Leadership Defined

Leadership is the ability to influence, lead, or guide others so as to accomplish a mission in the

manner desired by providing purpose, direction, and motivation.

Purpose gives others a reason for why they should do something.

Direction gives others the “knowledge” to complete the task.

Motivation gives others the will to do what they are capable of doing.

Leadership Primary and Secondary Objectives

Primary- Accomplish the mission

Secondary- Troop welfare

Core Values – Honor, Courage, and Commitment

Honor is the quality that guides Marines to exemplify ethical and moral behavior.

Courage is a mental quality that recognizes fear of danger or criticism, but enables a leader to proceed in the face of it

with calmness and firmness.

Commitment means the dedication to carry out all unit tasks and to serve the values of the country, the MCJROTC, and

the unit.

Leadership Traits – (JJ DID TIE BUCKLE)

Judgment is the ability to consider all of the factors of a problem or situation. It is then up to the leader to make a correct

decision.

Justice is being fair and even in your decisions, and impartiality should be your watchword.

Dependability is being known to perform duties in a proper manner.

Initiative is the ability, or presence of mind, to take action in the absence of any clearly defined orders.

Decisiveness is that quality that allows an individual to take swift and firm action.

Tact is the ability to deal with others without creating offense.

Integrity is being honest and upright, truthful in actions and words.

Enthusiasm is showing interest and exuberance in the performance of duties.

Bearing is creating a favorable impression by your appearance. You should carry yourself well, and always act in a

manner becoming to an officer.

Unselfishness is putting the comfort and advancement of others ahead of your own.

Courage is that mental quality that allows you to face fear and to overcome it, physical or moral.

Knowledge is technical and tactical knowledge that will help accomplish tasks.

Loyalty is the quality of faithfulness to country, organizations, seniors, subordinates and peers.

Endurance is the ability to deal with hardships, both physical and mental.

Leadership Principles

Leadership Principles You Apply to Yourself

- Know yourself and seek self-improvement

- Make sound and timely decisions

- Set the example

- Be technically and tactically proficient

- Seek responsibility and take responsibility for your actions

Leadership Principles You Apply to Others

- Know your subordinates

- Keep your subordinates informed

- Train your subordinates as a team

- Develop a sense of responsibility among your subordinates

Leadership Principles You Apply to Group Functions

- Employ your command in accordance with its capabilities

- Ensure the task is understood, supervised, and accomplished

The Lamp of Learning device used in the cadet enlisted rank insignia signifies intensive study, a source of intellect, and

moral and spiritual illumination.

Components of the Marine Emblem – Eagle, Globe and Anchor.

Eagle: Symbol of our Nation

Globe: Worldwide Service

Anchor: Naval Traditions / Ties

Birthday – November 10, 1775

Birthplace of the Marine Corps – Tun Tavern in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

First Commandant of the Marine Corps – Samuel Nicholas was the first officer commissioned in the Marine Corps and

is therefore given credit for being the first commandant; however, the first official commandant, appointed by President

John Adams was William Ward Burrows.

Name of the Marine Officer sword – The Mameluke Sword which was presented to Lt. Presley O’Bannon in 1805

during the Barbary Wars.

Significance of Lt. Presley O’Bannon – Led the charge against the Barbary Pirates fortress of Derna (Tripoli). After

taking the fort, he raised the American flag which was the first time the American flag was raised in the Old World.

“Grand Old Man of the Marine Corps” – Archibald Henderson who served the longest term as Commandant (1820 –

1859).

First Marine Amphibious landing – Capt Nicholas led the first landing party in 1776 at New Providence Island in the

Bahamas.

First Marine Aviator (aka. Father of Marine Corps Aviation) – Lt Alfred E. Cunningham

First Female Marine – Opha Mae Johnson enlisted in 1918.

First Marine Recruiter – Capt Robert Mullen

First Marine to receive the Medal of Honor – Cpl John Mackie

13th Commandant of the Marine Corps – General John A. Lejeune

Oldest Post in the Marine Corps – 8th & I

Origin of the term “Devil Dogs” – Belleau Wood was a World War I battle (1-26 Jun 1917) where Americans fought the

Germans at Bois de Belleau in France. The Marines attacked the German forces across an open wheat field. Casualties

were high and much of the fighting was hand to hand, but the Marines prevailed and secured Belleau Wood. The

Germans so respected the Marines for their tenacity in combat that they called them “Teufel hunden” or “Devil Dogs.”

