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NHN VT THI 12 S QUN (1)

Th ba, 20 Thng 5 2014 13:43

Li xin li: Do s st khi a bi ny ln trang web ca tc, ti ly nhm bi vit cha c

chnh sa, do nay iu chnh li. Ti thnh tht xin li v xin thng cm b qua cho.

Bn 12 s qun vi vng ct c ca h

12 s qun l mt giai on c bit trong lch s Vit Nam, lc , vo bui suy vong ca

vng triu Ng xy ra vo cc nm 965 968, cc th ho mi ngi chim gi mt a phng

nht nh.

Tht ra, thi k ny manh nha t nm 944 khi Ng vng Quyn mt, em v l Dng Tam

Kha cp ngi t xng lm vua, th ho cc ni khng phc, nhng sau , nh Ng Xng

Vn cng Cnh Thc v Dng Ct Li trut ph Dng Tam Kha khi phc li vng triu

Ng, nn ch c mt vi ni khng thn phc nh inh B Lnh Hoa L (nm 951, hai vua Ng i

nh B Lnh), Chu Thi Thao Giang (khng r thi gian), v hai thn ng, Nguyn Thi

Bnh (nm 965, Nam Tn Vng i nh dp hai thn ng, Nguyn). Cho n khi Nam Tn

Vng Ng Xng Vn b trng tn c m cht (nm 965) th triu nh C Loa nh rn khng

u, ngay ti kinh , tham mu L X Bnh, th s chu Phong Kiu Tri Hu, th s chu V

Ninh Dng Huy v tng Cnh Thc tranh ginh quyn bnh, thi t Ng Xng X (con Thin

Sch Vng Ng Xng Ngp) t thy khng sc cnh tranh nn chy vo qu ngoi Thanh

Ha, t cc hng trng ua nhau ni dy chim c cc qun p t gi, hnh thnh nn tnh

trng gi l 12 s qun, gm:

1. Ng Xng X gi Bnh Kiu (x Hp L, Hp Tin, huyn Triu Sn, Thanh Ho ngy

nay).

2. Kiu Cng Hn xng l Kiu Tam Ch gi Phong Chu (Ph Th ngy nay).

3. Nguyn Khoan xng l Nguyn Thi Bnh gi Tam i (Vnh Tng, Vnh Ph ngy nay).

4. Ng Nht Khnh xng l Ng Lm Cng gi Cam Lm (Ba V, H Ty ngy nay).

5. Cnh Thc xng l Cnh Cng gi ng Giang (Thanh Oai, Quc Oai, H Ty

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ngy nay).

6. L Khu xng l L Lng Cng gi Siu Loi (huyn Thun Thnh, Bc Ninh ngy nay).

7. Nguyn Th Tip xng Nguyn Lnh Cng gi Tin Du (huyn Tin Sn, Bc Ninh ngy

nay).

8. L ng xng l L T Cng gi T Giang (huyn M Vn, Hng Yn ngy nay).

9. Nguyn Siu xng l Nguyn Hu Cng gi Ty Ph Lit (Thanh Tr, H Ni ngy nay).

10. Kiu Thun xng l Kiu Lnh Cng gi Hi H (Cm Kh, Ph Th ngy nay).

11 Phm Bch H xng l Phm Phng t gi ng Chu (Hng Yn ngy nay).

12. Trn Lm xng l Trn Minh Cng gi B Hi Khu (th x Thi Bnh ngy nay).

Trong cc s qun, c th phn tch:

-S qun l thn vng vng triu Ng: Ng Xng X, Ng Nht Khnh

-S qun l tng lnh vng triu Ng: Phm Bch H, Cnh Thc, Kiu Cng Hn,

Nguyn Khoan, Kiu Thun.

-S qun l th lnh a phng: Trn Lm, Nguyn Th Tip, L ng, Nguyn Siu, L

Khu ([1]).

S sch cho rng y l thi k lon lc ca lch s Vit Nam v cc s qun em binh chm

git ln nhau lm cho dn gian kh s. Nhng ngy nay, nhiu nh nghin cu li c kin khc,

c ngi cho rng cc s qun ni dy khng phi v l do tranh b vng m v l do kinh t; c

ngi cho cc din ct c di vng triu Ng bt u t nm 951 vi inh B Lnh Hoa L,

v ng-Nguyn Thi Bnh, lon 12 s qun thc s xy ra ton din t nm 965-967 sau khi

Nam Tn Vng cht; trong 12 s qun cng c s qun tham chin, cng c s qun t gi

Trong tnh hnh y, ni ln inh B Lnh.

Trc ht y l mt i qun mi nhm hp v ngay t bui u, i qun ny phi ng

u vi qun ca vng triu Ng Hoa L. S chp vo nm 951: By gi ngi ng Hoa L

l inh B Lnh cy ni khe him c, khng chu gi chc phn lm ti. Hai vng mun ct qun i

nh; B Lnh s, sai con l Lin vo triu lm con tin ngn chn vic xut qun. Lin n, hai

vng trch ti B Lnh khng n chu, ri bt gi Lin em theo i nh. Hn mt thng, khng

nh ni, bn treo Lin ln ngn so, sai ngi bo B Lnh, nu khng chu hng th git Lin. B

Lnh tc gin ni: "i trng phu ch mong lp c cng danh, h li bt chc thi n b xt

con hay sao?". Lin sai hn mi tay n nhm Lin m bn. Hai vng kinh s: "Ta treo con n ln

l mun n oi tic con m ra hng cho chng. N tn nhn nh th, cn treo con n lm g".

Bn khng git Lin m em qun v.

Sau thng li trong vic chng li qun i ca vng triu Ng, inh B Lnh lin kt vi Trn

Lm Ca B, do qun i ca inh B Lnh khng ch tng v qun s, lng thc, m c a

bn hot ng; c th bit cho n khi cc din 12 s qun bng n th i qun ca inh B Lnh

c b sung thm t nhiu ngun (theo thn ph cc ni) nh 3.000 trai trng do inh Lin

tuyn t chu i, 1.000 do Trn Cng Mn tuyn t Ngha Hng, hn 3.000 do Nguyn Bc chiu

m Ph Cc (V Bn), s lng tuy khng hon ton chnh xc nhng cho php hnh dung qun

s ca inh B Lnh khng phi l t.

Kt hp cc ngun ti liu t chnh s n thn tch, truyn thuyt cho ta bit inh B Lnh

tin hnh dp lon vi chin thut b a tng chic, p dng bin php nh dp bng qun s

kt hp vi lin kt v hng phc. i tng phi tin hnh nh dp bng qun s gm cc s

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qun Cnh Thc, Nguyn Siu, Kiu Cng Hn, Nguyn Th Tip, Kiu Thun, L Khu; lin kt

v hng phc gm cc s qun Trn Lm, Ng Nht Khnh, Ng Xng X, Phm Bch H; cn t

tan r l L ng v Nguyn Khoan. V inh B Lnh ton thng nn c tung h l Vn

thng vng. Nm 968, inh B Lnh ln ngi hong , t quc hiu l i C Vit, ng

Hoa L, xy cung in, t triu nghi, by ti dng tn hiu l i thng Minh hong .

Trong chin thng , c khng bit bao nhiu ngi ng gp cng sc, thm ch c xng

mu ca mnh. Nhng quc s th ghi chp rt t, ch nhng nhn vt tiu biu ca thi i, cn

phn ln nhng ngi v danh, mt phn th mt hn khng cn tin tc do lp bi thi gian, mt

phn cn lu li c qua nhng thn ph, thn tch, ngc ph ri rc trong cc n, nh, cha,

miu. Nhng nhn vt ny trc nay cng c tc gi cp n trong nhng bi vit ring l.

V mc ch ca bi vit ny l lm cng vic lc tm trong nhng ti liu ghi li, tp hp li

vic lm ca nhng bc tin nhn, d hu danh hay v danh .

Rt tic, thn ph, thn tch, ngc ph th rt nhiu m iu kin tip cn li rt hn ch, nn

bc u cng ch ghi li c hn 100 ngi, hy vng trong tng lai, nu pht hin c nhng

nhn vt khc th s b sung vo danh sch ny.

V lch s din ra cch nay qu lu, nn cc thn ph, thn tch, ngc ph khng khi c

phn lm vo cnh tam sao tht bn, nhng r rng nhn dn a phng c th t cc bc

tin nhn ny, l tiu ch quan trng nht a vo trong bi vit, khng phn bit l ngi ca

bn no. V v da vo thn ph, thn tch, ngc ph nn c th c nhng trng hp khng ph

hp vi gia ph dng h, y l trng hp ngoi mun ca ngi vit, xin cc dng h thng

cm m b qua cho.

Trong bi tp hp ny, ti s dng rt nhiu cc trang in t ca n v, ca c nhn v.v

m nu a vo phn ch thch th s rt di, i khi li khng cn thit i vi ngi c, nn ti

khng ghi vo y. Ti chn thnh cm n nhng tc gi, nhng trang in t m ti s dng

t liu tp hp nn bi vit ny.

01. Ng Tt An,Trn Vit Dng, Trn Xun Tin, Trn Th Thu, Lng Vn Hong, Phm

C

Sm nhn ra v tr c bit quan trng ca vng ca sng, ng bng duyn hi, inh B Lnh

kho lo kt hp lc lng ca vng Hoa L him yu vi vng duyn hi tr ph, li c mt ch

trng tch cc khai thc cc tim nng (nhn lc, vt lc, giao thng, qun s) ca vng t ny,

bin vng t h lu v ca bin sng Hng, sng y khi y tr thnh trung tm quy t sc

mnh ca ton b vng chu th. Chnh t y ng tin hnh cng cuc thng nht t nc.

Thn ph Nhu Kh cn ghi li vng M Lc, ti x Tam c Trn Vit Dng, x Nhu Kh

c Nguyn c Long, Nguyn c Hc, x Nng L c Trn Xun Tin, Trn Th Thu, x Bnh Gi

c Lng Vn Hong, Ng Tt An tham gia i qun ca inh B Lnh. Anh em c Long, c

Hc cng 30 ngi thuc 5 h: Nguyn, Trn, Hong, Bi, Mai lc u theo v vi Trn Lm nhng

n khi inh B Lnh nm gi binh quyn, li ht lng t nguyn ph t ng. Nh c cng thu phc

c s qun Phm Bch H v nh dp s qun Cnh Thc m c Long c phong lm

Hng trn tam k giang chu tng qun, c Hc c phong l Nhu Kh mc trung du tit

tng qun.... Dn lng Nhu Kh dng sinh t th Trn Lm v hai ng c Long, c Hc.

Trong n th, v hiu ca Trn Lm c t trn v di l v hiu ca hai ng. Khi cc ng mt,

dn lng sa n tc tng v thng xuyn hng khi.

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Phm C, ngi tp hp c hng trm ngi lng n theo inh B Lnh dp lon, sau

c phong lm Huyn don huyn Thin Bn (V Bn). Mt b m ngi lng Lin Xng x

Hin Khnh sinh h c bn ngi con trai th gi c bn con ph vua inh dp lon. Bn

ngi con ca b sau ny u c th ti bn nh ng- Ty- Nam- Bc ca lng.

02.Nguyn Bc

Nguyn Bc (927- 979); ngi ng Hoa L, chu i Hong (nay l ng Hoa L, x Gia

Hng, huyn Gia Vin, tnh Ninh Bnh); l cng thn khai quc nh inh, c cng gip inh Tin

Hong nh dp, chm dt lon 12 s qunvo th k 10 trong lch s Vit Nam. Cha ng l

Nguyn Phc (hoc Thc), gia tng ca Dng nh Ngh. Thu nh, ng chn tru tp trn

c lau ng Hoa L, kt ngha o vin vi inh B Lnh v inh in, cng ln ln bn dng

sng qu hng i Hong (Gia Vin, Ninh Bnh).

Ln ln, gp tnh trng ct c ca 12 s qun, ng theo inh B Lnh cng ph s qun Trn

Lm vng B Hi Khu (nay thuc tnh Thi Bnh), Nguyn Bc ng gp nhiu cng lao trong

vic nh dp cc s qun, gip thng nht ton quc di tay vua inh.

Nm Mu thn 968, inh B Lnh ln ngi Hong , t quc hiu l i C Vit, ng

Hoa L, nh cp bc v phong chc tc cho cc quan vn v, ng c phong tc nh Quc

Cng, xp hng u cc cng thn.

Thng 8 nm K mo 979, inh Tin Hong v inh Lin b Thch st hi. ng cng nh

thn tn V Vng inh Ton, lc mi 6 tui, ln ngi.

Sau L Hon t xng l Ph Vng. Hay tin, ng cng inh in (lc by gi ang ng

qun Chu i, Thanh Ho) v Phm Hp em binh v triu hi ti L Hon. L Hon bn c i

binh chn nh, inh in t trn, ng b bt em v Hoa L v b hi vo ngy 15/10 nm K mo

979, th 56 tui.

ng c xem l Thy t ca dng h Nguyn Phc.

Hai ngi anh ca ng lNguyn B v Nguyn Phc, cng theo inh B Lnh, v cng t

trn nm 967 khi giao tranh vi s qun Nguyn Siu.

Con trng ng l Nguyn ,di triu vua L Long nh, gi chc Hu Thn v in tin

Ch huy s (L Cng Un gi chc T Thn v in tin Ch huy s). Khi L Long nh

mt (nm K du 1009), Nguyn cng o Cam Mc v qun thn tn L Cng Un ln lm vua

lp nn triu i nh L, do lp c nhiu cng trng nn c phong l Hiu kim, tc hu.

Lng ng thn Vnh Ninh, lng i Hu (Gia Vin, Ninh Bnh), lng c trng tu ln mi nht

vo nm k t 1989.

ng c th nhiu ni:

-T ng Nguyn tc thn Vnh Ninh lng i Hu (nay l x Gia Phng, huyn Gia Vin,

Ninh Bnh).

