learning history from a leader lenin

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Learning History from a Leader Lenin This project aims to bring out the importance of Vladimir Ilyich Lenin (1870- 1924 ) in shaping the history of both Russia and modern world. Moreover, it hopes to arouse students’ interest and motivation in self-learning through the effective use of sources in this History project. Wendy Chan F.6U (2004-05) First of all, Let’s have some GAMES first!

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Learning History from a Leader Lenin. This project aims to bring out the importance of Vladimir Ilyich Lenin (1870- 1924 ) in shaping the history of both Russia and modern world. Moreover, it hopes to arouse students’ interest and motivation in self-learning through - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: Learning History from a Leader Lenin

Learning History from a Leader

LeninThis project aims to bring out the importance of Vladimir Ilyich Lenin (1870-1924 ) in shaping the history of both Russia and modern world. Moreover, it hopes to arouse students’ interest and motivation in self-learning through the effective use of sources in this History project.

Wendy Chan F.6U (2004-05)First of all,

Let’s have some GAMES first!

Page 2: Learning History from a Leader Lenin

Game 1

Page 3: Learning History from a Leader Lenin

Who was Lenin?

Game

Time!

Game

Time!

Page 4: Learning History from a Leader Lenin

The Child on the left

was Lenin

The baby girl was Lenin’s sister Olga

Page 5: Learning History from a Leader Lenin

Game 2

Page 6: Learning History from a Leader Lenin

Who

was

Lenin?

Answer:He was the first one from the right!

Page 7: Learning History from a Leader Lenin

Game 3How old was Lenin?

Page 8: Learning History from a Leader Lenin
Page 9: Learning History from a Leader Lenin

Learning from the Past

The Man Who Changed History

Lenin

Page 10: Learning History from a Leader Lenin

ContentIntroduction:

- Karl Marx’s Communist Manifesto

- Lenin: The communist believer and revolutionary leader

Second Part:

- Background of Russia under the Romanov Dynasty

- The February Revolution 1917 and the Provisional Government

- The October Revolution 1917 and the rise of Bolsheviks

- Reasons for the success of the Bolsheviks

- How Lenin changed history and his legacy

Third Part:

- How can students today learn from Lenin

- Incorporation of ”Habits of Mind’’ into this project

Acknowledgement

Page 11: Learning History from a Leader Lenin

Communist Manifesto by Karl Marx

I believe in “ The history of all society is a history of class struggle.”

Therefore, the poor and exploited working class (proletariat) should:

Karl Marx

Rise up against the capitalists

End all private ownerships of land and industry

Proletariat should rule by dictatorship

All these were acted out by Lenin after the

1917 October Revolution

Page 12: Learning History from a Leader Lenin

Lenin: The Communist Believer and Revolutionary ---- who acted out

Lenin was born into a middle class family. He received a good education and took a bachelor of law. During his years of St. Petersburg University, he became a Marxist and decided to work out the doctrine. He was determined that a proletarian revolution was indeed essential to erase the class inequalities. Therefore he started to take part in revolutionary activities in the following years.

Lenin became the leader of the Bolsheviks in 1903, and the Bolsheviks joined in the 1905 Revolution. Although the revolution turned out to be a failure, he continued directing Bolshevik activities abroad and published his ideas in Pravda.

Finally, the Bolsheviks succeeded in seizing control of the country after the 1917 October Revolution. Thus Lenin adopted the main principles of communism in this first communist state --- the USSR: A state without private ownership while people were put under central guidance; force and terror were used to silence opposition.

Page 13: Learning History from a Leader Lenin

Russia under the Czar (king of Russia) until 1917

Corrupt, inefficient, autocratic, reactionary

Czarist government.

Failures in reforms.

No freedom, Russians

were checked by the

Secret Police

Widespread poverty

Defeats or humiliation in wars or

international conference

Brutal repression of riots and unrest

“Land Hunger”

Exploitation of the working class

No real democracy

Page 14: Learning History from a Leader Lenin

Witness the Russian hardship…..

Wars….Wars….

Poverty, hungerPoverty, hunger

Brutal repressionBrutal repression

Page 15: Learning History from a Leader Lenin

All these hardships resulted in…….

1917 February Revolution

Because the Russian anger had risen to the peak……

Aim: To overthrow the Czar and the Romanov Dynasty

Image from East and West (Macmillan)

Page 16: Learning History from a Leader Lenin

The Czarist government was overthrown successfully, and a new Provisional Government was established in March 1917.

Czar Nicholas II

Page 17: Learning History from a Leader Lenin

The Provisional Government of Russia – A Non-Communist One

Since the Russians succeeded with the revolution, a newly established provisional government, ruled by the previous members of the Duma (The Legislature) was established. Nonetheless, this ‘temporary’ government represented mainly the views of the middle class and aristocracy (the nobility). Most importantly, the government made several fatal mistakes:

The government continued

Russian warfare in World War I.

They didn’t improve people’s livelihood;

poverty and starvation were serious.

The views and interests

of the workers and peasants were ignored.

The release of political prisoners (the Bolsheviks) by the Kerensky Government in

Sept. 1917.

These mistakes were favourable factors for the rise of Lenin and the Bolsheviks!