Teufel hunden were the vicious, wild, and ferocious mountain dogs of Bavarian folklore.

Origin of the term “Leatherneck” – The nickname “Leatherneck” originated from the wide and stiff leather

neck-piece that was part of the Marine Corps uniform from 1798 until 1872. This leather collar, called the stock,

was roughly three inches high and had two purposes. In combat, it protected the neck and jugular vein from

being cut by the blades of enemy swords. On parade, it kept a Marine's head erect.

Origin of the Marine Blood stripe – During the Mexican-American War, the Marines attacked the hill of Fort

Chapultepec beginning on 13 Sept 1847. There was fierce hand to hand fighting while the Marines engaged Santa Anna’s

forces atop Chapultepec. (Chapultepec was 200 ft high and 600 ft long with a 12 foot wall around it. After defeating the

Mexican forces, the Marines attacked into Mexico City and took possession of the National Palace where once had stood

the Halls of Montezuma. This broke the back of the Mexican Army and only token resistance existed after that battle.

Since Marine officers and NCOs sustained an unusually high casualty rate during the battle, Marine Officers and

NCOs began wearing scarlet stripes on their dress pants to commemorate the Marine blood shed at Chapultepec and the

Halls of Montezuma.

Origin of the Quatrefoil on Marine Officer Barracks cover – Quatrefoil refers to a four-pointed decoration on the

top of a warrant or commissioned Marine officer's dress and service cover. The design was first used with

Marine officers on sailing ships so that Marine sharpshooters in the rigging did not shoot their own officers on

the deck during close-quarters gun battles (as when crews of opposing ships attempted to board each other's

ship). An official part of U.S. Marine Corps officer uniforms since 1859, the quatrefoil was initially crossed

pieces of rope sewn into officers' caps before becoming officially mandated as a uniform item.

Origin of the Marine Corps’ Fourragère – The 5th Marine Regiment and the 6th Marine Regiment of the

United States Marine Corps were awarded the fourragère for having earned the Croix de Guerre with palm leaf

three times during World War I. Marines originally earned this award as an individual decoration through their

heroism, bloodshed, and ultimate sacrifice on the fields of Belleau Wood, Soissons, and Champagne. 5th & 6th

Marine Regiments are the only two units still authorized to wear the fourragère.

Name of the Marine Corps Band –“The President’s Own”

Translation of the Marine Corps’ Motto “Semper Fidelis” – Latin for “Always Faithful”

Marine Corps Colors – Scarlet and Gold

Marine Corps Mascot – The English Bulldog. Current mascot is named Private First Class Chesty XIV.

Most Decorated Marine – Lieutenant General Lewis B. “Chesty” Puller. Earned (5) Navy Cross Medals

Two Marines that have been awarded the Medals of Honor twice – Sergeant Major Dan Daly received two Medals of

Honor; the first, as a Private during the Boxer Rebellion and the second as a Gunnery Sergeant during the Spanish

American War. Dan Daly also fought at Belleau Wood during World War I as a First Sergeant. The second Marine to

receive two Medals of Honor is Major General Smedley Butler. His first medal of honor was awarded for actions in Vera

Cruz, Mexico in 1914, and his second was for actions in Haiti in 1915.

USMC Uniform Types – 4 types of uniforms are Dress, Service, Utility and Physical Training.

Know your cadet uniform regulations (Wearing of cover, placement of rank, placement of ribbons, military alignment,

length of belt, length of trousers/skirt, lacing of boots/shoes)

Know the MCJROTC grooming standards (Male: haircut, mustache, fingernails; Female: hair styles, make-up, lipstick,

nail polish and length)

Chain of Command

President of the United States The Honorable Mr. Barack Obama

(Commander in Chief)

Vice President of the United States The Honorable Mr. Joseph Biden

Secretary of Defense The Honorable Mr. Ash Carter

Secret of the Navy The Honorable Mr. Ray Mabus

Commandant of the Marine Corps General Neller

Sergeant Major of the Marine Corps SgtMaj Green

Director, Marine Corps Junior ROTC Mr. Oltman

Director, Marine Corps Junior ROTC Region 4 LtCol Carruth

Senior Marine Instructor Maj Kintzley

Marine Instructor MGySgt Pickering

District 6 Superintendent Dr. Pilch

Northridge High School Principal Ms. Olson

General Orders

1. To take Charge of this post and all government property in view.

2. To walk my post in a military manner, keeping always on the alert, and observing everything that takes place

within sight or hearing.

