Mr Rudie Filon Mr Rudie Filon 11stst Secretary Secretary

Development & CooperationDevelopment & CooperationEuropean Delegation to European Delegation to

China & MongoliaChina & Mongolia24 April 200924 April 2009

European Commission

EU – CHINA COOPERATIONEU – CHINA COOPERATIONPAST, PRESENT & FUTUREPAST, PRESENT & FUTURE

22

TODAY’S AGENDATODAY’S AGENDA

1.1. EU-China Relationship: ConceptEU-China Relationship: Concept2.2. Trade and InvestmentTrade and Investment3.3. Development & CooperationDevelopment & Cooperation4.4. EU-interest promotion: the next EU-interest promotion: the next

logical steplogical step

33

EU-CHINA RELATIONSEU-CHINA RELATIONS

1. 1. EU-CHINA RELATIONS: CONCEPTEU-CHINA RELATIONS: CONCEPT

44

HOW DO WE COMMUNICATE?HOW DO WE COMMUNICATE?

EU-China SummitsEU-China Summits

EU –China High Level MechanismEU –China High Level Mechanism

EU-China Joint Committee meetingsEU-China Joint Committee meetings• Prepared by Senior Officials MeetingPrepared by Senior Officials Meeting• Working groups at technical levelWorking groups at technical level

Sectoral DialoguesSectoral Dialogues

EU-China Troika Ministerial MeetingsEU-China Troika Ministerial Meetings

EU-China Strategic DialogueEU-China Strategic Dialogue

55

EU-China Diplomatic Relations: EU-China Diplomatic Relations: MilestonesMilestones

1975 – Establishment of diplomatic relations1975 – Establishment of diplomatic relations

1985 – EC and China sign Trade & Economic Agreement in Brussels1985 – EC and China sign Trade & Economic Agreement in Brussels

1988 – Delegation of the European Commission opens in Beijing1988 – Delegation of the European Commission opens in Beijing

1994 - Broad EU-China political dialogue established1994 - Broad EU-China political dialogue established

1995 - First EC Communication on EU-China relations is published1995 - First EC Communication on EU-China relations is published

1998 – First EU-China Summit held in London1998 – First EU-China Summit held in London

2004 - EU-China Summit in the Hague: ‘Strategic Relationship’2004 - EU-China Summit in the Hague: ‘Strategic Relationship’

2006 - EU-China Summit in Helsinki - Decision to launch negotiations for an 2006 - EU-China Summit in Helsinki - Decision to launch negotiations for an EU-China Partnership and Cooperation Agreement (PCA)EU-China Partnership and Cooperation Agreement (PCA)

66

EU-China Diplomatic Relations: EU-China Diplomatic Relations: MilestonesMilestones

2007 Beijing EU – China Summit: need 2007 Beijing EU – China Summit: need for a more balanced trade & economic for a more balanced trade & economic partnership. Tool = High Level partnership. Tool = High Level Mechanism should enhance political Mechanism should enhance political dialogue and consultation at all levels. dialogue and consultation at all levels.

2008 First HLM held in April between 2008 First HLM held in April between President Barroso and PM Wen JiabaoPresident Barroso and PM Wen Jiabao

2009 22009 2ndnd HLM planned in Brussels in HLM planned in Brussels in MayMay

77

EU DELEGATION IN BEIJINGEU DELEGATION IN BEIJING

Head of Delegation – “EU Ambassador” (anticipates Lisbon Head of Delegation – “EU Ambassador” (anticipates Lisbon Treaty)Treaty)

Deputy Head of DelegationDeputy Head of Delegation

SectionsSections• PoliticalPolitical• Trade and EconomicsTrade and Economics• Development and CooperationDevelopment and Cooperation• Science, Technology and EnvironmentScience, Technology and Environment• Information Society and MediaInformation Society and Media• Finance and ContractsFinance and Contracts• AdministrationAdministration• Press and InformationPress and Information

88

EU’s China PolicyEU’s China Policy

Engage China further, both bilaterally and on the Engage China further, both bilaterally and on the world stage, through an upgraded political dialogue;world stage, through an upgraded political dialogue;

Support China's transition to an open society based Support China's transition to an open society based on the rule of law and respect for human rights;on the rule of law and respect for human rights;

Encourage China’s integration into the world trading Encourage China’s integration into the world trading system and support its economic and social reform system and support its economic and social reform process;process;

Raise EU's profile in China.Raise EU's profile in China.

