Lecture 1 04/21/23

MicroprocessorsCSE 341

Lecture 1

Md. Omar Faruqefaruqe@bracu.ac.bd

http://faculty.bracu.ac.bd/~faruqe

UB 12281

Lecture 1 04/21/23

Quote

2

“I can’t teach anybody anything, I can only make them think. “

-Socrates

“I can’t teach anybody anything, I can only make them SLEEP. “

- ME

DO NOT fall asleep.Use references if you quote or copy anything

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Prerequisites

CSE 260 (Digital Logic Design)

Not really going to assume too much previous knowledge !Basic Understanding and Good aptitude towards learning should be sufficient.

So how much do you guys know about Microprocessors / Microcontrollers ?

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Why learn about Microprocessors?

Interesting & Fun

Most Important hardware of a Computer System.

They affect the advancements of almost all electronic devices.

• Digital Cameras• Mobile Phones

Essentially the brain of the Computers we use today.

• Intel Pentium• AMD Ability to analyze, design, implement, and test

assembly language programs.

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CSE 341: Microprocessors Course Outline

Lesson Plan*:

Week & Date

Lecture & Labs

Topic

Lecture 1 Introduction to course and Details of the course. Brief History and Overview of core concepts.

Lecture 2 Introduction to 8051 Microcontroller, memory and addressing.

1 21/01 23/01 24/01 Lab 1 Introduction to Microprocessor Simulator

Lecture 3 Introduction to 8051 assembly programming. Lecture 4 8051 interrupts & timers.

2 28/01 30/01 31/01 Lab 2 Introduction to Assembly language

Lecture 5 Advanced 8051 concepts and systems design. Lecture 6 Core Intel microprocessor concepts

3 04/02 06/02 07/02 Lab 3 Simple Arithmetic operations.

Lecture 7 Introduction to 8086 microprocessor. Lecture 8 Real Mode, Protected Mode and Memory Paging.

4 11/02 13/02 14/02 Lab 4 Loops, programming structures and Simple Interfacing

Lecture9 Addressing Modes & Data Movement Instructions. Lecture 10 Arithmetic, Logic and Control Operations.

5 18/02 20/02 21/02 Lab 5 Loops, programming structures and Simple Interfacing

Lecture 11 8086 Hardware Specification Lecture 12 8088 Hardware Specification

6 25/02 27/02 28/02 Lab 6 Assembly programming for Interfacing devices

Lecture 13 Revision (Mid – Terms) Lecture 14 MID-TERM EXAMINATION

7 03/03 05/03 06/03 Lab 7 Data Tables & Procedures

Lecture 15 Memory Interfacing Lecture 16 Basic I/O Interfacing, 8255 PPI, 8279, 8254

8 10/03 12/03 13/03 Lab 8 Addressing Modes.

Lecture 17 Intel Microprocessor Interrupt Structure Lecture 18 Expanding Interrupt Structure & 8259 PIC

9 17/03 19/03 20/03 Lab 9 Software Interrupt

Lecture 19 DMA Operations & DMA Controller 8237 Lecture 20 INDEPENDENCE DAY (HOLIDAY)

10 24/03 26/03 27/03 Lab 10 Hardware Interrupt

Lecture 21 Bus Interfaces – ISA, PCI, COM, AGP and USB Lecture 22 Advanced Architecture and Design concepts.

11 31/03 02/04 03/04 Lab 11 Complex Interface Programming.

Lecture 23 Introduction to Pentium Microprocessors (If time permits) Lecture 24 Pentium II, Pentium III and Pentium 4 (If time permits)

12 07/04 09/04 10/04 Lab 12 Emulation Labs

Lecture 25 BENGALI NEW YEAR (HOLIDAY) Lecture26 Revision for Finals

13 14/04 16/04 17/04 Lab 13 Emulation Labs

* Due to holidays and other unforeseen complications it is not always possible to exactly follow the lesson plan. However, this will serve as a guideline during the course.

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Lecture Format:Two Lectures every week.

1 and half hour each lecture.

Start on time (Hopefully) Normally let you go after 1 hour 20 minutes (NO Promises!)

TUE 08:00 – 09:20 UB 0222 THU 08:00 – 09:20 UB 0122

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Lab/Tutorial Format:Once each week.

MON 09:00 – 10:50 UB1126

3 hours each lab . Start on time (Hopefully) 45 minutes of discussion on topics for the lab. 5 minutes break 115 minutes of practical work.

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Assessment:Component Percentage

Mid – Term Exams

20 %

Final – Exams 40%

Class Test / Quiz

15%

Assignment20%Labs

Attendance 5%

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Quiz:

I will count 6 quizzes from the ones I take. I will try and do at least 10. The more the better so, we will try and do more if we get time. I normally count Mock Exam as a quiz.