-n th vua inh Tin Hong (x Trng Yn, Hoa L, Ninh Bnh) dng t th k 10. n c

3 ta: ta ngoi l bi ng; ta gia gi l Thin Hng th t tr triu nh ca nh inh l inh

in, Nguyn Bc, Trnh T, Lu C; to trong cng l chnh cung th inh Tin Hong, inh Lin,

inh Ton v inh Hng Lang.

-n th inh B Lnh, Nguyn Bc v inh in ti thn Vn H lng i Hu (nay l x Gia

Phng, huyn Gia Vin, tnh Ninh Bnh).

-Miu Lch i vng ti kinh thnh Ph Xun (Hu), th cc v vua v cc danh tng

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qua cc triu i, trong c Nguyn Bc.

-n Nt Lm (nay l x Ninh Xun, huyn Hoa L, tnh Ninh Bnh) th "inh triu T gim

st hay "Hnh khin Quang lc i vng",tng truyn l Nguyn Bc.

-Ph Thnh hong hay n Hnh khin (thn ng Ng, x Ninh Ha, huyn Hoa L, tnh Ninh

Bnh) th "t bc x Hnh khin Quang lc i vng" cng gn lin vi Nguyn Bc.

-n Him xm Nam thn Phc Am (nay l phng Phc Thnh, th x Ninh Bnh) l ni th

ng vi thn tchghi nh s cm gin (him khch) vi L Hon.

-nh Ba Dn (lng C in thuc x T Hip, huyn Thanh Tr, H Ni) l nh chung ca 3

lng Cng Ng, C Din, ng Tr th chung Nguyn Bc, Nguyn B v Nguyn Phc.

-nh Ng Kh thng, nh Ng Kh h, nh Thanh Kh thng, nh Thanh Kh h (x Ninh

Ha, huyn Hoa L) tng truyn l ni hnh dinh ca Nguyn Bc. Dn bn lng ln lt thay

nhau gi chnh mt nm. Nay ch cn nh Ng Kh h, 3 nh cn li mt.

-n th nh Quc Cng Nguyn Bc ti lng Ph Cc, x Thanh Li, huyn V Bn, tnh Nam

nh.

-nh ng Ph (x o T, huyn ng Ha, H Ni), tng truyn Nguyn Bc v y

tuyn 500 qun i dp Phm Phng t Ch Linh - Hi Dng, trong c 05 v tng ngi h

Ph, sau li 05 v tng ny gip dn. Nay nh lng Chi Ngi vn th 05 v tng ny l

Thnh hong lng.

-Nm inh du 1917 ng c vua Khi nh sc phong l H quc tng cng Trc v

Thng ng phc thn.

-Hin ti trung tm thnh ph Ninh Bnh ang xy dng khu Qung trng - tng i inh Tin

Hong vi 4 gc c tng 4 v quan i thn inh in, Nguyn Bc, Trnh T, Lu C cao 5m,

c lnh canh v nga bng .

-Ti 32/19 Tnh l 741 ng Ph, Bnh Phc c ngi t ng c xy dng t nm 1999,

hin ang c trng tu v m rng ln n 200m. Vi nguyn do con chu ngy mt ng o

chung sng v lm vic ti khu vc ng Nam B, cho nn cn c nh th bi vng.

03.L X Bnh

Sch Khm nh VSTGCM ca Quc s qun triu Nguyn chp v nhn vt L X Bnh nh

sau: Theo Ng i s, nm i Bo 8 i Lu Xng, Xng Vn Giao Chu mt (965), ngi

gip vic l L X Bnh cng vi th s Phong Chu l Kiu Tri Hu tranh nhau ln lm vua. inh

Lin em qun nh ph c. Lu Xng cho inh Lin lm tit s Giao Chu. Theo sch

Thp quc Xun thu ca Ng Nhm Thn i nh Thanh, th nm i Bo 3 i Hu Cha Nam

Hn Lu Xng, inh B Lnh gi cng vic Giao Ch, hiu l i Thng vng. Trc kia, Ng

Xng Vn mt, tng t ca Xng Vn l L X Bnh cng vi th s Phong Chu l Kiu Tri

Hu gy lon, B Lnh cng vi con l inh Lin nh bi X Bnh, c dn chng suy tn lm

vua ([1]).

Sch An nam ch lc ghi: Tng c ca Ngh l Ng Quyn bn git Cng Tin m t lp lm

vua, truyn c vi i, n khi Ng Xng Vn cht, th c b thuc l Ng Bnh (tc L X

Bnh) ginh lm vua, inh B Lnh git Ng Bnh, lnh nc Giao Ch, t xng l Vn Thng

Vng, li t cho con Lin lm Tit s ([2]).

Sch Vit s lc, phn ch thch, ghi theo i Vit s k (q.7, 13a) th nm Bnh dn 966,

Nam Tn Vng mt, Tham mu l Ng S Bnh (c ch chp l Ng ng Bnh), Th s Phong

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Chu Kiu Tri Hu, Th s V Ninh Chu Dng Huy, v nha tng Cnh Thc tranh nhau lm

vua, trong nc lon to, ch no cng c, u chim c huyn p, nh thn tnh nhau ([3]).

Ghi chp t cc quyn sch trn cho thy L X Bnh l mt v quan triu Ng, chc tc cng

khng nh, nn khi Nam Tn Vng cht, cng vi th s v tng lnh khc tranh ginh lm

vua, cui cng b inh B Lnh (hoc inh Lin) nh bi v git.

Nhng theo Thn ph th tng cng ([4]) (ca h Vit Nam) vit bng ch Hn c

Phng Khc Khoan (1528-1613) pht hin v gii thiu nm Nhm dn 1602: Cun thn ph ny

c vit sau khi Tng Cng mt hai nm, vo ngy mng 8 thng ging nm Canh ng, do

hai quan ng liu ca ngi l L S Bnh v Dng Ct Li nhn v ving m Tng cng ghi

li cng lao ca Ngi vo sinh ra t, nu cao tm gng trung ngha sut 36 nm tri ph vua nh

gic gi nc, mt lng v nhn dn th L X Bnh vn cn sng sau khi inh B Lnh ln ngi

hong (968).

04.Nguyn B

S sch khng cp ti nhng ngy nay ta bit c ng qua cc thn ph.Nguyn B (?-

967), ngi chu i Hong (Ninh Bnh ngy nay), l anh ca Nguyn Bc v Nguyn Phc. C ba

anh em ng u l tng nh inh, c cng gip inh Tin Hong trong cng cuc nh dp lon

12 s qun th k 10 trong lch s Vit Nam. V ng lcng cha Qu Hng, con gi inh Tin

Hong.

Nm inh mo 967, inh B Lnh giao Nguyn B lm ch huy tin qun nh s qun Nguyn

Siu Ty Ph Lit, l s qun mnh nht lc by gi;khng may trong trn ny Nguyn B cng

batng Nguyn Phc, inh Thit, Cao Sn v rt nhiu binh lnh t trn. V ng nghe tin chng

mt, tuyt thc m qua i.

Hin nay ng c th ti nh Ba Dn thuc lng C in thuc x T Hip, huyn Thanh

Tr, H Ni, c truy tn l Ph gia Hin hu Chiu ngha i vng, tc l c Thnh C ([5]).

05.Nguyn C

Nguyn C l mt danh nhn ca lng B Giang, x Hng H, huyn an Phng, thnh ph

H Ni, v l tng gii ca inh Tin Hong. Sau khi t quan ng v qu sng cnh in vin v

dy dn trng trt, m mang c nghip, ng by ra nhng tr vui thanh cao, trong c chi diu

cng m tr mc ng.

C truyn thuyt cho rng, ng vn l con ca mt Hu Cng (ng kh). Mt hm, trn g t

ng hay cng mi ngi chi diu, bng Hu Cng xut hin. ng ci u lm l knh cn. Sau

ng ha cng m my ng sc. V vng vng c ging c th:

"Ging sinh trn th ti g ny

Nay li v tri ta ng my..."

Ting th va dt th sm chp, ma gi ni ln, Nguyn C bin mt theo m my. Nhn dn

tic thng lp miu th ng Nguyn C g t ny. y cng l a im hng nm m hi th

diu din ra vo ngy rm thng ba m lch. Hin nay, miu ng C cn i cu i:

"Sinh tin tch tr inh triu soi

Ha hu linh chiu B p thn"

dch: (Khi sng triu nh lng tng gii

Ha ri p B rng thn thing)

Ngy nay, nh B Dng (cn gi l nh B Giang), nm ra lng B Dng, x Hng H,

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huyn an Phng, thnh ph H Ni th ng vi truyn thuyt cho rng ng l ngi c tng

mo k d, tay di qu gi, c vt lng bn chn nh con du nn c t l K.

Ngi nh c khi ngun t mt ngi miu th, c xy dng trn bi t bi ngoi sng

Hng nn cn c tn khc l miu th tng qun Nguyn C. n nm 1952, bi t y b l,

nhn dn mi chuyn ngi miu vo gia lng dng li.

6.Cao Cc

n Xun Ha thuc x Hng Long, huyn Hng Nguyn, tnh Ngh An l ni th cc v thn

c cng vi dn, vi nc l Cao Sn ([6]), Cao Cc, l cc Thnh hong lng. Theo , vo th k

X, sau khi Ng Quyn lnh o nhn dn chng qun Nam Hn thng li, ginh c ch quyn

cho t nc. Ng Quyn mt gy nn lon 12 s qun, t nc ta li ri vo tnh trng b chia

ct. inh B Lnh mt trong 12 s qun, bng ti c ca mnh dp c lon, thng nht t

nc v ng Hoa L. Mt trong nhng v tng c cng gip ng sng lp cng c nh inh

l Cao Cc.

Theo Ngc Ph i Vng tn v trung thn triu nh, Cao Cc sinh ngy 6/1/938 lng Cao

X, huyn Th Xun, con ng Cao Trch v b L Th im. T nh, Cao Cc hc gii, thng

minh ti tr hn ngi, c coi l thn ng. Ln ln, thy dn kh cc v cc th lc nh nhau,

ng b lng i tm minh cha. inh B Lnh thy ng c t cht thng minh, hi v hc vn u i

p tri chy nn phong cho ng lm Gim Ngh i phu, giao cho 5 vn binh lnh ph gip inh B

Lnh dp lon. Bng sc mnh ca tui thanh xun, vi mu lc nh thn, Cao Cc cng cc

tng s ln lt nh bi v thu phc cc s qun.

inh B Lnh ln lm vua xng i Thng inh Hong , ban cho Cao Cc thc p huyn

An Ninh. Thy cnh vng ny non nc hu tnh, ng bn cho qun s lp qun c ti y. Nhng

ngy sng vi dn ng rt nhn hu, lo khuyn khch ngh nng, lm vic ngha, luyn tp v ngh

phng khi nc nh c bin c, gip triu nh bo v qu hng v nh gic cu nc.

Ba nm sau cha Chim Thnh l X u em qun uy hip i C Vit, vua triu Cao Cc v

triu, giao cho 5 vn binh lnh, n kim i nh gic. Cao Cc cm qun xng pha nhiu trn, qun

Chim i bi phi trn v nc. Sau trn i thng, vua thng cng Cao Cc rt hu, mun lu

ng li triu nh nhng Cao Cc xin v sng An Ninh. ng lm bnh mt t ngt, tin bo v

triu nh nh inh thng tic cho lp miu th. n thi vua L Thi T, thy n miu thing,

bit ng l trung thn, nh inh bn phong tng M T i Vng. Cc triu vua v sau phong sc

cho l Thng thng ng ti linh Tn thn.

Vo thi Cnh Hng c nn hng thy, ng rung b ngm nc lu, su keo ph hoi ma

mng, nhn dn x Ph Long ni chung v lng ng C ni ring lm l cu o nh thn Cao

Cc ph h, qu nhin linh ng: su keo cht ht, nhn dn ly lm tin, rc bi v Cao Cc v

lp n th phng hng ta quanh nm.

Cc triu i qun ch Vit Nam ban nhiu sc phong, hin ti n vn cn lu gi 11 sc

phong do vua triu L v triu Nguyn ban cho thn ch ca n ([7]).

07.ng Chn, Trnh Th Khang, ng Tr

Theo thn tch c lu gi ti n T H (cn gi l n Thnh C) hin thuc thn Phc Gii,

x Thanh Bnh, huyn Thanh H, tnh Hi Dng th n th ba v Thnh hong l ng Chn,

Trnh Th Khang v ng Tr, c cng gip vua inh Tin Hong dp lon 12 s qun vo th k 10.

Vo triu Ng, ti trang H Honh, huyn Bnh H, l Hi Dng c ng Chn, mt ngi vn

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v ton ti, kt duyn cng Trnh Th Khang, mt n trung ho kit qu Khoi Chu, tnh Sn

Nam, mng sinh ra ng Tr khi ng tun t, ln ln c ti vn v. By gi lon 12 s qun ni ln

khp ni, vua inh Tin Hong xut hch cp bo, ng Chn n sung qun v c phong l i

tng qun, lnh b binh; con trai l ng Tr cng m l Trnh Th Khang lnh thu binh. Sau khi

dp lon 12 s qun, c gia nh c vua phong tng chc v v tr v qu hng, khi qua i

c vua c s v t chc tang l v sai nhn dn a phng lp miu th, tn lm Thnh hong.

ng Chn c gi l c Thnh C, ng Tr c gi l Thnh T, Trnh Th Khang c gi l

Thnh Mu. Cc triu i sau u c ban sc, hin nay n cn gi c 9 o sc thi Nguyn

vi ni dung ca ngi cng lao cc v Thnh hong nh sau: Bc thn c cng lao to ln, nh dp

lon 12 s qun, cng c ln snh ngang tri t, ho linh thing ni miu in ph gip dn lnh.

Dn chng lu truyn t t, ngi hng t l ngn thu. Cung knh chc Thnh Cung mun tui,

dn khp ni thm nhun n trch ln lao.