99

Rationale for a Rationale for a Closer RelationshipCloser Relationship

EU and China are major economies and trade EU and China are major economies and trade partnerspartners

Both are key regional and global playersBoth are key regional and global players

Both are driving forces for globalization (WTO)Both are driving forces for globalization (WTO)

Both are committed to promote peace and Both are committed to promote peace and stability on a regional and global scalestability on a regional and global scale

1010

EU – CHINA RELATIONSEU – CHINA RELATIONS

2. Trade and Investment

1111

CHINA’S ECONOMY –SIGNIFICANCECHINA’S ECONOMY –SIGNIFICANCE

4th largest world economy 4th largest world economy 3rd trading power (3rd trading power ($1.15 trillion,$1.15 trillion, after EU and after EU and

US)US) 2002: similar to Italy’s 2002: similar to Italy’s 2010: similar to Germany’s 2010: similar to Germany’s 2020: will duplicate with regards to year 20002020: will duplicate with regards to year 2000 2020: 2nd world economy after US2020: 2nd world economy after US

1212

CHINA’S ECONOMY – CHINA’S ECONOMY – PERFORMANCEPERFORMANCE

Chinese exports doubled in just over 5 years

In contrast, it took Germany 10 years in 1960s

1313

CHINA’S ECONOMY - RISKSCHINA’S ECONOMY - RISKS

• Bubbles in Real Estate Bubbles in Real Estate • Hiccups in Stock Exchange MarketHiccups in Stock Exchange Market• State Sector reforms - unemployment State Sector reforms - unemployment

– social instability– social instability• Environmental damageEnvironmental damage• Energy scarcity / high energy costsEnergy scarcity / high energy costs

But analysts agree that risks are controllable But analysts agree that risks are controllable and will affect rhythm of reforms, not the path and will affect rhythm of reforms, not the path chosen.chosen.

1414

INEVITABLY .INEVITABLY . . . . .

- The financial crisis – China’s - The financial crisis – China’s perspectiveperspective- The full blow is now also felt in China- The full blow is now also felt in China- Aim to maintain 8% growth may be - Aim to maintain 8% growth may be hard to achievehard to achieve- Some say it could even be 5% but - Some say it could even be 5% but unconfirmedunconfirmed

1515

FINANCIAL CRISISFINANCIAL CRISIS

Government has taken immediate action to stimulate Government has taken immediate action to stimulate the economy:the economy:4 trillion RMB4 trillion RMB stimulus package stimulus package

No full consensus: could bring targeted economic No full consensus: could bring targeted economic growth but strong focus on infrastructure (although growth but strong focus on infrastructure (although already modern) without fiscal and economic already modern) without fiscal and economic reforms, social security, more education investment reforms, social security, more education investment (innovation!), domestic consumption promotion.(innovation!), domestic consumption promotion.

1616

FINANCIAL CRISISFINANCIAL CRISIS

Analysts believe China may recover quicker Analysts believe China may recover quicker than other countries:than other countries:

Large but still developing economyLarge but still developing economy

Financial sector fundamentally soundFinancial sector fundamentally sound

Substantial financial reservesSubstantial financial reserves

1717

CRISIS MAY ALSO MEAN OPPORTUNITYCRISIS MAY ALSO MEAN OPPORTUNITY

The word The word ‘crisis’ (‘crisis’ (WeijiWeiji)) in Mandarin is in Mandarin is composed of two characters, composed of two characters, 危 危 wei,wei, meaning meaning dangerdanger and and 机 机 ji, ji, which stands for which stands for opportunityopportunity. .

Risks definitely exist but Chinese investors might Risks definitely exist but Chinese investors might well come out on top as global players and well come out on top as global players and competitors, with the real prospects of competitors, with the real prospects of participating in the ownership of key foreign participating in the ownership of key foreign financial groups as strategic investors or even financial groups as strategic investors or even majority shareholders.majority shareholders.

1818

CONCLUSIONCONCLUSION

The downturn will be painful The downturn will be painful also for China but will also also for China but will also provide an opportunity to provide an opportunity to upgrade manufacturing. A upgrade manufacturing. A “leaner & meaner” China may “leaner & meaner” China may emerge once the economy emerge once the economy picks up again!picks up again!

