lecturers: dr. francesco ciari dr. rashid waraich assistant: patrick bösch lecture: agent based...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Lecturers: Dr. Francesco Ciari Dr. Rashid Waraich Assistant: Patrick Bösch Lecture: Agent Based Modeling in Transportation Autumn Semester 2014](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052701/56649d705503460f94a534da/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Lecturers:Dr. Francesco CiariDr. Rashid Waraich
Assistant: Patrick Bösch
Lecture:
Agent Based Modeling in Transportation
Autumn Semester 2014
![Page 2: Lecturers: Dr. Francesco Ciari Dr. Rashid Waraich Assistant: Patrick Bösch Lecture: Agent Based Modeling in Transportation Autumn Semester 2014](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052701/56649d705503460f94a534da/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Lecture I
September 16th 2014
![Page 3: Lecturers: Dr. Francesco Ciari Dr. Rashid Waraich Assistant: Patrick Bösch Lecture: Agent Based Modeling in Transportation Autumn Semester 2014](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052701/56649d705503460f94a534da/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Lecture Structure
- Theory- Modeling Transport- Agent Based Modeling- Multi Agent Transport Simulation (MATSim)
- Practice- Case studies (individual or in small groups)
- Paper- The expected output is a case study report in the form
of a proper scientific paper
![Page 4: Lecturers: Dr. Francesco Ciari Dr. Rashid Waraich Assistant: Patrick Bösch Lecture: Agent Based Modeling in Transportation Autumn Semester 2014](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052701/56649d705503460f94a534da/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Modeling transport(ation)
![Page 5: Lecturers: Dr. Francesco Ciari Dr. Rashid Waraich Assistant: Patrick Bösch Lecture: Agent Based Modeling in Transportation Autumn Semester 2014](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052701/56649d705503460f94a534da/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Modeling transportation
Transportation: ???
Model: ???
![Page 6: Lecturers: Dr. Francesco Ciari Dr. Rashid Waraich Assistant: Patrick Bösch Lecture: Agent Based Modeling in Transportation Autumn Semester 2014](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052701/56649d705503460f94a534da/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Modeling transportation
Transportation: is the movement of people, animals and goods from one location to another (Wikipedia)
Model: ???
![Page 7: Lecturers: Dr. Francesco Ciari Dr. Rashid Waraich Assistant: Patrick Bösch Lecture: Agent Based Modeling in Transportation Autumn Semester 2014](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052701/56649d705503460f94a534da/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Modeling transportation
Transportation: is the movement of people, animals and goods from one location to another (Wikipedia)
Model: A simplified representation of a part of the real world which concentrates on certain elements considered important for its analysis from a particular point of view (Ortuzar and Wilumsen, 2006)
![Page 8: Lecturers: Dr. Francesco Ciari Dr. Rashid Waraich Assistant: Patrick Bösch Lecture: Agent Based Modeling in Transportation Autumn Semester 2014](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052701/56649d705503460f94a534da/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
What for?
• Planning (i.e. infrastructure, systems)• Policy making
Type of model depends on:
– Decision making context– Accuracy required– Data– Resources
![Page 9: Lecturers: Dr. Francesco Ciari Dr. Rashid Waraich Assistant: Patrick Bösch Lecture: Agent Based Modeling in Transportation Autumn Semester 2014](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052701/56649d705503460f94a534da/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Activity based paradigm
![Page 10: Lecturers: Dr. Francesco Ciari Dr. Rashid Waraich Assistant: Patrick Bösch Lecture: Agent Based Modeling in Transportation Autumn Semester 2014](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052701/56649d705503460f94a534da/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Transportation
Transportation: is the movement of people, animals and goods from one location to another
![Page 11: Lecturers: Dr. Francesco Ciari Dr. Rashid Waraich Assistant: Patrick Bösch Lecture: Agent Based Modeling in Transportation Autumn Semester 2014](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052701/56649d705503460f94a534da/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Transportation
Transportation: is the movement of people, animals and goods from one location to another
![Page 12: Lecturers: Dr. Francesco Ciari Dr. Rashid Waraich Assistant: Patrick Bösch Lecture: Agent Based Modeling in Transportation Autumn Semester 2014](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052701/56649d705503460f94a534da/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Transportation
Transportation: is the movement of people, animals and goods from one location to another
What are the reasons of this movement?