3. To report all violations of orders I am instructed to enforce.

4. To repeat all calls from posts more distant from the guardhouse than my own.

5. To quit my post only when properly relieved.

6. To receive, obey, and pass on to the sentry who relieves me, all orders from the Commanding Officer, Officer

of the Day, and officers and non-commissioned officers of the guard only.

7. To talk to no one except in the line of duty.

8. To give the alarm in case of fire or disorder.

9. To call the corporal of the guard in any case not covered by instructions.

10. To salute all officers, and all colors and standards not cased.

11. To be especially watchful at night, and during the time for challenging, to challenge all persons on or near my

post, and allow no one to pass without proper authority.

The Role of the Non-Commissioned Officer (LE II-IV)

Five Purposes of the NCO

1. Decentralize Authority

2. Provide Links between commanders and enlisted

3. Provide a senior enlisted advisor for the commander

4. Afford avenues for advancement

5. Recognize and reward outstanding skills

The Role of the Officer (LE II-IV)

1. Always a leader

2. Perform as the decision-maker

3. Responsible for the actions of subordinates

Authority, Responsibility, Accountability (LE II-IV)

Authority- The legitimate power of a leader to direct individuals to take action with the scope of the leader’s position.

Responsibility- The obligation to act or to do a task that has been assigned. Cannot be delegated.

Accountability- The very cornerstone of leadership. Leaders must answer for their actions and accept the consequences.

Leadership Styles (LE III-IV)

1. Authoritarian- Leader tells subordinates what to do and how to do it without consulting others advice or ideas.

a. Time is of the essence

b. Inexperienced subordinates

c. Leader knows each team member’s strengths and weaknesses

d. Leader has the ability and knowledge carry out the task to successful completion 2. Participative- Leader involves the ideas and advice of others. Subordinates are involved in determining the plan.

a. Gives the group a voice in the decision-making process

b. Leader benefits from the ideas, attitudes, and opinions of the group

c. Instills value in subordinates and can positively influence morale

d. The decision will be made by the leader 3. Delegative- Decision-making authority is delegated to a subordinate.

a. Decision-making authority is delegated to a subordinate

b. Leader demonstrates confidence in the experience and judgment of a subordinate

c. Intimate knowledge of subordinate’s strength and weaknesses is critical

d. Leader is ultimately responsible for the accomplishment of the task

A Leader’s Role in Conflict Resolution (LE IV)

1. Be objective: Maintain stability in the group by quickly eliminating conflict in an objective and reasonable

manner.

2. Take Systematic Steps: A leader can take certain steps to deal with conflict.

a. Explanation- Listen objectively to both sides to determine if the conflict is created by misunderstanding.

b. Alternatives- Offer the parties an alternative method in handling the conflict.

c. Negotiation- Mediate negotiations to come up with a fair solution to which both sides can agree.

d. Counseling- Provide follow-on counseling to each party to ensure harmony is maintained.

e. Investigation- Investigate accusations or indicators that continue to imply that a persistent conflict exists

in a timely manner.

f. Authority- Maintain a position of authority over the parties and hold each side accountable for their

actions.

3. Maintain Self-control: The leader’s verbal and non-verbal communication influences how the parties accept

their authority over the conflict.

a. Verbal- Remain calm and communicate in a normal tone of voice using words that will help de-escalate

the conflict. Do not accuse or demean either party. Refrain from verbal communication that may indicate

you agree with one side and not the other.

b. Non-verbal- Maintain equal eye contact with each party. Maintain an open posture and do not cross your

arms or legs. Do not point your finger or make threatening facial or eye gestures to either party.

