Lecture Notes in Computer Science 9167

Commenced Publication in 1973Founding and Former Series Editors:Gerhard Goos, Juris Hartmanis, and Jan van Leeuwen

Editorial Board

David HutchisonLancaster University, Lancaster, UK

Takeo KanadeCarnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA

Josef KittlerUniversity of Surrey, Guildford, UK

Jon M. KleinbergCornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA

Friedemann MatternETH Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland

John C. MitchellStanford University, Stanford, CA, USA

Moni NaorWeizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel

C. Pandu RanganIndian Institute of Technology, Madras, India

Bernhard SteffenTU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany

Demetri TerzopoulosUniversity of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA

Doug TygarUniversity of California, Berkeley, CA, USA

Gerhard WeikumMax Planck Institute for Informatics, Saarbrücken, Germany

More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/7407

Simon K.S. Cheung • Lam-for Kwok •

Harrison Yang • Joseph Fong • Reggie Kwan (Eds.)

Hybrid Learning

Innovation in Educational Practices

8th International Conference, ICHL 2015Wuhan, China, July 27–29, 2015Proceedings

123

EditorsSimon K.S. CheungThe Open University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Lam-for KwokCity University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Harrison YangCentral China Normal UniversityWuhanChina

and

State University of New York at OswegoOswego, NYUSA

Joseph FongCity University of Hong KongHong KongChina

and

International Hybrid Learning SocietyHong KongChina

Reggie KwanCaritas Institute of Higher EducationHong KongChina

ISSN 0302-9743 ISSN 1611-3349 (electronic)Lecture Notes in Computer ScienceISBN 978-3-319-20620-2 ISBN 978-3-319-20621-9 (eBook)DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-20621-9

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LNCS Sublibrary: SL1 – Theoretical Computer Science and General Issues

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Preface

Welcome to the proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Hybrid Learning(ICHL 2015). This year, ICHL 2015 was held in Wuhan, China, with our new host,Central China Normal University, during July 27–29, 2015.

In the past decade, hybrid learning has become one of the promising approaches toteaching and learning. Not only emphasizing an effective integration of face-to-face andtechnology-mediated learning, hybrid learning also encompasses any innovativecombination of different modes of learning. It provides a way forward for creatinglearning experiences to compensate for the shortcomings of, or at least to complement,conventional face-to-face learning. ICHL 2015 provided a platform for the exchange ofknowledge in these areas among researchers and practitioners.

The theme of ICHL 2015 was “Hybrid Learning in Practice.” Focus was placed oninnovation in education practices, especially on how hybrid learning is adopted in aninnovative way to enhance teaching and learning effectiveness. The conferenceincluded keynote talks and parallel paper presentations. This year, we received a totalof 104 paper submissions. After a rigorous review process, 34 papers were finallyselected for inclusion in this volume. The selected papers cover various aspects ofhybrid learning, including computer-supported collaborative learning, experiences inhybrid learning, improved flexibility in learning processes, learning styles andbehaviors, and the pedagogical issues of hybrid learning.

We would like to take this opportunity to thank the following parties who made theconference a success: (a) the Organizing Committee; (b) the Program Committee;(c) the conference organizers; (d) the conference sponsors; (e) all the conference par-ticipants; and (f) all the supporters.

We trust you will enjoy reading these papers.

July 2015 Simon K.S. CheungLam-for KwokHarrison YangJoseph FongReggie Kwan

Organization

Organizing Committee

Honorary Chairs

Zongkai Yang Central China Normal University, ChinaJoseph Fong City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong,

and International Hybrid Learning Society,Hong Kong, China

Reggie Kwan Caritas Institute of Higher Education, Hong Kong, China

Conference Chairs

Harrison Yang Central China Normal University, China, and StateUniversity of New York at Oswego, USA

Lam-for Kwok City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China

Program Chairs

Simon K.S. Cheung The Open University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, ChinaFu Lee Wang Caritas Institute of Higher Education, Hong Kong, China

Organization Chairs

Di Wu Central China Normal University, ChinaOliver Au The Open University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China

Financial Chairs

Titus Lo Caritas Institute of Higher Education, Hong Kong, ChinaIvan K.W. Lai Caritas Institute of Higher Education, Hong Kong, China

Local Arrangements Chairs

Qingtang Liu Central China Normal University, ChinaOliver Au The Open University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China

Registration Chairs

Qingtang Liu Central China Normal University, ChinaSteven Ng Caritas Institute of Higher Education, Hong Kong, China

Publicity Chairs

Wilfred Fong University of Toronto, CanadaKanishka Bedi U21Global Graduate School, Singapore