![Page 13: Lecturers: Dr. Francesco Ciari Dr. Rashid Waraich Assistant: Patrick Bösch Lecture: Agent Based Modeling in Transportation Autumn Semester 2014](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052701/56649d705503460f94a534da/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
![Page 14: Lecturers: Dr. Francesco Ciari Dr. Rashid Waraich Assistant: Patrick Bösch Lecture: Agent Based Modeling in Transportation Autumn Semester 2014](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052701/56649d705503460f94a534da/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
![Page 15: Lecturers: Dr. Francesco Ciari Dr. Rashid Waraich Assistant: Patrick Bösch Lecture: Agent Based Modeling in Transportation Autumn Semester 2014](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052701/56649d705503460f94a534da/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
![Page 16: Lecturers: Dr. Francesco Ciari Dr. Rashid Waraich Assistant: Patrick Bösch Lecture: Agent Based Modeling in Transportation Autumn Semester 2014](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052701/56649d705503460f94a534da/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
![Page 17: Lecturers: Dr. Francesco Ciari Dr. Rashid Waraich Assistant: Patrick Bösch Lecture: Agent Based Modeling in Transportation Autumn Semester 2014](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052701/56649d705503460f94a534da/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
![Page 18: Lecturers: Dr. Francesco Ciari Dr. Rashid Waraich Assistant: Patrick Bösch Lecture: Agent Based Modeling in Transportation Autumn Semester 2014](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052701/56649d705503460f94a534da/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Activity approaches
Activity approaches means «The consideration of revealed travel patterns in the context of a structure of activities, of the individual or household, with a framework emphasizing the importance of time and space constraints. (Goodwin, 1983)
![Page 19: Lecturers: Dr. Francesco Ciari Dr. Rashid Waraich Assistant: Patrick Bösch Lecture: Agent Based Modeling in Transportation Autumn Semester 2014](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052701/56649d705503460f94a534da/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Activity approaches
Allow looking at important aspects of travel like:
• Activity Generation• In home/out of home activities (patterns, substitution)• Constraints• Scheduling• Social Networks
(Kitamura, 1988)
![Page 20: Lecturers: Dr. Francesco Ciari Dr. Rashid Waraich Assistant: Patrick Bösch Lecture: Agent Based Modeling in Transportation Autumn Semester 2014](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052701/56649d705503460f94a534da/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Modeling with agents
![Page 21: Lecturers: Dr. Francesco Ciari Dr. Rashid Waraich Assistant: Patrick Bösch Lecture: Agent Based Modeling in Transportation Autumn Semester 2014](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052701/56649d705503460f94a534da/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
What is an agent?
• An agent:• Has a set of attributes/characteristics• Follows given behavioral rules• Has decision making capability• Is goal oriented• Acts in an environment and interacts with other agents• Is autonomous• Can learn
• Agents are:• Heterogeneous• Attributes can change dynamically
(Source: Macal and North, 2005)
![Page 22: Lecturers: Dr. Francesco Ciari Dr. Rashid Waraich Assistant: Patrick Bösch Lecture: Agent Based Modeling in Transportation Autumn Semester 2014](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052701/56649d705503460f94a534da/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
22
Agent
Attributes
Behavioral rules
Decision making
Memory
![Page 23: Lecturers: Dr. Francesco Ciari Dr. Rashid Waraich Assistant: Patrick Bösch Lecture: Agent Based Modeling in Transportation Autumn Semester 2014](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052701/56649d705503460f94a534da/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
23
Environment
Agent-based modeling
…
…
…
![Page 24: Lecturers: Dr. Francesco Ciari Dr. Rashid Waraich Assistant: Patrick Bösch Lecture: Agent Based Modeling in Transportation Autumn Semester 2014](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052701/56649d705503460f94a534da/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
