lecture_12_project planning and scheduling

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RECORD KEEPING…

•CONTINUED…


Documenting the Process•Documentation• Collecting evidence of the thinking process• A record of ideas and development work

•Engineer’s notebook•Used in industry• Careful record of ideas, calculations, thoughts, and plans•May be used to support a patent application


Documenting the Process

•Design portfolio•Used in creative fields•Documents the thinking and physical work of an individual•May include previous projects


Drawing…•Preliminary sketches•Develop and present your ideas

•Annotated sketches• Adds notes about materials, fasteners, and other features

•Developmental sketches and drawings• Add more detail as ideas are refined


Drawing…PRELIMINARY … ANNOTATED… DEVELOPMENTAL…


Production drawings…

•Final stage•Contain information needed to actually make the solution•Often drawn to scale


Production drawings…


Developing an Engineer’s Notebook and Design Portfolio

• Engineer’s notebook• Typically bound with numbered pages• Keeps written record of all completed work

• Design portfolio• Used to show the design process to clients• Aesthetic presentation is important


Developing an Engineer’s Notebook and Design Portfolio

• Components of a portfolio• Title page• Page numbering• Table of contents• Often landscape orientation• Logo• Binding on the left side or the top• Page content


Portfolio Page Layout


PLANNING & SCHEDULINGPROJECT


PROJECT PLANNING

Project planning is a field of study which helps people to complete a project within a certain timeframe, with defined stages, and designated resources.


PROJECT PLANNING

IDENTIFYING PREORITY RELATIONS

AMONG THE TASKS

ESTIMATING RESOURSE REQUIREMENTSBUGET PERSONNEL FACILITY

DURATION TASKS - DURATION SUB-TASKS- DURATION

Dividing the PROJECTTASKS SUB-TASKS


BENEFITS OF PROJECT PLANNING• Sets a guideline for finishing the project on time.• Provides continuous, uninterrupted work flow with no delays.• Establishes tight control on project costs.• Reduces amount of re-work, and minimizes the number of changes in the

project tasks, and subtasks.• Increases the knowledge about project status through timely reports to

management.• Establishes clear knowledge of scheduled times for main project tasks, and

subtasks.• Provides stability between team members, and their responsibilities.• Integrates all the work together to ensure a good quality project for the owner.


Differences Between Project Planning and Scheduling

• BIG PICTURE• SERIES OF COMPONENTS WITHIN THE

MAIN PLAN, QUALITY, RISK ASSESMENT, COMMUNICATION, PROCUREMENT AND IMPROVEMENT

PLANNING

• DATES AND DURATION• RELYS ON SOFTWARE• GANTT CHART

SCHEDULING


Scheduling (1)• As a part of your design proposal, you are required to

include a “time line” which shows how you will progress toward completing your project.• A “time line” is simply a proposed schedule based on

your “best estimate” of • what the necessary task are, • when you will do them, • how long it will take you to complete them, and • what your deadlines are.


Scheduling (2)•EXPECTED PROGRESS

•REALISING THE DESIGN


Project Planning Tools

GANTT CHART

CRITICAL PATH METHOD (CPM)

PROGRAM EVALUATION REVIEW TECHNIQUE (PERT)

VARAION AND COMBINATIONS OF ABOVE METHOD

SOFTWARE PAKAGEShttp://www.pm-software-tools.com/

http://www.pm-software-tools.com/


What is Gantt Chart ? (1)

BAR CHART1917 by Henry L.

Gantt

LIST OF ALL NECESSARY

TASK

START AND ANTICIPATED

COMPLETION BY HORIZANTAL

BAR


Elements of Gantt Chart (2)

ELEEMENTS TO

SUCCESSFULLY CONSTRUCT THE GANTT CHART ARE

(1)Identifying the tasks to complete the design

(2)Estimating the time required to complete each task,

(3)Estimating the time required to complete each task,

(4)Identifying deadlines


Identifying Tasks in Scheduling (1)

IDENTIFY THE TOPICASSEMBLE THE DESIGN TEAM

IDENTIFY ALTERNATIVESSUBMIT TOPIC FORM

CONDUCT RESEARCH



ESTABLISH PERSONAL CONTACTSCREEN ALTERNATIVES

OBTAIN DATAANALYZE DATA

DEVELOP PRIMARY DESIGN



Prepare Draft Proposal



REVISE THE DRAFT PROPOSAL

SUBMIT PROPOSAL

DEVELOP DETAILED DESIGN

EVALUATE THE DETAILD DESIGN

REFINE DESIGN



PREPARE A FINAL DESIGN

PREPARE PRESENTATION

REHEARSE PRESENTATION

MAKE PRESENTATION

PREPARE DRAFT FINAL REPORT



REVISE DRAFT FINAL REPORT

SUBMIT THE FINAL REPORT


Identifying the Time Sequence• It is obvious from looking at the above list that some

tasks must be completed before others can begin.• You can not write your proposal until you have identified

a design topic.• Similarly, you cannot rehearse your presentation until

you have prepard it.• It is also obvious that some tasks are really deadlines,

i.e. “make presentation” and “submit final report”.• The remaining tasks can be arranged in approximately

in the order in which they must logically started.


Estimating Task Duration• Most of the tasks on the list will require some time to

accomplish.• Estimating the amount of time necessary depends

quite a bit on experience. • Some students tend to underestimate/overestimate

how long it will take them to do anything. • In the absence of experience, be conservative but

realistic.• Remember you have non-negotiable deadlines to

meet.•Anticipate problems and plan accordingly.


Constructing the Chart (1)• Usually, open bars of the appropriate length are used

to indicate the duration of the task. (Open bars are used so they can later be filled in to indicate progress.)• The bar begins when the task is

scheduled to start and ends when the task is expected to end.

• Some tasks can overlap and can be worked on simultaneously.


Constructing the Chart (2)

• Other tasks must await completion of an earlier task.

• For example, you can be writing some parts of the final report while you are completing the final design, but you can't revise your report until it has been written and reviewed


A Gantt Chart Example


Using the Chart (1)

PROPOSED SCHEDULE

PROGRESS CHART


Also used to …

identify what resources are needed and

when they are needed

to see when extra

manpower is needed to meet

a deadline


Uses of Gantt Chart…If things change, update your schedule, but remember that your deadlines are fixed!

Life is 10% of what happens to you and 90% of how you react to it.


Uses of Gantt Chart…Record of progress…the open bar is filled in and the actual start and finish dates shown next to the scheduled start and completion times.


Uses of Gantt Chart…

On future projects, this information can be used to gain a better estimate of how long it takes a team to complete various tasks.