Rank Insignia

Cadet Enlisted Rank Insignia

Cadet Private

Cadet Private First Class

Cadet Lance Corporal

Cadet Corporal

Cadet Sergeant

Cadet Staff Sergeant

Cadet Gunnery Sergeant

Cadet 1st Sergeant

Cadet Sergeant Major

Cadet Officer Rank Insignia

Cadet Second Lieutenant

Cadet First Lieutenant

Cadet Captain Cadet Major

Cadet Lieutenant Colonel

Cadet Colonel

Marine Corps Enlisted Rank Insignia

Private

(E-1)

Private

First Class

(E-2)

Lance

Corporal

(E-3)

Corporal

(E-4)

Sergeant

(E-5)

Staff

Sergeant

(E-6)

Gunnery

Sergeant

(E-7)

Master

Sergeant

(E-8)

First

Sergeant

(E-8)

Master

Gunnery

Sergeant

(E-9)

Sergeant

Major

(E-9)

Sergeant

Major of

the Marine

Corps

(E-9)

Warrant Officer Rank Insignia

Warrant

Officer

Chief

Warrant

Officer 2

Chief

Warrant

Officer 3

Chief Warrant

Officer 4

Chief

Warrant

Officer 5

Marine Corps Officer Rank Insignia

Second Lieutenant (O-1)

First Lieutenant (O-2)

Captain (O-3)

Major (O-4)

Lieutenant Colonel (O-5)

Colonel (O-6)

Brigadier General (O-7)

Major General (O-8)

Lieutenant General (O-9)

General (O-10)

Cadet Ribbon Chart ( LE II-IV)

RIBBON AWARD SELECTION CRITERIA

Legion of Valor Bronze Cross for Achievement

Have an MCJROTC class standing in the top 25 percent of their class to be considered. Have a school academic class standing in the top 25 percent of their class to be considered. Have demonstrated exemplary military leadership.

Have demonstrated academic leadership (demonstrated qualities of leadership in scholastic activities, student or organizations, community activities, and interscholastic athletic participation).

Nominees MUST be enrolled in MCJROTC their senior year.

MCROA Outstanding Unit Award Marine Corps Reserve Officer's Association (MCROA) for Outstanding MCJROTC Unit.

American Legion Bronze Medal for Scholastic Excellence

Have an academic average earned on all courses other than MCJROTC in the upper 10 percent of the class. Have grades in all MCJROTC subjects within the top 25 percent of that unit. Have demonstrated qualities of leadership. Have actively participated in related student activities such as student organizations, constructive activities, or sports.

American Legion Bronze Medal for Military Excellence

Cadet must be in the top 25 percent of the Class in academic standing. Cadet must have demonstrated outstanding qualities in military leadership, discipline, character and citizenship.

Sons of the American Revolution JROTC Bronze Medal

Awarded to a Junior Cadet who has exhibited the highest standards of leadership, bearing and excellence.

Daughters of the American Revolution JROTC Bronze Medal

Awarded to a Senior Cadet who is in the top 25 percent of class and has demonstrated dependability, military discipline and leadership. Selected by the SMI and principal.

Military Order of World Wars Bronze Medal

Awarded at the end of the year to an outstanding 1st year Cadet who excels in military and scholastic activities during the year. Be in good standing in all military and scholastic courses. Indicated by grades, extracurricular activities, individual endeavor, and desire to serve the United States.

Committed to continue in the MCJROTC Program for the next school year.

Military Officer's Association of America JROTC Medal

Presented to a Cadet for outstanding academic achievement. Be in top 10 % of the class. Have an 'A' average in MCJROTC. Hold an officer billet. Be in the junior year of high school.

Veteran of Foreign Wars JROTC Bronze Medal

Presented for leadership in and out of uniform. Cadet must have a 'B' in MCJROTC and 'C' overall. Must be involved in at least 1 extracurricular activity or club. 1 Senior, junior and sophomore Cadet is chosen by the SMI.

Daedalian JROTC Achievement Award

Presented to a junior Cadet who has demonstrated an understanding and appreciation of patriotism, love of country and service to nation. Ranked in top 10% of

MCJROTC, top 20% of junior class and looks to pursue a military career.

Women Marines Association for Outstanding Cadet Awarded to a 2nd year Cadet who has the highest Leadership Education Grade in the MCJROTC Unit

Noncommissioned Officers (NCOA) Association Medal

Awarded annually to the Most outstanding Cadet NCO/SNCO. Cadet must have the best military bearing, personal appearance, deportment and leadership ability. Can be any LE level.