1919

EU-CHINA TRADE: SIZE & SCOPE

China is EU’s 2nd biggest trading partner (after US) (16,24% of imports, 5,8% exports)

EU is China's first trading partner (ahead of US and Japan)

EU enjoyed a trade surplus with China at the beginning of the 1980s

EU's biggest bilateral trade deficit in 2007: €159,8 billion (and widening)

2020

OR IN OTHER WORDS . . .OR IN OTHER WORDS . . .

EU companies in China EU companies in China achieve sales of 24 Mio € or achieve sales of 24 Mio € or

exports of 5 Mio € per hourexports of 5 Mio € per hour !!! !!!

2121

OUR TRADEOUR TRADE

EU exportsEU exports• MachineryMachinery• Transport equipmentTransport equipment

EU importsEU imports• MachineryMachinery• TextilesTextiles

2222

CHINA’S TRADE BALANCECHINA’S TRADE BALANCE

SustainedSustained growthgrowth of imports and exports of imports and exports

Surplus reached a new record in 2007Surplus reached a new record in 2007

HugeHuge trade surplus with US and EUtrade surplus with US and EU

Trade Trade deficit with most Asian countriesdeficit with most Asian countries

Almost balanced with AfricaAlmost balanced with Africa

2323

China, a globalisation China, a globalisation success success story, not story, not a globalisation a globalisation scare scare story!story!

China stands for the benefits of globalisation. China stands for the benefits of globalisation.

China's growth has meant:China's growth has meant:• cheaper goods in European shopscheaper goods in European shops• cheaper inputs for European businesscheaper inputs for European business• more competitive European companiesmore competitive European companies• growing markets for Europe's exporters growing markets for Europe's exporters • lower interest rates and inflation in Europelower interest rates and inflation in Europe

2424

BUT NOT ONLY BENEFITS . . .BUT NOT ONLY BENEFITS . . .

Europe has an economic interest in an Europe has an economic interest in an economically strong China, and both sides economically strong China, and both sides have an interest in economic openness. have an interest in economic openness.

However China also stands for the central However China also stands for the central challenge of globalisation: tough new challenge of globalisation: tough new economic competition. economic competition.

Europe has to face up to that competition, Europe has to face up to that competition, while insisting that it is fair competition.while insisting that it is fair competition.

2525

China’s growing trade means China’s growing trade means growing expectationsgrowing expectations

European companies, while gaining from China's growth, European companies, while gaining from China's growth, continue to face serious barriers to access China's market.continue to face serious barriers to access China's market.

There is a growing risk that the EU-China trading There is a growing risk that the EU-China trading relationship will not be seen as genuinely reciprocal. relationship will not be seen as genuinely reciprocal.

China has reached a stage in its development when it is China has reached a stage in its development when it is legitimate to point to China’s growing responsibilities: to legitimate to point to China’s growing responsibilities: to maintain an open global trading system, and to remove maintain an open global trading system, and to remove barriers further to trade. barriers further to trade.

2626

AND MORE EXPECTATIONS . . .AND MORE EXPECTATIONS . . .

China also has to commit to trading fairly, China also has to commit to trading fairly, and reduce state interference in the and reduce state interference in the economy. economy.

Europe and China can achieve these things Europe and China can achieve these things through dialogue. through dialogue.

But where other efforts fail, Europe uses But where other efforts fail, Europe uses WTO dispute settlement system to ensure WTO dispute settlement system to ensure obligations are met and rules enforcedobligations are met and rules enforced

2727

NON-TARIFF BARRIERS - 1NON-TARIFF BARRIERS - 1

Product certification, labelling Product certification, labelling standards, import approval standards, import approval requirements, customs clearance requirements, customs clearance delays. delays.

The application of laws is often not The application of laws is often not uniform and regional variations in uniform and regional variations in customs procedures have a negative customs procedures have a negative impact on trade.impact on trade.

2828

NON-TARIFF BARRIERS - 2NON-TARIFF BARRIERS - 2

Unreasonable sanitary and health Unreasonable sanitary and health requirements can also create barriers requirements can also create barriers that hamper exports to China, not least that hamper exports to China, not least because Chinese national standards because Chinese national standards often differ significantly from often differ significantly from international standards.international standards.

2929

MAIN ISSUE FOR EU EXPORTERSMAIN ISSUE FOR EU EXPORTERS

High compliance costs and extended delays for business which impact on their ability to sell on the China market, affecting in particular EU small and medium enterprises.

