lecture 06 - water regulations
DESCRIPTION
Lecture 06 - Water RegulationsTRANSCRIPT
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ChE 150 – Environmental Process Engineering 2nd Semester AY 2014-2015Engr. Kristian July R. Yap University of the Philippines – Diliman
WATER REGULATIONSWATER REGULATIONSWATER REGULATIONSWATER REGULATIONSChE 150 – Environmental Process Engineering
2nd Semester AY 2014-2015
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ChE 150 – Environmental Process Engineering 2nd Semester AY 2014-2015
OUTLINE
� Existing Water Resources
� Status of Coastal Waters
� Status of Rivers
� Stream Standards
� Effluent Standards
� Phil. Clean Water Act of 2004
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ChE 150 – Environmental Process Engineering 2nd Semester AY 2014-2015
EXISTING WATER RESOURCES
MARINE WATERS
� Cover an area of about 226,000 sq km,including bays and gulfs
� Coastline stretches to about 17,460 km
� 64 of 79 provinces are in coastal areas
GROUNDWATER
� Deep well
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ChE 150 – Environmental Process Engineering 2nd Semester AY 2014-2015
EXISTING WATER RESOURCES
INLAND FRESHWATER
� Rivers
-- 18 major river basins
-- 421 principal rivers
� Lakes
-- 79 lakes
-- 10 major lakes
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ChE 150 – Environmental Process Engineering 2nd Semester AY 2014-2015
STATUS OF COASTAL WATERS
Source:
Ecowatch for the
Philippines and
International
Workshop, May
31-June 2, 2004,
JL Business
Consultancy Inc.
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ChE 150 – Environmental Process Engineering 2nd Semester AY 2014-2015
STATUS OF COASTAL WATERS
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ChE 150 – Environmental Process Engineering 2nd Semester AY 2014-2015
STATUS OF COASTAL WATERS
Source: Ecowatch for the Philippines and International Workshop, May 31-June 2, 2004, JL Business
Consultancy Inc.
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ChE 150 – Environmental Process Engineering 2nd Semester AY 2014-2015
STATUS OF COASTAL WATERS
Source:
Ecowatch for the
Philippines and
International
Workshop, May
31-June 2, 2004,
JL Business
Consultancy Inc.
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ChE 150 – Environmental Process Engineering 2nd Semester AY 2014-2015
STATUS OF COASTAL WATERSSource: CRMP, DENR, USAID, Tetra Tech EM
Inc.
Source: Ecowatch for the Philippines and
International Workshop, May 31-June 2, 2004, JL
Business Consultancy Inc.
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ChE 150 – Environmental Process Engineering 2nd Semester AY 2014-2015
STATUS OF COASTAL WATERS
Source: Ecowatch for the Philippines
and International Workshop, May 31-
June 2, 2004, JL Business Consultancy
Inc.
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ChE 150 – Environmental Process Engineering 2nd Semester AY 2014-2015
STATUS OF RIVERS
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ChE 150 – Environmental Process Engineering 2nd Semester AY 2014-2015
STATUS OF RIVERS
% of Rivers that are considered as sources of water supply 36
% of groundwater that is contaminated with coliform and needs
to be treated 58
% of groundwater extraction that is covered by proper permits 40
% of illnesses monitored over a 5-year period that is caused by
water-borne sources 31
% of Philippine population connected to a sewer system 7
Annual economic loss (health costs, fisheries and tourism losses)
caused by water pollution, in billions of pesos 67
Investment required to put a sewerage infrastructure, billion
pesos 250
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ChE 150 – Environmental Process Engineering 2nd Semester AY 2014-2015
STATUS OF RIVERS
Ratio of water demand to renewable available water 1:3
Drop in the levels of water resources per year 30-50% or 1 m/year
No. of major rivers safe for drinking
No of rivers that are biologically dead
0
50
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ChE 150 – Environmental Process Engineering 2nd Semester AY 2014-2015
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ChE 150 – Environmental Process Engineering 2nd Semester AY 2014-2015
WATER SITUATIONER
Water pollution and contamination
� Increase in water pollution loads by16 to 18 times for solids and organics
� Water resources use competition:domestic, municipal, industrial uses
� From 1995 to 2025: Increase of 70 to 345%
� Industrial use in cities: 700%
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ChE 150 – Environmental Process Engineering 2nd Semester AY 2014-2015
EFFLUENT REGULATIONS
STREAM STANDARDS (DAO 34)
� Regulates any discharge into a streamto the extent necessary to maintain the established stream classification
EFFLUENT STANDARDS (DAO 35)
� Requires that, in all effluents from a certaintype of industry, the waste discharged be kept below either a certain percentage or maximum concentration of polluting matter
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ChE 150 – Environmental Process Engineering 2nd Semester AY 2014-2015
STREAM STANDARDS
� The quality of Philippine waters shall be maintained in safe and satisfactory conditionaccording to their best usages
-- objective of water quality criteria is tomaintain minimum conditions necessaryto assure the suitability of water for itsdesignated use or classification
How do we determine the quality of our waterbodies?
