lec-01 introduction to ict

8/10/2019 Lec-01 Introduction to ICT

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Fundamentals of ICT

Jawairia Rasheed


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Office: Room B107, Faculty of Computing and IT

Email:[email protected]

Office Hours:

Monday: 11:00 a.m.12:00 p.m.
mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]


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Course Description

This is an introductory course on the Fundamentals

of Information and Communication Technologies.

Topics include:

ICT Terminologies

Hardware and Software Concepts

and Components

Networking Conceptsand Applications

ICT based applications.

All images used in presentations are for educational purposes only. In most cases a hyperlink or image url is provided. If there is noreference and originator wishes image to be removed, then please send email to [email protected] compliance
mailto:[email protected]://www.ocwswwtp.com/photogallery/images/2008/04/2008-0418-007s.jpgmailto:[email protected]


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Textbook

Introduction to Computersby Peter Norton, 6th

International Edition (McGraw HILL)


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Reference Books

Computing Essentials: Complete 2010byOLeary/OLeary (McGraw Hill)

Using Information Technology: A Practical

Introduction to Computer & CommunicationsbyWilliams & Sawyer, 7th Edition (McGraw Hill)

Computers, Communications & Information: AUser's Introductionby Sarah E. Hutchinson,

Stacey C. Sawyer
http://trilogy.brynmawr.edu/mt/trinews/2006/01/post_1.html


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Web References

www.howstuffworks.com
http://www.howstuffworks.com/https://www.masoncoschools.net/groups/mcmsbrianmcdowell/revisions/68200/11/http://www.howstuffworks.com/


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Tentative Grading

Grading

25% Midterm

50% End Semester Exam

10% Assignments

5% Quizzes

10% Project/ Presentation


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Quiz/Assignment Policy

Quizzes will be announced/unannounced.

Late submission of assignments will either not be

entertained or will result in the deduction of marks.
http://zoexinh.blogspot.com/


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Project

Individual or Group Work

Presentations will be required


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Lesson 1A

ICT Definitions

Types of Computers Benefits of ICT to Society
http://www.sigma-orionis.com/paradiso-fp7.eu/index.phphttp://computers-chhatra.blogspot.com/2010/06/types-of-computer-on-basis-of-work.html


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Black Box Theory

INPUT OUTPUT

BLACK BOX

Stimulus Response


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Data versus Information

Data: Raw plain

facts and figures

Information: When

data is Processed

and Organized tomake it Useful.


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Science and Technology

Science:

the body of knowledge obtained by methods of

observation

the pursuit of knowledge about the material

world. By its very nature, science is

unpredictable. (Blake L. White)
http://mw.k12.ny.us/webpages/bthorpe/photos/6666/scientist_clipart.jpg


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Technology

Interface of society andscience

The creation of artifactsand systems to

meet people's needs

Science + Imagination =Technology


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Technology

Technology: the conscious

attempt to apply our

understanding about the

universe to accomplish somespecific, material end (to

benefit society): to cure a

disease, to make a cleaner

car, or to provide 500

channels of entertainment. Itis predictable and

controllable. (Dr Alan J.

Friedman)
http://spaceports.blogspot.com/2011/06/nasa-space-launch-system-takes-shape.html


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ConstelTechnologyrion
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-13532968http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-13532968http://radio.foxnews.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/09/SpaceLaunchSystem1.jpghttp://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-14915725


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Communication The process of attempting

to impart information

from a sender to a

receiver with the use of

a medium(Wikipedia)

Many mediums to

achieve this goal

For ICT purposes we

mean electronic medium
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Media_(communication)http://www.researchers.in.th/file/sudjai/view/988http://t1.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcSipBlT38juo8gQ-XdhouWpSqWZzGC0nS1J6ndQGnm7AwwCEYM&t=1&usg=__yX1vwM0auNjaX2aqHtuBEuX1LHs=http://t0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcQFAuIkRpuCvVQ2I8SiDyi7_AobWQy3US5Dp__GcYkBVPQoDFw&t=1&usg=__RIODWSw53cMbpHZBnU9ueDK4ecE=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Media_(communication)


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Information and Communication Technology

Diverse set of technological tools and resources

used to communicate, and to create, disseminate,

store, and manage information.

These technologies include computers, the

Internet, broadcasting technologies (radio and

television), and telephony(Wikipedia) Key component of ICT is still the Computer


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What is a Computer

Computercomputes

Programmable, multiuse machine that accepts

data and figures and processes it into usableinformation.

Storage

Processing/

Computation

Data & Instructions Information/Results


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What is Information Technology !?!

11/11/2014 Footer Name


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What is Information Technology !?!

Computer Technology

+Communication Technology



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Computer Technology

Programmable, multiuse machine that accepts data

and processes it into usable information

summaries, totals, or reports

Used to speed up problem solving and increaseproductivity



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Communication Technology

Communication technology consists of devices and

systems for communicating over long distances

Using Wires

Electrical Signals Optical Signals (Light)

Wirelessly

ElectroMagnetic Waves

Acoustic Waves (Sound)



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Information Technology

IT is any technology that helps to produce,

manipulate, store, communicate, and/or

disseminate information

These technologies include computers, theInternet, broadcasting technologies (radio and

television), and telephony (Wikipedia)

Merges computing with high-speedcommunications links carrying data, sound, and

video



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Exercise

How have you been using Information Technology

in your life?



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Some Examples of IT

Image Morphing

changing (or morphing) one image into another through

a seamless transition

11/11/2014Image Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morphing
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morphinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morphing


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Some Examples of IT

GPS Tracking (Global positioning system)

Track your vehicles, wherever they go, using GPS

11/11/2014 Footer NameImage Source: http://propakistani.pk


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Some Examples of IT

Video Conferencing



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Some Examples of IT

Robotics



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Negative Impact

Lots of information and social media

a massive threat to your health, personal data and

security. (And maybe friendships.)

Spyware, Trojan Horses, Viruses, and Worms

Scams & Fraud



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Information Technology

Key component of information technology is the

COMPUTER



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Analytical Engine

Charles Babbage (Famous mathematician, Professor

at Cambridge University, Chair of Newton)

1833, made a design of a computing device

Father of the computer Worlds first digital general purpose computer

Named Analytical Engine

A brilliant design

Could not be constructed during his time

Possible after 100 years of his design



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Analytical Engine



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Analytical Engine

A programmable mechanical digital machine.

Nowadays our computers are all electronic. But at

that time electronics technology did not exist.

All the capabilities of todays modern computer

Computations

Make decisions: If-else

Input, storage, processor, output



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Ada (18151852)

Famous student of Babbage

Ada (Mathematician)

Her fathers name was Byron who was a famous poet

Wrote a program for Babbages machine (considered tobe the first computer program)

Worlds first computer programmer

Language: Ada

US Dept. of defence designed this first language and to

honour her they named the language Ada.



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Computer

The first use of the word "computer" recorded in

1613

A person who carried out calculations, or computations

From the end of the 19th century onwards though, theword began to take on its more familiar meaning

A machine that carries out computations

A computer is a programmable machine that receives input,

stores and manipulates data, and provides output in a usefulformat.



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Advantages

Speed

Storage

Accuracy



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Disadvantages

Image and Pattern recognition

Can computers think?

Come up with brand new innovative ideas



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Computers in Society

Computers at home

Computers in education

Computers in small business

Computers in industry

Computers in health care

Computers in government



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Past

Most computing was done by specialists



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Present

With the introduction of microcomputers, WE

operate the computer.

Today, almost every item we use is made by using a

computeror--has a computer component built intoit.

WE must become the experts.



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