3030

IPR PROTECTIONIPR PROTECTION

IPR Protection:IPR Protection:

• Chinese government is committed to Chinese government is committed to changing the situationchanging the situation

• There isThere is a legal framework, but still a legal framework, but still too weak (no dissuasive approach)too weak (no dissuasive approach)

• Local governments fail to comply Local governments fail to comply with the law, due to local interestswith the law, due to local interests

• Major problem: enforcement of IPR Major problem: enforcement of IPR legislative initiativeslegislative initiatives

3131

INVESTMENTINVESTMENT

China investment in EU has China investment in EU has so farso far been been insignificantinsignificant

EU investment in China sustained over EU investment in China sustained over the last ten yearsthe last ten years

EU is the third largest investor in ChinaEU is the third largest investor in China

3232

INVESTMENT BARRIERSINVESTMENT BARRIERS

In many manufacturing and services sectors European In many manufacturing and services sectors European investors are still prevented from setting up wholly owned investors are still prevented from setting up wholly owned foreign enterprises and are required to establish joint foreign enterprises and are required to establish joint ventures with Chinese partners. ventures with Chinese partners.

In the telecom and financial services sector, EU firms have In the telecom and financial services sector, EU firms have been unable to expand significantly because of high capital been unable to expand significantly because of high capital requirements and complex approval procedures. requirements and complex approval procedures.

In the manufacturing sector, China continues to maintain In the manufacturing sector, China continues to maintain investment restrictions on some key industries for Europe investment restrictions on some key industries for Europe such as automobiles, petrochemicals or steelsuch as automobiles, petrochemicals or steel

3333

WHY EU COMPANIES WHY EU COMPANIES COME TO CHINACOME TO CHINA . . . . . .

??????

3434

WHY EU COMPANIES WHY EU COMPANIES COME TO CHINACOME TO CHINA . . . . . .

1. 1. PRODUCE GOODS IN CHINA PRODUCE GOODS IN CHINA FOR CHINAFOR CHINA

3535

WHY EU COMPANIES WHY EU COMPANIES COME TO CHINACOME TO CHINA . . . . . .

2. 2. ESTABLISH OR EXPAND ESTABLISH OR EXPAND REGIONAL BASEREGIONAL BASE

3636

WHY EU COMPANIES WHY EU COMPANIES COME TO CHINACOME TO CHINA . . . . . .

3. 3. REQUEST FROM REQUEST FROM CUSTOMERS IN HOME CUSTOMERS IN HOME COUNTRYCOUNTRY

3737

EU-CHINA RELATIONSEU-CHINA RELATIONS

3. DEVELOPMENT & COOPERATION3. DEVELOPMENT & COOPERATION

3838

AS A REMINDER . . .AS A REMINDER . . .

IN SPITE OF ITS ECONOMIC PROWESS IN SPITE OF ITS ECONOMIC PROWESS EVEN TODAY CHINA STILL IS EVEN TODAY CHINA STILL IS

A DEVELOPING COUNTRY!!!!A DEVELOPING COUNTRY!!!!

3939

DEVELOPMENTAL CHALLENGESDEVELOPMENTAL CHALLENGES

Widening income gap between rich and poorWidening income gap between rich and poor Widening income gap between interior areas and Widening income gap between interior areas and

costal regions, urban and rural areascostal regions, urban and rural areas Poor labour conditionsPoor labour conditions CorruptionCorruption Imbalance between economic development and Imbalance between economic development and

environmental & social developmentenvironmental & social development Often lack of know-how/expertise/best practice on Often lack of know-how/expertise/best practice on

how to improve the situationhow to improve the situation

4040

HURDLES ON THE ROAD TO CHINA’S HURDLES ON THE ROAD TO CHINA’S SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENTSUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

Major problem areas:Major problem areas: Demographics – ageing populationDemographics – ageing population Inadequate social security systemInadequate social security system Lack of efficient health care systemLack of efficient health care system High energy consumptionHigh energy consumption Dependency on coal and other highly Dependency on coal and other highly

polluting substancespolluting substances High demand for natural resourcesHigh demand for natural resources

4141

PUBLIC MISPERCEPTIONSPUBLIC MISPERCEPTIONS

““IT’S A SCANDAL THAT THE EU GIVES IT’S A SCANDAL THAT THE EU GIVES MONEY TO CHINA!”MONEY TO CHINA!”