Hng nm dn lng t chc hai k l hi vo ngy 14 thng Ging m lch (ngy mt ca c

Thnh C, Thnh T) v ngy mng 8 thng 11 m lch (ngy mt ca c Thnh Mu), trng hi l

ngy 14 thng Ging, c tc rc kiu Thnh hong, t thn v din cc tch cho c, nh c

ngi

08.ng Chu i vng

Nhng ngy thng u tin lc lng cn nh yu, inh B Lnh c s gip , che ch

ca nhn dn a phng. ng Chu, ngi Hng (Bnh Lc, H Nam) c inh B Lnh

c lm s gi i n cc o chiu m qun s, trong ch ring lng Hng Ngha, Minh

Thun, V Bn c n 18 ngi i. H tr thnh nim t ho ca lng qu v c dn lng

Hng Ngha lp n th.

Hin nay, ti di tch nh Hng Ngha ca thn Hng Ngha, x Minh Thun, huyn V Bn,

tnh Nam nh th 3 v thn gm: Hu Tc hong , Cu Mang i vng, ng Chu i vng,

u l nhng v thn c nhiu cng lao vi dn, vi nc. Hu Tc Hong l v thn c cng

dy dn cch thc trng trt cc loi cy. Cu Mang i vng l mt danh tng thi Hng

Vng. ng Chu i vng l ngi c cng ln gip inh B Lnh dp lon 12 s qun.

Hng nm, ti nh Hng Ngha thng din ra nhng l hi vo cc dp: Tt Nguyn n, Tt

Thng Nguyn, Tt oan Ng... Ngoi ra, c ba nm mt ln, t mng 1 n mng 5 thng 8 m

lch, lng vo kha nhp tch xng ca 5 ngy ti nh, c biu din ht cho, l rc kiu quanh

lng din ra uy nghim v vui v trong khng kh rn r.

09.Lu C

Lu C (940 - 1013) l mt trong nhng v khai quc cng thn nh inh, c cng gip inh

Tin Hong nh dp, chm dt lon 12 s qunvo th k 10 trong lch s Vit Nam, ng thi l

ngi cai qun hong thnh Thng Long, c cng tu sa n quay v hng nam (hng v kinh

Hoa L, thay v hng v phng bc nh chnh quyn h lm) trc khi vua L Thi T di

t Hoa L v y.

Theo mt s thn tch v ghi chp khc th Lu C ngi qu B Bt, Bch Lin, Yn

M, Ninh Bnh. Tuy nhin,cng c ti liu cho rng ng l ngi cng lng v cng tui vi inh

Tin Hong. Cha l Lu H, m l L Th Lao; hai ngi ly nhau hn 10 nm m khng c con;

sau khi i cu t n Sn Thn Bch Bt (nay thuc x Yn Thnh, Yn M, Ninh Bnh) n ngy

mng 3 thng Ging nm Gip thn 924 th sinh ra Lu C.

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Sau khi cha m mt, ngoi 20 tui ng theo inh B Lnh nh dp cc s qun, trc tip dp

yn s qun L Khu. Nm 968, inh B Lnh ln ngi tc l inh Tin Hong, Lu C c phong

lm h ph s s.

Sau khi inh Tin Hong b st hi, con l inh Ton cn nh ln ni ngi, L Hon lng quyn

t xng l Ph vng, Nguyn Bc, inh in, Phm Hp mun gi ngi vua cho u cha nn c

binh nh L Hon nhng b nh thua, inh in cht ti trn, Nguyn Bcv Phm Hp b bt

sng em v chm ti Hoa L. S sch khng ni n Lu C v Trnh T, nhng thn ph ghi

Lu C v Trnh T cng chng L Hon, ri b phc kch Bi Vng. Hai ng cng hai b tng

chng c quyt lit, git c bn tng ca L Hon, nhng cui cng b qun ng hn bao vy

tiu dit, th l hai bn c tm tng cht trn . Sau, dn lng Hoa L xy Bt long t st

pha ng Bi Vng th gii an cho tm ngi ([8]).

Ngoi ra, theo thn ph cc di tch thnh i La th Lu C l thi s h ph, cai qun ton

b Giao Chu, ng i bn doanh Ph h c tc thnh i La, khi ng chng 30

tui v Lu C khng cht m phc v cho nhL, ri nh L vi vai tr trn th i La nh trc.

Thnh i La, l trung tm cai tr ca chnh quyn h phng Bc thi Bc thuc, c thit

k mt thnh pha bc l mt chnh ni lns thn phc ca Giao Chu vi nh ng, m ba

ca, trn u c lu che. Hai mt ng ty cng c ba ca khng lu che. Ring mt nam l mt

thng vi khu dn c m ti 5 ca trn t trng, loa.Theo gii chuyn mn, Lu C l ngi u

tin tu sa a thnh i La t mt chnh hng bc tr thnh mt ta thnh c lp t ch quay

v hng nam do vo lc by gi kinh ca nc i C Vit l Hoa L pha nam thnh i

La, vic lm ny chun b mi iu kin c s h tng gip cho cuc di ca L Thi T t Hoa

L ra Thng Long ch trong mt thi gian rt ngn, chnh l iu l gii hp l nht cho s c mt

phong ph cc di tch kin trc, gch ngi, vt liu nin i Hoa L ti cc cuc khai qut hong

thnh Thng Long gn y. Lc by gi vi tui 70, Lu Cco lo v hu tr qu nh v mt ba

nm sau , th 73 tui.

Hu nh sau khng thy s sch nhc n tn Lu C, l do d hiu l do cng trng ln

nht ca ng vi nh inh l dp s qun L Khu vng Th Li, Siu Loi (Bc Ninh) nn

ng khng th tip tc c trng dng di triu L. Hn na, n nm 1010 ng cng 70.

Hin ng c th n lng i T, x i ng, Vn Lm, Hng Yn (t Siu Loi c,

tng truyn l ni ng ng qun khi i dp lon s qun L Khu nm xa) vi thn hiu l Tuy

lc i vng, Thnh hong lng i T.

Ti trung tm thnh ph Ninh Bnh ang xy dng khu Qung trng - tng i inh Tin

Hong vi 4 gc c tng 4 v quan i thn inh in, Nguyn Bc, Trnh T, Lu C cao 5m,

c lnh canh v nga bng .

10.Phm Lnh Cng

Phm Lnh Cng (899-962) tn tht l Phm Chim, l mtcng thn,mt vtng ca triu i

Tin Ng vng.Ng Quyn thy Phm Lnh Cng c ti, c sc kho, vn hc tinh thng nn

nhn lm anh em kt ngha, khi Ng Quyn c binh ra thnh i La nh dp Kiu Cng Tin v

chn nh qun Nam Hn lm nn chin thng Bch ng lch s nm 938 u c Phm Lnh

cng tham gia. Ng Quyn xng vng, phong cho Phm Lnh Cng chcng gip tng

qun(tng cai qun vng x ng)v cp t cho ng Tr Hng. Ng Quyn tin cy Phm

Lnh Cng nn vit mt t di ch li cho con, trong c cp n khi gp nhng din bin

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kh lng th trng cy vo Phm Lnh Cng duy tr triu i nh Ng.

Ng Quyn mt, Dng Tam Kha cp ngi nh Ng, Phm Lnh Cng t quan v qu. Sau

Ng Xng Ngp chy v nh Phm Lnh Cng nh che ch. Phm Lnh Cng a Ng

Xng Ngp vo rng ni Ch Linh o hm n nu. Ba ln Dng Tam Kha sai Dng Ct Li v

Cnh Thc v ui bt nhng u khng lm g c. Khi Ng Xng Vn dnh li c ngi

vua, cho ngi v lng Tr Hng n anh trai l Ng Xng Ngp v cng cai qun t nc,

Ng Xng Ngp xng l Thin Sch Vng. Sau khi Phm Lnh Cng qua i, t lng thnh

knh, nh Vua cho lp n th ng v cc i vua sau u phong sc cho ng. Con chu ca ng

nhiu ngi l quan v tng gii tr thnh danh nhn ca t nc c ngi i ca tng, nh

Tham chnh cPhm Mn (con), Tng qun Phm Bch H (con), Tng qun Phm

Hp (chu ni, con Phm Mn), Thi y Phm C Lng(chuni, con Phm Mn), Phm Th Ngc

Dung (chu ni).ng gip tng qun Lnh cng Phm Chim l mt trong nhng thy t ca

dng h Phm c nhiu cng vi t nc.

Dn Tr Hng suy tn ng (v ng Phm Ha) lmThnh hong lngv lp nh th. Hng

nm c vo ngy 11 v 12 thng Ging dn lng li t chc l hi n li cng trng ca cc ng.

nh c xy dng li vo nm 1990 v tu to nm 1996. Trong nh cn lu gi c nhiu

c vt c gi tr v lch s, nin i, ngh thut cng nh khoa hc v tinh thn. Mt trong nhng c

vt gi tr nht l hm cc sc phong.

11.St Cng, Phm Thnh

Sau khi v vi s qun Trn Lm K B Hi Khu, inh B Lnh cng cc tng inh

in, Nguyn Bc, Lu Cng, St Cng, Phm Thnh v ng n Doanh u (trang Thy Th)

nhm ngn chn s qun Phm Bch H ang chim gi t ng Chu (nay thuc Kim ng,

Hng Yn). ng lu thn mu li trang Thy Th, dn qun i nh dp. Khi sp xng vng, ng

cho ngi v trang Thy Th rc m nhng do m nng, b khng v Hoa L c v mt ti

. Vua inh cho lnh tng b ngay ni Doanh u xa. Huyt su 1 trng 2 thc (khong

4,8m), ly t lp ln, ri sc cho dn lng lp miu trn th t. Ri ra lnh min gim t,

thu cho dn Thy Th, ngoi cn cp 51 mu rung v cho 4 ht bc dn lng canh tc, ly hoa

li phng th n nhang, coi gi miu ng, lu truyn mun i sau. Vua cn lnh cho 4

tng inh in, Phm Thnh, Lu C, St Cng chiu m dn chng bo v Hong lng m a.

12.Bi Quang Dng

Bi Quang Dng (922 - 1018) l mt nh hot ng chnh tr, qun s ni ting thi inh; c

nhiu cng lao t chc khai ph, m mang kinh t vng B Hi Khu (thuc tnh Thi Bnh ngy

nay).

Sau khi Ng Quyn mt, cc th lc ni dy mi ngi hng c mt vng. Bit inh B Lnh l

ngi mu lc vc ch ln, ng tm n ra mt inh B Lnhv cng vi cc tng dc lng

ph t nh inh, thng nht t nc.

Nm Mu thn 968, inh B Lnh ln ngi, phong ng l Anh dc tng qun sung in tin

ch huy s Thim s. Sau , nhn thy tm quan trng ca vng t phn du bn bin ng, vua

phong cho ng chc Trn ng Tit s, ng ti Ca B gi vic qun l, m mang khai ph

vng t cui sng u bin thuc Thi Bnh v Nam nh ngy nay, ng t chc khai khn, lp

lng; vua inh ly ng t Hng Bi v t mi khai khn t l p Hm Chu, ban cho Bi

Quang Dng lm p thang mc; sau li thngng l c khai quc thin sch Thng tng, tc

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An tnh hu v truy tng thn ph ng l Khi t hu.Ngoi Hm Chu, cn c 8 tri khc (nay thuc

a bn huyn V Th vthnh ph Thi Bnh) c dn chng t tn lng l Bi X cm t

cng lao ca ng.

Sau chin thng chng Tng nm 981 di triu vua L i Hnh, Bi Quang Dng lui v n

trong ng Trinh Thch vi tui 60. Nm k du 1009, L Cng Un ln ngi vua, lp ra triu L, ba

ln cho ngi vi nhng ng u thoi thc, ly c tui gi. Nm Thun Thin th 2 i L Thi

Tmi ng v triu, ban cho ng hiu l "Minh Trit Phu T", i x nh thy. Vua li phong chc

c thi inh ca ng cho con trai ng l Bi Quang Anh ([9]).

Bi Quang Dng mt nm 1018 nin hiu Thun Thin 9, th 97 tui. L Thi T sai B L lm

l c ai v truy phong l Trnh Quc Cng, ng thi ng vn bia s trng ri cho ngi em v

t ng ng p Hm Chu th ([10]).

13.Bch a i vng

C hai nh ng D Thng v ng D H cng th bn v thnh hong l Cao Sn i

vng (anh em con cha con bc vi Tn Vin Sn thnh), Bch a i vng - ngi c cng

gip inh B Lnh dp lon 12 s qun cui th k X, Linh Lang i vng (con trai Vua L Thnh

Tng, ngi c cng ln trong cuc khng chin chng Tng nm 1076 1077), Khang Tr i

vng c phong l ng Nam Ty Bc qun i thnh hong (y hoc l v thnh hong

cai qun mt vng rng ln hoc l v thn cai qun cc con ho bo quanh cc thnh c, song

cha r v sao lng li th nh vy). Hin ti, cc nh nghin cu vn khng gii thch c ti sao

v i vng ny li c th y. nh cn lu gi c 22 o sc phong c nin hiu Vnh

Khnh 2 (1730) n triu Nguyn, thi vua Khi nh, 9 tm bia , trong c mt bia hnh tr, 1

b bt bu, 1 kiu th v nhiu honh phi, cu i.

L hi nh din ra t ngy mng 7 n 13 thng Hai. M u hi l l ly nc trn sng Hng

v rc nc t bn sng v nh t l. Sau l l phn hi vi cc tr chi dn gian, trong

c o nht l tr u kim, u quyn v ma khin.

([1]) Bn in t.

([2]) Sch dn ca tc gi L Tc, Nxb Thun Ha v Trung tm Vn ha ngn ng ng Ty 2002, trang

53.

([3])Sch dn ca tc gi Khuyt danh; Trn Quc Vng phin dch v ch gii, inh Khc Thun i chiu,

chnh l; Nxb Thun Ha v Trung tm Vn ha ngn ng ng Ty 2005; trang 52.

([4])Xin xem ton vn thn ph phn vit v s qun Cnh Thc trong bi vit ny.

([5])C ti liucho rng Nguyn B nghe tin L Hon git inh in, Nguyn Bc, bn em qun bo

th nhng cng b git (tc l khng phi t trn trong trn chin nm 967).

