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ascaparas/06ascaparas/06

BS Geodetic EngineeringDepartment of Geodetic Engineering

College of EngineeringUniversity of the Philippines

Diliman, Quezon City

GE 161Geometric Geodesy

GE 161GE 161Geometric GeodesyGeometric Geodesy

ascaparas/06ascaparas/06

Course OrientationCourse OrientationCourse Orientation

Lecture No. 1Lecture No. 1

Department of Geodetic EngineeringDepartment of Geodetic EngineeringUniversity of the PhilippinesUniversity of the Philippines

GE 161 – Geometric Geodesy

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Lecture No.1Lecture 1Lecture 1 GE 161 GE 161 –– Geometric GeodesyGeometric Geodesy Course IntroductionCourse Introduction

Course DetailsCourse Details

Course number : Course number : GE 161GE 161Course titleCourse title :: Geometric GeodesyGeometric GeodesyPrerequisite:Prerequisite: ES 21 ES 21 –– Mathematical Methods in Mathematical Methods in

EngineeringEngineeringGE 12 GE 12 –– General Surveying IIGeneral Surveying IIMATH 20 MATH 20 –– Euclidean Geometry Euclidean Geometry

Course creditCourse credit :: 3 units3 unitsCourse sectionCourse section :: MHUMHUClass scheduleClass schedule :: 4:00 4:00 –– 5:30 p.m., 5:30 p.m., MThMTh

Lecture No.1Lecture 1Lecture 1 GE 161 GE 161 –– Geometric GeodesyGeometric Geodesy Course IntroductionCourse Introduction

Course DescriptionCourse Description

History and development of geodesy; geometry History and development of geodesy; geometry of reference ellipsoid; coordinate systems; of reference ellipsoid; coordinate systems; computations for geodetic positions; geodetic computations for geodetic positions; geodetic reference systems and datumreference systems and datum

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Lecture No.1Lecture 1Lecture 1 GE 161 GE 161 –– Geometric GeodesyGeometric Geodesy Course IntroductionCourse Introduction

Main ReferencesMain References

Rapp, Richard R., Rapp, Richard R., Geometric GeodesyGeometric Geodesy, Ohio State , Ohio State University, Ohio State USA.University, Ohio State USA.National Imagery and Mapping Agency National Imagery and Mapping Agency (NIMA), (NIMA), Geodesy for the LaymanGeodesy for the Layman (online), (online), Department of Defense, USA.Department of Defense, USA.VanicekVanicek, P., , P., An Online Tutorial on GeodesyAn Online Tutorial on Geodesy(online), University of Brunswick, Canada(online), University of Brunswick, CanadaHeiskanenHeiskanen and Moritz, and Moritz, Physical GeodesyPhysical Geodesy, 1967, 1967LeickLeick, A., , A., GPS Surveying 3rd EditionGPS Surveying 3rd Edition

Lecture No.1Lecture 1Lecture 1 GE 161 GE 161 –– Geometric GeodesyGeometric Geodesy Course IntroductionCourse Introduction

Course ResourcesCourse Resources

BooksBooks

Virtual Class. Virtual Class. A virtual class on the University Virtual A virtual class on the University Virtual Class Environment (UVLE) at Class Environment (UVLE) at www.uvle.up.edu.phwww.uvle.up.edu.ph will will be created for this course. Course notes and lecture be created for this course. Course notes and lecture materials will be uploaded to this virtual class for the materials will be uploaded to this virtual class for the studentsstudents’’ use. Announcements and submission of use. Announcements and submission of assignments will also be facilitated in this virtual class.assignments will also be facilitated in this virtual class.Internet Websites. Internet Websites.

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Lecture No.1Lecture 1Lecture 1 GE 161 GE 161 –– Geometric GeodesyGeometric Geodesy Course IntroductionCourse Introduction

Class PoliciesClass Policies

1.1. AttendanceAttendance2.2. Long ExaminationsLong Examinations3.3. Missed Long ExamsMissed Long Exams4.4. Quizzes and AssignmentsQuizzes and Assignments5.5. Course Paper/projectCourse Paper/project6.6. Final ExaminationFinal Examination7.7. Exemption on the Final ExamExemption on the Final Exam

Lecture No.1Lecture 1Lecture 1 GE 161 GE 161 –– Geometric GeodesyGeometric Geodesy Course IntroductionCourse Introduction

Class PoliciesClass Policies

8.8. Computation of Grade:Computation of Grade:PrePre--final Grade:final Grade:

Long Examination Long Examination 65%65%Course Paper/ProjectCourse Paper/Project 20%20%Quizzes and AssignmentsQuizzes and Assignments 15%15%Final Grade:Final Grade:

PrePre--final Grade final Grade 70%70%Final ExaminationFinal Examination 30%30%

9.9. Grading SystemGrading System-- universityuniversity’’s standard scales standard scale

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ascaparas/06ascaparas/06

Course IntroductionCourse IntroductionCourse Introduction

Lecture No.1Lecture 1Lecture 1 GE 161 GE 161 –– Geometric GeodesyGeometric Geodesy Course IntroductionCourse Introduction

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Lecture No.1Lecture 1Lecture 1 GE 161 GE 161 –– Geometric GeodesyGeometric Geodesy Course IntroductionCourse Introduction

Why do we need to study Why do we need to study Geometric Geodesy?.... Geometric Geodesy?....