““CHINA DOES NOT NEED THE EU. IT IS CHINA DOES NOT NEED THE EU. IT IS STRONG AND SUCCESSFUL ALREADY”STRONG AND SUCCESSFUL ALREADY”

““CHINA’S INCREASING PROMINENCE CHINA’S INCREASING PROMINENCE ON THE WORLD STAGE IS A THREAT”ON THE WORLD STAGE IS A THREAT”

4242

SO WHAT JUSTIFIES EU-CHINA SO WHAT JUSTIFIES EU-CHINA COOPERATION???COOPERATION???

China has money enough to buy all China has money enough to buy all necessary expertisenecessary expertise

BUTBUT

By providing EU expertise and paying By providing EU expertise and paying (part of) it the EU is able to influence (part of) it the EU is able to influence the Chinese reform agendathe Chinese reform agenda

4343

EU – CHINA COOPERATIONEU – CHINA COOPERATION

EVOLUTIONEVOLUTION:: 1980’S: HELP CHINA FEED CHINA1980’S: HELP CHINA FEED CHINA 1990’S: TRADITIONAL COOPERATION 1990’S: TRADITIONAL COOPERATION

INCLUDING SUPPORT FOR CHINESE INCLUDING SUPPORT FOR CHINESE INDUSTRYINDUSTRY

NOW: JOINT INTEREST COOPERATIONNOW: JOINT INTEREST COOPERATION FUTURE: LESS BUT MORE TARGETED FUTURE: LESS BUT MORE TARGETED

COOPERATION SUPPLEMENTED BY MORE COOPERATION SUPPLEMENTED BY MORE EU INTEREST PROMOTIONEU INTEREST PROMOTION

4444

EU – CHINA COOPERATIONEU – CHINA COOPERATION

Bilateral Co-operation Programmes Regional Co-operation Programmes EU 7th Research Framework Programme EU Human Rights and Democracy

Programme European Community Humanitarian Aid

Office (ECHO) Non-Governmental Organisation (NGO)

budget

4545

BILATERAL COOPERATIONBILATERAL COOPERATION

The present The present bilateralbilateral co-operation portfolio co-operation portfolio includes 20 projects with an overall budget of includes 20 projects with an overall budget of about € 180 m. about € 180 m.

All recent projects are Technical Assistance. All recent projects are Technical Assistance. EU stopped paying for offices, project EU stopped paying for offices, project infrastructure, project cars etc. but rather infrastructure, project cars etc. but rather expects China to provide these. expects China to provide these.

4646

PRIORITY ISSUESPRIORITY ISSUES

• China’s Economic and Social Reform Programme China’s Economic and Social Reform Programme (WTO, Western Development Strategy, Industrial (WTO, Western Development Strategy, Industrial Restructuring, Unemployment, ...)Restructuring, Unemployment, ...)

• China’s Impact on the Global Environment China’s Impact on the Global Environment (Energy, Forestry)(Energy, Forestry)

• China’s environment and sustainable China’s environment and sustainable development (Water conservation, soil development (Water conservation, soil contamination, biodiversity, air pollution)contamination, biodiversity, air pollution)

4747

FOCAL SECTORSFOCAL SECTORS

EU Focus on EU Focus on ThreeThree Main Areas Main Areas

• Support and Provide increased Sustainability in Support and Provide increased Sustainability in Chinas Economic and Social Reform ProcessChinas Economic and Social Reform Process

• Promoting Environmental Policy and Actions Promoting Environmental Policy and Actions aiming at Sustainable Developmentaiming at Sustainable Development

• Encourage good governance initiativesEncourage good governance initiatives

4848

KEY BILATERAL PROJECTSKEY BILATERAL PROJECTS

Trade, Energy & Human Resources Development SectorTrade, Energy & Human Resources Development Sector

• EU–China Trade ProjectEU–China Trade Project

• Intellectual Property Rights protection 2Intellectual Property Rights protection 2ndnd phase phase

• Civil Aviation programmeCivil Aviation programme

• Managers Exchange & Training ProgrammeManagers Exchange & Training Programme

• Energy and Environment ProgrammeEnergy and Environment Programme

4949

KEY BILATERAL PROJECTSKEY BILATERAL PROJECTS

Good Governance SectorGood Governance Sector

• EU-China Law SchoolEU-China Law School• Thematic and horizontal budget linesThematic and horizontal budget lines• Social Security Cooperation ProjectSocial Security Cooperation Project• Social Protection programme (new)Social Protection programme (new)• Information Society programmeInformation Society programme

