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    11/26/2013 Engineering Drawing & Graphics1

    ENGINEERING DRAWING

    Lecture 5

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    Dimensioning :

    A dimension is a numerical value expressed byappropriate units of measurement and indicated on thedrawing by lines, symbols, and notes to define theobjects geometrical characteristics.

    All dimensions are placed in alignment with the bottomand right/left edge of the drawing and are referred to asthe unidirectional method or datum-line methodof dimensioining.

    Since nothing can be made to perfection; thereforesome dimensions have a tolerance. Hence if themanufactured object is within this range ( tolerance range), we will say that the produced part is acceptable.

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    Unidirectional or datum-linemethod of dimensioning :

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    Fundamental Rules :

    5. Select and arrange dimensions to avoid theaccumulation of tolerances.

    6. Center lines, object lines, or extension lines should notbe used as dimension lines.

    7. Show each dimension only once.

    8.Whenever possible, dimension each feature in the viewwhere it appears. Dimensioning to hidden lines shouldbe avoided.

    9. Unless clarity is improved, dimensions are shownoutside the outline of the part.

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    Application of Dimensions :

    To apply dimensions, one must first determine whichview is the principal view of the object. The principalviewis the one that most completely shows theobjects characteristics shape.

    Show as many dimensions as practical in the principalview, but avoid over-crowding.

    All dimensions for surfaces that show in this profileshould be given in this view.

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    Application of Dimensions :

    This figureillustrates athree-view

    drawing withthe principalview showingthe most

    dimensions.

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    Crossing Lines :

    Avoid crossing lines on a drawing wherever possible.

    To avoid crossing, the dimension for the shortestlength of the object should normally be placed nearestthe outline of the object and adjacent parallel

    dimension lines should be added in order of their size,with the longest dimension line the outmost one.

    Dimension lines should not be broken when they crossextension lines or leader lines. If extension lines crossdimension lines close to arrowheads, then a break inthe extension line is recommended.

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    Acceptable and unacceptable :

    Unnecessarycrossing

    This unnecessarycrossing can beavoided by usingmore extensionlines.

    Dimensions for

    shortest lengthsare placednearest tooutline.

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    Grouping Dimensions :

    In grouping dimensions, clarity is improved by placingdimension lines, extension lines, and numerals in linewhere space permits.

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    Staggering Dimensions :

    When space becomes restricted on a drawing, it isbetter to stagger columns of dimensions to eliminatethe possible interference or numerals.

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    Placement of Dimensions :

    Wherever practical,dimensions should beplaced outside the viewbeing dimensioned.

    Generally, the overalldimensions of a part areplace above and on theright of the principal view.

    Overall dimensions ofsurfaces that shown inprofile in two views areplaced between theseviews.

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    Placement of Dimensions :

    Dimensions are placed between extension lineswherever possible.

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    Dimensions for Holes :

    Dimensioning for round holes shows the size anddiameter tolerance of the hole.

    A leader is drawn to the outside point of the hole butin line with the centerline of the hole.

    When a general tolerancenote is not shown on a

    drawing, the hole mustbe provided withtolerance .

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    Dimensions for Holes :

    When hole diameters are indicated by dimension lines,the abbreviation for diameter (DIA) does not followthe hole size.

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    Dimensions for Holes :

    On the drawing, holes are normally located bydimensions to extensions of center lines.

    d

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    Dimensioning Radii :

    Curved surfaces shown on arcs of circles are

    dimensioned by drawing a radial dimension throughthe origin of the radius to the surface in question.

    The radial dimension line on small radii may be drawnon the side opposite the center instead of through it.The letter R follows the dimension of the radius.

    P f d R dii Di i i

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    Preferred Radii Dimensioning :

    P f d R dii Di i i

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    Preferred Radii Dimensioning :

    For a long radius,when the center fallsoutside the availablespace, the dimensionline is drawn toward

    the actual center; buta false center may beindicated anddimension line

    jogged to it, asshown above. ActualCenter

    FalseCenter

    E i #

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    Exercise # :

    Scale the two-viewdrawing. Add alldimensions and

    arrow heads,including hole sizes.Use unidirectionaldimensioningmethod.


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