leed for schools - usgbc · pdf filess credit 5.2: site development: maximize open space 16 ss...

LEED® for Schoolsfor New Construction and Major Renovations

First Edition

Updated November 2007

LEED for Schools Rating System 1st Edition, Updated November 2007

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Table of ContentsIntroduction 4

Sustainable Sites 6SS Prerequisite 1: Construction Activity Pollution Prevention 6

SS Prerequisite 2: Environmental Site Assessment 7

SS Credit 1: Site Selection 8

SS Credit 2: Development Density & Community Connectivity 9

SS Credit 3: Brownfield Redevelopment 10

SS Credit 4.1: Alternative Transportation: Public Transportation Access 11

SS Credit 4.2: Alternative Transportation: Bicycle Use 12

SS Credit 4.3: Alternative Transportation: Low Emitting & Fuel Efficient Vehicles 13

SS Credit 4.4: Alternative Transportation: Parking Capacity 14

SS Credit 5.1: Site Development: Protect or Restore Habitat 15

SS Credit 5.2: Site Development: Maximize Open Space 16

SS Credit 6.1: Stormwater Design: Quantity Control 17

SS Credit 6.2: Stormwater Design: Quality Control 18

SS Credit 7.1: Heat Island Effect: Non-Roof 19

SS Credit 7.2: Heat Island Effect: Roof 20

SS Credit 8: Light Pollution Reduction 21

SS Credit 9: Site Master Plan 23

SS Credit 10: Joint Use of Facilities 24

Water Efficiency 25WE Credit 1.1: Water Efficient Landscaping: Reduce by 50% 25

WE Credit 1.2: Water Efficient Landscaping: No Potable Water Use or No Irrigation 26

WE Credit 2: Innovative Wastewater Technologies 27

WE Credit 3.1: Water Use Reduction: 20% Reduction 28

WE Credits 3.2 & 3.3: 30% or 40% Reduction 29

WE Credit 4: Process Water Use Reduction: 20% Reduction 30

Energy & Atmosphere 31EA Prerequisite 1: Fundamental Commissioning of the Building Energy Systems 31

EA Prerequisite 2: Minimum Energy Performance 33

EA Prerequisite 3: Fundamental Refrigerant Management 34

EA Credit 1: Optimize Energy Performance 35

EA Credit 2: On-Site Renewable Energy 37

EA Credit 3: Enhanced Commissioning 38

EA Credit 4: Enhanced Refrigerant Management 40

EA Credit 5: Measurement & Verification 42

EA Credit 6: Green Power 43


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Materials & Resources 44MR Prerequisite 1: Storage & Collection of Recyclables 44

MR Credit 1.1: Building Reuse: Maintain 75% of Existing Walls, Floors & Roof 45

MR Credit 1.2: Building Reuse: Maintain 95% of Existing Walls, Floors & Roof 46

MR Credit 1.3: Building Reuse: Maintain 50% of Interior Non-Structural Elements 47

MR Credit 2: Construction Waste Management: Divert From Disposal 48

MR Credits 3.1 & 3.2: Materials Reuse 49

MR Credits 4.1 & 4.2: Recycled Content: (post-consumer + 1/2 pre-consumer) 50

MR Credits 5.1 & 5.2: Regional Materials: Extracted, Processed & Manufactured Regionally 51

MR Credit 6: Rapidly Renewable Materials 52

MR Credit 7: Certified Wood 53

Indoor Environmental Quality 54EQ Prerequisite 1: Minimum IAQ Performance 54

EQ Prerequisite 2: Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS) Control 55

EQ Prerequisite 3: Minimum Acoustical Performance 56

EQ Credit 1: Outdoor Air Delivery Monitoring 57

EQ Credit 2: Increased Ventilation 58

EQ Credit 3.1: Construction IAQ Management Plan: During Construction 59

EQ Credit 3.2: Construction IAQ Management Plan: Before Occupancy 60

EQ Credit 4: Low-Emitting Materials 62

EQ Credit 5: Indoor Chemical & Pollutant Source Control 64

EQ Credit 6.1: Lighting System Design and Controllability 65

EQ Credit 6.2: Thermal Comfort Controllability 66

EQ Credit 7.1: Thermal Comfort: Design 67

EQ Credit 7.2: Thermal Comfort: Verification 68

EQ Credit 8.1: Daylight & Views: Daylighting 69

EQ Credit 8.2: Daylight & Views: Views for 90% of Spaces 70

EQ Credit 9: Enhanced Acoustical Performance 71

EQ Credit 10: Mold Prevention 72

Innovation & Design Process 73ID Credits 1.1–1.4: Innovation in Design 73

ID Credit 1 Option: Low Impact Cleaning and Maintenance: Equipment Policy 74

ID Credit 2: LEED Accredited Professional 75

ID Credit 3: The School as a Teaching Tool 76

Certification Levels 79 Possible Pointsq Certified 29–36 points

q Silver 37–43 points

q Gold 44–57 points

q Platinum 58–79 points


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IntroductionLeadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED®)Buildingsfundamentallyimpactpeople’slivesandthehealthoftheplanet.IntheUnitedStates,buildingsuseone-thirdofourtotalenergy,two-thirdsofourelectricity,one-eighthofourwater,andtransformlandthatprovidesvaluableecologicalresources.SincetheLEEDGreenBuildingRatingSystemforNewConstruction(LEED-NCversion2.0)wasfirstpublishedin1999,ithasbeenhelpingprofessionalsacrossthecountrytoimprovethequalityofourbuildingsandtheirimpactontheenvironment.

Asthegreenbuildingsectorgrowsexponentially,moreandmorebuildingprofessionals,owners,andoperatorsareseeingthebenefitsofgreenbuildingandLEEDcertification.Greendesignnotonlymakesapositiveimpactonpublichealthandtheenvironment,italsoreducesoperatingcosts,enhancesbuildingandorganizationalmarketability,potentiallyincreasesoccupantproductivity,andhelpscreateasustainablecommunity.LEEDfitsintothismarketbyprovidingratingsystemsthatarevoluntary,consensus-based,market-driven,basedonaccepted energy and environmental principles, and they strike a balance between established practices andemergingconcepts.

TheLEEDratingsystemsaredevelopedbyUSGBCcommittees,inadherencewithUSGBCpoliciesandpro-ceduresguidingthedevelopmentandmaintenanceofratingsystems.LEEDforSchoolsisonlypossibleduetothegenerousvolunteereffortsofmanyindividuals,andhasbeenindevelopmentforover3years.LEEDforSchoolsisoneofagrowingportfolioofratingsystemsservingspecificmarketsectors.

LEED for SchoolsTheLEEDforSchoolsRatingSystemrecognizestheuniquenatureofthedesignandconstructionofK-12schools.BasedonLEEDforNewConstruction,itaddressesissuessuchasclassroomacoustics,masterplan-ning,moldprevention,andenvironmentalsiteassessment.Byaddressingtheuniquenessofschoolspacesandchildren’shealthissues,LEEDforSchoolsprovidesaunique,comprehensivetoolforschoolsthatwishtobuildgreen,withmeasurableresults.LEEDforSchoolsistherecognizedthird-partystandardforhighperformanceschoolsthatarehealthyforstudents,comfortableforteachers,andcost-effective.

TheLEEDforSchoolsRatingSystemismostapplicabletonewconstructionandmajorrenovationprojectsinK-12educationalspaces.Otherprojects,suchasuniversityeducationalbuildings,K-12athleticfacilities,orinterpretivecenters,maychoosetouseLEEDforSchoolsiftheywish.

Why Certify?WhileLEEDRatingSystemscanbeusefuljustastoolsforbuildingprofessionals,therearemanyreasonswhyLEEDprojectcertificationcanbeanasset:

q Berecognizedforyourcommitmenttoenvironmentalissuesinyourcommunity,yourorganization(includ-ingstockholders),andyourindustry;

q Receivethirdpartyvalidationofachievement;

q Qualifyforagrowingarrayofstate&localgovernmentinitiatives;

q ReceivemarketingexposurethroughUSGBCWebsite,Greenbuildconference,casestudies,andmediaan-nouncements.


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RegistrationProjectteamsinterestedinobtainingLEEDcertificationfortheirprojectmustfirstregisteronline.Registra-tionduringearlyphasesoftheprojectwillensuremaximumpotentialforcertification.TheLEEDwebsite,www.leedbuilding.org,containsimportantdetailsaboutthecertificationreviewprocess,scheduleandfees.Theapplicantprojectmustsatisfactorilydocumentachievementofall theprerequisitesandaminimumnumberofpoints.SeetheLEEDforSchoolsprojectchecklistforthenumberofpointsrequiredtoachieveLEEDforSchoolsratinglevels.

Additional ResourcesVisittheLEEDWebsiteforavailabletoolsandsupport,suchastheLEEDforSchoolsReferenceGuide,whichisessentiallyanexpandedversionofthisdocumentthatincludesapproach&implementation,calculationin-formation,andothersupplementalresources(essentialforallLEEDforSchoolsprojectteams).Alsoavailableonlinearefactsheets,casestudies,technicalsupportviaCreditInterpretations,informationonLEEDtrainingworkshops,andmore.

Disclaimer and Notices

TheU.S.GreenBuildingCouncilauthorizesyoutoviewtheLEEDforSchoolsGreenBuildingRatingSystemforyourindividualuseandtocopyas-is,orinpartifyoureferencetheoriginaldocument.Nocontentmaybealtered.Inexchangeforthisauthorization,youagreetoretainallcopyrightandotherproprietarynoticescon-tainedintheoriginalLEEDforSchoolsGreenBuildingRatingSystem.YoualsoagreenottosellormodifytheLEEDforSchoolsGreenBuildingRatingSystemortoreproduce,displayordistributetheLEEDforSchoolsGreenBuildingRatingSysteminanywayforanypublicorcommercialpurpose,includingdisplayonawebsiteorinanetworkedenvironment.UnauthorizeduseoftheLEEDforSchoolsGreenBuildingRatingSystemviolatescopyright,trademarkandotherlawsandisprohibited.Alltext,graphics,layoutandotherelementsofcontentcontainedintheLEEDforSchoolsGreenBuildingRatingSystemareownedbytheU.S.GreenBuild-ingCouncilandareprotectedbycopyrightunderbothUnitedStatesandforeignlaws.

Also,pleasenotethatnoneofthepartiesinvolvedinthefundingorcreationoftheLEEDforSchoolsGreenBuildingRatingSystem,includingtheU.S.GreenBuildingCounciloritsmembers,makeanywarranty(expressorimplied)orassumeanyliabilityorresponsibility,toyouoranythirdpartiesfortheaccuracy,completeness,oruseof,orrelianceon,anyinformationcontainedintheLEEDforSchoolsGreenBuildingRatingSystem,orforanyinjuries,lossesordamages(including,withoutlimitation,equitablerelief )arisingoutofsuchuseorreliance.

Asaconditionofuse,youcovenantnottosue,andagreetowaiveandreleasetheU.S.GreenBuildingCouncilanditsmembersfromanyandallclaims,demandsandcausesofactionforanyinjuries,lossesordamages(in-cluding,withoutlimitation,equitablerelief )thatyoumaynoworhereafterhavearighttoassertagainstsuchpartiesasaresultofyouruseof,orrelianceon,theLEEDforSchoolsGreenBuildingRatingSystem.

Copyright

Copyright©2007bytheU.S.GreenBuildingCouncil.Allrightsreserved.

Trademark

LEED®isaregisteredtrademarkoftheU.S.GreenBuildingCouncil.


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SS Prerequisite 1: Construction Activity Pollution PreventionRequired

Intent

Reducepollutionfromconstructionactivitiesbycontrollingsoilerosion,waterwaysedimentationandairbornedustgeneration.

Requirements

CreateandimplementanErosionandSedimentationControl(ESC)Planforallconstructionactivitiesassoci-atedwiththeproject.TheESCPlanshallconformtotheerosionandsedimentationrequirementsofthe2003EPAConstructionGeneralPermitORlocalerosionandsedimentationcontrolstandardsandcodes,whicheverismorestringent.ThePlanshalldescribethemeasuresimplementedtoaccomplishthefollowingobjectives:

q Prevent lossof soilduringconstructionby stormwater runoffand/orwinderosion, includingprotectingtopsoilbystockpilingforreuse.

q Preventsedimentationofstormsewerorreceivingstreams.

q Preventpollutingtheairwithdustandparticulatematter.