Military Order of the Purple Heart Medal

Awarded to a deserving Cadet who has given all for the MCJROTC Program. Combines both military and scholastic excellence with strong leadership skills.

Navy League Youth Medal

Reserve Officers Association JROTC Medal

Presented to an outstanding Cadet in recognition of his/her professionalism, academic excellence, and dedication to the MCJROTC Program. Presented to a deserving Cadet who has demonstrated outstanding competence in military skills and has contributed to the common good of the school, community, and nation.

Naval Reserve Association JROTC Medal

American Veterans JROTC Medal

Presented to a Cadet in recognition of his/her outstanding service and dedication to the MCJROTC program, academic excellence and desire to serve the school, community and nation. Presented to a Cadet for diligence in the discharge of duties and the willingness to serve the school, community and nation.

National Sojourners Award

Presented to Sophomore or Junior Cadet who is in the top 25% of class, has demonstrated the ideals of Americanism and is enrolled for the next year.

Scottish Rite JROTC Medal

Presented to a Cadet who has encouraged and demonstrated Amercanism by deeds or

conduct through participation in extra-curricular activities or unit sponsored community service projects. Demonstrated exceptional dependability, character, self-discipline, citizenship and patriotism.

Outstanding Cadet Award

N-3-2

One award a year to the Cadet who demonstrates consistent superior performance in all facets of the program, top 25% of the class in all subjects, and exceptional qualities of leadership, discipline, character, military bearing, and military proficiency.

Student Leadership Award N-3-8

Awarded to students who hold an elected office in the student body.

Officer Leadership Award N-3-5

Awarded once a year to the Cadet officer who demonstrates exceptional leadership, discipline, character, military bearing, and proficiency.

NCO Leadership N-3-4

Awarded once a year to the Cadet NCO who demonstrates exceptional leadership, discipline, character, military bearing, and proficiency.

Civic Service Award N-4-4

For outstanding community service or noteworthy unit participation.

Best Drill Cadet N-3-1

One awarded a year to the cadet who performs best in Manual of Arms standing, Manual of Arms marching, and military bearing and appearance.

Distinguished Scholastic Achievement Award N-1-6 Annual to Cadets that maintain an "A" average and or in the top 10 percent of their class.

Arts and Academics Award N-1-9

Awarded to Cadets who participate in Interscholastic competions pertaining to academics or the arts.

Distinguished Military Training N-1-2

Presented to a Cadet who demonstrates outstanding proficiency and achievement in all facets of the MCJROTC program.

Physical Achievement Award N-2-9

Awarded to any Cadet who scores 250 or more points on the National Youth Physical Fitness Program test sponsored by the Marine Corps League.

Superior Marksmanship Award

N-2-1

Presented annually to Cadets who qualify as a superior marksman, either by placing in

regional or national air rifle matches, or by acheiving a score of 270 or better during the MCJROTC Postal Match.

Athletic Participation Award N-1-8

Presented to Cadets who participate in Interscholastic athletics.

Longevity/Fidelity N-4-1

Presented to Cadets who have successully participated in the MCJROTC program for two years and have met all the requirements of LEI and LEII.

Distinguished Conduct Award N-3-9

Presented to any Cadet whose conduct and demeanor are worthy of special recognition. Have not received any adverse conduct reports for the entire year.

MCROA Outstanding Unit Award (2nd Place)

Unit Award

MCROA Outstanding Unit Award (3rd Place)

Unit Award

Best Drill Squad Award N-3-7

Awarded annually to the best drill squad of the Drill Team.

Color Guard Ribbon N-3-3

Awarded to Cadets on the Color Guard.

Band w/Band device N-3-10 Awarded to Cadets of the school Band.

Rifle Team Award

Orienteering Team Award

Recruiting Award

1st 2nd 3rd Award Devices

Presented to those Cadets who distinguish themselves on the unit's rifle team. Presented to those Cadets who distinguish themselves on the unit's orienteering team. Presented to those Cadets who have taken an active role in recruiting others into the program. Academic Award Devices

1st 2nd 3rd

Award Devices

Military Awards Devices