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ChE 150 – Environmental Process Engineering 2nd Semester AY 2014-2015
WATER CLASSIFICATIONS
SURFACE WATERS
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ChE 150 – Environmental Process Engineering 2nd Semester AY 2014-2015
WATER CLASSIFICATIONS
SURFACE WATERS
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ChE 150 – Environmental Process Engineering 2nd Semester AY 2014-2015
WATER CLASSIFICATIONS
SURFACE WATERS
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ChE 150 – Environmental Process Engineering 2nd Semester AY 2014-2015
WATER CLASSIFICATIONS
COASTAL and MARINE WATERS
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ChE 150 – Environmental Process Engineering 2nd Semester AY 2014-2015
WATER CLASSIFICATIONS
COASTAL and MARINE WATERS
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ChE 150 – Environmental Process Engineering 2nd Semester AY 2014-2015
WATER CLASSIFICATIONS
COASTAL and MARINE WATERS
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ChE 150 – Environmental Process Engineering 2nd Semester AY 2014-2015
STREAM STANDARDS
WATER QUALITY CRITERIA FOR CONVENTIONAL POLLUTANTS
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ChE 150 – Environmental Process Engineering 2nd Semester AY 2014-2015
STREAM STANDARDS
WATER QUALITY CRITERIA FOR TOXIC and OTHER DELETERIOUS SUBSTANCES
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ChE 150 – Environmental Process Engineering 2nd Semester AY 2014-2015
EFFLUENT STANDARDS
How do we determine the establishment’s compliance?
� DAO 35 (or DAO 1990-35)
-- Revised Effluent Regulations of 1990 (Revising and Amending the Effluent
Regulations of 1982)
-- Shall apply to all industrial andcommercial wastewater/effluents
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ChE 150 – Environmental Process Engineering 2nd Semester AY 2014-2015
EFFLUENT STANDARDS
TERMINOLOGIES
� OEI
-- Old and Existing Industry (as of 1990)
� NPI
-- New and Proposed Industry
� Strong Wastes
-- wastewater whose initial BOD value isequal or greater than 3,000 mg/L
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ChE 150 – Environmental Process Engineering 2nd Semester AY 2014-2015
EFFLUENT STANDARDS
EFFLUENT STANDARDS FOR CONVENTIONAL POLLUTANTS
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ChE 150 – Environmental Process Engineering 2nd Semester AY 2014-2015
EFFLUENT STANDARDS
EFFLUENT STANDARDS FOR CONVENTIONAL POLLUTANTS
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ChE 150 – Environmental Process Engineering 2nd Semester AY 2014-2015
EFFLUENT STANDARDS
EFFLUENT STANDARDS FOR TOXIC and OTHER DELETERIOUS SUBSTANCES
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ChE 150 – Environmental Process Engineering 2nd Semester AY 2014-2015
EFFLUENT STANDARDS
EFFLUENT STANDARDS FOR INDUSTRIES PRODUCING STRONG WASTES
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ChE 150 – Environmental Process Engineering 2nd Semester AY 2014-2015
EFFLUENT REGULATIONS
NOTES:
� Effluent standard is easier to administerthan stream standard.