TheConstructionGeneralPermit(CGP)outlinestheprovisionsnecessarytocomplywithPhaseIandPhaseIIoftheNationalPollutantDischargeEliminationSystem(NPDES)program.WhiletheCGPonlyappliestocon-structionsitesgreaterthan1acre,therequirementsareappliedtoallprojectsforthepurposesofthisprerequisite.InformationontheEPACGPisavailableat:cfpub.epa.gov/npdes/stormwater/cgp.cfm.

Potential Technologies & Strategies

CreateanErosionandSedimentationControlPlanduringthedesignphaseoftheproject.Consideremploy-ingstrategiessuchastemporaryandpermanentseeding,mulching,earthdikes,siltfencing,sedimenttrapsandsedimentbasins.

Sustainable Sites


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SS Prerequisite 2: Environmental Site AssessmentRequired

Intent

Ensurethatthesiteisassessedforenvironmentalcontaminationandifcontaminated,thattheenvironmentalcontaminationhasbeenremediatedtoprotectchildren’shealth.

Requirements

ConductaPhaseIEnvironmentalSiteAssessment(asdescribedinASTME1527-05)todetermineifenviron-mentalcontaminationexistsatthesite.Ifcontaminationissuspected,conductaPhaseIIEnvironmentalSiteAssessment(asdescribedinASTME1903-97(2002)).

AND

Sitesthatarecontaminatedduetothepastexistenceofalandfillwithin1000feetofthesiteareprohibited.Ifthesiteisotherwisecontaminated,thenitmustberemediatedtomeetlocal,state,orfederalEPAregionresiden-tial(unrestricted)standardswhicheverismoststringent.Documentationfromtheauthoritymustbeprovided(suchasEPA’s“ReadyforReuse”document)toprove“safe”levelsofcontaminationhavebeenachieved.Astheremediationprocessleadstosignificantenvironmentalbenefit,one point(inSSCredit3)willbegivenforsuc-cessfuldocumentedremediationofthesite.

Potential Technologies and Strategies

Todiscoverifthesitehasanychemicalcontaminants,researchcurrentandpastsitelandusingthefollowing:

q Federal,stateandlocalregulatoryagencies’databasesandfiles

q Recordsofcurrentandpastlanduses

q Historicalaerialphotographs

q Privatelyheldenvironmentaldatabases

q Interviewswithpeoplefamiliarwiththesite’shistory(includingpastandpresentowners)

Manylocalagencieshavedatabasesregardingtheuseoftheland.Forexample,OregonDepartmentofEnviron-mentalQualityhasadatabaseofburiedfossilfuelstoragetanks.ThisDepartmentalsohasotherdatabases(e.g.,drycleanerlocations)thatcanbeusedtodeterminethehistoricalusageofthesite.Theselistscanbecompiledtodetermineifpotentialenvironmentalcontaminantsexistattheschool’sproposedsite.

Developandimplementasiteremediationplanusingstrategiessuchaspump-and-treat,bioreactors,landfarm-ingandin-situremediation.Contactyourstateenvironmentalprotectionagencytofindoutaboutremediationstandardsforresidential(unrestricted)use.ItisstronglyrecommendedthatprojectsusestandardsequivalentormorestringentthanEPARegion9clean-upstandards,asthesearesetatthemostappropriatelevelforprotect-ingchildren’shealthandsafety.


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SS Credit 1: Site Selection1 Point

Intent

Avoiddevelopmentofinappropriatesitesandreducetheenvironmentalimpactfromthelocationofabuildingonasite.

Requirements

Donotdevelopbuildings,hardscape,roadsorparkingareasonportionsofsitesthatmeetanyoneofthefol-lowingcriteria:

q PrimefarmlandasdefinedbytheUnitedStatesDepartmentofAgricultureintheUnitedStatesCodeofFederalRegulations,Title7,Volume6,Parts400to699,Section657.5(citation7CFR657.5)

q Previouslyundevelopedlandwhoseelevationislowerthan5feetabovetheelevationofthe100-yearfloodasdefinedbyFEMA(FederalEmergencyManagementAgency)

q LandthatisspecificallyidentifiedashabitatforanyspeciesonFederalorStatethreatenedorendangeredlists

q Within100feetofanywetlandsasdefinedbyUnitedStatesCodeofFederalRegulations40CFR,Parts230-233andPart22,andisolatedwetlandsorareasofspecialconcernidentifiedbystateorlocalrule,ORwithinsetbackdistancesfromwetlandsprescribedinstateorlocalregulations,asdefinedbylocalorstateruleorlaw,whicheverismorestringent

q Previouslyundevelopedlandthatiswithin50feetofawaterbody,definedasseas,lakes,rivers,streamsandtributarieswhichsupportorcouldsupportfish,recreationorindustrialuse,consistentwiththeterminologyoftheCleanWaterAct

q Landwhichpriortoacquisitionfortheprojectwaspublicparkland,unlesslandofequalorgreatervalueasparklandisacceptedintradebythepubliclandowner(ParkAuthorityprojectsareexempt)


Duringthesiteselectionprocess,givepreferencetothosesitesthatdonotincludesensitivesiteelementsandrestrictivelandtypes.Selectasuitablebuildinglocationanddesigntheschoolwiththeminimalfootprinttominimizesitedisruptionofthoseenvironmentallysensitiveareasidentifiedabove.


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SS Credit 2: Development Density & Community Connectivity1 Point

Intent

Channeldevelopmenttourbanareaswithexistinginfrastructure,protectgreenfieldsandpreservehabitatandnaturalresources.

Requirements

OPTION1—DEVELOPMENTDENSITY

ConstructorrenovatebuildingonapreviouslydevelopedsiteANDinacommunitywithaminimumdevelop-mentdensityof60,000squarefeetperacrenet(note:densitycalculationmustincludetheareaoftheprojectbeingbuiltandisbasedonatypicaltwo-storydowntowndevelopment).

Forthepurposesofthisoption,physicaleducationspacesthathavebeenincludedaspartoftheprojectsitesuchasplayingfieldsandassociatedbuildingsusedduringsportingeventsonly(suchasconcessionstands)andplaygroundswithplayequipmentareexcludedfromthedevelopmentdensitycalculations.

OR

OPTION2—COMMUNITYCONNECTIVITY

ConstructorrenovatebuildingonapreviouslydevelopedsiteANDwithin1/2mileofaresidentialzoneorneighborhoodwithanaveragedensityof10unitsperacrenetANDwithin1/2mileofatleast10BasicServicesANDwithpedestrianaccessbetweenthebuildingandtheservices.

BasicServicesinclude,butarenotlimitedto:

1)Bank;2)PlaceofWorship;3)ConvenienceGrocery;4)DayCare;5)Cleaners;6)FireStation;7)Beauty;8)Hardware;9)Laundry;10)Library;11)Medical/Dental;12)SeniorCareFacility;13)Park;14)Pharmacy;15)PostOffice;16)Restaurant;17)OtherSchoolsorUniversities;18)Supermarket;19)Theater;20)CommunityCenter;21)FitnessCenter;22)Museum.

Proximityisdeterminedbydrawinga1/2-mileradiusaroundanybuildingentranceonasitemapandcountingtheserviceswithinthatradius.


Duringthesiteselectionprocess,givepreferencetourbansiteswithpedestrianaccesstoavarietyofservices.


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SS Credit 3: Brownfield Redevelopment1 Point

Intent

Rehabilitatedamagedsiteswheredevelopmentiscomplicatedbyenvironmentalcontamination,reducingpres-sureonundevelopedland.

Requirements

ProjectscanonlyobtainthispointviaSSPrerequisite2,byremediatingthesite.


Identifytaxincentivesandpropertycostsavings.Coordinatesitedevelopmentplanswithremediationactivity,asappropriate.


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SS Credit 4.1: Alternative Transportation Public Transportation Access1 Point

Intent

Reducepollutionand/orlanddevelopmentimpactsfromindividualautomobileuse.

Requirements

OPTION1

Locateprojectwithin1/2mileofanexistingorplannedandfundedcommuterrail,lightrailorsubwaysta-tion.

OR

OPTION2

Locateprojectwithin1/4mileofoneormorestopsfortwoormorepublicorcampusbuslinesusablebybuild-ingoccupants.Aschoolbussystemmaycountasoneoftheselines.

OR

OPTION3

Showthattheschoolwheretheprojectislocatedhasanattendanceboundaryinwhichatleast80%ofstudentslivewithinnomorethan3/4mileforGrades8andbelow,and1-1/2milesforGrades9andabove.Inaddition,locatetheprojectonasitethatallowspedestrianaccesstothesitefromallresidentialneighborhoodsthathousetheplannedstudentpopulation.

ANDinallcases,providededicatedwalkingorbikeroutestothetransitthatextendfromtheschoolbuildingatleasttotheendoftheschoolpropertyin2ormoredifferentdirections,ensuringthatwalkingroutesandbikelaneshavenobarriersonschoolproperty(i.e.fences).


Performatransportationsurveyoffuturebuildingoccupantstoidentifytransportationneeds.Sitetheschoolnearmasstransit.Sitetheprojectneartheresidentialneighborhood(s)itwillbeserving.


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SS Credit 4.2: Alternative Transportation Bicycle Use1 Point

Intent


Requirements

Providesecurebicycleracksand/orstorage(within200yardsofabuildingentrance)for5%ormoreofallbuild-ingstaffandstudentsabovethirdgradelevel(measuredatpeakperiods).

ANDprovideshowerandchangingfacilitiesinthebuilding,orwithin200yardsofabuildingentrance,for0.5%ofFull-TimeEquivalent(FTE)staff.

ANDprovidededicatedbikelanesthatextendatleasttotheendoftheschoolpropertyin2ormoredifferentdirections,ensuringthatbikelaneshavenobarriersonschoolproperty(i.e.fences).


Design the building with transportation amenities such as bicycle racks and showering/changing facilities.Schooladministratorsshouldbeawareofissueswithstudentsandstaffsharingshowering/changingfacilitiesandensurethatbothgroupshaveaccesstofacilitiesandfeelcomfortableusingthem.Administratorsmaycon-siderprovidingseparateshowerfacilitiesiftherearenoprogrammaticwaystoprovideprivacyforstaffinsharedshowering/changingfacilities.


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SS Credit 4.3: Alternative Transportation Low-Emitting & Fuel-Efficient Vehicles1 Point

Intent


Requirements

OPTION1

Developandimplementaplanforthebusesandmaintenancevehiclesservingtheschooltouse20%naturalgas,propane,biodieselorlow-emittingandfuel-efficientvehicles.

OR

OPTION2

Providepreferredparkingfor5%ofthetotalvehicleparkingcapacityofthesiteandatleastonedesignatedcarpooldrop-offareaforlow-emittingandfuel-efficientvehicles.

For the purposes of this credit, low-emitting and fuel-efficient vehicles are defined as vehicles that are either classified as Zero Emission Vehicles (ZEV) by the California Air Resources Board or have achieved a minimum green score of 40 on the American Council for an Energy Efficient Economy (ACEEE) annual vehicle rating guide.

“Preferred parking” refers to the parking spots that are closest to the main entrance of the project (exclusive of spaces designated for handicapped) or parking passes provided at a discounted price.


Providetransportationamenitiessuchasalternativefuelrefuelingstations.Considersharingthecostsandbenefitsofrefuelingstationswithneighbors.UsingB-20biodieselinallbusesandmaintenancevehiclesisonewaytoobtainthispointthroughOption1.


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SS Credit 4.4: Alternative Transportation Parking Capacity1 Point

Intent


Requirements

OPTION1

SizeparkingcapacitytonotexceedminimumlocalzoningrequirementsANDprovidepreferredparkingforcarpoolsorvanpoolsfor5%ofthetotalprovidedparkingspaces.

OR

OPTION2

Providenonewparking.

OR

OPTION3

Forprojectsthathavenominimumlocalzoningrequirements,provide25%fewerparkingspacesthantheap-plicablestandardlistedinthe2003InstituteofTransportationEngineers(ITE)“ParkingGeneration”study(atwww.ite.org).

“Preferred parking” refers to the parking spots that are closest to the main entrance of the project (exclusive of spaces designated for handicapped) or parking passes provided at a discounted price.