5050

KEY BILATERAL PROJECTSKEY BILATERAL PROJECTS

Environment & Sustainable Development Environment & Sustainable Development SectorSector

• Natural Forest Management ProjectNatural Forest Management Project• Biodiversity ProgrammeBiodiversity Programme• River Basin Management Programme River Basin Management Programme

5151

KEY PROJECTS - REGIONALKEY PROJECTS - REGIONAL

REGIONAL COOPERATIONREGIONAL COOPERATION

70 projects with an overall budget of about €20m.70 projects with an overall budget of about €20m.• Asia InvestAsia Invest• Asia LinkAsia Link• Asia IT&C Asia IT&C • Asia ProEcoAsia ProEco• Asia UrbsAsia Urbs• SWITCH (SWITCH (NEW)NEW)

5252

FUTURE COOPERATIONFUTURE COOPERATION

FRAMEWORK: DEVELOPMENT FRAMEWORK: DEVELOPMENT COOPERATION INSTRUMENT - DCI (FROM 1COOPERATION INSTRUMENT - DCI (FROM 1STST JANUARY 2007)JANUARY 2007)

NEW CHINA STRATEGY PAPER (2007-2013)NEW CHINA STRATEGY PAPER (2007-2013) NEW MULTIANNUAL INDICATIVE NEW MULTIANNUAL INDICATIVE

PROGRAMME 2007 – 2010PROGRAMME 2007 – 2010 CONTINUATION OF STRATEGIC AREAS OF CONTINUATION OF STRATEGIC AREAS OF

COOPERATION (CLIMATE CHANGE, COOPERATION (CLIMATE CHANGE, AVIATION, TRADE INTEGRATION, SOCIAL AVIATION, TRADE INTEGRATION, SOCIAL PROTECTION)PROTECTION)

5353

EU-CHINA RELATIONSEU-CHINA RELATIONS

4. EU-INTEREST PROMOTION: 4. EU-INTEREST PROMOTION: THE NEXT LOGICAL STEPTHE NEXT LOGICAL STEP

5454

NEW: EU-INTEREST PROMOTIONNEW: EU-INTEREST PROMOTION

DEVELOPMENT COOPERATION = DEVELOPMENT COOPERATION = BENEFICIARY INTERESTBENEFICIARY INTEREST

NEW BUDGET = EU INTERESTNEW BUDGET = EU INTEREST

AIMS TO SUPPORT COMMERCIAL, AIMS TO SUPPORT COMMERCIAL, S&T, ACADEMIC AND POSSIBLY S&T, ACADEMIC AND POSSIBLY EVEN CULTURAL EU INTERESTS IN EVEN CULTURAL EU INTERESTS IN CHINACHINA

5555

EU-INTEREST ACTIONS IN CHINAEU-INTEREST ACTIONS IN CHINA

Managers & scientists trainingManagers & scientists training Support to market entry of SMEs Support to market entry of SMEs

through matchmaking eventsthrough matchmaking events IPR helpdeskIPR helpdesk Standardisation supportStandardisation support People-to-people networkingPeople-to-people networking EU event venueEU event venue

5656

EU-INTEREST ACTIONS IN CHINA - EU-INTEREST ACTIONS IN CHINA - TIMINGTIMING

Science & Technology Fellowship Science & Technology Fellowship China intake 1 started in April 2009. China intake 1 started in April 2009. Funding for 2Funding for 2ndnd intake secured to start in intake secured to start in April 2010. April 2010.

EU Centre for SME support will operate EU Centre for SME support will operate from late 2009. from late 2009.

5757

EU INTEREST PROMOTIONEU INTEREST PROMOTION

FROM 2010:FROM 2010:

PERMANENT BUDGET LINE IN PERMANENT BUDGET LINE IN EUROPEAN COMMISSION’S BUDGETEUROPEAN COMMISSION’S BUDGETENSURING LONG-TERM APPROACHENSURING LONG-TERM APPROACH

5858

EU-CHINA RELATIONSEU-CHINA RELATIONS

XIE XIE (Thank you)!XIE XIE (Thank you)!

Mr. Rudie FilonMr. Rudie Filon11stst Secretary (Development & Cooperation) Secretary (Development & Cooperation)

EU Delegation to China & MongoliaEU Delegation to China & Mongolia

The views expressed by the presenter are not necessarily those of the European CommissionThe views expressed by the presenter are not necessarily those of the European Commission