Prof MakarandComputer Programming

forVJTI students

Welcome to Engineering

What is Engineering?

Engineering is Applied Science.

Engineering is the practical application of science and math to solve problems.

There is a BIG difference in your studies till Std XII and your studies for Engineering.

Welcome to VJTI

VJTI is an autonomous Institute.

Autonomy has its own advantages and disadvantages.

VJTI will give you a degree, you will have to get the knowledge.

Welcome to Avishkar Classes

Rules of Avishkar Classes

Come on time.

Wear decent clothes.

Every time bring your fee receipt.

In case of any problem, approach the office.

Rules of Avishkar Classes

Do not miss any lecture.

Concentrate during the lecture.

Visit website makarandsir.com

In case of any problem, approach the office.

Welcome to Computer Programming

Define a Computer?

It is a device which computes.

It is a device that computes, especially a programmable machine that performs high-speed mathematical or logical operations or that assembles, stores, correlates, or otherwise processes information.

Electronic

Computer Generations

First Generation (1940-52)

It was marked by the use of vacuum tubes as the electronic component since it was the only electronic component available then. The major disadvantages of these types of computers were large heat generation, requirement of heavy air conditioning and unreliable performance. The assembly of individual components was done manually.

Second Generation (1952-64)It used transistors in place of vacuum tubes. They were characterized by smaller size, less heat generation, less air conditioning, faster performance, more reliability and low maintenance as compared to the first generation of computers. Still the basic component was a discrete or separate entity. The many thousands of separate components had to be assembled by hand into functioning circuits. Fault finding and rectification was a tedious task due to the same reason.

Third Generation (1964-71)Integrated circuits technology made it possible to combine a handful of circuits into an integrated one on a small surface of silicon chip less than 5 mm square. Third generation used such ICs.These computers were characterized by smaller sizes, lower heat generation, less power requirement and more reliability as compared to second generation. Because of the new technology, initially it faced many problems with the manufacturing process, but once stabilized it required less human labour for manufacturing.

Fourth Generation (1971- )

It was the research in the field of integrated circuits that led to the development of LSIC (Large Scale Integrated Circuits) which could accommodate larger circuits on the same silicon chip. These computers are characterized by no need for air conditioning and minimum maintenance.They are also cheap in cost.

Characteristics of Computer

Speed Accuracy

Storage Versatility

Automation Diligence

Characteristics of Computer

Program

Data

AnswerInput Device

Output Device

Primary Memory

Control Unit

Arithmetic & Logical Unit (ALU)

Program

Data

AnswerInput Device

Output Device

Primary Memory

Control Unit

Arithmetic & Logical Unit (ALU)

Secondary Memory

Central Processing Unit (CPU)

Program

Data

AnswerInput Device

Output Device

Primary Memory

Control Unit

Arithmetic & Logical Unit (ALU)

Secondary Memory

Central Processing Unit (CPU)

Block Diagram of Computer

Flow of control

Flow of data

Computer Programming for

VJTI students

Prof Makarand