leadership presentation v6

Leadership in Teams and Decision Groups

© F r a n k f u r t – S c h o o l . d e

Philipp SchmittnerSharon ThomasSebastian MaulerDaniel BuchtaTobias JahnckeFahd Nawaz

© F r a n k f u r t – S c h o o l . d e 2

Outline

I. What is a team?

II. Determinants of Team Performance

III. Types of Team and how to lead them

IV. Guidelines for team building

V. What are decision groups

VI. Determinants of group process

VII. Leadership functions in meetings & who should lead them

VIII. Guidelines for leading a meeting

IX. Conclusion


Teams Heterogeneity & complementary skills

What is a team

Team Performa

nce

Team Types

Guidelines

Teambuilding

Decision process

Leadershp in

meetings

Guidelines

meetings

Conclusion

Little role interdependence among members

Groups

What is a team?


Determinants of Team Performance

• Commitment to shared objectives Motivation of the members to attain shared goals Leadership: Articulating an appealing vision, explaining why a task is important, involving

members in planning strategies

• Shared mental models Common understanding about assumptions and cause-effect relationships Leadership: Support members to identify their assumptions about cause-effect relationships,

reach agreement

• Member skills & role clarity Understanding of what to do, how to do it, and when it must be done Leadership: Feedback and coaching, influence the selection of new members, clearly explain

members responsibilities

4

What is a team Determinants of Team

Performance

Types of Team and how to lead

them

Guidelines for team building

Determinants of group process

Leadership functions in

meetings & who should lead them

Guidelines for leading a meeting Conclusion



• Internal Organization and Coordination Design of work roles and the assignment of people organized to use skills Extent to which the interdependent activities are synchronized Leadership: Planning the efficient use of personnel and resources, schedule and sequence

activities

• External Coordination Adjust activities to actions of interdependent units inside or outside the organization Leadership: Maintaining a network of contacts and encourage members to develop their own

network, identify threats and opportunities

• Resources and political support Budgetary funds, tools and equipment, supplies and materials, and facilities Leadership: Lobbying with superiors, planning the resources and budgets, defending the

reputation of the team


Performance


them








• Mutual trust and cooperation Share information & resources and help each other Cooperation is linked to the extent to which members identify with the team Leadership: Team building activities

• Collective efficacy and potency Shared belief that the team is capable of achieving specific tasks Leadership: Express optimism and confidence in the team, set realistic targets opportunity to

experience success, celebrate progress

Different determinants of team performance are linked with each other (e.g. involving membersin planning strategies)

6


Performance


them







Cross Functional Teams

Composed of Experts from various functional areas who work cooperatively towards some organizational goal

Harley-Davidson Motor Co. uses cross-functional

teams from start to finish in their business.

Technical Expertise

Project Management

Skills

Interpersonal Skills Political Skills Cognitive

Skills

Skills required to Lead a Cross Functional Team


Performance


them







Self-managed Teams

Google lets its engineers and

developers work in their

own self-regulated

teams

Role of a leader in a self-managed team

Operates with a high level of autonomy without a manager

considerable discretion over: setting of team goals how work is achieved internal performance issues distributing the work decision making and problem solving


Performance


them







Virtual TeamsMicrosoft has used virtual teams to support major global corporate customer sales and post sales services

Competencies and skills required to lead a Virtual Team

• Manages across different cultures• Coaches and monitors job performance • Builds and maintains trust• Ensures the appropriate use of information technology

An interdependent group of individuals who predominantly use technology to communicate, collaborate, share information and coordinate their efforts in order to accomplish a common work-related objective


Performance


them







What kind of team do you want?

• The best performing team ever!

• Cohesiveness

• Mutual cooperation

• Identification

What does your team need?


Performance


them







How can you make your team fulfill these criteria?


Performance


them






Facilitate team learning

Team building procedures

Best performing team ever!




Performance


them









Ceremonies and rituals

Encourage and facilitate social interaction

Tell people what’s going on!