� Effluent standard has no control over thevolume of waste being discharged.
� Effluent standard is based more on economics and practicality of treatment rather than an absolute protection of the stream.
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ChE 150 – Environmental Process Engineering 2nd Semester AY 2014-2015
EFFLUENT REGULATIONS
NOTES:
� The primary motive of stream standardis to protect and preserve each streamfor its best usage.
� Difficulties include:
-- confusion when zones of different classifications are staddled by thewaste generator
-- need for complex and thorough stream survey prior to classification
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ChE 150 – Environmental Process Engineering 2nd Semester AY 2014-2015
CLEAN WATER ACT
� RA 9275 (Philippine Clean Water Act of 2004)
� Enacted on March 22, 2004
� Published on April 21, 2004
� Took effect on May 6, 2004
IRR of RA 9275 – DAO 2005-10
� Signed by the Secretary on May 16, 2005
� Published last May 26, 2005(Manila Times and Manila Standard Today)
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ChE 150 – Environmental Process Engineering 2nd Semester AY 2014-2015
CLEAN WATER ACT
OBJECTIVES
� To protect the country’s water bodiesfrom pollution from land-based sources
� To provide comprehensive and integrated strategy to prevent and minimize pollution through multi-sectoral and participatory approach involving all stakeholders
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ChE 150 – Environmental Process Engineering 2nd Semester AY 2014-2015
CLEAN WATER ACT
PRIMARY ASPECTS
� Nationalize a system of discharge permits,in effect, granting permissions to industryfor the use of surface waters (lakes, rivers, etc).
� Create water quality management areas thatwill be responsible for all the water and all water users within their jurisdictions.
� Make retrofits and use of clean technology more feasible than paying fines, encourage industry to use less water by rewarding re-use/recycling.
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ChE 150 – Environmental Process Engineering 2nd Semester AY 2014-2015
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ChE 150 – Environmental Process Engineering 2nd Semester AY 2014-2015
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ChE 150 – Environmental Process Engineering 2nd Semester AY 2014-2015
CLEAN WATER ACT
SALIENT FEATURES
� To promote a system of policy coordinationand cooperation among LGUs, water quality management areas or “river basins” shall be formed, each with a governing board.
� Establishment of a national baseline of groundwater vulnerability.
� Establishment of effluent standards basedon categories of point sources.
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ChE 150 – Environmental Process Engineering 2nd Semester AY 2014-2015
CLEAN WATER ACT
SALIENT FEATURES
� Requirement for sewage generators in highly urbanized cities (HUCs) and Metro Manila toput up appropriate sewage collection and treatment facilities or connect to sewage lines.In areas not considered as HUCs, a septic or combined sewerage-septic managementsystem shall be employed.
� Implementation of water pollution charge system based on “polluters pay principle”. The fee shall be based on the total waste load and other factors.
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ChE 150 – Environmental Process Engineering 2nd Semester AY 2014-2015
CLEAN WATER ACT
SALIENT FEATURES
� For new projects which are subjected to EIA System, a financial guarantee instrumentshall be required to finance emergencyresponse, clean-up or rehabilitation ofaffected areas, should pollution incidentclearly attributable to the project occurs.
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ChE 150 – Environmental Process Engineering 2nd Semester AY 2014-2015
CLEAN WATER ACT
SALIENT FEATURES
� Establishment of Water Quality Management Fund to finance containment and clean-up operations of government, research,capability-building, enforcement andmonitoring other expenses.
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ChE 150 – Environmental Process Engineering 2nd Semester AY 2014-2015
NEXT MEETING
� Water Treatment (Onsite)
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ChE 150 – Environmental Process Engineering 2nd Semester AY 2014-2015Engr. Kristian July R. Yap University of the Philippines – Diliman
QUESTIONS???
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ChE 150 – Environmental Process Engineering 2nd Semester AY 2014-2015
REVIEW (1st Exam)
� Intro to Environmental Engineering
� Reactions in the Environment
� Hydrosphere
� Water Pollution
� Measures of Water Quality
� Water Regulations