Learning

Learning

What is learning?Change in an organism behavior due to experience

Classical Conditioning

Automatic or VoluntaryAutomatic: Triggered Automatically

Classical Conditioning

Voluntary: Behavior by choiceOperant Conditioning

This can be confusing: Nail Biting

Classical Conditioning

Unconditioned Stimulus Unlearned automatic behavior

What is an example?

Conditioning (acquisition)Conditional stimulus: The trigger

Stimulus + example behavior = UCR (unconditioned response)

Conditioned reflexConditioned stimulus= Conditioned Response

It’s Time For A Little Experiment!

I need two volunteers

Operant Conditioning

Learning in which behavior is strengthened if followed by a reinforcer and diminished if followed by a punisher

Example: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mt4N9GSBoMI&list=FLlGQzyR4L6HusOKosi8AnlQ&index=2

Operant Conditioning

What major figure is known for his work on operant conditioning?

Lets hear it from the man himself!https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I_ctJqjlrHA&index=3&list=FLlGQzyR4L6HusOKosi8AnlQ

Operant Conditioning

What kind of reinforcement is it?Two question you should ask yourself:1. Did you see a decrease or increase in behavior?• Increase=reinforcement

• Decrease = Punishment

2. What action was involved in delivering the consequence?

• Giving= positive

• Taking away=negative

Operant Conditioning

Action Increase Decrease

Given Positive Reinforcement behavior

Positive punishment behavior

Taken away Negative Reinforcement behavior

Negative Punishment Behavior

Three Amigos Review Game

Rules This is an individual game not a team event

You may use your notes and/or your book

If you know the answer you must http://www.imdb.com/video/hulu/vi1479016473/

For each correct answer you receive on point

Operant Learning

Reinforcement Schedules1. Continuous reinforcement schedules• The desired response is reinforced every time it

occurs• Continuous reinforcement does not happen often

• What are some examples?

2. Partial (Intermittent) reinforcement• Responses are sometimes reinforced • Much more common than continuous

• What are some examples?

Operant Conditioning

The 4 schedules of partial reinforcement

• Fixed-ratio schedule• Reinforce behavior after a set amount of responses

Operant Conditioning

• Variable-ratio schedules• Provide reinforces after an unpredictable number of

responses

Operant Conditioning

• Fixed-interval schedules• Reinforcement provided for the first response after

a fixed time period

Operant Conditioning

• Variable-interval schedules• Reinforced after first response after varying time

intervals

Learning Experiment Activity