lbne project status and potential collaborations

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The Long-Baseline Neutrino Experiment Project LBNE Project Status and potential collaborations 1 Jim Strait, Fermilab LBNE Project Director CERN - Fermilab Meeting 11 February 2014

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LBNE Project Status and potential collaborations. Jim Strait, Fermilab LBNE Project Director. CERN - Fermilab Meeting 11 February 2014. Importance of LBNE Science. The science of LBNE has been widely recognized to be a top priority. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: LBNE  Project Status and potential collaborations

1

The Long-Baseline Neutrino Experiment Project

LBNE ProjectStatus and potential collaborations

Jim Strait, FermilabLBNE Project Director

CERN - Fermilab Meeting11 February 2014

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CERN - Fermilab Meeting – 11 Feb 2014 2

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Importance of LBNE Science

The science of LBNE has been widely recognized to be a top priority.

The Long-Baseline Neutrino Experiment (LBNE) will measure the mass hierarchy and is uniquely positioned to determine whether leptons violate CP. Future multi-megawatt beams aimed at LBNE, such as those from Project X at Fermilab, would enable studies of CP violation in neutrino oscillations with conclusive accuracy. An underground LBNE detector would also permit the study of atmospheric neutrinos, proton decay, and precision measurement of any galactic supernova explosion. This represents a vibrant global program with the U.S. as host.

Report of the 2013 “Snowmass” Summer Study

The European Strategy for Particle Physics, Update 2013

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LBNE CD-1 Director's Review - 26-30 March 2012

Sample with bullet points

• First Bullet• Second Bullet

– More– Yet more– Still more

– Less important» Trivial

New Neutrino Beam at Fermilab…

And all the Conventional Facilities required to support the beam and detectors

Long Baseline Neutrino Experiment

…aimed at the Sanford Underground Research Facility (SURF)in Lead, South Dakota

35 kton Liquid Argon TPC Far Detectorat a depth of 4850 feet

LBNE-doc-7074

Precision Near Detector on the Fermilab site

Page 6: LBNE  Project Status and potential collaborations

MINERvA

MiniBooNE

735 km (on-axis)

MINOS (far)at 2340 ft level5 kton

MINOS (near)

operatingsince 2005350 kW (>400 kW)

Evolution of U.S. Neutrino Experiments

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MINERvA

MiniBooNE

735 km (on-axis)

MINOS (far)at 2340 ft level5 kton

MINOS (near)

operatingsince 2005350 kW (>400 kW)

Evolution of U.S. Neutrino Experiments

NOvA (far)Surface14 kton

under constructiononline 2014700 kW

MicroBooNEunder construction(LAr TPC)

NOvA(near)

810 km (off-axis)

Page 8: LBNE  Project Status and potential collaborations

MINERvA

MiniBooNE

735 km (on-axis)

MINOS (far)at 2340 ft level5 kton

MINOS (near)

operatingsince 2005350 kW (>400 kW)

Evolution of U.S. Neutrino Experiments

NOvA (far)Surface14 kton

under constructiononline 2014700 kW

MicroBooNEunder construction(LAr TPC)

NOvA(near)

810 km (off-axis)1300 km (on-axis)

New beamlineNear detector

LBNE Far detectorat 4850 ft level>10 kton 35 kton LAr TPC1.2 MW 2.3 MW proton beam

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CERN - Fermilab Meeting – 11 Feb 2014 9

LBNE Design Status

LBNE has a well-developed conceptual design for the full-project• Neutrino beam at Fermilab for 1.2 MW initial operation,

upgradeable to ≥ 2.3 MW.• Highly-capable near detector on the Fermilab site• 34 kt fiducial mass (50 kt total mass) LAr TPC far detector at

– A baseline of 1300 km– A depth of 4300 m.w.e. at the Sanford Underground

Research Facility (SURF) in Lead, South Dakota• This conceptual design was developed assuming this was a

purely U.S. DOE-funded project. It has been independently reviewed and found to be sound.

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International Partnership

• DOE has asked us to stage the construction of LBNE and has given us a budget of $867M for the first stage.

• They have also encouraged us to develop new partnerships to maximize the scope of the first stage.

• There is substantial international interest in LBNE, and we are proceeding to develop the design in an international context.