Who wants to guess when these quizzes will be held ? Yes Right ! Anytime I feel like it

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Exam Format:Mid Term

1 Hour 20 Minutes 8 Questions You answer any 6 All question carries equal marks of 10 each.

Finals3 Hours 8 Questions You answer any 6 All question carries equal marks of 20 each.

If you guys are interested we can schedule Mock Exams.

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Books:

Recommended Texts:

Y. Liu and G. A. Gibson, “Microcomputer Systems: The 8086/8088 Family Architecture, Programming Design”, 2nd ed., Prentice-Hall, 1986.

Douglas V. Hall, “Microprocessors and Interfacing: Programming and Hardware” 2nd ed., Gloence McGraw Hill, 1991. M. Rafiquzzaman, “Microprocessors: Theory and

Applications: Intel and Motorola”, Revised ed., Prentice Hall, 1992.

Core Text:

Barry B. Brey, “The Intel Microprocessors: 8086/8088, 80186/80188, 80286, 80386, 80486, Pentium, Pentium Pro Processor, Pentium II, Pentium III, and Pentium 4 - Architecture, Programming, and Interfacing”, Seventh Edition,

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Course Materials:All Course Materials are available at:http://groups.google.com/group/bucse341/ http://faculty.bracu.ac.bd/~faruqe/

You need A Google Account Register yourself onto the group.

The group will have Announcements Lecture Notes Microprocessor Simulation Software Lab Tasks. Your Grades Course Outline. Discussions.

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Teaching Staff:Name: Md. Omar FaruqeRoom: UB 1228Telephone: 8824051 ext – 4025Email : faruqe@bracu.ac.bd

Consultation Hours:

Please Email me if you would like to see me outside these hours !I do other things such as:

• Teach CCNA• Supervise Thesis Students• Perform Administrative Tasks (Routine/Load balancing)• Student Adviser• Do research work• AND LAST but NOT LEAST try and maintain a personal

& Social life.

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Quiz

I Phone

PleaseSwitch Phones

OFF or

Put them on SILENT

5 points for guessing what is shown in the picture…………

5 points for guessing why I put this picture here …………..

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Grades Fall ‘07 Grade No. of Students % of Total

A 3 14.29

A- 2 9.52

B+ 1 4.76

B 1 4.76

B- 1 4.76

C+ 5 23.81

C 2 9.52

C- 1 4.76

D+ 2 9.52

D 0 0

D- 1 4.76

F 2 9.52

Total: 21 100

P    

I    

W 2  

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To get a good Grade: Don’t be late to Lectures and Labs. Being more than 5 minutes late counts as a missed lecture / lab. So thinking of not showing up if for some reason you are 5 minutes late? BAD IDEA ! Any hints for exams / quizzes / assignments I give are in the first 5 minutes of the lecture. You also really need the 5% given for attendance to get an A. Also failing to maintain 70% attendance means you fail the course. Hand in assignments before the deadline.

Work Hard / Study Hard.

Have excellent time management skills. Don’t copy assignments from peers. Follow instructions. Attend all Quizzes / Mocks and Exams.

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Official Evaluation

The idea of this was not to boast but to show that: If I can get an A teaching the course, you definitely can get an A by

learning what is taught. I care about what you guys think of the course, my teaching methods

and your comments. So, please feel free to let me know of any comments that you have.

I actually teach 2 courses (µP & OS) I personally take both labs. (Helps me feel in control) I don’t remember the exact number and distribution but over the four separate classes that I teach, I averaged 70 out of 75. ≈ 93% ≈ A

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My Evaluation Statistics

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Instructor w as w ell prepared

Instructor had thorough know ledge of the subject matter

The class w as w ell organized

The instructor provided answ ers to the student questions

Enough suppor time is available from the faculty

The facility w as suitable for the class

The delivery of the lectures and the medium used is to your liking?

The pace of the lecture is to your liking?

The amount of material covered during the lecture is suff icient

The assessment tools used to judge student performance is to your liking ?

I w ould recommend this class to a friend

Handout materials contributed to the class

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What did you like best about the class?

I liked assembly language coding.

Like logical parts

Very friendly and helpful (I am guessing this was for me)

MCQ Quizzes – Unfortunately we wont be having any more.

Labs were challenging and fun

Free and Frank attitude and the seriousness and dedication

Lecture

Quotes

Everything is fine, love the concise parts

Your teaching style

Nothing Much19

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In what ways could this class be improved?

Decrease amount of stuff that needs to be memorized

Hard to remember so many descriptions

Sometimes class exercises are difficult so everyone isn't able to do them. It would be nice if the answers were given in the class.

