Latin GrammarThe Demonstratives:

hic, haec, hociste, ista, istudille, illa, illudis, ea, id

Demonstratives The verb dēmōnstrō in Latin means to point

out. Demonstratives are words that point,

like this or that in English.

this dog

that dog

Demonstratives In Latin, we have learned two

demonstratives so far:1. hic, haec, hoc (= this)2. ille, illa, illud (= that)

Demonstratives In English, this is used for things near

the first person; that is used for things near the second or third person.

This dog.That dog.

First Person Second Person

ThirdPerson

Latin Demonstratives and English Demonstratives So English has two demonstratives:

1. this for things near the first person2. that for things near the second person and

third person. Latin has THREE demonstratives that are

used like English this and that. hic, haec, hoc for things near the first person iste, ista, istud for things near the second

person ille, illa, illud for things near the third person.

iste, ista, istud

singular plural

iste ista istud istī istae ista

istum istam istud istōs istōs ista

istīus istīus istīus istōrum istārum istōrum

istī istī istī istīs istīs istīs

istō istā istō istīs istīs istīs

singular plural

ille illa illud illī illae illa

illum illam illud illōs illōs illa

illīus illīus illīus illōrum illārum illōrum

illī illī illī illīs illīs illīs

illō illā illō illīs illīs illīs

hic canis.iste canis.

First Person Second Person

ThirdPerson

ille canis.

Facts to Know hic, haec, hoc is the demonstrative of

the first person iste, ista, istud is the demonstrative of

the second person ille, illa, illud is the demonstrative of the

third person.

is, ea, id is, ea, id is another demonstrative.

singular plural

is ea id eī eae ea

eum eam id eōs eōs ea

eius eius eius eōrum eārum eōrum

eī eī eī eīs eīs eīs

eō eā eō eīs eīs eīs

is, ea, id is, ea, id is not used to point in space. It is used to point to things mentioned in

conversation. It translates in several ways:

this that he, she, it, they

herī in uiā canem uīdī.

eum canem ego quoque

uīdī.

is, ea, id Latin has first and second person pronouns,

singular and plural: ego, tū, nōs, uōs Oddly, it has no third person pronouns—no

he, she, it, and they. Instead, it uses is, ea, id.

is, ea, id John went to school yesterday. He arrived at 8

a.m.

herī in uiā canem uīdī.

eum ego quoque uīdī.

Facts to know Latin has no third person pronouns. Instead, it uses the demonstrative is, ea,

id

End