LEC1A

ANATOMYOFTHENERVOUSSYSTEM

Cogs17*UCSD

Consciousness–"TheHardProblem"

Mid-SaggittalSection

Tegmentum

&

Mid-brain

PlanerViewsoftheBrain

Coronal

PlanerViewsoftheBrain

Coronal

Horizontal

Saggital

Coronalplane

Lateral&Medial

Lateral

Medial

Dorsal&Ventral

InHumans,"Dorsal"=TOPofBrain&REARofSpinalCord

"Ventral"=BOTTOMofBrain&FRONTofSpinalCord

BilateralStructureNervousSystemduplicatedonright&left

Ipsi-lateral(sameside)andContra-lateral(oppositeside)Connections

Ipsi-lateralconnections

Contra-lateralconnections

SupportStructures:TheMeningesSurroundsCNSunderbone

P A D

SpacefilledwithCerebralSpinalFluid=shockabsorber

Ventricles

Produce,andfilledwith,CerebralSpinalFluid(CSF)

Hydrocephalus

IfCSFdoesnotdrainproperly,canbuildupinVentricles

BloodVesselsinBrain

Brain=2%ofbodyweight,uses20%ofbloodsupply!

Blood-BrainBarrierExercisingtightcontrolsoverwhatenters

brainfrombloodstream

Blood-BrainBarrierExercisingtightcontrolsoverwhatenters

brainfrombloodstream

CNS&PNS

CNSCentralNervousSystem

=Brain&SpinalCord

Surroundedbyboneandmeninges

PNSPeripheralNervousSystem

SOMATICSystem=Interactionw/externalenv.

AUTONOMICSystem=Regulatesinternalenv.

Mid-SaggitalSectionincluding....HINDBRAIN

Medullaoblongada Cerebellum

Brainstem

HINDBRAIN:Medulla

Medullaoblongada- Primalreflexes

HINDBRAIN:Pons

CranialNerves

MostCranialNervesalsoenter/exitMedulla&Pons

HINDBRAIN:Cerebellum

MotorProgramsw/realtimesensorycoordination

HINDBRAIN:Cerebellum

MNEMONIC:

Sarah the ballerinahas a hell of a cerebellum!

MIDBRAIN

SuperiorColliculus(VisualMotion)

InferiorColliculus(AuditoryMotion)

TECTUM

MIDBRAIN

MotorPathways&some

CranialNerves

TEGMENTUM

MIDBRAIN

MIDBRAINMNEMONIC:

Tectumtodetect’em,Tegmentum

formomentum

Diencephalon ofForebrain:THALAMUS

Projectsto/ReceivesfromSensory,Motor&Arousalsystems

Diencephalon ofForebrain:

Hypothalamus

Neuro-Endrocrine(Brain+Hormone)

System

Oversees4Fs+Temp+Clock

CommunicatestoPITUITARYGLAND(the"master"gland)

Telencephalon:AllotherForebrainStructures

LimbicSystem- Motivation

LimbicSystem- Motivation

LimbicSystem- MotivationCINGULATEGYRUS

+/- EvaluatorA"Re-Entrant"System

OLFACTORYBULB- Smell

AMYGDALA- Emotion

HIPPOCAMPUS- Memory

...andMORE!

BasalGanglion

OrganizingactivityintoTASKS

AnotherRE-ENTRANT

System

BasalGanglion

ParkinsonsDisease:Compromisedconnections

fromTegmentumtoBasalGanglia>>Motordeficits

BasalForebrain

ACh arousesCortex

GABA de-arousesCortex

ReceivesfromRaphe/ReticularArousalSysteminBrainstem