([6]) Nhn vt ny khng phi l i tng nn khng a vo trong bi vit ny: Cao Sn (hay Cao Hin) l s

thn do vua Tng c sang cai tr nc ta. Mc d vy, Cao Sn lun biu hin l mt v quan khoan dung, c

, ht lng v cuc sng ca nhn dn, xy dng mi giao ho ha bnh tt p gia hai nc. Chnh v vy m

triu nh v nhn dn hai nc u bit n Cao Sn.

([7]) Hin nay, nh Tr Thch (x L Thnh, huyn Yn Thnh, tnh Ngh An) cng th hai v Thnh hong Cao

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Sn, Cao Cc.

([8])Bt long t s tch caca ngi cng lao ca t tr nh inh, c cu:

Bc, in, C, T hin ngang

Trnh, Lu sau li Bi Vng hy sinh.

Hai ngi i trc quang vinh

Hai ngi sau sng lung linh ci b.

in qun s tham mu Ngoi Gip,

Bc ng u n p ngha n,

Lu C H sc thn,

Trnh T ng i xa gn mn danh.

([9]) C th Bi Quang Anh cng l nhn vt thi 12 s qun, tuy nhin v cha c g chc chn nn ti khng

a vo, sau ny khi tm c ti liu s b sung.

([10]) Hin nay x Tn Bnh, huyn V Th, tnh Thi Bnh c t ng th Bi Quang Dng.

(Cn tip)

Ngy 8 Thng 3 Nm 2014

Phan B Lng (2/16)

NHN VT THI 12 S QUN (2 - Tip theo)

Th ba, 03 Thng 6 2014 09:51

14. inh c t, inh c Thng

nh Thng ng (x Yn Tin, huyn Yn, tnh Nam nh) th vua inh Tin Hong. Mi

th k v trc vng t ny thuc phng Qun (nay l mt s thn thuc x Yn Tin, Yn

Khang). S qun Phm Bch H nguyn chim gi vng ng Chu (huyn Kim ng, tnh Hng

Yn ngy nay) sau nhiu ln b tht bi nng n do cc cuc xung t ca cc lc lng ct c

phi rt dn xung pha nam v dng chn ti y t cn c mi. t ny ra bin rt gn, khng

nhng thun li v giao thng m cn tr ph v kinh t. Nhng do th lc suy yu, k lut lng lo

binh lnh lun i cp bc nn gy nhiu ni on hn trong dn chng. n khi hai anh em rut

inh c t v inh c Thng ngi phng L Chu (nay l thn Ct ng cng x vi thn

Thng ng) dy binh i theo inh B Lnh c nhn dn a phng tham gia rt ng.

Chnh v vy ch trong mt thi gian ngn inh B Lnh dp tan cnh qun ca Phm Bch H

cng cc s qun khc hon thnh s nghip thng nht t nc.

Cng nh mt s di tch thuc phng Qun xa (nay l mt s thn thuc x Yn Tin,

Yn Khang), nh Ct ng l di tch th hai anh em inh c t v inh c Thng, nhng

ngi con qu hng c cng ph gip inh B Lnh dp tan s qun Phm Bch H tng

chim c ni y.

15. Thnh u i vng, Lng Cng, Trn Cng Mn, L Khai, Nguyn Tn

Nhng ngy thng u tin lc lng cn nh yu, inh B Lnh c s gip , che ch

ca nhn dn a phng. Thnh u i vng c th Ph B (c Lc, Lin Bo, V Bn)

vn l nng u bn nc u thn. Khi vua inh thua trn chy n ngh nh, b gip cho

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cm n, o mc, la si... m khng nhn s tr n. Lng Cng l v thn c th nh Qung

Thng (Yn Lng, Yn) do c cng nui vua inh. Hng lot cc tng khc c inh B

Lnh phi i khp cc t Yn, V Bn, Nam Trc, M Lc... chiu m qun s.

Trn Cng Mn, ngi Sn Ty theo v vi vua inh li c c xung ph Ngha Hng

chiu m qun s. ng ly v ngi trang Thi Duyn l b Xuyn Nng v tp hp c n

nghn trai trng qu v tham gia ngha qun.

Nguyn Bc, v i cng thn lng ly danh ting ca nh inh, vn xng pha trn mc cng

vi vua inh t nhng ngy mi dy qun Hoa L cng v y. Ngc ph n Ph

Cc (Thnh Li, V Bn) cho bit Nguyn Bc tha lnh inh B Lnh v Ph Cc chiu m qun

s. Ch trong vng my chc ngy m ng chiu m c hn ba nghn ngi. Nguyn Bc cng

l ngi chiu d c L Khai - bc hng trng V Bn, Dn ph Ngha Hng theo v vi L

Khai rt ng.

16.Hong Th u, Hong Sn Tr, Hong Sn Khung

Hong Th u ngi x c Thng huyn Thin Bn, vn qu x Tr Lnh chu Thch Lm.

Thn sinh b l Sn Tr lm ph ch huy s. Nm inh Mo b cng anh l Sn Khung theo vua

inh nh Phm Phng t. Di triu inh b gi chc gim st ng s, khi vua mt b v lp p

x i Thng huyn i Loan, x Uy T huyn Gia Vin, x Mai Sn huyn Ho Hip. B khng

ly chng, nm 70 tui t Ho Hip v ni cha m v mt nm 84 tui, by gi l ngy

23/10. Nay x c Thng v x i Thng hy cn n th (c Thng nay i l c Lc, i

Thng nay l Nhn L) ([1]).

17.inh in, Phan Th Mi Nng

inh in (924-979) qu lng i Hu, nay l x Gia Phng, huyn Gia Vin, tnh Ninh

Bnh, l mt trong s nhng cng thn khai quc i C Vit v l ngi tn trung vi nh inh.

Cha inh in l inh Thn, m l Dng Th Liu. Khi mi sinh inh in c tn gi l inh

Tro. Lc cn l tr nh, i chn tru Thung Lau (ng Hoa L, Gia Vin), inh in cng l

tr ly hoa lau lm c, khoanh tay lm kiu, suy tn v rc inh B Lnh lm cha.Ln ln, inh

in cng Nguyn Bc, Lu C, Trnh T theo ph inh B Lnh trn gi ng Hoa L chng

li nh Ng.Nm 965, nh Ng mt, ng cng cc chin hu gip inh B Lnh nh dp 12 s

qun trong 3 nm, thng nht giang sn v mt mi, inh in c vua inh c gi chc Ngoi

gip, ngha l coi vic bn ngoi, cn theo thn ph th ng gi chc Nhp ni kim gio i T

Bnh chng trng s.

Phu nhn cang, b Phan Th Mi Nng, cng nhiu ln tham gia nh gic cng chng.

B ci trang tr trn vo doanh tri ch hu thun, m cng thnh cho qun tin phong do Tng

qun inh in ch huy tin vo ph thnh. B l con gi ca trang ng Man c ng gp

khng nh cng chng gip vua inh B Lnh dp lon 12 s qun, thng nht t nc.

Nm K mo 979, inh Tin Hong v inh Lin b st hi, triu nh tn inh Ton mi 6 tui

ln ngi k v. L Hon lm Nhip chnh i thn, sau t xng l Ph Vng, mi vic trng s

u do tay L Hon quyt nh.Cho rng L Hon c thon ot, inh in bn vi Nguyn

Bc v Phm Hp cng mt s trung thn khc, b quan v n mu tnh i s, ri hp qun

vi Nguyn Bc, Phm Hp, em hai o qun thu b t i Chu (Thanh Ha) tin v kinh thnh

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Hoa L mu git L Hon, thu giang sn li cho nh inh. Nhng L Hon li dng gi ng nam

thi mnh, nh mt trn ha cng, t sch thuyn b, qun s ca inh in, Nguyn Bc tan r,

inh in b t trn.Nhn dn v cng thng xt, coi ng l bc trung thn, v ngha c qun mnh

nn thu nht hi ct ng em v cha Trc Lm, ni ng tu hnh trc an tng. Sau

khng lu, Nguyn Bc v Phm Hp cng b L Hon nh bi, b bt v b x t.

Theo sch "inh T s tch" (do sau ny vua L Thi T sc phong cho inh in l "Lch

i tit ngha ch long thn" v chc "Nhp ni kim gio t bnh chng s tng Quc chnh

i vng" nn dn gian thng gi ng l inh T ) n th inh in bn cnh cha Thp,

thn Yn Lin b, x Khnh Thnh, huyn Yn M, th sau khi bt ha vi L Hon, inh in em

v l Thng Trn trng cng cha v vi Kiu Mc thin s rt v lng Lu (Yn Liu H) dng

cha tu hnh, nhng thc cht l xy dng cn c, chiu m binh m chng li L Hon. ng

lp ra chn doanh tri, sau l chn lng th ng l: Yn Lu Thng, Yn Lu H, Phc M, Yn

Thnh, Yn Bc, Yn Ph, Vn Gip, Yn L, (Yn Xuyn). inh in thng lng Lu v Yn

L, qu m ca ng. Cn Nguyn Bc rt qun vo Chu i (Thanh Ha), kt hp vi inh in,

chun b tn cng thnh Hoa L. Lng Lu by gi l mt vng t mi bi, cch kinh thnh Hoa L

khong 20km theo ng chim bay, gn sng Trinh N. T y c th rt lui vo chu i theo

ca b Thn Ph mt cch d dng, cng c th nhanh chng tn cng kinh thnh Hoa L. Hin

nay y cn mt s a danh c lin quan n inh in nh: lng Lu l ni inh in dng lu

tr qun, lng Ln (sau i thnh lng Lun) l ni nui ln, cnh ng Vn Gio l ni ct gi

gm gio.v.v... Tng truyn inh in dng mt ngi cha 3 gian, sau gi l cha Thp trn mt

khu t rng 7 so. ng cm mt khu t xung quanh rng 17 mu, mt khu rung 30 mu, c

tn l "Thn in", (nay thuc x Khnh Dng, Yn M).

V thi gian din ra trn chin v ci cht ca inh in, cc ngun ti liu ghi khc nhau: s

sch thng nht ghi vic ny din ra vo cui nm 979; thn ph Ninh Bnh ghi vic ny din ra

ngy 20/4 nm Canh thn (tc 5/6/980); mt s thn ph khcli cho rng ng cng v l Phan Mi

Nng b thua trn, qun tan nt ht nn cng nhau t vn ngy 20/11 nm K mo (tc 12/12/979)

ch khng phi ng b t trn.

Ngy nay c nhiu ni ni th ng v Nguyn Bc. Ni th v phi th inh in cng nhiu.

n vua inh Trng Yn, Gia Phng, n Ba Dn (Kim Bng), n vua inh Yn ni

no cng th inh in, Nguyn Bc.Cc l hi nh c lau tp trn, hi n vua inh u din

hnh nh vua inh, inh in, Nguyn Bc, xem nh nhng ngi hng tiu biu cho tinh thn

thng v dn tc. Nhiu ni th cc v thn khc m vn lu li s tch, c khi th c inh in,

Nguyn Bc gn b vi nhau, c dn a phng sng knh (nh cc n miu huyn Yn

Khnh, Ninh Bnh, cha Long Hoa x Lim Cn, Thanh Lim, tnh H Nam, n cha bn

Vc Ninh Bnh, nh ng Phi ng Ha, H Ni).

inh in c phong lm thnh hong ca nhiu lng min Bc, n th ng c nhiu tiu

biu nh:

-n Kim ng phng Lam Sn, th x Hng Yn, l ni inh in ng qun. Hi

n Kim ng c t chc vo ngy 15 - 17/11 m lch hng nm tng nh tng qun inh

in cng v l Phan Th Mi Nng (v ng cng c sc phong l "Hu Hoa gia tinh trinh thc

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phu nhn"). L hi din ra kh si ni. Ngoi phn l vi cc hot ng t l, rc kiu; cn c phn

hi vi nhiu tr chi dn gian hp dn nh: chi g, ma ln, ht ni, ht trng qun, ma ri

nc...

-n inh in th trn huyn Kim ng, tnh Hng Yn.

-n th inh in x Khnh Thnh huyn Yn M tnh Ninh Bnh.

-n T tr qun th danh thng Trng An, Ninh Bnh phi th ng cng Nguyn

Bc, Trnh T, Lu C.

-M v n th ti Trc Lm (Yn T, Qung Ninh), ni y l qu m ca ng v cng l

ni ng tu hnh.

-nh ng X, huyn Thanh Lim, H Nam.

-nh Nhn Kit, x Hng Thng, Bnh Giang, Hi Dng.

-Qung trng - tng i inh Tin Hong ti trung tm thnh ph Ninh Bnh vi 4 gc

c tng 4 v quan i thn inh in, Nguyn Bc, Trnh T, Lu C cao 5m, c lnh canh v

nga bng .

18.Phm Cng inh, Phm Cng Thanh, Phm Cng Hoi

S ph lng Ngu Kh, tng Sn ng, huyn Qunh Ci, tnh Thi Bnh (nay l x Qunh Kh,

huyn Qunh Ph) cho bit Phm Cng inh, Phm Cng Thanh, Phm Cng Hoi l anh em sinh

ba v l con ng b Phm Cng Hong v Trng Th Trch. Hai ng b trn 50 tui mi sinh c

ba anh em. Ln 5 tui th m qua i, ba anh em c cha cho n hc nn ngi, ni ting hiu

ngha c truyn tng khp vng. Gp thi lon lc 12 s qun, mt ngy kia ba anh em va gp

mt inh B Lnh th s qun Phng t ([2]) em binh n nh vy bt inh B Lnh. Nh s gip

sc ca ba anh em v cc nho sinh do ba anh em cm u, inh B Lnh nh bi qun lnh ca s

qun Phng t. T , ba anh em theo v di trng inh B Lnh, c inh B Lnhgiao dn

hai vn qun i ng Chu nh dp s qun Phm Phng t l mnh nht, qun thy b t hai

pha vo oai phong lm lit nh tan ct c ng chu bt sng Phng t, sau cc s qun

khc u ln lt b nh bi hoc tan r. inh B Lnh ln ngi phong Phm Cng inh l Thng

Thin i Vng chc Vin quan th b Thi y vin; Phm Cng Thanh l Thanh Lng i Vng

chc Php s; Phm Cng Hoi l Hoi Nhn i Vng chc V quan i Vng. Cng ban

cho cha l Phm Cng Hong l Thn vng v c cng nui dy ba anh em.