Page 18: Learning History from a Leader Lenin

Gaining Popular Support for The October Revolution 1917

Since Lenin clearly saw the political mistakes made by the Provisional Government, he made promise to the Russian people “Peace, Land, Bread” in his famous April Theses in April 1917.

He had attracted more people to sup

port the Bolsheviks. However, because the July Days riots 1917, the Provisional Government arrested a lot of Bolshevik figures and Lenin had to flee to Finland for safety.

Nevertheless, an opportunity came fo

r Lenin after the amnesty of political prisoners (the Bolsheviks were imprisoned after July 1917) proclaimed by the Provisional Government headed by Kerensky in Sept 1917. The Bolsheviks gradually gained mass support. Finally, Lenin started the October Revolution with the well-trained and disciplined red army headed by Trotsky.

Lenin speaking of April Theses

Lenin speaking to the red troops, with Trotsky’s presence.

Page 19: Learning History from a Leader Lenin

And Lenin SucceededThe October Revolution

Page 20: Learning History from a Leader Lenin

Reasons for the Success of October Revolution 1917

Capable Leadership of Lenin

Weaknesses of the Provisional Government

It failed to deal with the social and economic problems.

It released political prisoners.

It did not have a strong army.

It lost support from peasants and workers.

His “Peace, Land, Bread” program attracted the Russian mass.

The revolution was well-planned and carefully organized by him and Trotsky.

Lenin understood the mass psychology of the discontented Russians

and was able to take advantage.

Page 21: Learning History from a Leader Lenin

How Lenin Changed History, and his Legacy

He established the firstCommunist state, and

renamed Russia as “Union of Soviet Socialist Republic (USSR)

He set up the Comintern (Communist International)

in 1919 to spread communismthroughout the world

Example: The founding of the Chinese Communist

Party in 1921

The communist regime establishedby Lenin, erased all past

politics, history, different ideologies and oppositions.

He even set up the first exampleof a concentration camp for political prisoners, and even,

a totalitarian state: all Russians could survive only by obeying

the communist orders.

His successors, Stalin and Khrushchev, hadturned many East European countries intocommunist states after World War II which

brought about the Cold War: The Communist Bloc v.s. The Capitalist Bloc

Page 22: Learning History from a Leader Lenin

1.China became a communist state after the establishment of PRC on 1st Oct 1949.A group of Chinese youths looked optimistically toward the future under communist leadership.2. Soviet Union and communist China maintained the alliance until 1960. Mao Zedong (representing PRC) and Khrushchev (representing USSR) at a meeting in 1958.

1 2

The first communist state

– USSR was established

CapitalistBloc

( Dominating Power:USA )

Communist Bloc

( Dominating Power :USSR )

The Cold War started after World War II

North Atlantic Treaty Organization 1949

The Warsaw Pact 1955The communist Red Armywon the Civil War 1918-21.

Page 23: Learning History from a Leader Lenin

How can students today learn from Lenin

The success of Lenin in building u

p the first communist state in the world were partly due to the favourable circumstances and his personal qualities. His comrades described him:

“He remained a peculiarly modest figure who wore a shabby waistcoat,

worked 16-hour days and read extensively ”

“The theories of Lenin are only for the preparation of his proletarian revolution.”

Trotsky, the commander of the Red Army.

“He never imposed his views on his co-workers.

He tried to convince; he patiently explained his opinions to others”

Khrushchev, Stalin’s successor.

Page 24: Learning History from a Leader Lenin

Be humble to learn

Be optimistic and strong ( Lenin had been arrested and exiled many times!)

Don’t stick to the texts. Work out the theories!

Page 25: Learning History from a Leader Lenin

Incorporation of “Habits of Mind’’ in this project

Creating --- creative animation

can add fun to this

learning activity!

Thinking flexibly --- what to have and what ought not to have in the presentation

Persisting ---

don’t give up

in doing a big

project!

Striving for accuracy ---

the course of events,

the biography of Lenin, the historical

information were all checked and proved.

Page 26: Learning History from a Leader Lenin

Evaluation In doing this project, I think the most difficult part was the

selection of materials and how to bring out Lenin’s importance in influencing history. Nonetheless, it was interesting to read through different sources which would never appear in textbooks. Moreover, it can refresh my mind of all the lost history knowledge after the Cert Exam!

Wendy Chan F.6U (2004-2005)

Page 27: Learning History from a Leader Lenin

Reference Book List

• Russia and the USSR Nelson

• The Russian Revolution Thomson Learning

• Russia and the USSR Heinemann

• East and West Macmillan

• Lenin for Beginners Writers and Readers

Page 28: Learning History from a Leader Lenin

AcknowledgementAll material used here is intended for educational purposes. There is no intention to reproduce material by any means (electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise) without permission of the publishers.

The images used in this presentation are taken from either the internet or reference books. For internet sources, the pictures are mainly extracted from:www.cqzg.cnwww.mina.ruhttp://www.marxists.org/archive/lenin/photo/index.htm

Information about Lenin and images are drawn from reference books:Russia and the USSR NelsonThe Russian Revolution Thomson LearningRussia and the USSR HeinemannEast and West Macmillan

Some information about Lenin is drawn from the following websites:http://www.marxists.org/archive/lenin/http://www.time.com/time/time100/leaders/profile/lenin.html

Page 29: Learning History from a Leader Lenin