Common interests and values

Process analysis sessions

Symbols Alignment sessions

Incentives

After activity reviews

Dialogue sessions



What is a team

Types of Team

and how to lead them

Guidelines for team buildin

g

Determinant

s of group proces

s

Leadership

functions in

meetings & who should

lead them

Guidelines for leadin

g a meetin

g

Conclusion





What is a team

Types of Team



g

Determinant

s of group proces

s

Leadership

functions in


lead them


g a meetin

g

Conclusion

Teams Heterogeneity & complementary skills


Groups

Teams vs. Groups


Decision Making in Groups

Quality depending on group member contribution

Longer process

Advantages Disadvantages

1

2

Wider knowledge and experiences

1

What is a team

Types of Team



g

Determinant

s of group proces

s

Leadership

functions in


lead them


g a meetin

g

Conclusion


Groups

Process problems, e.g. hasty decisions, member inhabitation and polarization


Determinants of Group Processes

Status differentials

Cohesiveness

Member diversity

Emotional maturity

Group size

Communication technology

Physical environment

What is a team

Types of Team



g

Determinant

s of group proces

s

Leadership

functions in


lead them


g a meetin

g

Conclusion


Leadership Functions in Meetings

Leadership role in a meeting can be shared, but usually one designated discussion leader has primary responsibility for conducting the meeting

17

Challenge:

Find the right balance between…

• being active and passive to facilitate decision process

• task oriented and relationship oriented leadership behavior (Task Function & Group Maintenance Function)

What is a team

Types of Team



g

Determinant

s of group proces

s

Leadership

functions in


lead them


g a meetin

g

Conclusion


Task and Group Maintenance Function

18

Task Function• Process Structuring• Stimulating communication• Clarifying communication• Summarizing• Consensus testing

Skill, proper timing and the right balance in both areas is crucial to effective leadership in a meeting!

Group Maintenance Function• Gatekeeping• Harmonizing• Supporting• Standard Setting• Process analyzing

What is a team

Types of Team



g

Determinant

s of group proces

s

Leadership

functions in


lead them


g a meetin

g

Conclusion


Bradford (1976) identified two viewpoints on who should perform the two functions (task / group maintenance) and their relative priority:

Leader-centered view vs. Group-centered view

Two Viewpoints on Leadership in Decision Groups

19

Responsibility for Group

leader responsible shared by leader & group

Control over final Choice

held by leader vested in group

Leader position power

emphasized & guarded de-emphasized

Task oriented functions

carried out by leader shared by leader & group

Group-Maintencance functions

not done systematically emphasized & shared with group

What is a team

Types of Team



g

Determinant

s of group proces

s

Leadership

functions in


lead them


g a meetin

g

Conclusion


Guidelines for Leading Meetings

20

Listen carefully if your meetings are like this!

What is a team

Types of Team



g

Determinant

s of group proces

s

Leadership

functions in


lead them


g a meetin

g

Conclusion



Inform people about necessary preparations

Share essential information with group

members

Describe the problem without implying the

cause or solution

Allow ample time for idea generation and

evaluation

Separate idea generation from idea

evaluation

Successful meeting

What is a team

Types of Team



g

Determinant

s of group proces

s

Leadership

functions in


lead them


g a meetin

g

Conclusion



Successful meeting

Encourage and facilitate participation

Encourage positive restatement and idea

building

Use systematic procedures for solution

evaluation

Encourage efforts to reach consensus when

feasible

Encourage members to look for an integrative

solution

Clarify responsibilities for implementation

What is a team

Types of Team



g

Determinant

s of group proces

s

Leadership

functions in


lead them


g a meetin

g

Conclusion


Conclusion

Leadership functions in a meeting: Make sure that both task function and group

maintenance function are addressed

Leading a meeting is easy. But for leading an effective one, the leader

has to apply certain guidelines!

Sharon

Leaders can improve team performance by influencing the determinants in a

positive way

All types of teams need a leader, but not necessarily with

the same type of leadership style

Tobi

What is a team

Types of Team



g

Determinant

s of group proces

s

Leadership

functions in


lead them


g a meetin

g

Conclusion


Discussion


Discussion on the Video

• To which view on leadership in decision groups Leader-centered or Group-centered) does the professor tend? Why?

• Which view would you prefer as a leader? Have you made any expriences with a leader that tended towards one the view points?

• Can you think of situations where the Leader-centered view might be more appropriate?


Further Discussion

• What are your experiences with team-building events?

• What are some implications of the telecommunications and computer technologies for leadership in teams, now and in the future?

• Why is leadership more difficult in cross-functional teams than in traditional functional teams?

• What can a leader do to improve decision-making processes in a group meeting?

leadership presentation v6

Documents

f u r t s c h o o

cross functional team

decision groups f r

meeting conclusion f

d e12outlinewhat

d e7 cross functional

members responsibilities

support members