24
Agent-based modeling
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
![Page 25: Lecturers: Dr. Francesco Ciari Dr. Rashid Waraich Assistant: Patrick Bösch Lecture: Agent Based Modeling in Transportation Autumn Semester 2014](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052701/56649d705503460f94a534da/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
25
Agent-based modeling
![Page 26: Lecturers: Dr. Francesco Ciari Dr. Rashid Waraich Assistant: Patrick Bösch Lecture: Agent Based Modeling in Transportation Autumn Semester 2014](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052701/56649d705503460f94a534da/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
26
Agent-based modeling
![Page 27: Lecturers: Dr. Francesco Ciari Dr. Rashid Waraich Assistant: Patrick Bösch Lecture: Agent Based Modeling in Transportation Autumn Semester 2014](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052701/56649d705503460f94a534da/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
27
Agent-based modeling
![Page 28: Lecturers: Dr. Francesco Ciari Dr. Rashid Waraich Assistant: Patrick Bösch Lecture: Agent Based Modeling in Transportation Autumn Semester 2014](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052701/56649d705503460f94a534da/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Agent-based modeling
The actors of the (real) system modeled are represented at indivudual level and implement simple rules. The behavior of the system is not explictly modeled but emerges from the simulation
![Page 29: Lecturers: Dr. Francesco Ciari Dr. Rashid Waraich Assistant: Patrick Bösch Lecture: Agent Based Modeling in Transportation Autumn Semester 2014](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052701/56649d705503460f94a534da/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Agent-based modeling
The actors of the (real) system that is modeled are represented at indivudual level and implement simple rules. The behavior of the system is not explictly modeled but emerges from the simulationSimple rules implemented at the micro-level (individual) allows modeling complex behavior at the macro-level (system)
![Page 30: Lecturers: Dr. Francesco Ciari Dr. Rashid Waraich Assistant: Patrick Bösch Lecture: Agent Based Modeling in Transportation Autumn Semester 2014](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052701/56649d705503460f94a534da/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
30
Pros and cons
Cons:
– Data hungry– Skilled users
Pros:
– Models Individuals– Agents heterogeneity– Emergent behavior– Can deal with complexity
![Page 31: Lecturers: Dr. Francesco Ciari Dr. Rashid Waraich Assistant: Patrick Bösch Lecture: Agent Based Modeling in Transportation Autumn Semester 2014](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052701/56649d705503460f94a534da/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Why Agent-Based Modeling is becoming popular?
• Increasingly complex world• Availability of high resolution level data• Computer power
![Page 32: Lecturers: Dr. Francesco Ciari Dr. Rashid Waraich Assistant: Patrick Bösch Lecture: Agent Based Modeling in Transportation Autumn Semester 2014](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052701/56649d705503460f94a534da/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
What about transportation?
![Page 33: Lecturers: Dr. Francesco Ciari Dr. Rashid Waraich Assistant: Patrick Bösch Lecture: Agent Based Modeling in Transportation Autumn Semester 2014](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052701/56649d705503460f94a534da/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Traditional Modeling Approach
• Four steps model
33
![Page 34: Lecturers: Dr. Francesco Ciari Dr. Rashid Waraich Assistant: Patrick Bösch Lecture: Agent Based Modeling in Transportation Autumn Semester 2014](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052701/56649d705503460f94a534da/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Four Step Process
• Trip generation– Define number of trips from and to each zone.
• Trip distribution– Define for each zone where its trips are coming from and going to.
• Mode choice– Define transport mode for each trip.
• Route assignment– Assign a path to each route.
