LAYING OUT AND LAYING OUT AND LAYOUT TOOLSLAYOUT TOOLS

OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES

FAMILIAR WITH DIFFERENT BASIC LAYOUT FAMILIAR WITH DIFFERENT BASIC LAYOUT TOOLS.TOOLS.

IT’S USES AND MAINTENANCE.IT’S USES AND MAINTENANCE.

INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION

LAYING OUT IS THE PROCESS OF CONSTRUCTINGLAYING OUT IS THE PROCESS OF CONSTRUCTING

GUIDELINES AND CENTERS BASED ON THE WORKING GUIDELINES AND CENTERS BASED ON THE WORKING DRAWINGS PRIOR TO MACHINING.DRAWINGS PRIOR TO MACHINING.

AN ACCURATE,SYSTEMATIC AND FULL SIZEAN ACCURATE,SYSTEMATIC AND FULL SIZE

REPRODUCTION OF LINES,CIRCLES,ARC AND OTHER REPRODUCTION OF LINES,CIRCLES,ARC AND OTHER CONSTRUCTIVE DETAILS FROM A DRAWING TO THE CONSTRUCTIVE DETAILS FROM A DRAWING TO THE MATERIAL TO BE MACHINED OR CUT.MATERIAL TO BE MACHINED OR CUT.

LAYOUT TOOLSLAYOUT TOOLSSTEEL RULE-ALTHOUGH CALLED A MEASURING STEEL RULE-ALTHOUGH CALLED A MEASURING INSTRUMENT,MAY ALSO BE CONSIDERED A INSTRUMENT,MAY ALSO BE CONSIDERED A LAYOUT TOOLS AS IT IS INDESPENSABLE IN LAYOUT TOOLS AS IT IS INDESPENSABLE IN LAYOUT WORK FOR TAKING MEASUREMENTS NOTLAYOUT WORK FOR TAKING MEASUREMENTS NOT

REQUIRING PRECISION. REQUIRING PRECISION.

STEEL RULE HOLDER-FOR HOLDING STEEL RULESSTEEL RULE HOLDER-FOR HOLDING STEEL RULES

IN UPRIGHT POSITION, USED IN TRANSFERRING IN UPRIGHT POSITION, USED IN TRANSFERRING MEASUREMENTS WITH SURFACE GAGES.MEASUREMENTS WITH SURFACE GAGES.

SURFACE GAGE-USED IN LAYOUT WORK FOR SURFACE GAGE-USED IN LAYOUT WORK FOR SCRIBING ON HORIZONTAL OR VERTICAL SCRIBING ON HORIZONTAL OR VERTICAL SURFACES.IT MAY BE ALSO USED FOR LEVELINGSURFACES.IT MAY BE ALSO USED FOR LEVELING

CASTINGS ON A MACHINE OR FOR INSPECTINGCASTINGS ON A MACHINE OR FOR INSPECTING

WORKS.WORKS.

SURFACE PLATE-A PRECISION TOOL MADE OF SURFACE PLATE-A PRECISION TOOL MADE OF CAST IRON OR GRANITE.IT’S TOP SURFACE ISCAST IRON OR GRANITE.IT’S TOP SURFACE IS

MACHINE AND SCRAPE FLAT.IT IS USED IN LAYOUTMACHINE AND SCRAPE FLAT.IT IS USED IN LAYOUT

AND INSPECTION WORK AS A BASE UPON WHICHAND INSPECTION WORK AS A BASE UPON WHICH

TO REST THE WORK AND THE TOOLS.TO REST THE WORK AND THE TOOLS.

V-BLOCKS-ARE PRECISION TOOLS WITH SURFACEV-BLOCKS-ARE PRECISION TOOLS WITH SURFACE

SCRAPED OR GROUND FLAT,SQUARE AND SCRAPED OR GROUND FLAT,SQUARE AND PARALLEL USE TO HOLD CYLINDRICAL WORKPARALLEL USE TO HOLD CYLINDRICAL WORK

PIECE DURING DRILLING OPERATION.PIECE DURING DRILLING OPERATION.

SCRIBERS-POINTED TOOLS,MADE OF HARD STEELSCRIBERS-POINTED TOOLS,MADE OF HARD STEEL

USED FOR DRAWING LINES ALONG STRAIGHT USED FOR DRAWING LINES ALONG STRAIGHT EDGES OR AROUND PATTERNS,OR SIMPLY FOREDGES OR AROUND PATTERNS,OR SIMPLY FOR

MARKING POINTS.MARKING POINTS.

DIVIDER-IS USED LIKE A COMPASS TO LAYOUTDIVIDER-IS USED LIKE A COMPASS TO LAYOUT

CIRCLES,ARC OR DISTANCES,SUCH AS IN SPACING CIRCLES,ARC OR DISTANCES,SUCH AS IN SPACING CENTERS OF HOLES TO BE DRILLEDCENTERS OF HOLES TO BE DRILLED

AND TO CONSTRUCT OTHER GEOMETICAL AND TO CONSTRUCT OTHER GEOMETICAL FIGURES.FIGURES.

HERMAPHRODITE CALIPER-THEY HAVE ONE LEG HERMAPHRODITE CALIPER-THEY HAVE ONE LEG

SIMILAR TO A LEG OF AN OUTSIDE CALIPER,AND SIMILAR TO A LEG OF AN OUTSIDE CALIPER,AND

THE OTHER OF THAT TO A DIVIDER.THE OTHER OF THAT TO A DIVIDER.