Minimizeparkinglot/garagesize.Considersharingparkingfacilitieswithadjacentbuildings.Consideralterna-tivesthatwilllimittheuseofsingleoccupancyvehicles.


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SS Credit 5.1: Site Development Protect or Restore Habitat1 Point

Intent

Conserveexistingnaturalareasandrestoredamagedareastoprovidehabitatandpromotebiodiversity.

Requirements

Ongreenfieldsites,limitallsitedisturbanceto40feetbeyondthebuildingperimeter;10feetbeyondsurfacewalkways,patios,surfaceparkingandutilitieslessthan12inchesindiameter;15feetbeyondprimaryroadwaycurbsandmainutilitybranchtrenches;and25feetbeyondconstructedareaswithpermeablesurfaces(suchasperviouspavingareas,stormwaterdetentionfacilitiesandplayingfields)thatrequireadditionalstagingareasinordertolimitcompactionintheconstructedarea.

OR

Onpreviouslydevelopedorgradedsites,restoreorprotectaminimumof50%ofthesitearea(excludingthebuildingfootprint)withnativeoradaptedvegetation.Native/adaptedplantsareplantsindigenoustoalocalityorcultivarsofnativeplantsthatareadaptedtothelocalclimateandarenotconsideredinvasivespeciesornoxiousweeds.ProjectsearningSSCredit2andusingvegetatedroofsurfacesmayapplythevegetatedroofsurfacetothiscalculationiftheplantsmeetthedefinitionofnative/adapted.

Greenfield sites are those that are not previously developed or graded and remain in a natural state. Previously de-veloped sites are those that previously contained buildings, roadways, parking lots, or were graded or altered by direct human activities.


Ongreenfieldsites,performasitesurveytoidentifysiteelementsandadoptamasterplanfordevelopmentoftheprojectsite.Carefullysitethebuildingtominimizedisruptiontoexistingecosystemsanddesignthebuildingtominimizeitsfootprint.Strategiesincludestackingthebuildingprogram,tuck-underparkingandsharingfacili-tieswithneighbors.Establishclearlymarkedconstructionboundariestominimizedisturbanceoftheexistingsiteandrestorepreviouslydegradedareastotheirnaturalstate.Forpreviouslydevelopedsites,utilizelocalandregionalgovernmentalagencies,consultants,educationalfacilities,andnativeplantsocietiesasresourcesfortheselectionofappropriatenativeoradaptedplantmaterials.Prohibitplantmaterialslistedasinvasiveornoxiousweedspecies.Native/adaptedplantsrequireminimalornoirrigationfollowingestablishment,donotrequireactivemaintenancesuchasmowingorchemicalinputssuchasfertilizers,pesticidesorherbicides,andprovidehabitatvalueandpromotebiodiversitythroughavoidanceofmonocultureplantings.


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SS Credit 5.2: Site Development Maximize Open Space1 Point

Intent

Provideahighratioofopenspacetodevelopmentfootprinttopromotebiodiversity.

Requirements

OPTION1

Reducethedevelopmentfootprint(definedasthetotalareaofthebuildingfootprint,hardscape,accessroadsandparking)and/orprovidevegetatedopenspacewithintheprojectboundarytoexceedthelocalzoning’sopenspacerequirementforthesiteby25%.

OR

OPTION2

Forareaswithnolocalzoningrequirements(e.g.,someuniversitycampuses,militarybases),providevegetatedopenspaceareaadjacenttothebuildingthatisequaltothebuildingfootprint.

OR

OPTION3

Whereazoningordinanceexists,butthereisnorequirementforopenspace(zero),providevegetatedopenspaceequalto20%oftheproject’ssitearea.

ALLOPTIONS:

q ForprojectslocatedinurbanareasthatearnSSCredit2,vegetatedroofareascancontributetocreditcompli-ance.

q ForprojectslocatedinurbanareasthatearnSSCredit2,pedestrianorientedhardscapeareascancontributetocreditcompliance.Forsuchprojects,aminimumof25%oftheopenspacecountedmustbevegetated.

q Wetlandsornaturallydesignedpondsmaycountasopenspaceifthesideslopegradientsaverage1:4(vertical:horizontal)orlessandarevegetated.


Performasitesurveytoidentifysiteelementsandadoptamasterplanfordevelopmentoftheprojectsite.Se-lectasuitablebuildinglocationanddesignthebuildingwithaminimalfootprinttominimizesitedisruption.Strategiesincludestackingthebuildingprogram,tuck-underparkingandsharingfacilitieswithneighborstomaximizeopenspaceonthesite.


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SS Credit 6.1: Stormwater Design Quantity Control1 Point

Intent

Limitdisruptionofnaturalhydrologybyreducingimperviouscover,increasingon-siteinfiltration,andmanag-ingstormwaterrunoff.

Requirements

OPTION1—EXISTINGIMPERVIOUSNESSISLESSTHANOREQUALTO50%

Implementastormwatermanagementplanthatpreventsthepost-developmentpeakdischargerateandquan-tityfromexceedingthepre-developmentpeakdischargerateandquantityfortheone-andtwo-year,24-hourdesignstorms.

OR

Implementastormwatermanagementplanthatprotectsreceivingstreamchannelsfromexcessiveerosionbyimplementingastreamchannelprotectionstrategyandquantitycontrolstrategies.

OR

OPTION2—EXISTINGIMPERVIOUSNESSISGREATERTHAN50%

Implementastormwatermanagementplanthatresultsina25%decreaseinthevolumeofstormwaterrunofffromthetwo-year,24-hourdesignstorm.


Designtheprojectsitetomaintainnaturalstormwaterflowsbypromotinginfiltration.Specifyvegetatedroofs,perviouspaving,andothermeasurestominimizeimpervioussurfaces.Reusestormwatervolumesgeneratedfornon-potableusessuchaslandscapeirrigation,toiletandurinalflushingandcustodialuses.


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SS Credit 6.2: Stormwater Design Quality Control1 Point

Intent

Limitdisruptionandpollutionofnaturalwaterflowsbymanagingstormwaterrunoff.

Requirements

Implementastormwatermanagementplanthatreducesimperviouscover,promotesinfiltrationandcapturesandtreatsthestormwaterrunofffrom90%oftheaverageannualrainfallusingacceptablebestmanagementpractices(BMPs).

BMPsusedtotreatrunoffmustbecapableofremoving80%oftheaverageannualpostdevelopmenttotalsuspendedsolids(TSS)loadbasedonexistingmonitoringreports.BMPsareconsideredtomeetthesecriteriaif(1)theyaredesignedinaccordancewithstandardsandspecificationsfromastateorlocalprogramthathasadoptedtheseperformancestandards,or(2)thereexistsin-fieldperformancemonitoringdatademonstratingcompliancewiththecriteria.Datamustconformtoacceptedprotocol(e.g.,TechnologyAcceptanceReciprocityPartnership[TARP],WashingtonStateDepartmentofEcology)forBMPmonitoring.


Usealternativesurfaces(e.g.,vegetatedroofs,perviouspavementorgridpavers)andnonstructuraltechniques(e.g.,raingardens,vegetatedswales,disconnectionofimperviousness,rainwaterrecycling)toreduceimpervi-ousnessandpromoteinfiltrationtherebyreducingpollutantloadings.Considerperviousmaterialsforphysicaleducationspaces,suchaswoodmulch,recycledrubbermulchandperviouspaving.

Usesustainabledesignstrategies(e.g.,LowImpactDevelopment,EnvironmentallySensitiveDesign)todesignintegratednaturalandmechanicaltreatmentsystemssuchasconstructedwetlands,vegetatedfiltersandopenchannelstotreatstormwaterrunoff.


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Intent

Reduceheatislands(thermalgradientdifferencesbetweendevelopedandundevelopedareas)tominimizeimpactonmicroclimateandhumanandwildlifehabitat.

Requirements

OPTION1

Provideanycombinationofthefollowingstrategiesfor50%ofthesitehardscape(includingroads,sidewalks,courtyardsandparkinglots):

q Shade(within5yearsofoccupancy)

q PavingmaterialswithaSolarReflectanceIndex(SRI)ofatleast29

q Opengridpavementsystem

OR

OPTION2

Placeaminimumof50%ofparkingspacesundercover(definedasunderground,underdeck,underrooforunderabuilding).AnyroofusedtoshadeorcoverparkingmusthaveanSRIofatleast29.


Shadeconstructedsurfacesonthesitewithlandscapefeaturesandutilizehigh-reflectancematerialsforhardscape.Considerreplacingconstructedsurfaces(i.e.,roof,roads,sidewalks,etc.)withvegetatedsurfacessuchasvegetatedroofsandopengridpavingorspecifyhigh-albedomaterialstoreducetheheatabsorption.

SS Credit 7.1: Heat Island Effect Non-Roof1 Point


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SS Credit 7.2: Heat Island Effect Roof1 Point

Intent

Reduceheatislands(thermalgradientdifferencesbetweendevelopedandundevelopedareas)tominimizeimpactonmicroclimateandhumanandwildlifehabitat.

Requirements

OPTION1

UseroofingmaterialshavingaSolarReflectanceIndex(SRI)equaltoorgreaterthanthevaluesinthetablebelowforaminimumof75%oftheroofsurface.

OR

OPTION2

Installavegetatedroofforatleast50%oftheroofarea.

OR

OPTION3

Installhighalbedoandvegetatedroofsurfacesthat,incombination,meetthefollowingcriteria:

(AreaofSRIRoof/0.75)+(AreaofVegetatedRoof/0.5)>=TotalRoofArea


Considerinstallinghigh-albedoandvegetatedroofstoreduceheatabsorption.SRIiscalculatedaccordingtoASTME1980.ReflectanceismeasuredaccordingtoASTME903,ASTME1918,orASTMC1549.Emit-tanceismeasuredaccordingtoASTME408orASTMC1371.ProductinformationisavailablefromtheCoolRoofRatingCouncilWebsite,atwww.coolroofs.org.

Roof Type Slope SRI

Low-Sloped Roof ≤ 2:12 78Steep-Sloped Roof > 2:12 29


�1

SS Credit 8: Light Pollution Reduction1 Point

Intent

Minimizelighttrespassfromthebuildingandsite,reducesky-glowtoincreasenightskyaccess,improvenight-timevisibilitythroughglarereductionandreducedevelopmentimpactonnocturnalenvironments.

Requirements

FORINTERIORLIGHTING

Allnon-emergencyinteriorlighting,withadirectlineofsighttoanyopeningsintheenvelope(translucentortransparent),shallhaveitsinputpowerreduced(byautomaticdevice)byatleast50%betweenthehoursof11p.m.and5a.m.Afterhoursoverridemaybeprovidedbyamanualoroccupantsensingdeviceprovidedthattheoverridelastnomorethan30minutes.

OR

Allopeningsintheenvelope(translucentortransparent)withadirectlineofsighttoanynon-emergencylightingshallhaveshielding(foraresultanttransmittanceoflessthan10%)thatwillbecontrolled/closedbyautomaticdevicebetweenthehoursof11p.m.and5a.m.

AND

FOREXTERIORLIGHTING,excludingphysicaleducationspaces(playingfields)

Onlylightareasasrequiredforsafetyandcomfort.Donotexceed80%ofthelightingpowerdensitiesforexteriorareasand50%forbuildingfacadesandlandscapefeaturesasdefinedinASHRAE/IESNAStandard90.1-2004,ExteriorLightingSection,withoutamendments.

Allprojectsshallbeclassifiedunderoneofthefollowingzones,asdefinedinIESNARP-33,andshallfollowalloftherequirementsforthatspecificzone:

LZ1—Dark (Park and Rural Settings)

Designexteriorlightingsothatallsiteandbuildingmountedluminairesproduceamaximuminitialilluminancevaluenogreater than0.01horizontalandvertical footcandlesat the siteboundaryandbeyond.Documentthat0%ofthetotalinitialdesignedfixturelumensareemittedatanangleof90degreesorhigherfromnadir(straightdown).

LZ2—Low (Residential Areas)

Designexteriorlightingsothatallsiteandbuildingmountedluminairesproduceamaximuminitialilluminancevaluenogreaterthan0.10horizontalandverticalfootcandlesatthesiteboundaryandnogreaterthan0.01horizontalandverticalfootcandles10feetbeyondthesiteboundary.Documentthatnomorethan2%ofthetotalinitialdesignedfixturelumensareemittedatanangleof90degreesorhigherfromnadir(straightdown).Forsiteboundariesthatabutpublicrights-of-way,lighttrespassrequirementsmaybemetrelativetothecurblineinsteadofthesiteboundary.