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CERN - Fermilab Meeting – 11 Feb 2014 11

NEAR DETECTOR

Tevatron

Antiproton Source

Main Injector

Kirk Rd

LBNE Beamline Design

The lattice design of the primary proton beam requires about 80 conventional magnets

Ready for beam in 2022/2023 (depending on funding)

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Target Hall/Decay Pipe Layout

Target Chase: 1.6 m/1.4 m wide, 24.3 m long

Decay Pipe concrete shielding (5.5 m)

Geomembrane barrier system to

keep groundwater out of decay region,

target chase and absorber hall

Baffle/Target Carrier

Considering a 250 m long, helium-filled Decay Pipe

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Neutrino Flux Spectrumat Far Detector in the Absence of Oscillations

2nd 1st Osc Max

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Beam Improvements Under Consideration

• Target/horn system can be replaced with more advanced designs as they become available.

• Decay pipe design must be fixed at the beginning.• First four improvements appear technically and financially

feasible. • The last two proposals regarding the decay pipe diameter and

length are still under study.

34% 31%

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Further Improvements: More Efficient Focusing

• LBNE began development of a horn optimized for low-energy flux, but has put it on hold due to budgetary limitations.

• The current plan uses the NuMI design, which is well optimized for the 1st , but not the 2nd oscillation max.

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Further Improvements: More Efficient Focusing

1st Horn: NuMI Design

1st Horn: LBNE Design

+ 30% at 2nd osc. Max… not fully optimized yet.

This is an excellent opportunity for new collaborators to significantly improve the capabilities of LBNE.

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Areas for Potential Collaboration

• Magnets– Dipoles (providing dipole coils or building the magnets as well)– Correctors

• Quadrupole magnet power supplies• Primary Beamline instrumentation (BLMs/TLMs, Profile monitors,

IPMs,…)• Target and Baffle support module• Target R&D – higher beam power or alternate materials• Support modules for the two horns• Upstream decay pipe window• Hadron Monitor (both R&D and building it)• Remote handling• Design and manufacturing of stainless steel cooling panels for the

target chase shield pile and additional steel for it

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Areas for Potential Collaboration

• Hadron absorber design and construction• Horn development for higher beam power and increased low-

energy neutrino flux• Corrosion studies for target chase, decay pipe and absorber• Radionuclide handling (Na22, H3, Ar41)• Radiation simulation verification – simulate known irradiations

at known facilities and compare with actual measurements• Hadron production studies that provide essential input for the

prediction of the neutrino flux• Beam simulations• ……

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Near Detector System

Near Detector System comprises two main elements:• Muon detector array just downstream of the absorber

– Precision measurements focused on the lowest-energy muons, which correlate with the relevant part of the neutrino spectrum.

– Potentially can provide absolute normalization for beam.• Near Neutrino Detector about 500 m from the target.

– High-precision, high-statistics measurements of neutrino interactions with the un-oscillated beam.

– Provide relative and absolute normalization of the initial neutrino flux of all four species: nm, n‾m, ne, n‾e

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Measurements of muons post-absorber

Cherenkov Detectors:measure all muons above a variable thresholdconstrains muon spectrum (correlated with En)

Michel Decay Detectors:measure muons that stop at a given depth in material constrains muon spectrum

Ionization Chambers:spill-by-spill beam profile

p+ m+ + nm

oEν=(0-0.43)Eπ

oEμ=Eπ-Eν=(0.57-1.0)Eπ

23CERN - Fermilab Meeting – 11 Feb 2014

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Prototype Muon Detectors in NuMI Beamline

Cherenkov Detector

Stopped Muon Detector

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Near Neutrino Detector

• Proposed by collaborators from the Indian institutions

• High precision straw-tube tracker with embedded high-pressure argon gas targets

• 4p electromagnetic calorimeter and muon identification systems

• Large-aperture dipole magnet• Philosophy

– make high-precision, high-statistics measurements of neutrino interactions with argon (far detector nucleus)

– measure inclusive and exclusive cross-sections to build and constrain models to predict the event signatures at the far site and correlate them with the true neutrino energy

– make detailed studies of electron (and muon) neutrinos and anti-neutrinos separately

25CERN - Fermilab Meeting – 11 Feb 2014

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GOAL: 34 kt fiducial massVolume: 18m x 23m x 51m x 2Total Liquid Argon Mass: ~50,000 tonnes

LBNE Liquid Argon TPC

Based on the ICARUS design

Far Detector

26CERN - Fermilab Meeting – 11 Feb 2014

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Cryogenic System

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35t Cryostat “Proof of Suitability”

Goals• Prove that ultra high purity operation is achievable with

membrane cryostats.• Verify that the non-evacuable design functions • Develop contracting and oversight models with industry