TRAMMELS-ARE VERSATILE LAYOUT TOOLS USEDTRAMMELS-ARE VERSATILE LAYOUT TOOLS USED

IN PLACE OF THE DIVIDER,HERMAPHRODITE IN PLACE OF THE DIVIDER,HERMAPHRODITE CALIPER,OUTSIDE CALIPER,AND INSIDE CALIPERCALIPER,OUTSIDE CALIPER,AND INSIDE CALIPER

WHEN THE DISTANCES TO BE LAID OUT ARE WHEN THE DISTANCES TO BE LAID OUT ARE BEYOND THE CAPACITY OF THESE TOOLS.BEYOND THE CAPACITY OF THESE TOOLS.

CENTER PUNCH-IS USED FOR MARKING CENTERSCENTER PUNCH-IS USED FOR MARKING CENTERS

OF A HOLE TO DRILLED.IT’S POINT IS GROUND TO ANOF A HOLE TO DRILLED.IT’S POINT IS GROUND TO AN

ANGLE OF 90 DEGREES.ANGLE OF 90 DEGREES.

PRICK PUNCH-SIMILAR TO A CENTER PUNCH,BUTPRICK PUNCH-SIMILAR TO A CENTER PUNCH,BUT

IT’S POINT IS MORE POINTED(30-60 DEGREES).IT ISIT’S POINT IS MORE POINTED(30-60 DEGREES).IT IS

USED FOR MARKING CENTERS OF CIRCLES OR USED FOR MARKING CENTERS OF CIRCLES OR FOR MAKING INDENTATIONS ON A CIRCLES ORFOR MAKING INDENTATIONS ON A CIRCLES OR

ALONG A LAYOUT LINE.ALONG A LAYOUT LINE.

COMBINATION SET-CONSIST OF THREE COMBINATION SET-CONSIST OF THREE COMBINATIONS MAKING IT A VERSATILE LAYOUTCOMBINATIONS MAKING IT A VERSATILE LAYOUT

TOOL.THE STEEL RULE, MAY BE USED WITH THE TOOL.THE STEEL RULE, MAY BE USED WITH THE CENTER HEAD,THE SQUARE HEAD,OR THE CENTER HEAD,THE SQUARE HEAD,OR THE

PROTRACTOR HEAD TO FORM THE FOLLOWINGPROTRACTOR HEAD TO FORM THE FOLLOWING COMBINATION:COMBINATION:

CENTER SQUARE-USED FOR LOCATING CENTERS

OF CYLINDRICAL OR SQUARE WORK PIECES.

COMBINATION SQUARE-MAY BE USED AS A TRYCOMBINATION SQUARE-MAY BE USED AS A TRY

SQUARE,AND AS A RULE AND HOLDER WHENSQUARE,AND AS A RULE AND HOLDER WHEN

TRANSFERRING HEIGHT MEASUREMENT.TRANSFERRING HEIGHT MEASUREMENT.

BEVEL PROTRACTOR-IS USED FOR LAYING OUTBEVEL PROTRACTOR-IS USED FOR LAYING OUT

OR FOR CHECKING ANGLES.OR FOR CHECKING ANGLES.

COMBINATION BEVEL AND MITER SQUARE-IS USEDCOMBINATION BEVEL AND MITER SQUARE-IS USED

FOR CHECKING,LAYING OUT,AND TRANSFERRINGFOR CHECKING,LAYING OUT,AND TRANSFERRING

ANGLES.ANGLES.

LAYOUT COLORING MATERIALSLAYOUT COLORING MATERIALS

CERTAIN MATERIAL USED TO COLOR THE CERTAIN MATERIAL USED TO COLOR THE SURFACES OF METALS TO MAKE THE LAYOUT SURFACES OF METALS TO MAKE THE LAYOUT LINES STAND CLEAR AND SHARP.LINES STAND CLEAR AND SHARP.

ORDINARY BLACKBOARD CHALK CAN BE RUBBEDORDINARY BLACKBOARD CHALK CAN BE RUBBED

OVER THE ROUGH SURFACE OF CAST IRON OR OVER THE ROUGH SURFACE OF CAST IRON OR OVER THE ROUGH END OF STEEL FOR DRAWINGOVER THE ROUGH END OF STEEL FOR DRAWING

LINES TO LOCATE CENTER.LINES TO LOCATE CENTER.

LAYOUT DYE-IS A COLORED INK -LIKE FLUID THATLAYOUT DYE-IS A COLORED INK -LIKE FLUID THAT

CAN BE SPREAD OVER THE METAL WITH A BRUSH.CAN BE SPREAD OVER THE METAL WITH A BRUSH.

IT DRIES QUICKLY AND LEAVES AN EVEN,BLUEIT DRIES QUICKLY AND LEAVES AN EVEN,BLUE

COLORED SURFACE.COLORED SURFACE.

BLUE VITRIOL-IS MADE BY MIXING 4 TO 5 OUNCESBLUE VITRIOL-IS MADE BY MIXING 4 TO 5 OUNCES

OF COPPER SULFATE IN A QUART OF WATER ANDOF COPPER SULFATE IN A QUART OF WATER AND

ADDING 4 TO 5 DROPS OF SULFURIC ACID.WHENADDING 4 TO 5 DROPS OF SULFURIC ACID.WHEN

THE SOLUTION IS APPLIED TO A METAL SURFACETHE SOLUTION IS APPLIED TO A METAL SURFACE

THE METAL TURNS INTO A COPPER COLOR.THE METAL TURNS INTO A COPPER COLOR.

GOOD LUCK….