LZ3—Medium (Commercial/Industrial, High-Density Residential)

Designexteriorlightingsothatallsiteandbuildingmountedluminairesproduceamaximuminitialillumi-nancevaluenogreaterthan0.20horizontalandverticalfootcandlesatthesiteboundaryandnogreaterthan


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0.01horizontalandverticalfootcandles15feetbeyondthesite.Documentthatnomorethan5%ofthetotalinitialdesignedfixturelumensareemittedatanangleof90degreesorhigherfromnadir(straightdown).Forsiteboundariesthatabutpublicrights-of-way,lighttrespassrequirementsmaybemetrelativetothecurblineinsteadofthesiteboundary.

LZ4—High (Major City Centers, Entertainment Districts)

Designexteriorlightingsothatallsiteandbuildingmountedluminairesproduceamaximuminitialillumi-nancevaluenogreaterthan0.60horizontalandverticalfootcandlesatthesiteboundaryandnogreaterthan0.01horizontalandverticalfootcandles15feetbeyondthesite.Documentthatnomorethan10%ofthetotalinitialdesignedsitelumensareemittedatanangleof90degreesorhigherfromnadir(straightdown).Forsiteboundariesthatabutpublicrights-of-way,lighttrespassrequirementsmaybemetrelativetothecurblineinsteadofthesiteboundary.

Sports Field Lighting

AutomaticShutoff:Allsportslightingshallbeautomaticallycontrolledtoshutoffnolaterthan11p.m.Manualoverrideshallbeprovidedtoavoiddisruptionofschoolsponsoredsportingevents.

TrespassCalculations:Alltrespasscalculationsshallbesubmittedfortwoconditions:(1)Withthesportslight-ingturnedoffandallothersitelightingturnedon,thelighttrespassrequirementsareasstatedabove,and(2)withjustthesportslightingon,thelighttrespassrequirementsforhorizontalandverticalfootcandlesmaybeincreasedtothefollowingilluminancelevels:

LZ1=0.10

LZ2=0.30

LZ3=0.80

LZ4=1.50


Adoptsitelightingcriteriatomaintainsafelightlevelswhileavoidingoff-sitelightingandnightskypollution.Minimizesitelightingwherepossibleandmodelthesitelightingusingacomputermodel.Technologiestoreducelightpollutionincludefullcutoffluminaires,low-reflectancesurfacesandlow-anglespotlights.

Notethatphysicaleducationspaces (playingfields)donotneedtocomplywiththe lightingpowerdensityrequirementsofthiscredit,asperASHRAE90.1section9.4.5,exceptionE.


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SS Credit 9: Site Master Plan1 Point

Intent

Ensuretheenvironmentalsiteissuesincludedintheinitialdevelopmentofthesiteandprojectarecontinuedthroughoutfuturedevelopmentduetochangesinprogramsordemography.

Requirements

Iftheprojectachievesatleast4outofthe7followingcreditsusingthetraditionalcalculationmethods,thenthiscreditrequiresthattheachievedcreditsberecalculatedusingthedatafromthemasterplan.Thesevencreditsinclude:

Credit1 SiteSelection

Credit5.1 SiteDevelopment,ProtectorRestoreHabitat

Credit5.2 SiteDevelopment,MaximizeOpenSpace

Credit6.1 StormwaterDesign,QuantityControl

Credit6.2 StormwaterDesign,QualityControl

Credit7.1 HeatIslandEffect,Non-Roof

Credit8 LightPollutionReduction

AND

Themasterplanfortheschoolmustbedevelopedincollaborationwiththeschoolboardorotherdecision-makingbody.Naturalareasanddesignedsustainablesitefeaturessuchasconstructedwetland,bioswale,etc.arepreserved.Themasterplan,therefore,mustincludecurrentconstructionactivityplusfutureconstruction(withinthebuilding’slifespan)thataffectsthesite.Themasterplandevelopmentfootprintshallalsoincludeparking,pavingandutilities.


SiteDevelopmentshouldincludeallpotentialexpansionoftheschooltoaccommodatefutureneedswhileadher-ingandmaintainingtheenvironmentalsiteconditionsreferencedaboveandexplicitlynotedonthesiteplanasfutureexpansion.Includeinthismasterplanlocationsoftemporaryclassroomfacilitiesthatwillnotimpacttheselectedenvironmentalconditions.UseofGISdataandothersimilartechnologiesshouldbeusedtoestablishthesitecapacityandcharacteristics.DesignconsiderationsshouldincludefutureverticalorhorizontalHVAC,electricalandstructuralloadsbasedonthemasterplan.


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SS Credit 10: Joint Use of Facilities1 Point

Intent

Maketheschoolamoreintegratedpartofthecommunitybyenablingthebuildinganditsplayingfieldstobeusedfornon-schooleventsandfunctions.

Requirements

OPTION1

Incollaborationwiththeschoolboardorotherdecision-makingbody,ensurethatatleastthree(3)ofthefollow-ingspacesincludedintheschoolareaccessibletoandavailableforsharedusebythegeneralpublic:Auditorium;Gymnasium;Cafeteria/Cafetorium;oneormoreClassrooms;PlayingFields.

OPTION2

Incollaborationwiththeschoolboardorotherdecision-makingbody,engageinacontractwithcommunityorotherorganizationstoprovideatleasttwo(2)dedicated-usespacesinthebuilding.Dedicated-usespacesinclude,butarenotlimitedto:

1)CommercialOffice;2)HealthClinic;3)CommunityServiceCenters(providedbystate,cityorcountyof-fices);4)PoliceOffices;5)Oneormorecommercialsectorbusinesses;etc.

FORBOTHOPTIONS1AND2

Providedirectpedestrianaccesstothesespaceswhileprovidingsecurityfortheschool.Designwillincludethefollowing:

q Providedoorsorsecuritygatestocloseoffthoseportionsoftheschoolthatarenotbeingusedduringoff-hourevents.

q Provideaseparateentrytospacesintendedforjointuse.

q Forinteriorspaces,provideaccessiblerestroomfacilitiesforsharedfacilitiesoftheschool.

OPTION3

Incollaborationwiththeschooldistrictorotherdecision-makingbody,ensurethatatleasttwoofthefollowingsix(6)spacesthatareownedbyotherorganizations/agenciesareaccessibletostudents:Auditorium;Gymna-sium;Cafeteria;oneormoreClassrooms;SwimmingPools;PlayingFields.Providedirectpedestrianaccesstothesespacesfromtheschool.Inaddition,providesignedagreementswiththeotherorganizations/agenciesthatstipulatehowtheschooldistrictandorganizations/agencieswillsharethesespaces.


Contactotherpublicagenciesandorganizationsthatmaywishtouseschoolfacilities.Forexample,ParksandRecreationDepartmentsmayneeduseofadditionalfieldswhileschooldistrictsmayneeduseofacommunitypool.


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Water EfficiencyWE Credit 1.1: Water Efficient Landscaping Reduce by 50%1 Point

Intent

Limitoreliminatetheuseofpotablewaterorothernaturalsurfaceorsubsurfacewaterresourcesavailableonorneartheprojectsiteforlandscapeirrigation.

Requirements

Reducepotablewaterconsumptionforirrigationby50%fromacalculatedmid-summerbaselinecase.

Reductionsshallbeattributedtoanycombinationofthefollowingitems:

q Plantspeciesfactor

q Irrigationefficiency

q Useofcapturedrainwater

q Useofrecycledwastewater

q Useofwatertreatedandconveyedbyapublicagencyspecificallyfornon-potableuses


Performasoil/climateanalysistodetermineappropriateplantmaterialanddesignthelandscapewithnativeoradaptedplantstoreduceoreliminateirrigationrequirements.Whereirrigationisrequired,usehigh-efficiencyequipmentand/orclimate-basedcontrollers.


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WE Credit 1.2: Water Efficient Landscaping No Potable Water Use or No Irrigation1 Point in addition to WE Credit 1.1

Intent

Eliminatetheuseofpotablewaterorothernaturalsurfaceorsubsurfacewaterresourcesavailableonorneartheprojectsiteforlandscapeirrigation.

Requirements

AchieveWECredit1.1and:

Useonlycapturedrainwater,recycledwastewater,recycledgraywaterorwatertreatedandconveyedbyapublicagencyspecificallyfornon-potableusesforirrigation.

OR

Installlandscapingthatdoesnotrequirepermanentirrigationsystems.Temporaryirrigationsystemsusedforplantestablishmentareallowedonlyifremovedwithinoneyearofinstallation.


Performasoil/climateanalysistodetermineappropriatelandscapetypesanddesignthelandscapewithindigenousplantstoreduceoreliminateirrigationrequirements.Considerusingstormwater,graywaterand/orcondensatewaterforirrigation.


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WE Credit 2: Innovative Wastewater Technologies1 Point

Intent

Reducegenerationofwastewaterandpotablewaterdemand,whileincreasingthelocalaquiferrecharge.

Requirements

OPTION1

Reducepotablewateruseforbuildingsewageconveyanceby50%throughtheuseofwater-conservingfixtures(waterclosets,urinals)ornon-potablewater(capturedrainwater,recycledgraywaterandon-siteormunicipallytreatedwastewater).

OR

OPTION2

Treat50%ofwastewateron-sitetotertiarystandards.Treatedwatermustbeinfiltratedorusedon-site.


Specifyhigh-efficiencyfixturesanddryfixturessuchascompostingtoiletsystemsandnon-waterusingurinalstoreducewastewatervolumes.Considerreusingstormwaterorgraywaterforsewageconveyanceoron-sitewaste-watertreatmentsystems(mechanicaland/ornatural).Optionsforon-sitewastewatertreatmentincludepackagedbiologicalnutrientremovalsystems,constructedwetlandsandhigh-efficiencyfiltrationsystems.


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WE Credit 3.1: Water Use Reduction 20% Reduction1 Point

Intent

Maximizewaterefficiencywithinbuildingstoreducetheburdenonmunicipalwatersupplyandwastewatersystems.

Requirements

Employstrategiesthatinaggregateuse20%lesswaterthanthewaterusebaselinecalculatedforthebuilding(notincludingirrigation)aftermeetingtheEnergyPolicyActof1992fixtureperformancerequirements.Cal-culationsarebasedonestimatedoccupantusageandshallincludeonlythefollowingfixtures(asapplicabletothebuilding):waterclosets,urinals,lavatoryfaucets,showersandkitchensinks.


Usehigh-efficiencyfixtures,dryfixturessuchascompostingtoiletsystemsandnon-waterusingurinals,andoc-cupantsensorstoreducethepotablewaterdemand.Considerreuseofstormwaterandgraywaterfornon-potableapplicationssuchastoiletandurinalflushingandcustodialuses.


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Intent


Requirements

Employstrategiesthatinaggregateuse30%(1point)or40%(2points)lesswaterthanthewaterusebaselinecalculatedforthebuilding(notincludingirrigation)aftermeetingtheEnergyPolicyActof1992fixtureperfor-mancerequirements.Calculationsarebasedonestimatedoccupantusageandshallincludeonlythefollowingfixtures(asapplicabletothebuilding):waterclosets,urinals,lavatoryfaucets,showersandkitchensinks.


Usehigh-efficiencyfixtures,dryfixturessuchascompostingtoiletsandwaterlessurinals,andoccupantsensorstoreducethepotablewaterdemand.Considerreuseofstormwaterandgraywaterfornon-potableapplicationssuchastoiletandurinalflushing,mechanicalsystemsandcustodialuses.

WE Credits 3.2 & 3.3: Water Use Reduction 30% or 40% Reduction1–2 Points in addition to WE Credit 3.1


�0

WE Credit 4: Process Water Use Reduction 20% Reduction1 Point

Intent


Requirements

Toreceivethiscredit,buildingsmusthave:

q Norefrigerationequipmentusingonce-throughcoolingwithpotablewater,AND

q Nogarbagedisposals,AND

q Atleast4processitemswherewateruseisatorbelowthelevelsshowninthetablebelow.Forequipmentnot addressed by the table, additional equipment performance requirements may be proposed provideddocumentationsupportingatleasta20%reductionovertheproposedbenchmarkorindustrystandardissubmitted.