34
![Page 35: Lecturers: Dr. Francesco Ciari Dr. Rashid Waraich Assistant: Patrick Bösch Lecture: Agent Based Modeling in Transportation Autumn Semester 2014](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052701/56649d705503460f94a534da/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Four Step Process – Trip Generation
35
152St. Gallen
2332Herisau
1038Waldkirch
1282Gossau (SG)
1428Teufen (AR)
1861Gaiserwald
2674Flawil
1996Niederbüren
1630Bühler220
Stein (AR)
39Wittenbach
2359Schlatt-Haslen
498Speicher
1068Mörschwil
335Andwil (SG)
1160Gais
2620Oberbüren
861Degersheim
1452Untereggen
1138Hundwil
1777Waldstatt
1980Schwellbrunn
543Eggersriet
757Hauptwil-Gottshaus
2541Goldach
2238Niederhelfenschwil
Attra
ction
Gen
erati
on
![Page 36: Lecturers: Dr. Francesco Ciari Dr. Rashid Waraich Assistant: Patrick Bösch Lecture: Agent Based Modeling in Transportation Autumn Semester 2014](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052701/56649d705503460f94a534da/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Four Step Process – Trip Distribution
36
152St. Gallen
2332Herisau
1038Waldkirch
1282Gossau (SG)
1428Teufen (AR)
1861Gaiserwald
2674Flawil
1996Niederbüren
1630Bühler220
Stein (AR)
39Wittenbach
2359Schlatt-Haslen
498Speicher
1068Mörschwil
335Andwil (SG)
1160Gais
2620Oberbüren
861Degersheim
1452Untereggen
1138Hundwil
1777Waldstatt
1980Schwellbrunn
543Eggersriet
757Hauptwil-Gottshaus
2541Goldach
2238Niederhelfenschwil
Attra
ction
Gen
erati
on
![Page 37: Lecturers: Dr. Francesco Ciari Dr. Rashid Waraich Assistant: Patrick Bösch Lecture: Agent Based Modeling in Transportation Autumn Semester 2014](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052701/56649d705503460f94a534da/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Four Step Process – Mode Choice
37
152St. Gallen
2332Herisau
1038Waldkirch
1282Gossau (SG)
1428Teufen (AR)
1861Gaiserwald
2674Flawil
1996Niederbüren
1630Bühler220
Stein (AR)
39Wittenbach
2359Schlatt-Haslen
498Speicher
1068Mörschwil
335Andwil (SG)
1160Gais
2620Oberbüren
861Degersheim
1452Untereggen
1138Hundwil
1777Waldstatt
1980Schwellbrunn
543Eggersriet
757Hauptwil-Gottshaus
2541Goldach
2238Niederhelfenschwil
?
![Page 38: Lecturers: Dr. Francesco Ciari Dr. Rashid Waraich Assistant: Patrick Bösch Lecture: Agent Based Modeling in Transportation Autumn Semester 2014](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052701/56649d705503460f94a534da/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Four Step Process – Route Assignment
38
152St. Gallen
2332Herisau
1038Waldkirch
1282Gossau (SG)
1428Teufen (AR)
1861Gaiserwald
2674Flawil
1996Niederbüren
1630Bühler220
Stein (AR)
39Wittenbach
2359Schlatt-Haslen
498Speicher
1068Mörschwil
335Andwil (SG)
1160Gais
2620Oberbüren
861Degersheim
1452Untereggen
1138Hundwil
1777Waldstatt
1980Schwellbrunn
543Eggersriet
757Hauptwil-Gottshaus
2541Goldach
2238Niederhelfenschwil
??
?
![Page 39: Lecturers: Dr. Francesco Ciari Dr. Rashid Waraich Assistant: Patrick Bösch Lecture: Agent Based Modeling in Transportation Autumn Semester 2014](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052701/56649d705503460f94a534da/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Four Step Process – Facts
39
Tra
dit
ion
al F
ou
r S
tep
Pro
cess Trip Generation
Trip Distribution
Mode Choice
Route Assignment
• Traditional approach in transport planning• Simple, well known and understood
• Sequential execution• Feedback not required, but desirable
• Aggregated Model• No individual preferences of single
travelers• Only single trips, no trip chains
• Static, average flows for the selected hour, e.g. peak hour
![Page 40: Lecturers: Dr. Francesco Ciari Dr. Rashid Waraich Assistant: Patrick Bösch Lecture: Agent Based Modeling in Transportation Autumn Semester 2014](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052701/56649d705503460f94a534da/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Iterative Four Step Process
40
Iter
ativ
e F
ou
r S
tep
Pro
cess
Trip Generation
Trip Distribution
Route Assignment
Iter
atio
ns
Mode Choice
• Improvement of the traditional approach• Iterations allow feedback to
previous process steps
• Still an aggregated model
![Page 41: Lecturers: Dr. Francesco Ciari Dr. Rashid Waraich Assistant: Patrick Bösch Lecture: Agent Based Modeling in Transportation Autumn Semester 2014](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052701/56649d705503460f94a534da/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Modern Modeling Approaches
• Activity-based demand generation
• Dynamic traffic assignment
41
![Page 42: Lecturers: Dr. Francesco Ciari Dr. Rashid Waraich Assistant: Patrick Bösch Lecture: Agent Based Modeling in Transportation Autumn Semester 2014](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052701/56649d705503460f94a534da/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Activity-based demand generation• Models the traffic demand on an individual level.