““EarthEarth”” MapMap

Lecture No.1Lecture 1Lecture 1 GE 161 GE 161 –– Geometric GeodesyGeometric Geodesy Course IntroductionCourse Introduction

What do we want as What do we want as Geodetic Engineers?Geodetic Engineers?……....……..We want to know what is on the surface of the ..We want to know what is on the surface of the

earth and we do this throughearth and we do this through……..

…….MAPPING.MAPPING…….which can be done by.which can be done by……....

....SURVEYING....SURVEYING

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Lecture No.1Lecture 1Lecture 1 GE 161 GE 161 –– Geometric GeodesyGeometric Geodesy Course IntroductionCourse Introduction

SurveyingSurveying……

Plane Plane SurveyingSurveying

Geodetic Geodetic SurveyingSurveying

MAPMAP

Considers the Considers the curvature of the curvature of the earthearth……

……Needs knowledge Needs knowledge in geodesy!!in geodesy!!

Lecture No.1Lecture 1Lecture 1 GE 161 GE 161 –– Geometric GeodesyGeometric Geodesy Course IntroductionCourse Introduction

So whereSo where’’s geometric geodesy?...s geometric geodesy?...

In surveying, what we are doing is mapping a In surveying, what we are doing is mapping a certain certain ““parcel of the surface of the earthparcel of the surface of the earth”…”…For us to For us to ““put togetherput together”” these parcels of the these parcels of the surface of the earth (like a jigsaw puzzle) and place surface of the earth (like a jigsaw puzzle) and place them on their correct them on their correct positionspositions to come up with a to come up with a meaningful representationmeaningful representation……. that is a map. that is a map……. . We need to We need to referencereference our surveys and position our surveys and position them into to a common spacethem into to a common space…… into an imaginary into an imaginary model of the earthmodel of the earth…………Referencing and Reference SystemsReferencing and Reference Systems for mapping for mapping purposes is the ultimate task of geometric geodesypurposes is the ultimate task of geometric geodesy

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Lecture No.1Lecture 1Lecture 1 GE 161 GE 161 –– Geometric GeodesyGeometric Geodesy Course IntroductionCourse Introduction

See the whole picture?!See the whole picture?!

““EarthEarth”” MapMapA complex, dynamic, A complex, dynamic,

immeasurable immeasurable ““objectobject””

mappingmapping

SURVEYSURVEY

Reference Reference Model/SystemModel/System

integrationintegration

A discrete, measurable, A discrete, measurable, understandable objectunderstandable object

Lecture No.1Lecture 1Lecture 1 GE 161 GE 161 –– Geometric GeodesyGeometric Geodesy Course IntroductionCourse Introduction

What is a Reference System then?!...What is a Reference System then?!...

A reference system is a defined A reference system is a defined surfacesurface in in which we which we ““referrefer”” (position) all our (position) all our surveys or mapping activities.surveys or mapping activities.

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Lecture No.1Lecture 1Lecture 1 GE 161 GE 161 –– Geometric GeodesyGeometric Geodesy Course IntroductionCourse Introduction

What is a Reference System then?!...What is a Reference System then?!...

topographic surfacetopographic surfacewhere we do our surveyswhere we do our surveys

The The ““GeoidGeoid””equipotentialequipotential surface where surface where we refer our leveling workswe refer our leveling works

The Reference The Reference Surface (ellipsoid)Surface (ellipsoid)

Lecture No.1Lecture 1Lecture 1 GE 161 GE 161 –– Geometric GeodesyGeometric Geodesy Course IntroductionCourse Introduction

So how do we make Reference So how do we make Reference Systems?....Systems?....

earthearth Clark, GRS, Clark, GRS, WGSWGS

Choose or define a Choose or define a reference ellipsoid reference ellipsoid

Geocentric or Geocentric or GeodeticGeodetic

Define the originDefine the origin

WGS84, WGS84, PRS92PRS92

Establish control Establish control networknetwork

Define Define geoidgeoidmodelmodel

Determine positions of Determine positions of the control stationsthe control stations

Define the Define the geoidgeoid--ellipsoid separationellipsoid separation

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Lecture No.1Lecture 1Lecture 1 GE 161 GE 161 –– Geometric GeodesyGeometric Geodesy Course IntroductionCourse Introduction

And what do we need?!....And what do we need?!....

1.1. Reference EllipsoidReference Ellipsoid2.2. Coordinate SystemsCoordinate Systems3.3. Control NetworkControl Network4.4. GeoidGeoid ModelModel5.5. Positions and Positions and

Positioning MethodsPositioning Methodsthe core of Geodesythe core of Geodesy

Lecture No.1Lecture 1Lecture 1 GE 161 GE 161 –– Geometric GeodesyGeometric Geodesy Course IntroductionCourse Introduction

Contents of Geometric GeodesyContents of Geometric Geodesy

1.1. Reference EllipsoidsReference Ellipsoids2.2. Reduction of Measurements to the EllipsoidsReduction of Measurements to the Ellipsoids3.3. Determination of Geodetic PositionsDetermination of Geodetic Positions4.4. Reference Systems and DatumReference Systems and Datum5.5. Datum TransformationDatum Transformation