Commercial Equipment Performance Requirements Table


Assesstheprocesswaterequipmentneedsfortheprojectbasedonprogrammaticconsiderationsandsizeoftheschool.Specifytheuseofhigh-efficiencyequipment,appropriatelysized,toreducethepotablewaterdemand.

Equipment Type Maximum Water Use Other Requirements

Clothes Washers1 7.5 gallons/ft3/cycle

Dishwashers 1.0 gallons/rack

Ice Machines2 Lbs/day>175 No water-cooled machines

20 gallons/100 lbs

Lbs/day<175 No water-cooled machines

30 gallons/100 lbs

Food Steamers 2 gallons/hour Boilerless steamers only

Pre-Rinse Spray Valves 1.4 gallons/minute

1 Commercial CEE Tier 3a - Residential CEE (Consortium for Energy Efficiency) Tier 1

2 CEE Tier 3


�1

Energy and AtmosphereEA Prereqiosite 1: Fundamental Commissioning of the Building Energy SystemsRequired

Intent

Verifythatthebuilding’senergy-relatedsystemsareinstalled,calibratedandperformaccordingtotheOwner’sProjectRequirements,BasisofDesignandConstructionDocuments.

Benefits of Commissioning

Benefitsof commissioning include reduced energyuse, loweroperating costs, reduced contractor callbacks,betterbuildingdocumentation,improvedoccupantproductivityandverificationthatthesystemsperforminaccordancewiththeowner’sprojectrequirements.

Requirements

Thefollowingcommissioningprocessactivitiesshallbecompletedbythecommissioningteam,inaccordancewiththisLEEDforSchoolsReferenceGuide.

1) DesignateanindividualastheCommissioningAuthority(CxA)tolead,reviewandoverseethecompletionofthecommissioningprocessactivities.

a) TheCommissioningAuthorityshallhavedocumentedcommissioningauthorityexperienceinatleasttwobuildingprojects.

b) TheindividualservingastheCommissioningAuthorityshallbeindependentoftheproject’sdesignandconstructionmanagement, though theymaybe employeesof thefirmsproviding those services.TheCommissioningAuthoritymaybeaqualifiedemployeeorconsultantoftheOwner.

c) TheCommissioningAuthorityshallreportresults,findingsandrecommendationsdirectlytotheOwn-er.

d) Forprojectssmallerthan50,000squarefeet,theCommissioningAuthoritymayincludequalifiedpersonsonthedesignorconstructionteamswhohavetherequiredexperience.

2) TheOwnershalldocumenttheOwner’sProjectRequirements(OPR).ThedesignteamshalldeveloptheBasisofDesign(BOD).TheCommissioningAuthorityshallreviewthesedocumentsforclarityandcompleteness.TheOwneranddesignteamshallberesponsibleforupdatestotheirrespectivedocuments.

3) Developandincorporatecommissioningrequirementsintotheconstructiondocuments.

4) Developandimplementacommissioningplan.

5) Verifytheinstallationandperformanceofthesystemstobecommissioned.

6) Completeasummarycommissioningreport.

Commissioned Systems

Commissioningprocessactivitiesshallbecompletedforthefollowingenergy-relatedsystems,ataminimum:

q Heating,ventilating,air-conditioningandrefrigeration(HVAC&R)systems(mechanicalandpassive)andassociatedcontrols

q Lightinganddaylightingcontrols


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q Domestichotwatersystems

q Renewableenergysystems(wind,solar,etc.)


Theprocessofcommissioningaschoolinvolvesadetailedreviewofbuildingsystemsduringconstructiontoconfirmthattheyarefunctioningproperly.Thisensuresthatbenefitsofenergysavingsandhighindoorenvi-ronmentalqualityareactuallyrealizedduringbuildingoperationsasintended.Commissioningprovidesalevelofqualitycontrolthathasbeenshowntoreducetheneedforcontractorcallbacks.

Inordertomeetthisprerequisite,ownersarerequiredtousequalifiedindividualstoleadthecommissioningpro-cess.Qualifiedindividualsareidentifiedasthosewhopossessahighlevelofexperienceinthefollowingareas:

q Energysystemsdesign,installationandoperation

q Commissioningplanningandprocessmanagement

q Hands-onfieldexperiencewithenergysystemsperformance,interaction,start-up,balancing,testing,trouble-shooting,operationandmaintenanceprocedures

q Energysystemsautomationcontrolknowledge

Ownersareencouragedtoconsiderincludingwater-usingsystems,buildingenvelopesystemsandothersystemsinthescopeofthecommissioningplan,asappropriate.Thebuildingenvelopeisanimportantcomponentofaschoolfacilitywhichimpactsenergyconsumption,occupantcomfortandindoorairquality.Buildingenvelopecommissioning,whilenotrequiredbyLEED,canresultinsignificantfinancialsavingsandreducedriskofpoorindoorairquality.

ThisLEEDforSchoolsReferenceGuideprovidesguidanceontherigorexpectedforthisprerequisiteforthefollowing:

q Owner’sProjectRequirements

q BasisofDesign

q CommissioningPlan

q CommissioningSpecification

q PerformanceVerificationDocumentation

q CommissioningReport


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EA Prerequisite 2: Minimum Energy PerformanceRequired

Intent

Establishtheminimumlevelofenergyefficiencyfortheproposedbuildingandsystems.

Requirements

Designthebuildingprojecttocomplywithboth—

q themandatoryprovisions(Sections5.4,6.4,7.4,8.4,9.4and10.4)ofASHRAE/IESNAStandard90.1-2004(withoutamendments);and

q theprescriptiverequirements(Sections5.5,6.5,7.5and9.5)orperformancerequirements(Section11)ofASHRAE/IESNAStandard90.1-2004(withoutamendments).

AND

q theprojectmustestablishanEnergyPerformanceRatinggoalforthefacilitydesignusingEPA’sTargetFinderratingtool.


Designthebuildingenvelope,HVAC,lightingandothersystemstomaximizeenergyperformance.TheASHRAE90.1-2004User’sManualcontainsworksheetsthatcanbeusedtodocumentcompliancewiththisprerequisite.ThecomputersimulationmodelusedforEACredit1mayalsobeusedtoconfirmsatisfactionofthisprerequisite.

Ifalocalcodehasdemonstratedquantitativeandtextualequivalencefollowing,ataminimum,theU.S.Depart-mentofEnergystandardprocessforcommercialenergycodedetermination,thenitmaybeusedtosatisfythisprerequisiteinlieuofASHRAE90.1-2004.DetailsontheDOEprocessforcommercialenergycodedetermina-tioncanbefoundatwww.energycodes.gov/implement/determinations_com.stm.


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EA Prerequisite 3: Fundamental Refrigerant ManagementRequired

Intent

Reduceozonedepletion.

Requirements

ZerouseofCFC-basedrefrigerantsinnewbasebuildingHVAC&Rsystems.WhenreusingexistingbasebuildingHVACequipment,completeacomprehensiveCFCphase-outconversionpriortoprojectcompletion.Phase-outplansextendingbeyondtheprojectcompletiondatewillbeconsideredontheirmerits.


WhenreusingexistingHVACsystems,conductaninventorytoidentifyequipmentthatusesCFCrefrigerantsandprovideareplacementschedulefortheserefrigerants.Fornewbuildings,specifynewHVACequipmentthatusesnoCFCrefrigerants.


35

EA Credit 1: Optimize Energy Performance2–10 Points2 points mandatory

Intent

Achieve increasing levels of energy performance above the baseline in the prerequisite standard to reduce envi-ronmental and economic impacts associated with excessive energy use.

Requirements

OPTION 1—WHOLE BUILDING ENERGY SIMULATION

Demonstrate a percentage improvement in the proposed building performance rating compared to the baseline building performance rating per ASHRAE/IESNA Standard 90.1-2004 by a whole building project simulation using the Building Performance Rating Method in Appendix G of the Standard. The minimum energy cost savings percentage for each point threshold is as follows:

Appendix G of Standard 90.1-2004 requires that the energy analysis done for the Building Performance Rating Method include ALL of the energy costs within and associated with the building project. To achieve points using this credit, the proposed design—

❑ must comply with the mandatory provisions (Sections 5.4, 6.4, 7.4, 8.4, 9.4 and 10.4) in Standard 90.1-2004 (without amendments);

❑ must include all the energy costs within and associated with the building project; and

❑ must be compared against a baseline building that complies with Appendix G to Standard 90.1-2004. The default process energy cost is 25% of the total energy cost for the baseline building. For buildings where the process energy cost is less than 25% of the baseline building energy cost, the LEED submittal must include supporting documentation substantiating that process energy inputs are appropriate.

For the purpose of this analysis, process energy is considered to include, but is not limited to, office and general miscellaneous equipment, computers, elevators and escalators, kitchen cooking and refrigeration, laundry washing and drying, lighting exempt from the lighting power allowance (e.g., lighting integral to medical equipment) and other (e.g., waterfall pumps). Regulated (non-process) energy includes lighting (such as for the interior, parking garage, surface parking, façade or building grounds, except as noted above), HVAC (such as for space heating, space cooling, fans, pumps, toilet exhaust, parking garage ventilation, kitchen hood exhaust, etc.), and service water heating for space heating purposes.

New Buildings Existing Building Renovations Points

14% 7% 2 17.5% 10.5% 3 21% 14% 4 24.5% 17.5% 5 28% 21% 6 31.5% 24.5% 7 35% 28% 8 38.5% 31.5% 9 42% 35% 10


36

For EA Credit 1, process loads shall be identical for both the baseline building performance rating and for the proposed building performance rating. However, project teams may follow the Exceptional Calculation Method (ASHRAE 90.1-2004 G2.5) to document measures that reduce process loads. Documentation of process load energy savings shall include a list of the assumptions made for both the base and proposed design and theoretical or empirical information supporting these assumptions.

OR

OPTION 2— PRESCRIPTIVE COMPLIANCE PATH: Advanced Buildings™ Core Performance™ Guide (2-5 Points)

Comply with the prescriptive measures identified in the Advanced Buildings™ Core Performance™ Guide developed by the New Buildings Institute. The following restrictions apply:

❑ The project must be a school under 100,000 square feet.

❑ Project teams must fully comply with Sections One, Design Process Strategies, and Two, Core Performance Requirements.

Minimum points achieved under Option 3 (2-3 points):

❑ Three (3) points are available for all school projects under 100,000 square feet that comply with Sections One and Two of the Core Performance Guide.

❑ Two (2) points are available for all other project types under 100,000 square feet that implement the basic requirements of the Core Performance Guide

Additional points available under Option 3 (up to 2 additional points):

❑ Up to two (2) additional points are available to projects that implement performance strategies listed in Sec-tion Three, Enhanced Performance. For every three strategies implemented from this section, one point is available.

❑ Any strategies applicable to the project may be implemented except:

3.1-Cool Roofs

3.8-Night Venting

3.13-Additional Commissioning

These strategies are addressed by different aspects of the LEED program and are not eligible for additional points under EA Credit 1.


Design the building envelope and systems to maximize energy performance. Use a computer simulation model to assess the energy performance and identify the most cost-effective energy efficiency measures. Quantify energy performance as compared to a baseline building.

If a local code has demonstrated quantitative and textual equivalence following, at a minimum, the U.S. Department of Energy standard process for commercial energy code determination, then the results of that analysis may be used to correlate local code performance with ASHRAE 90.1-2004. Details on the DOE process for commercial energy code determination can be found at www.energycodes.gov/implement/ determinations_com.stm.


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Intent

Encourageandrecognizeincreasinglevelsofon-siterenewableenergyself-supplyinordertoreduceenvironmentalandeconomicimpactsassociatedwithfossilfuelenergyuse.

Requirements

Useon-siterenewableenergysystemstooffsetbuildingenergycost.Calculateprojectperformancebyexpressingtheenergyproducedbytherenewablesystemsasapercentageofthebuildingannualenergycostandusingthetablebelowtodeterminethenumberofpointsachieved.

UsethebuildingannualenergycostcalculatedinEACredit1orusetheDepartmentofEnergy(DOE)Com-mercialBuildingsEnergyConsumptionSurvey(CBECS)databasetodeterminetheestimatedelectricityuse.(TableofusefordifferentbuildingtypesisprovidedinthisReferenceGuide.)


