lecture2. some vr systems & applications
DESCRIPTION
Lecture2. Some VR Systems & Applications. 고려대학교 그래픽스 연구실. Contents. Graphical Input Devices Some VR Systems VR Applications Problems. Graphical Input Devices. Logical Input Devices 3D Input Devices. Logical Input Device Types. Choice Keyboard Valuators Locators. Choice. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Virtual Reality
Lecture2. Some VR Systems & Applications
고려대학교 그래픽스 연구실
Contents
• Graphical Input Devices• Some VR Systems• VR Applications• Problems
Graphical Input Devices
• Logical Input Devices
• 3D Input Devices
Logical Input Device Types
• Choice• Keyboard• Valuators• Locators
Choice
• Return a choice that has been made
• Examples : function keypad, button box, foot switch
• Often provide sensorial feedback : lights, clicks, feel,…
Button Box
Keyboard
• Returns keys with specific meanings• Letters, numbers, etc.
Valuators
• Returns a value for something• Example : knobs• Can usually specify gain, minimum, and
maximum• All locators can also double as valuators
Dial Box
Locators
• Return the location of the screen cursor• Examples : mouse, tablet, trackball, touchscre
en• Display-to-Input ratio
Locator Display-to-Input Ratio
• DTI Ratio : the amount of cursor movement on the screen divided by the amount of hand movement
• Large : good for speed• Small: Good for accuracy
Ways to Read an Input Device
• Sampling : What is its input right now?
• Event-based : Wait until the user does something
3D Input Devices
• Read a 3D position
• Return 3 numbers to the program : an (x,y,z) triple
• Some also return 3 more numbers to the program : three rotation angles
• Examples : digitizer, space ball, glove
3D Input Devices
3D Input Devices
Force Feedback in 3D
Force Feedback in 3D
Force Feedback in 2D
Some VR Systems
• Stereo Viewing• Shutter Glasses• Head Mounted Display• Head Tracking• Hand Tracking
Stereo Viewing
• Using Stereoscopic 3D perception• Measure the difference in angle from
each eye to the object • And, compute the distance to the object
( by an extremely sophisticated image processor in our brain )
Stereo Viewing
A stereo pair of Images
Head Mounted Display
• Use a separate monitor for each eye• Mounting small monitors in some sort of
head gear• Not VR yet by itself !!
Head Mounted Display
Head Tracking
• How the computer sense the position and orientation of your head in real time?
• Sense and record the position and orientation of each of the sensor
• Minimum capabilities to be called VR!
Head Tracking
Hand Tracking
• Finger actions could be used to control a program, just like a mouse of joystick …
• Ex) pushing virtual menu button, grabbing an object …
• Use a dataglove
Hand Tracking
Force Feedback
• Haptic feedback– Feeling the virtual world, not only viewing and inter
act thru hand motions..
• Haptic feedback glove– Use Hand actuators that could push back at you
Force Feedback
The CAVE
• Cave Automatic Virtual Environment
• Siggraph 92 Exibition
• Not a HMD, but a room where output of computer displays is projected onto the walls
• Projected images are in stereo by rapidly alternating between the two eye images for 3D effect ( A user wears a pair of stereo shutter glasses )
Some VR Applications
• Entertainment• Augmented Reality• Training• Remote Robotics• Distributed collaboration• Visualization
Entertainment
• Definitely the biggest market• The main force for driving down prices
on VR hardware• Ex) Game with other computers /
players
Entertainment
VR Gaming
Augmented Reality
• Bridging Virtual Environment and Real World
RealEnvironment
VirtualEnvironment
Augmented Reality
AugmentedVirtuality
Augmented Reality
Ultra sound Application
Virtual Surgery
Augmented Reality
Agent augmented realitylocation-aware interactive navigation/guidance system
Training
• When the cost of a mistake in Real Reality is very high
• Ex) Aircraft simulators, Train pilot training systems, Surgery simulator
Training
Flight simulator
Remote Robotics
Distributed collaboration
• More collaborative than by telephone or video conferencing
Virtual Conferencing
Distributed collaboration
Virtual Battles Collaborative Design
Visualization
• VR as a visualization research tool
Anyone in the room not wearing a display would not be
able to see the model at all
Problems
• Cost
• What’s it Good for?– None of the existing systems can solve
common everyday problems
• Display Resolution
• Update Speed