LAPD Purification Piping

LBNE 35 Ton Tank

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View Inside 35 t Crysotat

Cryogenic services under Plate B Purity Monitors

(Drift Chambers)

Membrane tank convolutions for shrinkage

Designed by the Japanese company IHI using LNG industry technology and built at FNAL using the IHI oversight and local labor (model foreseen for the final construction)

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Purity Achieved in 35 t Cryostat

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Next Step: Prototype TPC in 35 t Cryostat

~2m drift region

20 cm short drift region

Foam insulation

Concrete Photon Detectors (8 total) In 4 APAs

First APA plane being wound

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Full-Scale Prototype in LAGUNA-LBNO Cryostat

• We hope to be able to test full-scale LBNE drift cell(s) in the 8x8x8 m3 cryostat to be built at CERN as part of WA105.

• Additional benefits of LBNE-LBNO collaboration:– Learn both GTT and IHI

technology– Compare other

technology approaches, e.g. HV feedthroughs orpurification systems

– Compare response ofsingle- and dual-phaseTPCs to charged particletest beam

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Areas of Potential Collaboration

• Cryogenics and cryostat system– Refrigeration systems– Purification systems– Cryostat design and construction

• Detector system development and construction– Anode and cathode planes and field cage– Photon detectors– Calibration systems– Electronics and DAQ

• Detector prototype tests, together with LAGUNA-LBNO, as part of WA105

• Participation in ICARUS refurbishment and possible implementation of magnetic field as part of WA104.

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Towards an International LBNE

Based on the substantial interest by many groups in many countries to participate in and contribute to the construction of LBNE, we can start to sketch what a possible internationalized LBNE might look like.To develop a plan, we make a number of general assumptions:• Conventional facilities will be funded by mainly or entirely by the

DOE. Illinois and South Dakota have already invested in Fermilab and SURF, and may in the future contribute to the conventional facilities construction for LBNE.

• Construction of the beamline will be anchored by Fermilab/DOE, but with significant in-kind contributions from other partners.

• Contributions from non-US partners will be in-kind and will focus on the construction of the detectors, both near and far, including cryogenic infrastructure for the far detector.

• Funding from other domestic funding source(s) would concentrate on the detectors, to enabling scientific research beyond what the DOE-funded CD-1 configuration could provide.

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Scenarios for an International LBNE

We are focused on developing Scenario C

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Scenario C

DOE/HEP funding ($867M) would provide: • Much of the civil engineering for the beamline, near detector,

and for a 34 kt fiducial mass far detector at a depth of 4850 feet.• Some of the beamline technical systems.• Muon detectors to monitor the neutrino beam.• Partial funding for a 5 kt fiducial mass far detector module.• Modest partial funding for the near detector.If other domestic funding source(s) would provide:• The remaining funding for a 5 kt fiducial mass far detector module.• Modest partial funding for the near detector.And if state funding would provide:• Contribution to conventional facilities at Fermilab and/or SURFAnd if other countries provide:• Additional far detector module(s), ≥ 5 kt, including cryogenic

infrastructure• A high-performance near neutrino detector system.• Some beamline technical system(s).

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Schedule

• We have fully developed and reviewed CD-1-level schedules for LBNE, assumed to be fully funded by DOE.

• Detailed schedules involving non-DOE partners cannot be made yet. • However, an estimate can be made using information from the two

well developed schedules and the following assumptions:- International agreements sufficient to baseline the DOE-

funded project can be put in place in ~ 3 years.• - Technical planning can precede the finalization of the formal

agreements.- The DOE-funded project will proceed according to a funding

profile similar to the current guidance from DOE/HEP.- We have freedom to proceed with parts of the project that

are ready to go without waiting for others that may take longer.• Goal to complete LBNE construction and start operation no later than

2025 (consistent with CD-4 milestone in CD-1 plan)The sooner the

better

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Schedule for International LBNE

Design startOctober 2014

Input needed on detector requirements

As much as we canafford now

As much as we canafford now

Fill the rest of thecavern

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Summary and Conclusions

• The science of LBNE is a top priority for both the US and Europe.

• The LBNE Collaboration is growing rapidly, with many non-US groups joining.

• International partnership is necessary to develop and build a fully capable LBNE.

• There are many opportunities for new partners to significantly improve the design and the physics LBNE can do.

• CERN can play a crucial role in enabling this important program, and we look forward to a close collaboration.