Owen Hall Jr. Pepperdine University, USAShudong Wang Shimane University, JapanFowie Ng The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China

Workshop Chairs

Jeanne Lam HKU School of Professional and Continuing Education,Hong Kong, China

Will Ma Hong Kong Shue Yan University, Hong Kong, China

Web Masters

Donny Lai City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, ChinaMelani Au HKU School of Professional and Continuing Education,

Hong Kong, China

Steering Committee

Joseph Fong City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, ChinaVictor Lee Hong Kong Management Association, Hong Kong, ChinaReggie Kwan Caritas Institute of Higher Education, Hong Kong, ChinaRonghuai Huang Beijing Normal University, ChinaLiming Zhang University of Macau, Macau, ChinaJeanne Lam HKU School of Professional and Continuing Education,

Hong Kong, ChinaKedong Li South China Normal University, ChinaJiping Zhang East China Normal University, China

International Program Committee

Oliver Au The Open University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, ChinaJiannong Cao The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong,

ChinaF.T. Chan HKU School of Professional and Continuing Education,

Hong Kong, ChinaKeith Chan The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong,

ChinaPeter Chan Brigham Young University at Hawaii, USASimon K.S. Cheung The Open University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, ChinaGiuliana Dettori Istituto per le Tecnologie Didattiche del CNR, ItalyJoseph Fong City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong,

and International Hybrid Learning Society,Hong Kong, China

Wilfred Fong University of Toronto, CanadaWolfgang Halang FernUniversität in Hagen, GermanyOwen Hall Jr. Pepperdine University, USAAndreas Henrich Universität Bamberg, Germany

VIII Organization

Reggie Kwan Caritas Institute of Higher Education, Hong Kong, ChinaLam-for Kwok City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, ChinaDonny Lai City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, ChinaIvan K.W. Lai Caritas Institute of Higher Education, Hong Kong, ChinaJeanne Lam HKU School of Professional and Continuing Education,

Hong Kong, ChinaJun Le Guangdong Radio and TV University, ChinaWill Ma Hong Kong Shue Yan University, Hong Kong, ChinaFowie Ng The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, ChinaJunjie Shang Peking University, ChinaLiana Stanescu University of Craiova, RomaniaJayshiro Tashiro University of Ontario Institute of Technology, CanadaStefanie Trausan-Matu University of Bucharest, RomaniaFu Lee Wang Caritas Institute of Higher Education, Hong Kong, ChinaTak Lam Wong Hong Kong Institution of Education, Hong Kong, ChinaDi Wu Central China Normal University, ChinaYouru Xie South China Normal University, ChinaAihua Wang Peking University, ChinaHarrison Yang Central China Normal University, China,

and State University of New York at Oswego, USAW.L. Yeung Lingnan University, Hong Kong, ChinaLiming Zhang University of Macau, Macau, ChinaGuodong Zhao Peking University, ChinaJianhua Zhao South China Normal University, ChinaYing Zhou Beijing Normal University, China

Organizers

Central China Normal University

The Open University of Hong Kong

Organization IX

International Hybrid Learning Society

Sponsors

HKU School of Professional and Continuing Education

CUSCS, The Chinese University of Hong Kong

City University of Hong Kong

Caritas Institute of Higher Education

Hong Kong Pei Hua Education Foundation

X Organization

Contents

Keynotes

Virtual Reality-Based Learning Environments: Recent Developmentsand Ongoing Challenges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Horace H.S. Ip and Chen Li

What Really Works in Hybrid Learning: A Cognitive Perspective . . . . . . . . . 15Jayshiro Tashiro, Patrick C.K. Hung, Miguel Vargas Martin,and Robert R. Tashiro

Applying Social Enterprise Concept: Exploratory Study at BangkokMetropolitan Administration Schools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

David Delahunty and Kongkiti Phusavat

Connecting Dots for Ubiquitous Learning Analytics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46Hiroaki Ogata and Kousuke Mouri

Experiences in Hybrid Learning

Investigating the Effectiveness of the Uses of Electronic and Paper-BasedDictionaries in Promoting Incidental Word Learning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

Di Zou, Haoran Xie, Fu Lee Wang, Tak-Lam Wong, and Qingyuan Wu

Flexible Hybrid Learning: Comparative Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70Katerina Kostolanyova, Radka Jurickova, Ivana Simonova,and Petra Poulova

Applying Grounded Theory Method in Building a Hybrid LearningActivities Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82

Kedong Li

Exploration of Hybrid Teaching of Software Engineering on StarC . . . . . . . . 94Jiangbo Shu, Beibei Wan, Jiaojiao Li, Zhaoli Zhang, Liang Wu,and Hai Liu

