leadership

Engineering Management

LeadershipLecture # 8

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Leadership

What is a leader?

How leader differs from a manager?

Can leadership be learned?

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Leadership

Like all other areas “there are some people who are more able than others”

However, performance of so called born leaders can be improved by training

And mediocre leaders can learn to become good leaders

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Leadership

Natural circumstances create leader (e.g., at the onset of fire - temporary leaderships)

Industrial situations are different (sustained leaderships - Team work is important)

Most teams want to be lead; not managed

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Leadership

Leaders can appear and disappear Leaders change their

characteristics Team members change Attitude change Situation changes

As a result existing leader is replaced by a new one

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The manager and the leader

It is important that manager is also a leader

If the manager is ineffectual;1. informal leaders will spring up2. who will challenge the

manager’s position3. creating a team within a team

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In such situations, manager has four options;

1. Get rid of the informal leader (someone else will be chosen as informal leader by the team)

2. Undermine the informal leader 3. Try to divide the group (so as to diminish

the power of informal leader - team will stay loyal to informal leader)

4. Come to terms with informal leader (to supplement the deficiencies in the manager’s ability only sensible solution, formal and informal leaders must work together for success)

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Managers have the authority of their formal position – power is given to them by the company

Leaders have the authority of the influence over the team given to them by the team members

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Good leaders are not necessarily good managers

May be very good at inspiring the team

Could be poor at organizing and achieving the tasks set for the team

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Good managers are usually good leaders (since leadership skill is one of the fundamental requirement of the management)

Leaders are insiders – part of team

Managers will be outsiders if they are not good leader

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Leaders do not always set out consciously to be the leader of the team; they are elected by the team members

Managers on the other hand become managers by design

Management is a profession; leadership is not

A leader inspires the team to achieve goals

manager can only help the team by traditional methods such as resources and training

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Manager a collaborator draws on the strengths of the

team to achieve joint goals which are;

relatively short term targets with defined beginning and measurable end results

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Leaders give the team its purpose, (enabling it to

understand why it exists as a team - the purpose or mission of the team must also be clearly defined)

with no measurable beginning or end it may change with the time purpose enables team members to share

the same vision a good leader, like a good manager works

through the team to achieve its goals or aims

organizational aims need to be balanced with individuals aims

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Leadership

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Leadership Theories

Importance of leadership in all aspects of human behaviors

Methods - which can be used for identifying leadership qualities

If such a method can be found, then those could be used for finding future leaders

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Leadership Theories

Best One-dimensional model was proposed by

Douglas McGregor (1960);Theory X & Theory Y

X & Y being selected not to indicate good or bad styles

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Leadership Theories

Theory X manager believes that people; work only for monetary gain are motivated by fear do not want any responsibility want to be given detailed instructions

Theory Y manager believes that people; are motivated by the achievements want to have freedom to act according to their own

judgment resent close supervision

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Stages in the relationship of new team members

Dependant stage; dependent on the team leader and other established members of the team, learning new skills and getting used to the environment; learn by following others

Independent stage; acquired sufficient knowledge and experience to work by themselves; good manager will ensure that their teams continue to learn

Interdependent stage; in this stage good manager becomes team’s leader

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Stages in the relationship of new team members

leadership

Education