Assess theproject fornon-pollutingandrenewableenergypotential includingsolar,wind,geothermal, low-impacthydro,biomassandbio-gasstrategies.Whenapplyingthesestrategies,takeadvantageofnetmeteringwiththelocalutility.

Schoolofficialsshouldcontacttheirlocalutilitiesandstateenergyofficestoidentifypotentialfinancialincen-tivesthatcanpayforsomeoralloftherenewableenergysystem.Inaddition,somecompaniesofferdesign,construction,maintenanceandfinancingofrenewableenergysystemsiftheschoolbuysalltheenergyoutputofthesystemforasetfeeandtimeperiod.

EA Credit 2: On-Site Renewable Energy1–3 Points


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EA Credit 3: Enhanced Commissioning1 Point

Intent

Beginthecommissioningprocessearlyduringthedesignprocessandexecuteadditionalactivitiesaftersystemsperformanceverificationiscompleted.

Requirements

Implement,orhaveacontractinplacetoimplement,thefollowingadditionalcommissioningprocessactivitiesinadditiontotherequirementsofEAPrerequisite1andinaccordancewiththisLEEDforSchoolsReferenceGuide:

1. Priortothestartoftheconstructiondocumentsphase,designateanindependentCommissioningAuthority(CxA)tolead,reviewandoverseethecompletionofallcommissioningprocessactivities.TheCxAshall,ataminimum,performTasks2,3and6.OtherteammembersmayperformTasks4and5.

a. TheCommissioningAuthorityshallhavedocumentedcommissioningauthorityexperienceinatleasttwobuildingprojects.

b. TheindividualservingastheCommissioningAuthorityshallbe—

i. independentoftheworkofdesignandconstruction;

ii. notanemployeeofthedesignfirm,thoughtheymaybecontractedthroughthem;

iii.notanemployeeof,orcontractedthrough,acontractororconstructionmanagerholdingconstructioncontracts;and

iv. (canbe)aqualifiedemployeeorconsultantoftheOwner.

c. TheCommissioningAuthorityshallreportresults,findingsandrecommendationsdirectlytotheOwn-er.

d. Thisrequirementhasnodeviationforprojectsize.

2. TheCommissioningAuthorityshallconduct,ataminimum,onecommissioningdesignreviewoftheOwner’sProjectRequirements(OPR),BasisofDesign(BOD)anddesigndocumentspriortomid-constructiondocu-mentsphaseandback-checkthereviewcommentsinthesubsequentdesignsubmission.

3. TheCommissioningAuthorityshallreviewcontractorsubmittalsapplicabletosystemsbeingcommissionedforcompliancewiththeOPRandBOD.ThisreviewshallbeconcurrentwithA/EreviewsandsubmittedtothedesignteamandtheOwner.

4. Developasystemsmanualthatprovidesfutureoperatingstafftheinformationneededtounderstandandoptimallyoperatethecommissionedsystems.

5. Verifythattherequirementsfortrainingoperatingpersonnelandbuildingoccupantsarecompleted.

6. AssuretheinvolvementbytheCommissioningAuthorityinreviewingbuildingoperationwithin10monthsaftersubstantialcompletionwithO&Mstaffandoccupants.Includeaplanforresolutionofoutstandingcommissioning-relatedissues.


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AlthoughitispreferablethattheCommissioningAuthoritybecontractedbytheOwner,fortheenhancedcom-missioningcredit,theCommissioningAuthoritymayalsobecontractedthroughthedesignfirmsorconstructionmanagementfirmsnotholdingconstructioncontracts.

ThisLEEDforSchoolsReferenceGuideprovidesdetailedguidanceontherigorexpectedforfollowingprocessactivities:

q Commissioningdesignreview

q Commissioningsubmittalreview

q Systemsmanual


�0

EA Credit 4: Enhanced Refrigerant Management1 Point

Intent

Reduceozonedepletionand supportearlycompliancewith theMontrealProtocolwhileminimizingdirectcontributionstoglobalwarming.

Requirements

OPTION1

Donotuserefrigerants.

OR

OPTION2

SelectrefrigerantsandHVAC&Rthatminimizeoreliminatetheemissionofcompoundsthatcontributetoozonedepletionandglobalwarming.ThebasebuildingHVAC&Requipmentshallcomplywiththefollow-ingformula,whichsetsamaximumthresholdforthecombinedcontributionstoozonedepletionandglobalwarmingpotential:

LCGWP+LCODPx105≤100

Where:

LCODP=[ODPrx(LrxLife+Mr)xRc]/Life

LCGWP=[GWPrx(LrxLife+Mr)xRc]/Life

LCODP:LifecycleOzoneDepletionPotential(lbCFC11/Ton-Year)

LCGWP:LifecycleDirectGlobalWarmingPotential(lbCO2/Ton-Year)

GWPr:GlobalWarmingPotentialofRefrigerant(0to12,000lbCO2/lbr)

ODPr:OzoneDepletionPotentialofRefrigerant(0to0.2lbCFC11/lbr)

Lr:RefrigerantLeakageRate(0.5%to2.0%;defaultof2%unlessotherwisedemonstrated)

Mr:End-of-lifeRefrigerantLoss(2%to10%;defaultof10%unlessotherwisedemonstrated)

Rc:RefrigerantCharge(0.5to5.0lbsofrefrigerantpertonofcoolingcapacity)

Life:EquipmentLife(10years;defaultbasedonequipmenttype,unlessotherwisedemonstrated)

Formultipletypesofequipment,aweightedaverageofallbasebuildinglevelHVAC&Requipmentshallbeappliedusingthefollowingformula:

[∑(LCGWP+LCODPx105)xQunit]/Qtotal≤100

Where:

Qunit=CoolingcapacityofanindividualHVACorrefrigerationunit(Tons)

Qtotal=TotalcoolingcapacityofallHVACorrefrigeration(Tons)

SmallHVACunits(definedascontaininglessthan0.5lbsofrefrigerant)andotherequipment,suchasstandardrefrigerators,smallwatercoolersandanyothercoolingequipmentthatcontainslessthan0.5lbsofrefrigerant,


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arenotconsideredpartofthe“basebuilding”systemandarenotsubjecttotherequirementsofthiscredit.

AND

Donotinstallfiresuppressionsystemsthatcontainozone-depletingsubstances(CFCs,HCFCsorHalons).


Designandoperate theschoolwithoutmechanicalcoolingandrefrigerationequipment.Wheremechanicalcoolingisused,utilizebasebuildingHVACandrefrigerationsystemsfortherefrigerationcyclethatminimizedirectimpactonozonedepletionandglobalwarming.SelectHVAC&Requipmentwithreducedrefrigerantchargeandincreasedequipmentlife.Maintainequipmenttopreventleakageofrefrigeranttotheatmosphere.UtilizefiresuppressionsystemsthatdonotcontainHCFCsorHalons.


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EA Credit 5: Measurement & Verification1 Point

Intent

Providefortheongoingaccountabilityofbuildingenergyconsumptionovertime.

Requirements

q DevelopandimplementaMeasurement&Verification(M&V)PlanconsistentwithOptionD:CalibratedSimulation(SavingsEstimationMethod2)orOptionB:EnergyConservationMeasureIsolation,asspeci-fiedintheInternational Performance Measurement & Verification Protocol (IPMVP) Volume III: Concepts and Options for Determining Energy Savings in New Construction, April, 2003.

q TheM&Vperiodshallcoveraperiodofnolessthanoneyearofpost-constructionoccupancy.

q ProvideaprocessforcorrectiveactiontoensureenergysavingsarerealizediftheresultsoftheM&Vplanindicatethatenergysavingsarenotbeingachieved


DevelopanM&VPlantoevaluatebuildingand/orenergysystemperformance.Characterizethebuildingand/orenergysystemsthroughenergysimulationorengineeringanalysis.Installthenecessarymeteringequipmenttomeasureenergyuse.Trackperformancebycomparingpredictedperformancetoactualperformance,brokendownbycomponentorsystem,asappropriate.Evaluateenergyefficiencybycomparingactualperformancetobaselineperformance.

WhiletheIPMVPdescribesspecificactionsforverifyingsavingsassociatedwithenergyconservationmeasures(ECMs)andstrategies,thisLEEDcreditexpandsupontypicalIPMVPM&Vobjectives.M&VactivitiesshouldnotnecessarilybeconfinedtoenergysystemswhereECMsorenergyconservationstrategieshavebeenimple-mented.TheIPMVPprovidesguidanceonM&Vstrategiesandtheirappropriateapplicationsforvarioussitu-ations.Thesestrategiesshouldbeusedinconjunctionwithmonitoringandtrendloggingofsignificantenergysystemstoprovidefortheongoingaccountabilityofbuildingenergyperformance.


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EA Credit 6: Green Power1 Point

Intent

Encourage the development and use of grid-source, renewable energy technologies on a net zero pollutionbasis.

Requirements

Provideatleast35%ofthebuilding’selectricityfromrenewablesourcesbyengaginginatleastatwo-yearre-newableenergycontract.RenewablesourcesareasdefinedbytheCenterforResourceSolutions(CRS)Green-eproductscertificationrequirements.

DETERMINETHEBASELINEELECTRICITYUSE

UsetheannualelectricityconsumptionfromtheresultsofEACredit1.

OR

UsetheDepartmentofEnergy(DOE)CommercialBuildingsEnergyConsumptionSurvey(CBECS)databasetodeterminetheestimatedelectricityuse.

Schooldistrictscanpurchasegreenpoweronacentralizedbasisandallocatethegreenpowertoaspecificproj-ect.


Determinetheenergyneedsofthebuildingandinvestigateopportunitiestoengageinagreenpowercontract.Greenpowerisderivedfromsolar,wind,geothermal,biomassorlow-impacthydrosources.Visitwww.green-e.orgfordetailsabouttheGreen-eprogram.ThepowerproductpurchasedtocomplywithcreditrequirementsneednotbeGreen-ecertified.OthersourcesofgreenpowerareeligibleiftheysatisfytheGreen-eprogram’stechnicalrequirements.Renewableenergycertificates(RECs),tradablerenewablecertificates(TRCs),greentagsandotherformsofgreenpowerthatcomplywithGreen-e’stechnicalrequirementscanbeusedtodocumentcompliancewithEACredit6requirements.


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Materials and Resources

Intent

Facilitatethereductionofwastegeneratedbybuildingoccupantsthatishauledtoanddisposedofinlandfills.

Requirements

Provideaneasilyaccessibleareathatservestheentirebuildingandisdedicatedtothecollectionandstorageofnon-hazardousmaterialsforrecycling,including(ataminimum)paper,corrugatedcardboard,glass,plasticsandmetals.Anareashouldalsobededicatedtocollectionandstorageofplant-basedlandscapingdebris(trimmings),unlessthesitehasnolandscaping.


Coordinatethesizeandfunctionalityoftherecyclingareaswiththeanticipatedcollectionservicesforglass,plastic,officepaper,newspaper,cardboardandorganicwastestomaximizetheeffectivenessofthededicatedareas.Consideremployingcardboardbalers,aluminumcancrushers,recyclingchutesandcollectionbinsatindividualworkstationstofurtherenhancetherecyclingprogram.

MR Prerequisite 1: Storage & Collection of RecyclablesRequired


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MR Credit 1.1: Building Reuse Maintain 75% of Existing Walls, Floors & Roof1 Point

Intent

Extendthelifecycleofexistingbuildingstock,conserveresources,retainculturalresources,reducewasteandreduceenvironmentalimpactsofnewbuildingsastheyrelatetomaterialsmanufacturingandtransport.

Requirements

Maintainatleast75%(basedonsurfacearea)ofexistingbuildingstructure(includingstructuralfloorandroofdecking)andenvelope(exteriorskinandframing,excludingwindowassembliesandnon-structuralroofingmate-rial).Hazardousmaterialsthatareremediatedasapartoftheprojectscopeshallbeexcludedfromthecalculationofthepercentagemaintained.Iftheprojectincludesanadditiontoanexistingbuilding,thiscreditisnotap-plicableifthesquarefootageoftheadditionismorethan2timesthesquarefootageoftheexistingbuilding.


Considerreuseofexisting,previouslyoccupiedbuildings,includingstructure,envelopeandelements.Removeelements thatposecontaminationrisk tobuildingoccupantsandupgradecomponents thatwould improveenergyandwaterefficiencysuchaswindows,mechanicalsystemsandplumbingfixtures.Quantifytheextentofbuildingreuse.


