learning set 3: lesson 1
TRANSCRIPT
Learning Set 3 : Lesson 1 : Slide 1
Proteins Move Based on Size
lactase
tyrosinase
A B C
LDLreceptor
Why did these LDL receptor proteins move
farther down the columns?
Learning Set 3 : Lesson 1 : Slide 2
Analyzing LDL receptor
Normal LDL Receptors
George’s LDL Receptors
Sequence of amino acids in LDL receptor protein:
Learning Set 3 : Lesson 1 : Slide 3
What Is The Difference Here?
Column AMGPWGWKLRWTVALLLAAAGTAVGDRCERNEFQCQDGKCISYKWVCDGSAECQDGSDESQETCLSVTCKSGDFSCGGRVNRCIPQF
WRCDGQVDCDNGSDEQGCPPKTCSQDEFRCHDGKCISRQFVCDSDRDCLDGSDEASCPVLTCGPASFQCNSSTCIPQLWACDNDPDC
EDGSDEWPQRCRGLYVFQGDSSPCSAFEFHCLSGECIHSSWRCDGGPDCKDKSDEENCAVATCRPDEFQCSDGNCIHGSRQCDREYDC
KDMSDEVGCVNVTLCEGPNKFKCHSGECITLDKVCNMARDCRDWSDEPIKECGTNECLDNNGGCSHVCNDLKIGYECLCPDGFQLV
AQRRCEDIDECQDPDTCSQLCVNLEGGYKCQCEEGFQLDPHTKACKAVGSIAYLFFTNRHEVRKMTLDRSEYTSLIPNLRNVVALDTE
VASNRIYWSDLSQRMICSTQLDRAHGVSSYDTVISRDIQAPDGLAVDWIHSNIYWTDSVLGTVSVADTKGVKRKTLFRENGSKPRAIV
VDPVHGFMYWTDWGTPAKIKKGGLNGVDIYSLVTENIQWPNGITLDLLSGRLYWVDSKLHSISSIDVNGGNRKTILEDEKRLAHPFSL
AVFEDKVFWTDIINEAIFSANRLTGSDVNLLAENLLSPEDMVLFHNLTQPRGVNWCERTTLSNGGCQYLCLPAPQINPHSPKFTCACPD
GMLLARDMRSCLTEAEAAVATQETSTVRLKVSSTAVRTQHTTTRPVPDTSRLPGATPGLTTVEIVTMSHQALGDVAGRGNEKKPSSVR
ALSIVLPIVLLVFLCLGVFLLWKNWRLKNINSINFDNPVYQKTTEDEVHICHNQDGYSYPSRQMVSLEDDV
Column BVCNDLKIGYECLCPDGFQLVAQRRCEDIDECQDPDTCSQLCVNLEGGYKCQCEEGFQLDPHTKACKAVGSIAYLFFTNRHEVRKMTL
DRSEYTSLIPNLRNVVALDTEVASNRIYWSDLSQRMICSTQLDRAHGVSSYDTVISRDIQAPDGLAVDWIHSNIYWTDSVLGTVSVADT
KGVKRKTLFRENGSKPRAIVVDPVHGFMYWTDWGTPAKIKKGGLNGVDIYSLVTENIQWPNGITLDLLSGRLYWVDSKLHSISSIDVN
GGNRKTILEDEKRLAHPFSLAVFEDKVFWTDIINEAIFSANRLTGSDVNLLAENLLSPEDMVLFHNLTQPRGVNWCERTTLSNGGCQY
LCLPAPQINPHSPKFTCACPDGMLLARDMRSCLTEAEAAVATQETSTVRLKVSSTAVRTQHTTTRPVPDTSRLPGATPGLTTVEIVTMSH
QALGDVAGRGNEKKPSSVRALSIVLPIVLLVFLCLGVFLLWKNWRLKNINSINFDNPVYQKTTEDEVHICHNQDGYSYPSRQMVSLED
DV
Column CMGPWGWKLRWTVALLLAAAGTAVGDRCERNEFQCQDGKCISYKWVCDGSAECQDGSDESQETCLSVTCKSGDFSCGGRVNRCIPQF
WRCDGQVDCDNGSDEQGCPPKTCSQDEFRCHDGKCISRQFVCDSDRDCLDGSDEASCPVLTCGPASFQCNSSTCIPQLWACDNDPDC
EDGSDEWPQRCRGLYVFQGDSSPCSAFEFHCLSGECIHSSWRCDGGPDCKDKSDEENCAVATCRPDEFQCSDGNCIHGSRQCDREYDC
KDMSDEVGCVNVTLCEGPNKFKCHSGECITLDKVCNMARDCRDWSDEPIKECGTNECLDNNGGCSHVCNDLKIGYECLCPDGFQLV
AQRRCEDIDECQDPDTCSQLCVNLEGGYKCQCEEGFQLDPHTK
Learning Set 3 : Lesson 2 : Slide 4
DNA Location
Learning Set 3 : Lesson 3 : Slide 6
Pieces to DNA Model
6 T (Orange)
6 A (Blue)
6 G (Green)
6 C (Yellow)
1 base
(light brown)
12 spacers
(transparent)
1 cap
(white)
1 rod (grey)
of alternating deoxyribose (red)
and phosphate (purple)
2 side chains composed
Learning Set 3 : Lesson 3 : Slide 7
DNA Base Pairs
Given DNA Matching DNA Strand
T
G
G
C
G
C
T
G
T
G
Learning Set 3 : Lesson 3 : Slide 8
Pieces to LDL Receptor Protein
DNA Model
Learning Set 3 : Lesson 3 : Slide 9
Marshmallow Color Key
Marshmallow Color Chemical Base
Orange Thymine (T)
Pink Adenine (A)
Green Guanine (G)
Yellow Cytosine (C)
Learning Set 3 : Lesson 3 : Slide 10
Step by Step Pictures
Step #1:
Learning Set 3: Lesson 3: Slide 11
Step by Step Pictures (cont.)