Ht 3 nm tang cha,ba anh em phn cng nhau, ngi coi a ch dinh ly, ngi dy ch thnh

hin cho dn, ngi lm thuc cu gip ngi kh, khuyn rn dn trong vic canh nng cy

cy, i sng nhn dn c yn thnh,hng nm inh Tin Hong ly ngy nh vua c gii vy

bng gm gio ca nho sinh do 3 anh em h Phm cm u, sai s thn em l vtm yn tic

khao i dn binh, m hi cho cc dn binh ma gm gio, pht c lau tng nh nhng ngy

chinh chin vua ti len lch trong lau sy dit lon cu xin hm hng ph h cho p thn m

m tr ph. Khi ba anh em mt, vua inh Tin Hong phong cho lm Thnh hong. n triu

Trn, khi gic Nguyn xm ln nc ta, Hung o vng Trn Quc Tun phi s thn vo thp

hng cu nim Tam v i Vng tr ph gip vua gi nc, an dn, i ph qun Nguyn, sau

khi thng trn vua Trn Thi Tng phong sc cho ba v ln lt l Linh ng Anh Trit Hin

Lc, Anh V i Lc Hng Ti, Thng Minh Ti t Hng Cn. n triu L, vua L sc phong

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cho ba v ln lt l Dc Vn T Th Uy Linh; Hng Kit H Quc An Dn, Ph T Cng Ngh Anh

Linh. Qua cc triu i i i dn chng phng s quanh nm hng khi.

19.Dng nh, ng Th Knh, Dng Nguyt Nng

Theo ni dung c ghi quyn Thn ph, Ngc ph ca thn ng X, x Vn X, huyn Kim

Bng, tnh H Nam, c b L triu L ban hnh vo nm 1572 th khi Trn Lm mt, inh B

Lnh em tng s v Hoa L chiu m ho kit i dp lon s qun. Ngi c ng Dng

nh ngi x Trng Yn H v v tn l ng th Knh (vn ngi ng X, Kim Bng) g con

gi tn l Nguyt Nng v lm v v sinh ra con gi u t tn l Ngc Nng. inh B Lnh

v ng X lp n tri v truyn hch Cn Vng dp gic v c trn 600 ngi ng m

cng vi 180 trng inh ng X, ng Lc, Kh V. Ngi chim bi cha Khnh Hng cu tn

pht Php V ph h cho vn s nh . Li thnh cu linh nghim, t y inh B Lnh nh u

c y, c tn l Vn Thng Vng, bnh c 12 s qun thng nht t nc. Sau ny khi

L Hon ln ngi Hong , tn phong inh Tin Hong, h sc ch cho x i Hong lp miu

th v truyn ch cho thin h c ni no vua inh lp n tri th u c rc sc v lp

n th cng. Dn ng X ti kinh thnh rc sc v lp miu th v c gi l miu

Trung.

20.Nguyn on

inh B Lnh sai Nguyn on em hn 10 ngi, ban m ngm ln vo trong doanh, tha

gi phng ho, ngn la rng rc, khi en ngt tri. Trong doanh tri mi ngi kinh s tu tn.

Thnh ly b san phng. Nguyn Siu, c ngi nga b cht trong khi qua sng.

21.Phm c, inh Trit, inh Ngn, Trn Huy, inh M

inh Nga v qu chn th t cao ro, bng phng di chn ni Ngy gn sng y thun li

cho giao thng ng thu, li l ni c th i xuyn qua cc vng khc v i tt v cn c Hoa L.

y cng l ni c th d dng khi tn cng hoc rt lui vo ni rng khi cn.

Di s lnh o ca inh Nga, trai trng quanh vng ko n gia nhp i qun ngy cng

nhiu. Ngy nay, ngc ph v dn gian cn nhc n tn nhng ngi tng gii di s lnh o

ca tng inh Nga nh inh Trit, inh Ngn, Phm c, Trn Huy, inh M. H gip ng

hun luyn binh s ([3]).

22.L ng

L ng hay L ng hay L Minh, l mt trong 12 s qun cui triu nh Ng trong lch s

Vit Nam, xng hiu L T cng, ct c vng T Giang (Vn Giang, Hng Yn). Ngi trang Liu

Ch, huyn Siu Loi (Thun Thnh, Bc Ninh). Nm 938 c tham gia trn Bch ng nh tan

qun Nam Hn.

Sau khi Ng Quyn qua i vo nm 944, Dng Tam Kha cp ngi nh Ng. Cc tng lnh,

th ho a phng cc ni khng chu thun phc, ni ln ct c mt vng v em qun nh

chim ln nhau.

Theo thn ph th tng cng th sau khi ln ngi Thin Sch Vng Ng Xng Ngp

xung chiu phong thng cho cc cng thn, trong L ng lm Thi th Vn Giang, trn th

ng Nam.

L ng l mt th ho a phng vng T Giang. Thi by gi, ni y t bn ly rt

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nhiu, quanh co, a th him yu. Khi nh Ng suy yu, khng cn kh nng kim sot a

phng, L ng t chiu m v xy dng lc lng ct c, da vo a th him yu c th.

u nm 968, sau khi chim vng Bc Ninh vn do cc s qun Nguyn Th Tip v L

Khu ct c, Vn thng vng chuyn qun v Siu Loi, cho inh Lin v Nguyn

Bc em 3.000 qun tin nh qun L ng. L ng ch trng tn qun, ng gi ch him

yu; h thy qun Hoa L i ng th trnh m i l l chn nh, dit mt vingi lnh ri b chy.

Nguyn Bc cho qun Hoa L tp trung tp kch qun lng tip vn ca qun L ng. Trong

vng 7 ngy, vng ai phng th bn ngoi ca qun L ng b tiu dit hon ton; inh Lin,

Nguyn Bc nh su vo trung tm, chm cht L ng, thu phc hon ton t T Giang.

Do c cng cai qun v lp p a phng, L T ng c lp n th nh Bn, Va7n

Giang, Hng Yn.Ngoi ra, ti n Thng (lng Quang Xn, x M H, huyn M Lc, tnh Nam

nh) cng th thnh hong lng l tng qun L T ng thi nh inh c cng ph vua dp

gic, bo v i sng nhn dn. Hng nm, ti n Thng, vo ngy mng 3 Tt, dn lng u t

chc dng hng, t l, biu din vn ngh, n li truyn thng vn ha, cch mng ca qu

hng; sau cc hot ng l hi, dn lng t chc mng th cc c cao tui, t chc cc tr chi

dn gian v nhiu hot ng th dc th thao; cc dng h v hi khuyn hc ca lng t chc pht

thng cho cc chu t kt qu cao trong hc tp.

C ti liu cho L ng b tng ca qun inh l Chu Cng Mn nh bi, b chm u, th

cp b mang v Hoa L. Do vy ngi Phng Cng trc y gi chch t "ng" thnh "ng"

khi phm hy v khi cng thnh hong lng bao gi cng l con heo khng c u. Chu Cng

Mn l ngi lng an Nhim, nn trong thi gian di dn 2 lng Phng Cng v an Nhim lun

lun c him khch, vi chc nm li y mi hn th ny mi c xo b hon ton.

23.Phng Gia, Cao Mc, o Nng

Khu vc lng Bn (M Thng, M Lc) c th c coi l cn c u tin ca inh B Lnh

trn t Nam nh. Ngc ph nh Bn cho bit: o Nng, ngi m dn a phng thng

gi l m hong thi hu, thn mu ca inh B Lnh, thng cng ng i nh dp cc s qun.

Khi inh B Lnh cng Phng Gia v cc tng tin qun n a u huyn M Lc, ph Thin

Trng th b mt s qun chn nh. ng lp n lu thn An Bin (tc lng Bn) va chng

c, li va pht trin thm lc lng. Nhiu nhn s, trong c Cao Mc, v cn c Bn gip

ng. Sau mt thi gian, ng m li cn c, cn mnh cng vi cc tng lnh i nh dp cc

ni khc. Sau khi ginh c thng li, nh Hoa L, ng cho ngi tr v An Bin n m,

mi c bit m ng qua i. inh B Lnh phi hai tng l Phng Gia v Cao Mc v An

Bin trng coi lng m o Nng. Ri Cao Mc cng mt ti y. Nhn dn trong vng thng

tic, chn ct v th phng ng. Hin nay ti thn Bn cn bn di tch lin quan n s kin ny l

Lng B (lng m b o Nng), Lng ng (lng m ca Cao Mc), Miu Trc (miu th Phng

Gia) v nh Bn l ni th chung m vua inh cng Cao Mc v Phng Gia. S hin din ca

m vua inh M Thng, M Lc xc nhn ni y l mt cn c quan trng ca inh B Lnh

trong thi k u chiu binh dp lon.

Cao Mc (hay Cao Mc Cn), theo nh Ngc ph n Thng (Quang Xn, M H, M Lc)

vn l mt tu tng ca s qun L T Cng vng T Giang (Hng Yn). ng i theo L T

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Cng tm n Nam nh quy phc inh B Lnh.

24.ng Giang v Phi Nng Hong hu

nh o Thc to lc ti x Thu Lm, huyn ng Anh, thnh ph H Ni. nh th Thnh

hong lng l c Thnh Tam Giang, ng Giang v Phi Nng Hong hu.

-c Thnh Tam Giang l tn thn h Trng, tc hai anh em Trng Hng, Trng Ht. Hai

ng l tng ca vua Triu Vit Vng. n thi L Nam , hai ng khng chu ra lm quan, b

lng bt nn ung thuc c t t. Thng b cho hai ng lm Long Qun Ph s tun hnh

trn sng V Giang v Lng Giang. Hai ng tng m ph cho cc trn nh trn sng thng li.

-ng Giang l mt v tng ca vua inh Tin Hong c cng trong vic dp gic Ng cng

vi mt ngi trong mng l Phi Nng Hong hu. B l ngi ph gip cho ng trong chin

trn.

25.Nguyn Hi

Theo h Nguyn Tt (thn Ninh X, x Yn Ninh, huyn Yn, tnh Nam nh) th: ng t dng

h Nguyn Tt l Nguyn Hi (cn c tn Nguyn Kin), thi nh Ng v Tin L l c thy

qun, c cng nh gic Nam Hn v gic Tng trn sng Bch ng, gp phn gn gi non sng

b ci, c sc phong L triu c ng tri Qun cng Nguyn Tng cng, gia phong Linh

ph Dc bo Trung hng, t l Th Tn.

nh gic Nam Hn (938) thi Ng Vng Quyn, nh gic Tng (981) thi L i Hnh, vy

ng ng l mt nhn vt thi 12 s qun. Rt tic, khng bit lai lch v hnh trng ca ng.

26.Phm Hn, Phm Ph

Phm Hn v Phm Ph l con ng Phm Tuyn v b Trn Th Ngon. Hai ng b Phm

Tuyn lm bn vi nhau lu, nhng tui cao m vn cha c con. Ri mt m b nm mng

thy hai ngi sao trn tri ri xung, b nut tri vo bng. B s hi tnh dy em chuyn ni vi

ng. ng c mng gia tm lm vic thin. Sau , ngy mng 10/8 nm K hi 939, sinh c hai

trai v ngi khi ng t tn l Hn v Ph.

Nm hai ng Phm Hn v Phm Ph hai mi bn tui, cha m ln lt chu tri. Hai ng tuy

bun ru nhng ch ln vn cao. Gp lc c lon 12 s qun, hai ng bn kt giao ho kit bn

phng, chiu m trai trng thit lp n ly trn t Mai Khu v nh nhau vi s qun Phm

Phng t v Ng Nam vi mi trn; hai ng gi phn thng, thanh th vang dy.

By gi inh B Lnh nghe ting hai ng lin cho s gi v tn Mai ng mi. Hai ng cn

do d th m y c thn bo mng h Phm lm tng, h inh lm vua. Mnh tri nh, nu

khng nghe tc tri mnh tri. Hm sau, hai ng bn tip s gi, chn ngy chnh n qun lng

kh gii y cng vi s gi vo Hoa L yt kin B Lnh. n ni hai ng thy inh B Lnh l

ngi mu cao lc c, c kh tng vng; cn inh in, Nguyn Bc l bc anh hng ng

ti lng ng nn rt vui mng. Cn v h inh thy hai ng tng mo khi ng, ng ng

kh th; hi n vn thao v lc, B Lnh khen Phm Hn v nh Trng Lng i Hn; hi n

by binh b trn, B Lnh khen Phm Ph v nh Dng Nghip i Tng. Bn phong cho Phm

Hn gi chc Tham mu, Phm Ph gi chc i tng.

Sau , hai ng t xin em qun i dp Ng Nam v Phm Phng t, B Lnh bng lng. Hai

ng chnh n binh lng v qua Mai ng tuyn m thm trai trng ri lp tc thy b cng tin.

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Th lc nh ch tre, chm hng nghn th cp. Ng Nam v Phng t tan tnh nh l ma thu

trc gi.

Cn cc s qun kia cng b B Lnh, inh in, Nguyn Bc chia qun nh ph khin cho i

bi, xe mt c khng cn, nga mt con chng st.

V Hoa L, inh B Lnh ln ngi hong , phong thng ba qun. Phm Hn c phong An

nh cng, Phm Ph c phong Thng lnh cng, c n lc nghn h. Hai ng bi t nh vua,

xin v Mai Khu lp hnh cung , li dng biu xin min tp dch cho dn. Hai ng cng vui sng

vi dn lng, bng lc do vua inh thng, u chia cho nhn dn v khuyn khch dn lng cy

cy chm tm, nhng k i tit hai ng v chu vua.

Hai ng mt khi tui cao. Nhn dn lm l an tng v vit bi v th.

