only to die. He commits depraved acts by which he offends God, his neighbor, and himself; shameful acts by which he defiles his name, his person, and his conscience; and vain acts by which he ignores all things important, useful, and necessary. He will become fuel for those fires which are forever hot and burn forever bright; food for the worm which forever nibbles and digests; a mass of rottenness which will forever stink and reek.

Page 33: Late Medieval & Gothic Art

UP NEXT:RENAISSANCE!

Read Chapter 8

Page 34: Late Medieval & Gothic Art

Paolo and Giovanni Veneziano (active c.1333 - before 1362) (Workshop of)The Coronation of the Virgin, 1358tempera on poplar panel43 1/4 in. x 27 in.

zoomable

Page 35: Late Medieval & Gothic Art

CimabueThe Flagellation of Christ, c. 1280tempera on poplar panel9 3/4 in. x 7 7/8 in.