More multiple choice quizzes

If we could actually build a system in the labs learning architecture would be simpler

Decrease the syllabus and spend more time on topics

The syllabus is huge.

The teacher should be a little bit of fast ???????

Add two mock finals20

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mock quiz

more quiz

Increase Syllabus, Decrease Depth

In my opinion, it would be better if all "describing" topics are described a little bit slower

Better practical

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Any additional comments or suggestions?

Will we miss the treat ?

Go slower during lectures.

You really work hard for the course – Thank you. :P

Sometimes you should give yourself a break – I have been saying that to myself for the past 4 years.

Taking quizzes at the end of classes on class lecture is in fact a good idea. It really does ensure we learnt something in class.

We were suppose to get a treat but I don’t know what takes your mind away from this topic. – Neither did I

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Sir, where is the treat?

More math problems

More quiz and assignments regardless of response

Asking students more questions while teaching – Will do

Two treats one before finals and one after

Don’t we deserve a treat for your tremendous performance? Didn’t your result make you happy ?

Confused :S

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Actions taken

They got their treat but, they also worked very hard.

I am going to spend more time on things.

Accommodate more quizzes and Mocks.

More challenging tasks in the labs.

More quizzes.

Do more problems and solutions in the class.

MCQs however will have to go. Might take a couple

Syllabus has unfortunately increased :S24

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Introduction:What is a Microprocessor?

What is a Microcontroller?

A microprocessor (abbreviated as µP or uP) is an electronic computers central processing unit (CPU) made from miniaturized transistors and other circuit elements on a single semiconductor integrated circuit (IC). It performs arithmetic, logic and control operations. It contains a control unit, an arithmetic & logic unit, registers and links to store data and connect to peripherals.

Dedicated to performing one task. Integrates the memory and other features of a microprocessor.

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Intel Pentium

Intel 8086

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Low-end – Simple control use. (Traffic Lights.)

High-end –• Complicated Controllers .(Robotics, Avionics etc.)• Data Processing. (CPU)

Applications:

Control – Where the processor is used to control/perform actions. Data Processing – Data Manipulation and Calculations.

Application Types:

Uses:

Most applications we use are high-end and use microprocessors for both Control and Data Processing.

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Complexity

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Microelectronic Device Complexity:

SSI (Small Scale Integration) - Less than 10 gates

MSI (Medium Scale Integration) - Between 10 gates and 100 gates. LSI (Large Scale Integration) - Between 100 and a 10000 gates VLSI (Very Large Scale Integration) - Greater then 10000 gates

Almost all current applications require VLSI.

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Microcomputer System

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Microprocessor

(CPU)

Timing

Bus Control

logic

Interface

Memory

Module

Interface

Mass Storag

e Device

Interface

I/O Device

s

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Components

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Hardware : CPU – Microprocessor Unit (MPU)

Logical, Arithmetic computations and control operations

Timer –Produces evenly spaced clock pulsesNeeded for synchronization. – Now Integrated

Memory Modules – Multiple They hold both data and instructions.

I/O Subsystem – External Devices and mass storage.

Bus System – Communication lines

Interface – Allows connection of Bus to devices. Buffering and decoding are two major functions.

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Software:

System SoftwareCollection of programs needed in the creation, preparation and execution of other programs ( Operating Systems – Windows XP)

High-Level Language – Instructions that are closer to English and the mental model used by programmers to solve problems. Translated to machine language using Compiler or Interpreter.

Programming:

User SoftwareSoftware which helps solve different problems and provides user level functionality. ( Applications – Microsoft Power Point)

Machine Language – Is understood and run by computerAssembly Language – Closely linked to Machine language, more readable for humans, Usually 1-1 mapping, translated to machine language using Assembler

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Operations

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CPU/Microprocessor should support :

1. Assignment and Arithmetic expression2. Unconditional Branches3. Conditional Branches (Relational & Logical

Expression)4. Looping5. Arrays and other Data Structures6. Subroutines7. I/O Operations

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Typical Microprocessor Architecture

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I/O Control Logic

Control Unit

Program Counter (PC )

Instructions Register

Processor Status Word (PSW)

Stack Pointer (SP)

Working Registers

Address Registers..

Arithmetic Registers..

Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)

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Reasons for using Microprocessors

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Cost Flexibility Development Time Speed Reliability

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Future Topics....

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Feedback

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Were you guys comfortable with the lecture ?

Is there anything you would like me to change ?

You are welcome to email me your suggestions and opinions. Last time I tried this everybody said it was fine. I guess people were shy and didn’t want to speak up. So, I brought in something where you can have your say anonymously !

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Discussion / Questions ?