• Based on a synthetic population representing the original population.
• For each individual a detailed daily schedule is created, including descriptions of performed…– …activities (location, start and end time, type)– …trips (mode, departure and arrival time)
• Activity chains instead of unconnected activities and trips.
• Represents the first three steps of the 4 step process.42
![Page 43: Lecturers: Dr. Francesco Ciari Dr. Rashid Waraich Assistant: Patrick Bösch Lecture: Agent Based Modeling in Transportation Autumn Semester 2014](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052701/56649d705503460f94a534da/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Activity-based demand generation• Spatial resolution can be increased from zone to
building/coordinate.
• High resolution input data is required such as…– …the coordinates of all locations where an activity from type X
can be performed.– …the capacity of each of this locations.
• Examples of activity-based models– ALBATROSS (A Learning-Based Transportation Oriented Simulation
System)– TASHA (Travel Activity Scheduler for Household agents)
43
![Page 44: Lecturers: Dr. Francesco Ciari Dr. Rashid Waraich Assistant: Patrick Bösch Lecture: Agent Based Modeling in Transportation Autumn Semester 2014](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052701/56649d705503460f94a534da/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Dynamic Traffic Assignment
• Supports detailed description of the demand (persons/households).
• Based on trip chains instead of single trips.
• Time dependent link volumes replace static traffic flows.– Spatial and temporal dynamics are supported.
• Represents the fourth step of the 4 step process.
44
![Page 45: Lecturers: Dr. Francesco Ciari Dr. Rashid Waraich Assistant: Patrick Bösch Lecture: Agent Based Modeling in Transportation Autumn Semester 2014](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052701/56649d705503460f94a534da/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
Dynamic Traffic Assignment
• Typical implementations are simulation based.– Iterative simulation and optimization of traffic flows in a
network on an individual level.
• Examples of DTA implementations– DYNAMIT (Ben-Akiva et.al.)– DYNASMART (Mahmassani et.al.)– VISSIM (PTV; only small scenarios)– TRANSIMS
45
![Page 46: Lecturers: Dr. Francesco Ciari Dr. Rashid Waraich Assistant: Patrick Bösch Lecture: Agent Based Modeling in Transportation Autumn Semester 2014](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052701/56649d705503460f94a534da/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
State of the art
Fully agent-based approach– Combination of activity-based demand generation
and dynamic traffic assignment
![Page 47: Lecturers: Dr. Francesco Ciari Dr. Rashid Waraich Assistant: Patrick Bösch Lecture: Agent Based Modeling in Transportation Autumn Semester 2014](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052701/56649d705503460f94a534da/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Fully Agent-based Approach
• Combines the benefits of activity-based demand generation and dynamic traffic assignment.
• Replaces all steps of the four step process.
• During the whole process, people from the synthetic population are maintained as individuals.
Individual behavior can be modeled!47
Fu
lly
Ag
en
t-b
as
ed
Ap
pro
ac
h
Ac
tiv
ity
-ba
se
d
De
ma
nd
Ge
ne
rati
on
Dy
na
mic
Tra
ffic
A
ss
ign
me
nt
Synthetic Population Generation
Agent-based Traffic Flow Simulation
Agent-based Activity Generation (Trip
Generation & Distribution)
Agent-based Mode Choice
Agent-based Route Assignment
![Page 48: Lecturers: Dr. Francesco Ciari Dr. Rashid Waraich Assistant: Patrick Bösch Lecture: Agent Based Modeling in Transportation Autumn Semester 2014](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052701/56649d705503460f94a534da/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
Macro-Simulation vs. Micro-Simulation
• Macro-Simulation– Based on aggregated data– Flows instead of individual movement– Often planning networks
• Micro-Simulation– Population is modeled as a set of individuals– Traffic flows are based on the movement of single vehicles (or agents)
and their interactions– Various traffic flow models, e.g. cellular automata model, queue model
or car following model– Often high resolution networks (e.g. in navigation quality)
48
![Page 49: Lecturers: Dr. Francesco Ciari Dr. Rashid Waraich Assistant: Patrick Bösch Lecture: Agent Based Modeling in Transportation Autumn Semester 2014](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052701/56649d705503460f94a534da/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