Feasibility Study of Hybrid Learning Strategy in Adult CorrespondenceEducation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106

Geng Chen, Ronghuai Huang, Cheng Xu, and Xiaoli Sun

Learning with Video: The Digital Knowledge Representationand Digital Reading. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118

Wenge Guo, Yang Li, and Jie Gao

Computer Supported Collaborative Learning

Potential of Social Media Not Only in Collaborative Learning: Expectationsand Reality Case Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137

Miloslava Cerna

Effectiveness of Collaborative Learning with Complex Tasks UnderDifferent Learning Group Formations: A Cognitive Load Perspective . . . . . . 149

Liming Zhang, Slava Kalyuga, Chee Ha Lee, Cheokpong Lei,and Jianli Jiao

Knowledge Trade and Sharing in Knowledge Management System . . . . . . . . 160Jong Chang Ahn and Soon Ki Jeong

Toward a Highly Interactive Model of Flipped Learning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173Cheng-Yu Tsai, Chih-Tsan Chang, Jenq-Muh Hsu, Hung-Hsu Tsai,Zhi-Cheng Dai, and Pao-Ta Yu

Collaborative Learning Using Social Media Tools in a BlendedLearning Course . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187

Jeanne Lam

The Impact of Online Discussion Platform on Students’Academic Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199

Kwan Keung Ng, Ching Hong Luk, Fu Lee Wang, and Louise Luk

Improved Flexibility of Learning Processes

The Expanding Online Learning Universe: Applicationsto Business Education . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211

Owen Hall Jr., Kenneth Ko, Robert Emrich, and Yingxi Lu

Development and Use of a Questionnaire for Evaluating K-12Smart Classroom. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218

Ronghuai Huang, Junfeng Yang, Yongbin Hu, and Xiaochen Wang

Research on Problem-Oriented Instruction Mode Supportedby Electronic Schoolbag . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231

Youru Xie, Qinlei Wang, Yaowei Li, Lam-for Kwok, Yang Yang,and Fengxi Guo

A Study of an E-schoolbag Supporting Flipped Classroom Modelfor Junior Mathematics Review Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243

Miaoshan Ni, Lam-for Kwok, Lanzhen Zhen, Youru Xie, Haiping Long,Xing Zheng, and Wei Li

A Study on the Development of an XML-Based E-Book Authoring System. . . . 255Joseph Fong, T.Y. Ku, and Simon K.S. Cheung

XII Contents

Study on Learner Model in Adaptive Learning System Based on AntColony Algorithm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267

Qingtang Liu, Jingxiu Huang, Linjing Wu, Jian Hu, and Min Hu

Learning Styles and Behaviours

Sequential-Global Learning Style Detection Based on Users’ NavigationPatterns in the Prerequisite Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 283

Yang Yang, Howard Leung, Zhanzhan Liu, Yongzhao Zhan,and Lanling Zeng

The Design of Intervention Model and Strategy Based on the Behavior Dataof Learners: A Learning Analytics Perspective . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 294

Fati Wu, Luoying Huang, and Rui Zou

Understanding Learners’ Intension Toward Massive Open Online Courses . . . 302River Chu, Erdan Ma, Yan Feng, and Ivan K.W. Lai

Learning Analytics of Cross-University Educational ResourceBased on THEOL Course Union. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 313

Qian Zhou, Xibin Han, and Juan Yang

An Investigation of Factors Influencing College Students’ MobileLearning Behavior. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 323

Lin Feng, Xiangyan Kong, Sha Zhu, and Harrison Hao Yang

A Comparison Study of Student Acceptance of Social Network Servicesand Mobile Technologies in Hybrid Learning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 334

Lui Lam and Fowie Ng

Pedagogical and Other Issues

Research on E-Learning Oriented Micro-Resources Organizationand Generation Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 349

Chune Guo, Linjing Wu, Qingtang Liu, Jiaying Qin, and Jian Hu

Districts Performance Evaluation of Informatization of Basic EducationBased on DEA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 359

Chun Lu, Congcong Li, and Di Wu

The Comparative Analysis of Teachers’ Inclinations to Problem EnrichedInstruction Based on Item Response Theory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 370

Lu Wang and Rongxiao Cai

Involving Students in Mobile Learning Content Development:Successes and Challenges. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 382

Shudong Wang, Douglas Jarrell, and Jun Iwata

Contents XIII

Visualizing and Understanding the Digital Divide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 394Sha Zhu, Harrison Hao Yang, and Lin Feng

How Video Games Enhance Learning: A Discussion of James Paul Gee’sViews in His Book What Video Games Have to Teach Us AboutLearning and Literacy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 404

Lu Zhang and Junjie Shang

Author Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 413

XIV Contents