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MR Credit 1.2: Building Reuse Maintain 95% of Existing Walls, Floors & Roof 1 Point in addition to MR Credit 1.1

Intent


Requirements

Maintainanadditional20%(95%total,basedonsurfacearea)ofexistingbuildingstructure(includingstructuralfloorandroofdecking)andenvelope(exteriorskinandframing,excludingwindowassembliesandnon-struc-turalroofingmaterial).Hazardousmaterialsthatareremediatedasapartoftheprojectscopeshallbeexcludedfromthecalculationofthepercentagemaintained.Iftheprojectincludesanadditiontoanexistingbuilding,thiscreditisnotapplicableifthesquarefootageoftheadditionismorethantwotimesthesquarefootageoftheexistingbuilding.


Considerreuseofexisting,previouslyoccupiedbuildings,includingstructure,envelopeandelements.Removeelements thatposecontaminationrisk tobuildingoccupantsandupgradecomponents thatwould improveenergyandwaterefficiencysuchaswindows,mechanicalsystemsandplumbingfixtures.Quantifytheextentofbuildingreuse.


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MR Credit 1.3: Building Reuse Maintain 50% of Interior Non-Structural Elements1 Point

Intent


Requirements

Useexistinginteriornon-structuralelements(interiorwalls,doors,floorcoveringsandceilingsystems)inatleast50%(byarea)ofthecompletedbuilding(includingadditions).Iftheprojectincludesanadditiontoanexistingbuilding,thiscreditisnotapplicableifthesquarefootageoftheadditionismorethantwotimesthesquarefootageoftheexistingbuilding.


Considerreuseofexisting,previouslyoccupiedbuildings,includingstructure,envelopeandinteriornon-struc-turalelements.Removeelementsthatposecontaminationrisktobuildingoccupantsandupgradecomponentsthatwouldimproveenergyandwaterefficiency,suchasmechanicalsystemsandplumbingfixtures.Quantifytheextentofbuildingreuse.


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MR Credits 2.1 & 2.2: Construction Waste Management Divert From Disposal1–2 Points

Intent

Divertconstruction,demolitionandland-clearingdebrisfromdisposalinlandfillsandincinerators.Redirectrecy-clablerecoveredresourcesbacktothemanufacturingprocess.Redirectreusablematerialstoappropriatesites.

Requirements

Recycleand/orsalvageatleast

q 50%(1point)

q 75%(2points)

ofnon-hazardousconstructionanddemolitiondebris.Developandimplementaconstructionwastemanagementplanthat,ataminimum,identifiesthematerialstobedivertedfromdisposalandwhetherthematerialswillbesortedon-siteorcomingled.Excavatedsoilandland-clearingdebrisdonotcontributetothiscredit.Calculationscanbedonebyweightorvolumebutmustbeconsistentthroughout.


Establishgoalsfordiversionfromdisposalinlandfillsandincineratorsandadoptaconstructionwastemanage-mentplantoachievethesegoals.Considerrecyclingcardboard,metal,brick,acousticaltile,concrete,plastic,cleanwood,glass,gypsumwallboard,carpet,andinsulation.Designateaspecificarea(s)ontheconstructionsiteforsegregatedorcomingledcollectionofrecyclablematerialsandtrackrecyclingeffortsthroughouttheconstruc-tionprocess.Identifyconstructionhaulersandrecyclerstohandlethedesignatedmaterials.Notethatdiversionmayincludedonationofmaterialstocharitableorganizationsandsalvageofmaterialson-site.


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MR Credits 3.1 & 3.2: Materials Reuse1–2 Points

Intent

Reusebuildingmaterialsandproductsinordertoreducedemandforvirginmaterialsandtoreducewaste,therebyreducingimpactsassociatedwiththeextractionandprocessingofvirginresources.

Requirements

Usesalvaged,refurbishedorreusedmaterialssuchthatthesumofthesematerialsconstitutesatleast

q 5%(1point)

q 10%(2points)

basedoncost,ofthetotalvalueofmaterialsontheproject.

Mechanical,electricalandplumbingcomponentsandspecialtyitemssuchaselevatorsandequipmentshallnotbeincludedinthiscalculation.Onlyincludematerialspermanentlyinstalledintheproject.Furnituremaybeincluded,providingitisincludedconsistentlyinMRCredits3–7.


Identifyopportunitiesto incorporatesalvagedmaterials intobuildingdesignandresearchpotentialmaterialsuppliers.Considersalvagedmaterialssuchasbeamsandposts,flooring,paneling,doorsandframes,cabinetryandfurniture,brickanddecorativeitems.


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MR Credits 4.1 & 4.2: Recycled Content (post-consumer + 1/2 pre-consumer)1–2 Points

Intent

Increasedemandforbuildingproducts that incorporaterecycledcontentmaterials, therebyreducing impactsresultingfromextractionandprocessingofvirginmaterials.

Requirements

Usematerialswithrecycledcontentsuchthatthesumofpost-consumerrecycledcontentplusone-halfofthepre-consumercontentconstitutesatleast

q 10%(1point)

q 20%(2points)

(basedoncost)ofthetotalvalueofthematerialsintheproject.

Therecycledcontentvalueofamaterialassemblyshallbedeterminedbyweight.Therecycledfractionoftheassemblyisthenmultipliedbythecostofassemblytodeterminetherecycledcontentvalue.

Mechanical,electricalandplumbingcomponentsandspecialtyitemssuchaselevatorsshallnotbeincludedinthiscalculation.Onlyincludematerialspermanentlyinstalledintheproject.Furnituremaybeincluded,provid-ingitisincludedconsistentlyinMRCredits3–7.

RecycledcontentshallbedefinedinaccordancewiththeInternationalOrganizationforStandardizationdocu-ment,ISO 14021—Environmental labels and declarations—Self-declared environmental claims (Type II environ-mental labeling).

Post-consumer materialisdefinedaswastematerialgeneratedbyhouseholdsorbycommercial,industrialandinstitutionalfacilitiesintheirroleasend-usersoftheproduct,whichcannolongerbeusedforitsintendedpurpose.

Pre-consumer materialisdefinedasmaterialdivertedfromthewastestreamduringthemanufacturingprocess.Excludedisreutilizationofmaterialssuchasrework,regrindorscrapgeneratedinaprocessandcapableofbeingreclaimedwithinthesameprocessthatgeneratedit.


Establishaprojectgoalforrecycledcontentmaterialsandidentifymaterialsuppliersthatcanachievethisgoal.Duringconstruction,ensurethatthespecifiedrecycledcontentmaterialsareinstalled.Considerarangeofen-vironmental,economicandperformanceattributeswhenselectingproductsandmaterials.


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MR Credits 5.1 & 5.2: Regional Materials Extracted, Processed & Manufactured Regionally1–2 Points

Intent

Increasedemandforbuildingmaterialsandproductsthatareextractedandmanufacturedwithintheregion,thereby supporting theuseof indigenous resources and reducing theenvironmental impacts resulting fromtransportation.

Requirements

Usebuildingmaterialsorproductsthathavebeenextracted,harvestedorrecoveredaswellasmanufacturedwithin500milesoftheprojectsiteforaminimumof

q 10%(basedoncost)ofthetotalmaterialsvalue(1point).

q 20%(basedoncost)ofthetotalmaterialsvalue(2points).

Ifonlyafractionofaproductormaterialisextracted/harvested/recoveredandmanufacturedlocally,thenonlythatpercentage(byweight)shallcontributetotheregionalvalue.

Mechanical,electricalandplumbingcomponentsandspecialtyitemssuchaselevatorsandequipmentshallnotbeincludedinthiscalculation.Onlyincludematerialspermanentlyinstalledintheproject.Furnituremaybeincluded,providingitisincludedconsistentlyinMRCredits3–7.


Establishaprojectgoalforlocallysourcedmaterialsandidentifymaterialsandmaterialsuppliersthatcanachievethisgoal.Duringconstruction,ensurethatthespecifiedlocalmaterialsareinstalledandquantifythetotalper-centageoflocalmaterialsinstalled.Considerarangeofenvironmental,economicandperformanceattributeswhenselectingproductsandmaterials.


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MR Credit 6: Rapidly Renewable Materials1 Point

Intent

Reducetheuseanddepletionoffiniterawmaterialsandlong-cyclerenewablematerialsbyreplacingthemwithrapidlyrenewablematerials.

Requirements

Userapidlyrenewablebuildingmaterialsandproducts(madefromplantsthataretypicallyharvestedwithinaten-yearcycleorshorter)for2.5%ofthetotalvalueofallbuildingmaterialsandproductsusedintheproject,basedoncost.


Establishaprojectgoalforrapidlyrenewablematerialsandidentifyproductsandsuppliersthatcansupportachievementofthisgoal.Considermaterialssuchasbamboo,wool,cottoninsulation,agrifiber,linoleum,wheat-board,strawboardandcork.Duringconstruction,ensurethatthespecifiedrenewablematerialsareinstalled.


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MR Credit 7: Certified Wood1 Point

Intent

Encourageenvironmentallyresponsibleforestmanagement.

Requirements

Useaminimumof50%ofwood-basedmaterialsandproducts,whicharecertifiedinaccordancewiththeFor-estStewardshipCouncil’s(FSC)PrinciplesandCriteria,forwoodbuildingcomponents.Thesecomponentsinclude,butarenotlimitedto,structuralframingandgeneraldimensionalframing,flooring,sub-flooring,wooddoors,andfinishes.

Onlyincludematerialspermanentlyinstalledintheproject.Furnituremaybeincluded,providingitisincludedconsistentlyinMRCredits3–7.


EstablishaprojectgoalforFSC-certifiedwoodproductsandidentifysuppliersthatcanachievethisgoal.Dur-ingconstruction,ensurethattheFSC-certifiedwoodproductsareinstalledandquantifythetotalpercentageofFSC-certifiedwoodproductsinstalled.


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Indoor Environmental QualityEQ Prerequisite 1: Minimum IAQ PerformanceRequired

Intent

Establishminimumindoorairquality(IAQ)performancetoenhanceindoorairqualityinbuildings,thuscon-tributingtothecomfortandwell-beingoftheoccupants.

Requirements

MeettheminimumrequirementsofSections4through7ofASHRAE62.1-2004,VentilationforAcceptableIndoorAirQuality.MechanicalventilationsystemsshallbedesignedusingtheVentilationRateProcedureortheapplicablelocalcode,whicheverismorestringent.

NaturallyventilatedbuildingsshallcomplywithASHRAE62.1-2004,paragraph5.1.


DesignventilationsystemstomeetorexceedtheminimumoutdoorairventilationratesasdescribedintheASHRAEstandard.Balancetheimpactsofventilationratesonenergyuseandindoorairqualitytooptimizeforenergyefficiencyandoccupanthealth.UsetheASHRAE62UsersManualfordetailedguidanceonmeetingthereferencedrequirements.


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EQ Prerequisite 2: Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS) ControlRequired

Intent

Eliminateexposureofbuildingoccupants,indoorsurfacesandventilationairdistributionsystemstoEnviron-mentalTobaccoSmoke(ETS).

Requirements

Prohibitsmokinginthebuildingandlocateanyexteriordesignatedsmokingareasatleast25feetawayfromentries,outdoorairintakesandoperablewindows.


Prohibitsmokinginschools.


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EQ Prerequisite 3: Minimum Acoustical PerformanceRequired

Intent

Provideclassroomsthatarequietandinwhichteacherscanspeaktotheclasswithoutstrainingtheirvoicesandstudentscaneffectivelycommunicatewitheachotherandtheteacher.

Requirements

DesignclassroomsandothercorelearningspacestomeettheReverberationTime(RT)requirementsofANSIStandardS12.60-2002,AcousticalPerformanceCriteria,DesignRequirementsandGuidelinesforSchools.Also,designclassroomsandothercorelearningspacestomeettheSoundTransmissionClass(STC)requirements,exceptingwindows,whichmustmeetanSTCratingofatleast35.

AND

OPTION1

UsingthemethodologydescribedinannexesBthroughDofANSIStandardS12.60-2002,achieveamaximumbackgroundnoiselevelinclassroomsandotherprimarylearningspacesof45dBA.