Introduction to MATSim
![Page 50: Lecturers: Dr. Francesco Ciari Dr. Rashid Waraich Assistant: Patrick Bösch Lecture: Agent Based Modeling in Transportation Autumn Semester 2014](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052701/56649d705503460f94a534da/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
MATSim at a glance
• Implementation of a fully agent-based approach as part of a transport modeling tool– Disaggregated– Activity-based– Dynamic– Agent-based
• Open source framework written in java (GNU License)• Started ~10 years ago, community is still growing• Developed by Teams at ETH Zurich, TU Berlin and senozon AG• www.matsim.org
50
![Page 51: Lecturers: Dr. Francesco Ciari Dr. Rashid Waraich Assistant: Patrick Bösch Lecture: Agent Based Modeling in Transportation Autumn Semester 2014](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052701/56649d705503460f94a534da/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
Working with MATSim…
• Users• Black-box use
• Super-users• Add new features
• Developers• Add new fundamental features
![Page 52: Lecturers: Dr. Francesco Ciari Dr. Rashid Waraich Assistant: Patrick Bösch Lecture: Agent Based Modeling in Transportation Autumn Semester 2014](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052701/56649d705503460f94a534da/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
Working with MATSim…
• Users• Black-box use
• Super-users• Add new features
• Developers• Add new fundamental features
![Page 53: Lecturers: Dr. Francesco Ciari Dr. Rashid Waraich Assistant: Patrick Bösch Lecture: Agent Based Modeling in Transportation Autumn Semester 2014](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052701/56649d705503460f94a534da/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
MATSim Optimization Loop
• Optimization is based on a co-evoluationary algorithm
• Period-to-period replanning (typically day-to-day)
• Each agent has total information and acts like homo economicus
• Approach is valid for typical day situations
scoringinitial
demandexecution
(simulation)analyses
replanning
![Page 54: Lecturers: Dr. Francesco Ciari Dr. Rashid Waraich Assistant: Patrick Bösch Lecture: Agent Based Modeling in Transportation Autumn Semester 2014](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052701/56649d705503460f94a534da/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
MATSim – Scenario Creation• A MATSim scenario contains some mandatory as well as
some supplementary data structures
• Mandatory– Network– Population
• Supplementary– Facilities– Transit (Schedule, Vehicles)– Counts
![Page 55: Lecturers: Dr. Francesco Ciari Dr. Rashid Waraich Assistant: Patrick Bösch Lecture: Agent Based Modeling in Transportation Autumn Semester 2014](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052701/56649d705503460f94a534da/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
Road network55
High resolution navigation network, including turning rules
![Page 56: Lecturers: Dr. Francesco Ciari Dr. Rashid Waraich Assistant: Patrick Bösch Lecture: Agent Based Modeling in Transportation Autumn Semester 2014](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052701/56649d705503460f94a534da/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
Day-plan56
7:30
7:40
7:50
7:56
17:03
17:09
17:13
17:25
17:45
17:55
19:24 19:31
![Page 57: Lecturers: Dr. Francesco Ciari Dr. Rashid Waraich Assistant: Patrick Bösch Lecture: Agent Based Modeling in Transportation Autumn Semester 2014](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052701/56649d705503460f94a534da/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
Speed vs Resolution
Speed
Reso
lutio
n
physical(VISSIM)
CA(TRANSIMS)
meso(METROPOLIS)
macro(VISUM)
Q(Cetin)
Q event(MATSIM)
parallelQ event(MATSIM)
![Page 58: Lecturers: Dr. Francesco Ciari Dr. Rashid Waraich Assistant: Patrick Bösch Lecture: Agent Based Modeling in Transportation Autumn Semester 2014](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052701/56649d705503460f94a534da/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
Facilities58
„Facilities“:• Building location• Activity options• Capacity, Opening time
Source: Enterprise register, Building register
![Page 59: Lecturers: Dr. Francesco Ciari Dr. Rashid Waraich Assistant: Patrick Bösch Lecture: Agent Based Modeling in Transportation Autumn Semester 2014](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052701/56649d705503460f94a534da/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