Hin nay, nh lng Mai ng, huyn Bnh Lc, tnh H Nam c n th hai anh em Phm Hn

v Phm Ph cng hai ngi v, c sc phong nh sau:

1-Sc inh triu tham mu Phm ph qun, oan tc dc bo trung hng chi thn

2-Sc Thiu ngon Trng phu nhn, Dc bo trung hng linh ph chi thn

3-Sc inh triu i tng Phm ph qun, oan tc dc bo trung hng chi thn

4-Sc Dung hoa qun cha Phng Anh, Dc bo trung hng linh ph chi thn

27.Kiu Cng Hn

Kiu Cng Hn hay Kiu Cng Hn (?-967) l tng nh Ng v l mt trong 12 s qun cui

thi Ng trong lch s Vit Nam.Kiu Cng Hn l chu ni ca Kiu Cng Tin, ngi Phong Chu,

Ph Th.Nm 937, Kiu Cng Tin git Dng nh Ngh, nm ly quyn bnh, t xng l Tit

s. Kiu Cng Hn cng cha l Kiu Cng Chun khng theo Kiu Cng Tin m Kiu Cng Chun

mang con nh l Kiu Cng nh v Phong chu, cn Kiu Cng Hnmang qun vo chu i

theo Ng Quyn. Sau khi nh Ng suy yu, ng xy thnh Ph Lp (Ph Th) tr thnh mt

tng thi 12 s qun. Nm 967 s qun Kiu Cng Hn b inh B Lnh nh dp.

Theo thn ph th tng cng th sau khi ln ngi Thin Sch Vng Ng Xng Ngp

xung chiu phong thng cho cc cng thn, trong Kiu Cng Hn lm Th s Phong Chu,

trn th Ty Bc.

Theo thn tch nh Mai Phc thuc thn Mai Phc, x Gia Thu, huyn Gia Lm, thnh ph H

Ni th Thnh hong l Xun Vinh i vng v Lun Nng cng cha th hai anh em Xun Vinh

v Lun Nng tp hp trai trng trong lng thnh i dn binh v tng nh bi qun ca

Nguyn Khoan, mt v s qun ct c vng T Giang; sau , hai anh em Xun Vinh em qun

v Hoa L v c inh B Lnh giao nhim v nh dp s qun Kiu Cng Hn, kt cc Kiu

Cng Hn b chm cht.

Mt ti liu khc li cho rng vo nm 967, Kiu Cng Hn b tht trn phi chy qua vng An

L (Ngha An Nam Trc) th b th ho Nguyn Tn em dn binh n tp kch chm trng c.

Kiu Cng Hn x la qun ly c, chy v n vng t Hip Lut th dng li qun b hng

nc. B hng nc dng gi c trm cho ng n, n xong ng hi: B thng th ny c sng

c khng? B hng nc ch vo ng t cao gn ni: y l ni ngh tt lnh cho tng

cng . Kiu Cng Hn bc ra, ci o nm xung ng t ri ha. Dn lng Hip Lut trng

thy s hi b i. Dn lng Bi Dng ly chiu ra p. Sng hm sau, mi n thnh m che kn

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khp ngi. Nhn dn gi l m thin tng. Ngi dn y ngh rng Kiu Cng Hn l ngi

cng qu nn rt chn nhang m vo n th. Sau ny c 4 lng Bi Dng, Tang Tr, C Lng,

Hip Lut cng th nhng phi tn lng Bi Dng l c, Tang Tr l th nh, C Lng th ba v

em t l Hip Lut.

Hin nay Kiu Cng Hn c th ti n Gin (xa c tn l Nam Phong t t)

thucxm Chin, thn Hip Lut, x Nam Dng, huyn Nam Trc, tnh Nam nh. Ngoi ra, n

cn th b hng nc Phm Th Oanh trong mt ngi n nh ngoi cng n v 12 h: 6 h lp

p v 6 h k thnh. Xa kia n ch lm t l t mng 2 n mng 6 thng Chp nhn ngy chnh

k ca c t lp lng (5-12). n thi L, Kiu Cng Hn c phong lm thnh hong, k ngy 10

thng Chp nn l hi lng c ko di n ngy 12 thng chp.

28.Phm Hp

Phm Hp (?-979) l mt v tng ng thi cng l mt trong nhng v quan trung thnh

vi vua inh Tin Hong. ng ngi lng Tr Hng, nay l lng Thu Tr, x Nam Trung, huyn

Nam Sch, tnh Hi Dng.

Phm Hp sinh ra trong mt gia nh c truyn thng v ngh. ng ni l Phm Chim ([4]), gi

chc ng gip tng qun i Ng Quyn. Cha l Phm Mn, lm tham chnh c i

Nam tn vng Ng Xng Vn, m l Trn Th Hng. ng b c 8 ngi con, 5 trai, 3 gi u

hin t.

Ngay t nh Phm Hp t r t cht thng minh, c ch ln, vn v u thu hiu. ng

thng cng em trai lPhm C Lng em tin ca chiu d mi ngi, mua nga luyn qun.

Khi inh B Lnh dy binh dp lon 12 s qun, Phm Hp cng em trai em hn 2000 ngi,

nga t qu nHoa L ph inh B Lnh.

Nm Mu thn 968, dp xong lon 12 s qun, inh B Lnh ln ngi Hong , Phm Hp

c phong chc quan thn cn ca vua.

Nm 979, vua inh v Nam vit vng Lin b st hi, inh Ton mi 6 tui c lp ln ngi.

Cc i thn inh in, Nguyn Bc v Phm Hp thy uy quyn ca Ph vng L Hon qu ln

bn khi binh chng L Hon nhng c ba tng nhanh chng b L Hon dp tan.Phm Hp b L

Hon x t. Tuy vy, em trai ng l Phm C Lng vn c L Hon tin dng lm tng di

quyn.

Cng c ti liu khc cho rng Phm Hp lm v y i nh inh, sau khi thy L Hon ln ngi

vua thay nh inh, cng inh in, Nguyn Bc dy binh chng li nhng khng c, b bt v

kinh s. Nh c ch rut (Phm Bch H) v em trai (Phm C Lng) nn ng khng b L Hon

git. ng v qu Tr Hng, h hng thn thch lu tn i u c, ng cng mt s ngi ng

thuyn, ri Tr Hng i theo dng sng Th Chn (Nam Sch giang), qua sng Luc v ph Hin

ri theo sng Hng ra vng ven bin n v sinh c lp nghip , l tng Kin Lao, x Kin

Lao, huyn Giao Thy, ph Xun Trng, nay l thn 1, x Xun Tin, huyn Xun Trng, tnh

Nam nh.

V ng l T Hip. Hai ng b c hai con trai l C v ng. B T Hip mt ngy 19

thng 5. Phm Hp mt ngy 12/5 m lch.

Theo sch Tng ph k yu tn bin ca Phm Cn Sn dn gia ph h Phm, ng l t 8 i

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ca tng Phm Ng Lo thi nh Trn.

29.Tam v Nguyn soi i vng Cao Hin

Thn tch ca nh So thuc x Cng Ho, huyn Quc Oai, thnh ph H Ni k li rng: "Vo

nm Nhm Thn (932), lng Vn T, huyn Gia nh, ph Thun An, x Kinh Bc c v chng

ng Cao Hin v b L Th sng bng ngh chi li trn sng. ng b tu nhn tch c, chuyn

lm vic thin cu ngi vy m ngoi tui ng tun, vn cha c con ni di. Mt hm, ng b

sm hng hoa n ngi miu thing trn t Long Sn thuc a u trang Sn L cu t. Cm

tm lng thnh knh, Thy thn cho con mnh u thai vo nh h Cao. n ngy, ngi m sinh

ra mt bc n ra ba ngi con trai khi ng tun t. Hm vo ngy mng 8 thng hai nm Qu t

(933). Cha m rt yu qu t tn c ba ngi l Hin. Ln ln c ba anh em u tinh thng vn v.

Lc by gi c lon 12 s qun, cha m u qua i, ba anh em lin ra gip inh B Lnh, mt

ngi lm Ch huy s, mt lm y, v mt lm Hiu y, tt c u lm tng cm qun i nh

dp.

Vt sng Thanh Quyt, cc ng nh thnh Thng V, vy thnh Bo , nh thnh Qun

(x Lip Tuyt, huyn Quc Oai) ri ng n doanh Sn L Trang. Mt hm bng c tin inh

B Lnh b vy hm Bi Kh, tnh th v cng nguy cp, lp tc ba ng mang qun i gii vy.

Dn trang Sn L mang bn bnh ng h, li chn 300 trng inh i theo cc ng lm thn t. Vo

trn, ba anh em t xung hu t chm c chnh tng Thanh Long v hng vn s tt, gii

thot cho inh B Lnh. Thng trn, cc ng tr v trang Sn L, m tru t co tri t, cng cc

b lo m tic khao thng qun s. Nhng cc ng trang Sn L khng lu. Bng mt hm c

di la s xung doanh tri ri bay i, t pht sau, ba ng cng ha, l ngy mng 10 thng

chp nm Mu thn (968). c tin, vua inh v cng thng xt, lnh cho dn Sn L xy n th

phng v phong c ba v l Nguyn soi i vng.

30.m hong thi hu

Theo cun thn ph ([5]) c lu truyn miu v nh Lc Th (x c Lp, huyn Hng H,

tnh Thi Bnh) vit: Miu th Quc mu Thim Nng Hong thi hu. Vn dy c khi ngha

Hoa L, khi thy lc lng mnh, inh B Lnh ri y i dp lon s qun, khi xut qun c

em theo thn mu l Thim Nng, tc m Th, c ti cung kim.

Thn ph vit: Thn mu b Thim nht c trm ri ri c mang sinh ra b Thim. Lc sinh

b nh ho quang sng rc khp c nh. Sau b ln ln ly chng l inh Cng Tr, sinh ra inh

B Lnh. B Thim vn c ti v ngh, Sn Nam cng cc s qun giao chin ph tr cho

inh B

Lnh..

Sau khi v vi s qun Trn Lm K B Hi Khu, inh B Lnh cng cc tng inh

in, Nguyn Bc, Lu Cng, St Cng, Phm Thnh v ng n Doanh u (trang Thy Th)

nhm ngn s qun Phm Bch H ang chim gi t ng Chu (nay thuc Kim ng, Hng

Yn). ng lu thn mu li trang Thy Th, dn qun i nh dp. Khi sp xng vng, ng cho

ngi v trang Thy Th rc m nhng do m nng, b khng v Hoa L c v mt ti . Vua

inh cho lnh tng b ngay ni Doanh u xa. Huyt su 1 trng 2 thc (khong 4,8m),

ly t lp ln, ri sc cho dn lng lp miu trn th t. Ri lnh min gim t, thu cho

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dn Thy Th, ngoi cn cp 51 mu rung v cho 4 ht bc dn lng canh tc, ly hoa li

phng th n nhang, coi gi miu ng, lu truyn mun i sau. Vua cn lnh cho 4 tng

inh in, Phm Thnh, Lu C, St Cng chiu m dn chng bo v Hong lng m a.

Cn c thn ph th khi L Thi T ln ngi ban tng du hiu cho b l inh triu Quc

mu nhn t Thim Hong thi hu Trang huy Dc bo trung hng thng ng thn. Qua thn

ph bit c b sinh ngy 15/8; ha ngy 10/10.

V m hong thi hu, xin xem thm Ngc ph nh Bn(M Thng, M Lc) ti phn vit v

cc nhn vt Phng Gia, Cao Mc, o Nng trong bi vit ny.

31.Cng cha Lin Hoa

Nu nh inh Lin l ngi ni bt nht trong s cc con trai ca inh B Lnh th ngi c

cng nht trong s nhng ngi con gi ca vua l cng cha Lin Hoa.

Theo thn tch ti n Trm Nh (nay thuc x Qung Lng, huyn n Thi, tnh Hng Yn) th

cng cha Lin Hoa do b ng Th, v c ca inh B Lnh sinh ra. Truyn rng mt m n,

ng Th c gic m l l c mt b lo phc hu dt ra tm ao sen thm ngt ri b mt bng

sen trao cho, ng Th mang bng sen v n nh th ha ra mt b gi nm trong bc ct ting

khc oe oe. Git mnh tnh gic, t ng Th c mang, vo ngy 12/11 nm inh du sinh mt b

gi, mt nh hoa o, mt trong nh ngc, mi son m phn, phong thi khc thng, bn t tn

l Lin Hoa (hoa sen). Nm Lin Hoa ln 12 tui th m mt, c inh B Lnh dy xem binh php,

tp kim cung, chng bao lu ni danh l n trung ho kit. n khi inh B Lnh khi binh nh

cc s qun, ng cho Lin Hoa i theo.

Trong s cc s qun, lc lng ca s qun Cnh Thc ng giang rt mnh, s

qun ny l ngi tr dng mu lc; nh dp Cnh Thc, inh B Lnh em mt lc lng

ln n giao chin, v sau nhiu trn bt phn thng bi, inh B Lnh quyt nh chia qun i tin

cng cc s qun khc, giao n tri Trm Nh li cho cng cha Lin Hoa qun lnh, cm c vi

lc lng ca Cnh Thc chu Xch ng (nay thuc a phn thn Xch ng, phng Lam

Sn, TP Hng Yn).

Qun ca inh B Lnh i n u, cc s qun ngi th hng phc, k th b nh bi, th

mnh nh ch tre, uy danh chn ng. Cui cng ch cn bn s qun ln, inh B Lnh sai L

Hon i nh Kiu Thun Hi H (nay thuc Cm Kh, Ph Th); inh in, Nguyn Bc nh

Kiu Cng Hn Bch Hc (nay thuc Phong Chu, Ph Th); Phm Tr, Thch nh Nguyn

Khoan Vnh M (nay thuc huyn Vnh Tng, Vnh Phc), cn ng ch thn dn cc con l inh

Lin, inh Du em qun nh Cnh Thc. Trong khi cc tng nhanh chng bnh nh, dp

c ba s qun kia th Cnh Thc da vo cung thnh chc chn v ho su bao quanh

chng tr quyt lit. Hai bn giao tranh hn mt nm, sau inh B Lnh mi h c thnh,

Cnh Thc b trng tn cht; l nm inh mo 967.