Step #2:
Learning Set 3 : Lesson 3 : Slide 12
Step by Step Pictures (cont.)
Step #3:
Chromosomes to DNA to GenesHow small is small?
Learning Set 3 : Lesson 4 : Slide 13
From DNA to Proteins
Transcription -Translation
Learning Set 3 : Lesson 4 : Slide 14
Learning Set 3 : Lesson 4 : Slide 15
From DNA to Proteins 1
Transcription & Translation Overview
Symbols for Transcription -
Translation Models
Learning Set 3 : Lesson 4 : Slide 16
Learning Set 3 : Lesson 4 : Slide 17
DNA vs. RNA
DNA RNA
DNA vs mRNA
DNA RNA
Learning Set 3 : Lesson 4 : Slide 18
Learning Set 3 : Lesson 4 : Slide 19
From DNA to Proteins 2
Transcription & Translation Interactive Modeling
Learning Set 3 : Lesson 4 : Slide 20
Coding Amino Acids
RNA
amino acid
LDL Receptor
Learning Set 3 : Lesson 4 : Slide 21
Where are our genes?
Learning Set 3 : Lesson 4 : Slide 22
Location of LDL Receptor Gene
Learning Set 3 : Lesson 4 : Slide 23
Learning Set 3 : Lesson 3 : Slide 24
LDL Receptor Gene
Segmentfocused on in class
Marshmallow DNA Model
Learning Set 3 : Lesson 4 : Slide 25
A C C G C G A C A C
Learning Set 3 : Lesson 4: Slide 26
RNA Marshmallow Color Key
Marshmallow Color Chemical Base
White Uracil (U)
Pink Adenine (A)
Green Guanine (G)
Yellow Cytosine (C)
Learning Set 3 : Lesson 4 : Slide 27
Coding Amino Acids
RNA
amino acid
28
Reviewing George’s Symptoms
Familial Hypercholesterolemia (FH)
Fatty
Deposit
Coronary Artery: a heart artery
Fatty
Deposit
Knees and Fingers
• Very high cholesterol in blood
• Waxy patches on the skin
• Chest pain and heart attacks at a young age
• Build up of fatty deposits on under skin and in arteries
Learning Set 3 : Lesson 5 : Slide 28
George’s Family History
Learning Set 3 : Lesson 5 : Slide 29
GeorgeHeart attack: 25y
30
Fatty Deposit
Fatty Deposits In Coronary Artery
Cross Section ofCoronary Artery
• Fatty deposits made in artery wall, high blood pressure• Arteries harden and narrow due to fat accumulation• Blood flow is reduced• Oxygen supply to heart reduced• Can cause chest pain heart attack or death in severe cases
Why George had a Heart Attack
NormalTear in
artery wall
Fatty deposits made in
artery wall
Narrowed artery
blocked by blood clot
Learning Set 3 : Lesson 5 : Slide 30
31
Estrogen
Testosterone
Bile Acids
Cholesterol
Cholesterol: Many Roles
Learning Set 3 : Lesson 5 : Slide 31
32
nucleus
cell
inside cell
outside cell
Cholesterol in LDL
LDL Receptor
PlasmaMembrane
Takes LDL into cell
cholesterol
Low density lipoprotein (LDL) Receptor
Learning Set 3 : Lesson 5 : Slide 32
34
Analyzing George’s LDL receptor
A B C
LDLreceptor
George’s LDL receptor
Learning Set 3 : Lesson 5: Slide 34
35
Why did Rachel look at George’s DNA?
One of George’s
chromosomes,
chromosome 19, had
an arrow pointing at
one spot on it. This
arrow indicated
something was
different at this spot
on chromosome 19.
What does DNA have to do with the
LDL receptor that causes FH
disease? Learning Set 3 : Lesson 5 : Slide 35
36
Analyzing the Family’s DNA
Learning Set 3 : Lesson 5 : Slide 36
George