learning attributes and relations
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Learning Attributes and Relations. Ontology Learning from Text Philipp Cimiano , Chapter 7. 7.1 Common Approaches. Collocations Syntactic Dependencies Lexico -syntactic patterns (Hearst, 1992) Road Map: Learning Attributes Learning the Appropriate Generalization Level for Relations - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Learning Attributes and Relations
Ontology Learning from TextPhilipp Cimiano, Chapter 7
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7.1 Common Approaches
• Collocations• Syntactic Dependencies• Lexico-syntactic patterns (Hearst, 1992)• Road Map:– Learning Attributes– Learning the Appropriate Generalization Level for
Relations– Learning Qualia Structures
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7.2 Learning Attributes
• Attribute = a relation with a datatype as range• Learn name, domain, and range
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7.3 Learning Relations from Corpora
• Based on verbal expressions• Generalization of argument wrt taxonomy• Statistical measures for generalization• Approach:– Extract verb frames– Generalize verb frames – statistical measures:• Conditional probability• Pointwise mutual information• X2 measure
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7.4 Learning Qualia Structures from the Web
• Aristotle’s four basic factors or causes:– the material cause – made of– the agentive cause – source of creation or change– the formal cause – form or type– the final cause – purpose, intention, or aim
• Pustejovsky (1991): four roles in qualia structure:– constitutive – parts or components– agentive – verb, action brings into existence– formal – type information– telic – purpose or function
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7.5 Related Work• Madche and Staab (2000) – generalized association rules
algorithm• Kavalec and Svátek (2005) – label verbs as “above expectations”• Gamallo et al. (2002) – map syntactic dependencies to semantic
relations• Ciaramita et al. (2005) – learn conceptual relations from the
GENIA corpus• Heyer et al. (2001) – derive conceptual relations from corpus
collocations and heuristics• Ogata and Collier ( 2004) – relations based on patterns similar to
Hearst + reasoning
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more Related Work• Yamaguchi (2001) – WordNet pruning + Schuetze’s word space
method with word 4-grams• Buitelaar et al. (2004) – mapping with slots for domain and range,
manual inspection• Pesio and Almuhareb ( 2005) – six categories of attributes, train a
classifier• Yamada and Baldwin (2004) – learn telic and agentive relations
from corpora, dependencies• Claveau et al. (2003) – Inductive Logic Programming to find qualia
verbs• Pustejovsky et al. (1993) – acquire relations from corpora, statistics
and theoretical lexicon principles
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7.6 Conclusion and Open Issues
• Use adjectives and WordNot to learn attributes• Statistical learning of slots for verbs• Learning qualia structures• Learning from noun phrases?• Meaning of qualia roles?• Distinguish word senses?• Gold standard for qualia structures?• Calculus to reason on partial results?• Constrain according to linguistic principles?
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