Tuy nhin trc , cha con inh B Lnh sut na tht trn khi trong mt trn nh ln, b qun

ca Cnh Thc bao vy, may nh Lin Hoa n cu mi chuyn bi thnh thng. By gi mt

s qun k binh thot c vng vy chy v n Trm Nh cp bo cho Lin Hoa, nng lp tc hi

qun. m y Lin Hoa nm m thy mt ngi t xng l Hng V i vng, vng mnh thin

nh xung gip cha con h inh. Sm hm sau, tnh dy cho l im tt, Lin Hoa ra lnh xut

Lc Hoa Vin

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qun, dn binh phu Trm Nh v 3000 qun bn b chia lm hai ng thy b cng tin. Nng

mt ao mt nga dn u on qun xng thng n vng vy dy c ca Cnh Thc tung

honh dng mnh, vo trn nh vo ch khng ngi, gip cho thn ph v anh vt khi vng

vy. Sau nng li cng cha anh hp binh nh mt trn ln khin cho Cnh Thc thua to,

cht trn t Cao ng.

Sau khi dp ht c cc s qun, nm Mu thn 968 inh B Lnh ln ngi hong , cng

cha Lin Hoa c ban cho t Trm Nh lm thc p.

Mc d sng trong cung vng in ngc nhng Lin Hoa cm thy khng ph hp, ch mun

c sng mt cuc sng bnh d bn nhng ngi dn hin hu, cht phc nn xin v Trm Nh

lp miu th Hng V i vng cho dn chng hng khi ri ri cung in Hoa L n doanh

tri Trm Nh. Bit nh ca con, inh Tin Hong khng n chi t. Nghe tin cng cha n bn

trang, ngi dn Trm Nh sung sng, vui mng nhy ma, h cng nhau lm l cho n rt

trng th.

T , Lin Hoa li vi dn, khuyn h xa ri vic c, khuyn khch lm vic thin, chm lo

vic cy cy lm rung, trng du nui tm lm cho cuc sng ca dn chng a phng ngy mt

m no, thnh vng. Cng cha li lm biu tu v triu xin vi vua cha cho h c min mt thi

gian cc khon binh dng, t thu, tp dch c inh Tin Hong ph chun. Nhn dn Trm Nh

hn hoan, bit n tn gi cng cha l c Vua B.

Cuc sng ang bnh yn, vui v c th tri i, bng nhin vo thng 10 nm K mo 979 tin d

t Hoa L n bo cho cng cha bit vua cha v inh Lin b mt vin ni quan tn l Thch

st hi. Cng cha Lin Hoa bn bc cng vi cc i thn trong triu mt mt cho qun truy bt

nhng k cn ln trn, mt mt phng con chu cc s qun trc y b nh bi s bo th,

m tm cch cp xc, t ph lng vua inh nn b mt lm hai c quan ti gi ca inh Tin

Hong v inh Lin t lu i Vn cc triu thn v dn chng n iu phng t l. Cn

quan ti c t xc vua v con trai c t ti mt hang ln trong hong thnh, c lnh canh

nghim mt (hang ny i sau gi l hang Qun, nay thuc a phn x Trng Yn, huyn Hoa

L, Ninh Bnh). Ti ngy an tng vua, c 10 c xe nga chm rng, bn trong u ch quan ti, t

hong cung chy i 10 hng nn khng ai bit ni chn ct cha con vua inh u.

c s ng h ca Thi hu Dng Th v lc lng qun s do tng Phm C Lng ch

xng, L Hon ln ngi hong lp ra triu Tin L. Trc tnh cnh chnh trng Hoa L

chao o, thay i nhanh chng, cng cha Lin Hoa cm thy bt lc khng th lm g c c

th xoay chuyn tnh th. Cng cha em theo my ngi hu thn tn tr v trang Trm Nh lu li

t ngy ri li ra i rong chi thm th thin h, lm bn vi gi ngn ng ni bao la, bt ngt.

Mt hm cng cha n ni Kim Nhan, x K Trng, ph c Quang chu Hoan (nay thuc

huyn Anh Sn, tnh Ngh An), khi ln n nh ni bng tri t ti tm, sm n gi thi, gia ban

ngy m m mt. Trong khong thin nhin d thng , dng nh c ting n ht vo von t

trn khng vng xung, trong my gi nh n hin hnh nh ca t linh long, ly, quy, phng, ng

lc y cng cha lin ha, hm l ngy mng 4 thng 5.

Ngi dn Trm Nh c tin thng xt lm t l long trng, li nh n c nn lp n th

trn dinh tri c ca cng cha, vit thn hiu trong bi v l c vua B Lin Hoa cng cha.

Lc Hoa Vin

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n i L, vua L Thi T gia phong du hiu l c vua B Lin Hoa cng cha Trang Thc

Thun M trung ng phc thn. Hin nay, hng nm ngi dn Trm Nh m hi tng nim vo

hai ngy 4/5 v 12/11 m lch, l ngy sinh v ngy ha ca cng cha Lin Hoa.

(Cn tip)

Ngy 3 Thng 6 Nm 2014

Phan B Lng (2/16)

([1]) Hai nhn vt Hong Sn Tr v Hong Sn Khung v cha tm ra hnh trng nn tm thi chung vi Hong

Th u, sau ny tm c s tch ring.

([2]) S ph vit s qun ng Chu l Phng Yt, ti sa li cho ph hp l Phng t (tc Phm Bch H)

([3]) Xem phn vit v nhn vt inh Nga trong bi vit ny.

([4]) Xin xem thm cc mc vit v Phm Lnh Cng (Phm Chim), Phm Mn, Phm Bch H, v Phm C Lng

trong bi ny.

([5])Sc phong, thn tch, ngc ph do ng cc i hc s Nguyn Bnh phng son vo ngy 1 thng Ging nm

Hng Phc 1 (1572). n nm Vnh Hu 2 (1736) ngy lnh thng 11, qun coi nh Gim bch thn, lnh hm Thiu

khanh in Hng Lnh, tin s Nguyn Hin phng sao theo bn chnh ban cp cho dn Thy Th th t.

NHN VT THI 12 S QUN (3 - Tip theo)

Th su, 20 Thng 6 2014 09:41

32.o Lin Hoa

ng qu H Trung, ph Thit Trung, tnh Thanh Ho. Cha l o Lam, m l Nguyn Th Hu;

v him mun, hai ng b n tn n trn ni ca Thn Ph (Nga Sn, Thanh Ho) cu t,

sau sinh c mt con trai t tn l Lin Hoa (tc hoa sen).

Lc cn nh o Lin Hoa t ra rt hiu hc, thc khuya dy sm, ni ting l thn ng x

Thanh. Nm o Lin Hoa 15 tui, ng xin cha cho i tm thy hc hi. ng n thn Hi Ph,

qun V Ninh, ph T Sn, o Bc Ninh xin hc v lm con nui Nguyn tin sinh. Khi bit ng

Hoa L c inh B Lnh khi nghip nu cao vic ln dp ct c 12 s qun, Lin Hoa n xin u

qun. inh B Lnh thy Lin Hoa tng mo hin ngang, phc hu, cho th cung, kim, quyn

cc, binh th u gii, vn s lu lu th rt n trng, giao cho lm tng trong qun.

Do c cng lao nh dp, khi inh B Lnh thng nht giang sn, xng , lin phong cho bn

v nh sau:

-inh in lm Nam v i vng

-Nguyn Bc lm ng v i vng

-o Lin Hoa lm Ty v i vng

-Lu Vn c lm Bc v i vng

Sau vua inh Tin Hong c ng (lm chnh s) v Lu Vn c (lm ph s) sang Trung

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Hoa; ng kho lo ly l hn thit lm cho hai bn ho hiu.

Khi qun V Ninh huyn ng Ngn c gic ni ln quy ph, ng vng lnh vua em qun tiu

tr; ng qun Trang Th Li (tc lng Si, nay l x Ph Th, huyn Gia Lm, TP. H Ni). Dp

yn gic, o Lin Hoa dy dn cy cy, trng cy, xy nh ca, gi dn lu tn v lp lng, m

mang t hoang, ni lin cc trang p, dng v, g chng, dn lnh c sng yn vui.

ng mt ngy 25 thng Chp. Cc trang Hi Ph, trang Thit Trung, trang Th Li th ng lm

thnh hong. Nh Trn gia phong lm Thng ng phc thn. Nh Nguyn phong lm Thng

ng phc thn anh linh Ty v i vng.

33.Ph Ha c s i vng, Hong Ha hu bt nguyn soi i tng qun; Qung Ha t

bt nguyn soi i tng qun

nh Tri Knh thc x Knh Giang, huyn Thy Nguyn, thnh ph Hi Phng th 11 v

Thnh hong v Tam v Tin t, trong c ba v thi inh l Ph Ha c s i vng, Hong Ha

hu bt nguyn soi i tng qun, Qung Ha t bt nguyn soi i tng qun. C ba v u

l ngi dn t ni khc n c tr lng Tri Knh, cng vi mt s dn lng u qun gip

vua inh Tin Hong dp lon 12 s qun, khi phc quc gia thng nht. Sau khi ha, c nhn

dn nh n tn th ti nh.

34.Phm Ha

Rt tic hin nay khng thu thp c t liu no v Phm Ha, ngoi mt tin nh Thy Tr,

x Thng t, huyn Nam Sch, tnh Hi Dng th hai v Thnh hong l Phm Chim v Phm

Ha. Xin ghi li b sung sau.

35.L Hon

L Hon(941 980 -1005) ([1]) l v vua u tin ca nh Tin L. ng c nhiu ng gp ln

trong chng qun Tng phng bc, qun Chim phng nam, gi gn v cng c nn c lp dn

tc, xy dng v kin to t nci C Vit.

Xung quanh L Hon cn nhiu iu cha c sng t nh vn thn th, s nghip,

v thy hiu.Thn tch L Hon ti lng vua L, lng ng Lim (H Nam) cho bit ng sinh ra

x Trng Yn, Hoa L, tnh Ninh Bnh. ng ni l L Lc v b ni l Cao Th Phng. Cha l L

Hin, m l ng Th Khit; nh ngho nn v x Ninh Thi, Thanh Lim, H Nam lm ngh chi

li. Ngy mng 10 thng Ging nm Nhm dn (tc 29/1/942) sinh ra ng. Nm ln 7 tui, cha m

qua i sm, L Hon c mt v quan l L t nhn v nui. Truyn thuyt dn gian cng nh

Ngc ph v L Hon ni rng nm 16 tui L Hon rt gii v ngh. Nm 975, ng t Thanh

Ho v thm m ng ni x Bo Thi, huyn Thanh Lim (H Nam); y, nhn dn mi ng

li dy v cho lp trai tr. Nghe tin inh B Lnh em qun dp lon 12 s qun, L Hon n

Hoa L xin theo v lp c nhiu chin cng, inh B Lnhgiao cho ng ch huy 2.000 binh s.

Nm 968, inh B Lnh nh dp xong 12 s qun, thng nht t nc, lp nnnh inh; L Hon

c giao chc v Thp o tng qun, in tin ch huy s, tc chc v tng ch huy qun

i c nc i C Vit ng thi trc tip ch huy i qun cm v ca triu nh Hoa L. Lc

ng mi 27 tui.

Thng 10/979, cha con inh Tin Hong v inh Lin b st hi, inh Ton mi 6 tui ln ngi

vua. L Hon tr thnh Nhip chnh, t do ra vo cung cm. Cc i thn thn cn ca inh Tin

http://www.hophan.net/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1145:nhan-vat-thoi-12-su-quan-3-&catid=113:dat-nuoc&Itemid=199#_ftn1http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A0_Nam

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Hong l inh in, Nguyn Bc, Trnh T, Lu C, Phm Hp ni dy chng li L Hon nhng b

L Hon nhanh chng nh dp, ba ngi u b git.

Thy triu nh Hoa L ri ren, nh Tng bn Trung Hoa c nh cho qun tin vo nh

chim i C Vit. Trc tnh hnh , Thi hu Dng Th cng tng Phm C Lng v cc triu

thn tn L Hon ln lm vua(s gi l L i Hnh), ly tn hiu l Minh Cn ng Vn Thn V

Thng Bnh Ch Nhn Qung Hiu Hong , nin hiu l Thin Phc, quc hiu vn l i C Vit,

ng ti Hoa L, c Phm C Lng, em ca Phm Hp, lm i tng qun.

u nm 981, vua Tng c cc tng Hu Nhn Bo, Trn Khm T, Tn Ton Hng, Triu

Phng Hun, Quch Qun Bin, Lu Trng, Gi Thc, Vng Son cm qun chia hai ng thy

b, qun b i theo ng Lng Sn, cnqun thy th tin vo sng Bch ng. Thng 4/981, qun

ca Hu Nhn Bo n Ngn Sn, Trn Khm T n Ty Kt, Lu Trng n sng Bch ng,

vua t lm tng i chng gic, sai ngi cm cc ngn sng. Ti sng Bch ng, thy qun

Tng b chn nh, chin thuyn b thng bi nhng chic cc sng dy dc, v th qun Tng

khng th tin su vo ni a c. Tn Ton Hng dng qun hn 70 ngy, chn ch khng dm

tin. Hu Nhn Bo th hiu chin hn, t em qun tin theo sng Thng, khi n Chi Lng, L

Hon gi v xin hng nh la Nhn Bo ri phc binh ra nh d di, qun ch hn phn

na b tiu dit. Sau hai trn thng ln Bch ng, Ty Kt, qun L git c Hu Nhn Bo, bt

sng Quch Qun Bin, Triu Phng Hun. Cc tng Trn Khm T, Lu Trng, Gi Thc, Tn

Ton Hng, Vng Son vi vng rt chy v nc.

T khi lp nc, Chim Thnh lin tc tin hnh cc hot ng qun s vi i C Vit. Nm

803, vua Chim sai tng Senapati Par em qun xm phm, vy hm pha nam qun Cu Chn.