Performance - Scenario59
• Transportation system in Switzerland• 24 h of an average Work-day
• 5.99 Mio Agents • 1.6 Mio Facilities for 1.7 Mio Activities (5 Types)• Navigation network with 1.0 Mio Links• 4 Modes (others optional i.e. shared modes)• 22.2 Mio Trips• Routes-, Time-, (Subtour-)Mode- und „Location“-Choice
One Iteration in ca. 4.5 hours
![Page 60: Lecturers: Dr. Francesco Ciari Dr. Rashid Waraich Assistant: Patrick Bösch Lecture: Agent Based Modeling in Transportation Autumn Semester 2014](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052701/56649d705503460f94a534da/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
Current research themes (I)
• Simulation of public transport– Improved routing, multimodal simulation
• Replanning improvement– Reduce the number of iterations, add other choice dimensions
• Simulation of traffic lights and lanes– Focus on adaptive signal-control
• Queue simulation– Parallelization
• Modeling of vehicle fleet– Calculation of emissions
• Electric vehicles– Simulation of the use of electric vehicles
60
![Page 61: Lecturers: Dr. Francesco Ciari Dr. Rashid Waraich Assistant: Patrick Bösch Lecture: Agent Based Modeling in Transportation Autumn Semester 2014](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052701/56649d705503460f94a534da/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
Current research themes (II)• Agents coordination
– Simulation of joint plans• Parking
– Improvement of parking choice and search• Introduction of land-use
– Integration with UrbanSim• Location choice of retailers
– Addition of supply-side agents• Car-sharing
– Car-sharing as an additional modal option• Weather impacts
– Modeling of weather and climate change effects
61
![Page 62: Lecturers: Dr. Francesco Ciari Dr. Rashid Waraich Assistant: Patrick Bösch Lecture: Agent Based Modeling in Transportation Autumn Semester 2014](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052701/56649d705503460f94a534da/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
Current scenarios• Zurich and Switzerland
– Switzerland 7,6 Mio Agents– Navigation road network with 1 Mio Links
• Berlin, Germany• Singapore• Gauteng, South-Africa• Sioux Falls, USA
• Munich, Germany• Germany/Europe – Main road network• Padang, Indonesia• Tel-Aviv, Israel• Kyoto, Japan• Toronto, Canada• Caracas, Venezuela
Switzerland
Berlin and Munich, Germany
Toronto, Canada
Tel Aviv, Israel
Gauteng, South Africa
![Page 63: Lecturers: Dr. Francesco Ciari Dr. Rashid Waraich Assistant: Patrick Bösch Lecture: Agent Based Modeling in Transportation Autumn Semester 2014](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052701/56649d705503460f94a534da/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
• MATSim Singapore 60FPS NEW TITLES.mkv
(author: Pieter Fourie)
![Page 64: Lecturers: Dr. Francesco Ciari Dr. Rashid Waraich Assistant: Patrick Bösch Lecture: Agent Based Modeling in Transportation Autumn Semester 2014](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052701/56649d705503460f94a534da/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
Possible Case Study Themes
• Carsharing• Electric Vehicles• Weather
![Page 65: Lecturers: Dr. Francesco Ciari Dr. Rashid Waraich Assistant: Patrick Bösch Lecture: Agent Based Modeling in Transportation Autumn Semester 2014](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052701/56649d705503460f94a534da/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
Questions
• Laptop?– Windows– Mac
![Page 66: Lecturers: Dr. Francesco Ciari Dr. Rashid Waraich Assistant: Patrick Bösch Lecture: Agent Based Modeling in Transportation Autumn Semester 2014](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052701/56649d705503460f94a534da/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
Additional Literature• Bhat, C. R., J. Y. Guo, S. Srinivasan and A. Sivakumar (2004) A
comprehensive econometric microsimulator for daily activity-travel patterns, Transportation Research Record, 1894, 57-66.
• Kitamura, R. (1988) An evaluation of activity-based travel analysis, Transportation, 15 (1) 9–34.
• Macal, C. M. and M. J. North (2005) Tutorial on agent-based modeling and simulation, Proceedings of the 37th Conference on Winter simulation, Orlando, December 2005.
• Mahmassani, H. S., T. Hu and R. Jayakrishnan (1992) Dynamic traffic assignment and simulation for advanced network informatics, in N. H. Gartner and G. Improta (eds.) Compendium of the Second International Seminar on Urban Traffic Networks.
• Ortuzar, J. D. D. and L. G. Willumsen (2006) Modelling Transport, John Wiley & Sons, Chichester.