Nm 979, qun Chim c Ng Nht Khnh dn ng, t chc lc lng thu qun hng hu

tin nh Hoa L theo ng bin, nhng b tan v v gp bo ca Thn Ph. Nm 982, L Hon

c Ng T Canh v T Mc i s Chim Thnh b vua Chim bt gi. L Hon tc gin, sai ng

chin thuyn, sa binh kh, t lm tng i nh, chm B Mi Thu ti trn. Chim Thnh thua to.

Bt sng c qun s nhiu v k, cng l k n trong cung trm ngi v mt nh s ngi

Thin Trc, ly cc qu em v, thu c vng bc ca bu k hng vn; san phng thnh tr,

ph hy tng miu, va mt nm th tr v kinh s.

L i Hnh khi lm vua cho xy dng nhiu cng trnh, y mnh sn xut nng nghip v th

cng nghip chn hng t nc. ng l v vua m u cho l tch in nhm khuyn khch sn

xut nng nghip di ch phong kin Vit Nam. L i Hnh cng l v vua u tin t chc

o sng, hin vn cn Thanh Ha v l mt di tch lch sdo y l con ng giao thng thu

ni a u tin caVit Nam.

L Hon l ngi m u v xc lp nhng nguyn tc c bn ca nn ngoi giao i Vit.

Nh Tng l triu i phong kin hng mnh nht chu ng thi mang nng t tng bnh

trng phi tng bc tha nhn sc mnh, th lc ca quc gia c lp i C Vit, phong

cho L Hon cc tc v cao nh Giao Ch qun vng, Nam Bnh vng, s thn Tng cn lm

th tn L Hon ti ba khng khc g vua Tng. Vua s dng chnh sch ngoi giao mm do, khn

kho nhng cng quyt. C ln s Tng sang i vua qu nhn sc phong ca vua Tng, i

Hnh ly c b au chn nn khng qu. S Tng khng lm g c. trnh vic n tip s gi

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phin h tn km, L i Hnh cn ngh nc Tng t ln sau hy c s gi a th n a

gii v bo tin, triu nh Hoa L s sai ngi ln bin gii nhn chiu th ca vua Tng. Vua

Tng cng chp thun.

Gia nm 1005, vua bng. ng ngi tt c 26 nm, th 65 tui. t 3 nin hiu:Thin Phc

(980 - 988), Hng Thng (989 - 993), ng Thin (994 - 1005).

L i Hnh c 5 hong hu gm i Thng Minh Hong Hu (Dng Th), Phng Cn Ch L

Hong hu, Thun Thnh Minh o Hong hu, Trnh Quc Hong hu v Phm Hong hu.S

cng chp mt ngi v khc ca ng, sinh cho ng t nht 2 ngi con l L Long Vit v L Long

nh. V sau b c con trai Long nh truy tn hiu l Hng Quc qung thnh Hong thi hu.

L i Hnh c 11 ngi con trai, 1 ngi con nui, u c phong vng, nhng sau khi con

trng l Thu mt (1000), vua L khng sm lp ngi k v. iu gy ra vic tranh ginh

quyn bnh gia cc con ca ng sau ny, l mt trong nhng nguyn nhn dn ti s sp

ca nh Tin L.

i Hnh l mt v vua c ti, dp ni lon, kho bang giao, gi th din cho quc gia khng b

nc ln chn p, l iu khng phi i vua no ca Vit Nam cng lm c.ng t r l mt

ngi ch cng v t, v vic chung ch khng v th on ring, ng git Phm Hp nhng li trng

dng em Phm Hp l Phm C Lng, thng ti chc thi y ch huy qun i. Con ca Nguyn

Bc, mt ngi cng b git vi Phm Hp l Nguyn cng c ct nhc lm quan v ca nh

Tin L. Ngoi ra, cc i thn tng l bn thn ca Tin Hong nh Trnh T, Lu C, hai ngi

nm trong b t "in, Bc, T, C" theo vua inh t ngy hn vi cng c i Hnh trng dng,

khng v l do "cng b ng" vi Nguyn Bc v inh in m kim c tr kh hay sa thi hai

ngi ny. Chnh nh chnh sch dng ngi khoan dung, trng ti nng khng v tnh ring khin

ng quy t c nhn tm, cng c sc mnh trong nc, vt qua c kh khn trong thi bui

t nc ri ren, lng ngi dao ng khi nam, bc u b uy hip.

Hin nay, L i Hnh c th hn 43 ni, trong c 12 ni th ring, 5 ni phi th vi

b v c l H phu nhn; 2 ni phi th vi Thi hu Dng Th v 21 ni th vi cc v thn

khc). Ninh Bnh l tnh c nhiu di tch th L Hon nht 12 ni; tip theo l Thi Bnh vi 10

ni; H Ni c 10 ni, Nam nh 4 ni, H Nam 3 ni; cc tnhThanh Ha, Hng Yn, Hi

Phng, Hi Dng tm thy 1 ni th.

Ninh Bnh l vng t kinh ca t nc di thi L Hon, cc n th thng tp trung

nhiu khu di tch c Hoa L v pha nam tnh, ni tng truyn vua nh Tng v dp Chim

i qua nh n vua L i Hnh v nh Yn Thnh c Hoa L, nh Trung Tr Ninh Giang

(Hoa L), cc x Yn Lm, Yn Thng v Yn Thi (Yn M), Khnh Ninh v th trn Yn Ninh (Yn

Khnh), ng Bn (Tp Ninh Bnh), Lai Thnh (Kim Sn)...

Thi Bnh l ni din ra trn nh Lc u Giang chin lc trong cuc khng chin chng

Tng ln th nht. iu ny c th gii thch cho vic nhn dn quanh khu vc din ra trn Lc

Giang th cng L Hon, c bit l vng t thuc hai tng Xch Bch v n xa. Cc ni th

tiu biu nh di tch nh v n Vua L i Hnh cc x Chi Lng, Hng H; x Bc Sn, Hng

H; x Thi Thnh huyn Thi Thu; x Qunh Sn huyn Qunh Ph; x Qunh trang huyn Qunh

Ph,...

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Cc n th khu vc H Ni u tp trung ven sng Nhu, trong H ng 4 ni, Thanh

Tr 3 ni x T Thanh Oai v Hu Ha, Sn Ty 2 ni v ng Ha 1 ni nh Thanh Dng x

ng Tin.

Cc thn tch, thn sc ti Hi Dng, Hi Phng - ni din ra trn Bch ng nm 981 cho

thy cc tng ca ng c th rt nhiu ni v trong thn tch, thn sc ca h c m t li

nhng chin cng ca L Hon ti khu vc ny. n Vua L i Hnh Hi Dng c xy dng

ti x An Lc, huyn Ch Linh. Ti th trn Minh c (Thy Nguyn, Hi Phng) cng c n ring

th Vua L i Hnh, n c xy dng ngay ti khu vc ni Trng Knh, ng ba sng Bch

ng, ni din ra i thng ma xun 981.

36.Nguyn c Hc, Nguyn c Long

Thn ph Nhu Kh ghi x Nhu Kh c Nguyn c Long, Nguyn c Hc tham gia i

qun ca inh B Lnh. Anh em c Long, c Hc cng 30 ngi thuc 5 h Nguyn, Trn,

Hong, Bi, Mai lc u theo v vi Trn Lm nhng n khi inh B Lnh nm gi binh quyn, li

ht lng t nguyn ph t ng. Nh c cng thu phc c s qun Phm Bch H v nh dp

s qun Cnh Thc m Nguyn c Long c phong lm Hng trn tam k giang chu tng

qun, Nguyn c Hc c phong l Nhu Kh mc trung du tit tng qun.... Dn lng Nhu

Kh dng sinh t th Trn Lm v hai ng c Long, c Hc. Trong n th, v hiu ca Trn

Lm c t trn v di l v hiu ca hai ng. Khi cc ng mt, dn lng sa n tc tng v

thng xuyn hng khi.

37.Phm Bch H

Phm Bch H (910-972) cn c tn Phm Phng t, l v tng cc triu Ng, inh v l mt

trong 12 s quncui thi nh Ng trong lch s Vit Nam. ng l ngi Nam Sch, Hi Dng.

Cha ng l Phm Lnh Cng (Phm Chim), anh ng l Phn Mn, hai chu gi ng bng ch

l Phm Hp v Phm C Lng u l nhng danh tng thi Ng, inh.

Phm Bch H tng lm ho trng t ng Chu, theo gip Dng nh Ngh. Nm Tn

mo 931, ng gip ch tng nh ui L Tin, th s Giao Chu v sau nh bi Trn Bo do

Lu Nghim l vua nh Nam Hn c sang cu vin. Dng nh Ngh xng tit s, dng Phm

Bch H lm nha tng.

Nm inh du 937, Phm Bch H em 1.000 qun n hp binh vi Ng Quyn ti thnh

Gia Vin, c Ng Quyn tin yu, giao nm binh quyn. Khi Kiu Cng Tin git Dng nh

Ngh, Phm Bch H em 5.000 qun theo Ng Quyn v thnh i La, tiu dit Kiu Cng

Tin mt k phn phc nh m mu cu cu qun Nam Hn ang lm le xm lc nc ta.

Phm Bch H gp cng ln cng ch tng Ng Quyn trong chin thng lch s nm Mu

tut 938, nh tan qun Nam Hn trn sng Bch ng, m ra thi k c lp ca dn tc sau gn

1.000 nm Bc thuc.

Khi vua Ng Quyn mt (nm Gip thn 944), Dng Tam Kha cp ngi. ng gip Ng

Xng Vn (con trai th ca Ng Quyn) ot li ngi vua, xng l Hu Ng Vng. Nm 965, khi

Hu Ng Vng mt, cc ho kit c nc cng ni ln ct c, Phm Bch H trn gi vng

ca bin sng Hng, ca ng quan trng vo thnh i La, cai qun mt vng t ai rng ln,

gip nhn dn khai khn t hoang, t bi sn xut nng nghip. Phm Bch H l mt th

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lnh trong 12 s qun ct c vng ng Chu lc by gi.

Khi inh B Lnh mang qun nh dp cc s qun khc, u nm 966, Phm Bch H mang

qun v hng inh B Lnh, c phong lm Thn v i tng qun.

Vua inh b hi, Thiu nh inh cn nh tui, nh Tng li lm le xm lc nc ta, tng s

tn Thp o tng qun L Hon ln ngi Hong . Thn v i tng qun Phm Bch H

tu vi vua xin c cng ng vic tr liu qun lng. Vua L i Hnh lo ng tui cao, Phm

Bch H khng khi p: Thn lc trng nin theo Tin Ng Vng nh gic Nam Hn c cht

cng lao, nay tuy tui cao, nhng mi ba cn n ht vi u go, rong rui trn mnh nga c ngy

khng mt, gn ct cn mnh h s g qun Bc Tng. Vua khen ng l ngi dng kh, phong lm

Bnh Tng liu lng quan, mang qun bn b ra ng vng Thin Bn tr liu qun lng.

Ngy 16/11 nm Nhm thn 972, Phm Bch H mt ti qu nh, th 62 tui. Vua L sc

cho nhn dn lp n th, phong tng ng l: Khai thin h quc ti linh thn.

Theo thn ph th tng cng th sau khi ln ngi Thin Sch Vng Ng Xng Ngp

xung chiu phong thng cho cc cng thn, trong Phm Bch H lm Thi th ng Chu,

trn th ng Nam.

Phm Bch H c nhn dn ngng m lp n, th phng ng nhiu ni, nhng ln hn

c l n My thuc thn ng Chu, phng Lam Sn, thnh ph Hng Yn, tnh Hng Yn, ni

sinh ra ng.

Hng nm, l hi n My c t chc hai thi im khc nhau: Thng Ging t ngy mng

8 n ngy 16 (m lch) l l hi k nim ngy sinh; t ngy 12 n ngy 18 thng 11 m lch l l

hi k nim ngy mt ca tng qun Phm Bch H. Nhng nm gn y, khi thnh ph Hng

Yn khi phc l hi vn ha dn gian Ph Hin th l hi n My cn c t chc vo thng 3

m lch hng nm, trong chui l hi dn gian Ph Hin.

Nhng c mt n Vua My khc (thuc thn i , x i An, huyn V Bn, tnh Nam nh)

c gi tr khng nh v lch s - vn ha, cng th v tng ti ny li c nguy c mai mt dn nu

khng c phc dng.

c bit tm bia n th Khai thin trn quc huyn hong i vng khc nm 1649 vn cn

gi c nguyn vn ti n Vua My c Vin Kho c hc nh gi l mt pht hin ca

ngnh kho c nm 1998. Bn cnh , ngi dn i cng gi c tm kim ph bng ng

ghi li nhng iu dn d ca qun cng V Vn Thim trc khi mt v 14 o sc phong nguyn

bn ca 3 qun cng h V.

Mt vn bn quan trng khc cng ni ln gi tr lch s-vn ha ca n Vua My tm quc

gia m n nay nh nc vn cn lu gi li c. l 2 bn thn tch (th hin cng trng,

thnh tch) v 6 bn thn sc (sc phong) ca tng Phm Bch H bng ch Hn hin ang lu

gi ti Vin Nghin cu Hn Nm; bn thn tch, thn sc bng ch quc ng ca cc c qun

cng h V cng c lu gi ti Vin Thng tin Khoa hc x hi.

38.Dng Huy

Vit s lc, phn ch thch, ghi: Theo i Vit s k (q.7, 13a) th nm Bnh dn 966, Nam

Tn Vng mt, Tham mu l Ng S Bnh (c ch chp l Ng ng Bnh), Th s Phong Chu

Kiu Tri Hu, Th s V Ninh Chu Dng Huy, v nha tng Cnh Thc tranh nhau lm vua,

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trong nc lon to, ch no cng c, u chim c huyn p, nh thn tnh nhau .

39.L Vit Hng, L Vit Quang

nh lng Ngc Uyn th hai c thnh hong lng l L Vit Hng v L Vit Quang. Ngc

ph v truyn thuyt li cho bi