OR

OPTION2

Designclassroomsandothercorelearningspacesusingthemethodologylistedinthe2003HVACApplicationsASHRAEHandbook,Chapter47onSoundandVibrationControl,andachieveanRC(N)MarkIIlevelof37.


Designconsiderationsincludereducingnoisefromexteriortointeriorspaces,betweenspaceswithinthebuilding,andwithintheclassroomspace.Externaltointernalnoisetransmissioncanbereducedbyorientingclassroomsawayfromexternalnoisesourcesandusingthickand/ormassivematerialsinwallsandroofs.Also,windowsshouldbewellsealedandhaveadequateairgapsbetweensheetsofglass.


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EQ Credit 1: Outdoor Air Delivery Monitoring1 Point

Intent

Providecapacityforventilationsystemmonitoringtohelpsustainoccupantcomfortandwell-being.

Requirements

Installpermanentmonitoringsystemsthatprovidefeedbackonventilationsystemperformancetoensurethatventilationsystemsmaintaindesignminimumventilationrequirements.Configureallmonitoringequipmenttogenerateanalarmwhentheconditionsvaryby10%ormorefromsetpoint,viaeitherabuildingautomationsystemalarmtothebuildingoperatororviaavisualoraudiblealerttothebuildingoccupants.

FORMECHANICALLYVENTILATEDSPACES

q Monitorcarbondioxideconcentrationswithinalldenselyoccupiedspaces(thosewithadesignoccupantdensitygreaterthanorequalto25peopleper1000sq.ft.).CO2monitoringlocationsshallbebetween3feetand6feetabovethefloor.

q Foreachmechanicalventilationsystemservingnon-denselyoccupiedspaces,provideadirectoutdoorairflowmeasurementdevicecapableofmeasuringtheminimumoutdoorairflowratewithanaccuracyofplusorminus15%ofthedesignminimumoutdoorairrate,asdefinedbyASHRAE62.1-2004.

FORNATURALLYVENTILATEDSPACES

MonitorCO2concentrationswithinallnaturallyventilatedspaces.CO2monitoringshallbelocatedwithintheroombetween3feetand6feetabovethefloor.OneCO2sensormaybeusedtorepresentmultiplespacesifthenaturalventilationdesignusespassivestack(s)orothermeanstoinduceairflowthroughthosespacesequallyandsimultaneouslywithoutinterventionbybuildingoccupants.


InstallcarbondioxideandairflowmeasurementequipmentandfeedtheinformationtotheHVACsystemand/orBuildingAutomationSystem(BAS)totriggercorrectiveaction,ifapplicable.Ifsuchautomaticcontrolsarenotfeasiblewiththebuildingsystems,usethemeasurementequipmenttotriggeralarmsthatinformbuildingoperatorsoroccupantsofapossibledeficiencyinoutdoorairdelivery.


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EQ Credit 2: Increased Ventilation1 Point

Intent

Provideadditionaloutdoorairventilationtoimproveindoorairqualityforimprovedoccupantcomfort,well-beingandproductivity.

Requirements

FORMECHANICALLYVENTILATEDSPACES

q Increasebreathingzoneoutdoorairventilationratestoalloccupiedspacesbyatleast30%abovetheminimumratesrequiredbyASHRAEStandard62.1-2004,asdeterminedbyEQPrerequisite1.

FORNATURALLYVENTILATEDSPACES

DesignnaturalventilationsystemsforoccupiedspacestomeettherecommendationssetforthintheCarbonTrustGoodPracticeGuide237[1998].DeterminethatnaturalventilationisaneffectivestrategyfortheprojectbyfollowingtheflowdiagramprocessshowninFigure1.18oftheCharteredInstitutionofBuildingServicesEngineers(CIBSE)ApplicationsManual10:2005,Naturalventilationinnon-domesticbuildings.

AND

q Usediagramsandcalculationstoshowthatthedesignofthenaturalventilationsystemsmeetstherecom-mendations set forth in theCIBSEApplicationsManual10:2005,Naturalventilation innon-domesticbuildings.

OR

q Useamacroscopic,multi-zone,analyticmodeltopredictthatroom-by-roomairflowswilleffectivelynaturallyventilate,definedasprovidingtheminimumventilationratesrequiredbyASHRAE62.1-2004,Chapter6,foratleast90%ofoccupiedspaces.


Formechanicallyventilatedspaces:useheat recovery,whereappropriate, tominimize theadditionalenergyconsumptionassociatedwithhigherventilationrates.

Fornaturallyventilatedspaces,followtheeightdesignstepsdescribedintheCarbonTrustGoodPracticeGuide237:1)Developdesignrequirements,2)Planairflowpaths,3)Identifybuildingusesandfeaturesthatmightrequirespecialattention,4)Determineventilationrequirements,5)Estimateexternaldrivingpressures,6)Selecttypesofventilationdevices,7)Sizeventilationdevices,8)Analyzethedesign.

UsepublicdomainsoftwaresuchasNIST’sCONTAM,MultizoneModelingSoftware,alongwithLoopDA,NaturalVentilationSizingTool,toanalyticallypredictroom-by-roomairflows.


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EQ Credit 3.1: Construction IAQ Management Plan During Construction1 Point

Intent

Reduceindoorairqualityproblemsresultingfromtheconstruction/renovationprocessinordertohelpsustainthecomfortandwell-beingofconstructionworkersandbuildingoccupants.

Requirements

DevelopandimplementanIndoorAirQuality(IAQ)ManagementPlanfortheconstructionandpre-occupancyphasesofthebuildingasfollows:

q DuringconstructionmeetorexceedtherecommendedControlMeasuresoftheSheetMetalandAirCon-ditioning Contractors National Association (SMACNA) IAQ Guidelines for Occupied Buildings underConstruction,1995,Chapter3.

q Protectstoredon-siteorinstalledabsorptivematerialsfrommoisturedamage.

q Ifpermanentlyinstalledairhandlersareusedduringconstruction,filtrationmediawithaMinimumEfficiencyReportingValue(MERV)of8shallbeusedateachreturnairgrille,asdeterminedbyASHRAE52.2-1999.Replaceallfiltrationmediaimmediatelypriortooccupancy.

q Prohibitsmokinginsidethebuildingandwithin25feetofbuildingentrancesoncethebuildingisclosed.


AdoptanIAQmanagementplantoprotecttheHVACsystemduringconstruction,controlpollutantsourcesandinterruptcontaminationpathways.Sequencetheinstallationofmaterialstoavoidcontaminationofabsorptivematerialssuchasinsulation,carpeting,ceilingtileandgypsumwallboard.CoordinatewithEQCredits3.2and5todeterminetheappropriatespecificationsandschedulesforfiltrationmedia.

Itishighlyrecommendedtoavoidusingpermanentlyinstalledairhandlersfortemporaryheating/coolingdur-ingconstruction.


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EQ Credit 3.2: Construction IAQ Management Plan Before Occupancy1 Point

Intent

Reduceindoorairqualityproblemsresultingfromtheconstruction/renovationprocessinordertohelpsustainthecomfortandwell-beingofconstructionworkersandbuildingoccupants.

Requirements

DevelopandimplementanIndoorAirQuality(IAQ)ManagementPlanforthepre-occupancyphaseasfol-lows:

OPTION1—FLUSH-OUT

q Afterconstructionends,priortooccupancyandwithallinteriorfinishesinstalled,performabuildingflush-outbysupplyingatotalairvolumeof14,000cu.ft.ofoutdoorairpersq.ft.offloorareawhilemaintaininganinternaltemperatureofatleast60ºFandrelativehumiditynohigherthan60%.

OR

q Ifoccupancyisdesiredpriortocompletionoftheflush-out,thespacemaybeoccupiedfollowingdeliveryofaminimumof3,500cu.ft.ofoutdoorairpersq.ft.offloorareatothespace.Onceaspaceisoccupied,itshallbeventilatedataminimumrateof0.30cfm/sq.ft.ofoutsideairorthedesignminimumoutsideairratedeterminedinEQPrerequisite1,whicheverisgreater.Duringeachdayoftheflush-outperiod,ventilationshallbeginaminimumofthreehourspriortooccupancyandcontinueduringoccupancy.Theseconditionsshallbemaintaineduntilatotalof14,000cu.ft./sq.ft.ofoutsideairhasbeendeliveredtothespace.

OR

OPTION2—AIRQUALITYTESTING

q ConductbaselineIAQtesting,afterconstructionendsandpriortooccupancy,usingtestingprotocolsconsistentwiththeUnitedStatesEnvironmentalProtectionAgencyCompendiumofMethodsfortheDeterminationofAirPollutantsinIndoorAirandasadditionallydetailedintheLEEDforSchoolsReferenceGuide.

q Demonstratethatthecontaminantmaximumconcentrationslistedbelowarenotexceeded.

q Foreachsamplingpointwherethemaximumconcentrationlimitsareexceeded,conductadditionalflush-outwithoutsideairandretestthespecificparameter(s)exceededtoindicatetherequirementsareachieved.Repeatprocedureuntilallrequirementshavebeenmet.Whenretestingnon-complyingbuildingareas,takesamplesfromthesamelocationsasinthefirsttest.

Contaminant Maximum Concentration

Formaldehyde 50 parts per billionParticulates (PM10) 50 micrograms per cubic meterTotal Volatile Organic Compounds (TVOC) 500 micrograms per cubic meter* 4-Phenylcyclohexene (4-PCH) 6.5 micrograms per cubic meterCarbon Monoxide (CO) 9 parts per million and no greater than 2 parts per million above outdoor levels

* This test is only required if carpets and fabrics with styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) latex backing material are installed as part of the base building systems.


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q Theairsampletestingshallbeconductedasfollows:

1) Allmeasurementsshallbeconductedpriortooccupancy,butduringnormaloccupiedhoursandwiththebuildingventilationsystemnormaldailystarttime,andoperatedattheminimumoutsideairflowratefortheoccupiedmodethroughoutthedurationoftheairtesting.

2) Thebuildingshallhaveallinteriorfinishesinstalled,includingbutnotlimitedtomillwork,doors,paint,carpetandacoustictiles.Non-fixedfurnishings,suchasworkstationsandpartitionsareencouraged,butnotrequired,tobeinplaceforthetesting.

3) Thenumberofsamplinglocationswillvarydependinguponthesizeofthebuildingandnumberofven-tilationsystems.Foreachportionofthebuildingservedbyaseparateventilationsystem,thenumberofsamplingpointsshallnotbelessthanoneper25,000sq.ft.,orforeachcontiguousfloorarea,whicheverislarger,andincludeareaswiththeleastventilationandgreatestpresumedsourcestrength.

4) Airsamplesshallbecollectedbetween3feetand6feetfromthefloortorepresentthebreathingzoneofoccupantsandoveraminimum4-hourperiod.


Priortooccupancy,performabuildingflush-outortesttheaircontaminantlevelsinthebuilding.Theflush-outisoftenusedwhereoccupancyisnotrequiredimmediatelyuponsubstantialcompletionofconstruction.IAQtestingcanminimizescheduleimpactsbutmaybemorecostly.CoordinatewithEQCredits3.1and5todeterminetheappropriatespecificationsandschedulesforfiltrationmedia.


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EQ Credit 4: Low-Emitting Materials1–4 Points

Intent

Reducethequantityofindooraircontaminantsthatareodorous,irritatingand/orharmfultothecomfortandwell-beingofinstallersandoccupants.

Requirements

Projectsmaychooseanyofthefollowingoptions,withamaximumof4points.

OPTION1—ADHESIVES&SEALANTS(1point)

Alladhesivesandsealants installedinthebuildinginterior(definedas insideoftheweatherproofingsystemandappliedon-site)shallmeetthetestingandproductrequirementsoftheCaliforniaDepartmentofHealthServicesStandard Practice for The Testing Of Volatile Organic Emissions From Various Sources Using Small-Scale Environmental Chambers,including2004Addenda.

OPTION2—PAINTS&COATINGS(1point)

AllpaintsandcoatingsinstalledinthebuildinginteriorshallmeetthetestingandproductrequirementsoftheCaliforniaDepartmentofHealthServicesStandard Practice for The Testing Of Volatile Organic Emissions From Various Sources Using Small-Scale Environmental Chambers,including2004Addenda.

OPTION3—FLOORINGSYSTEMS(1point)

AllflooringelementsinstalledinthebuildinginteriorshallmeetthetestingandproductrequirementsoftheCaliforniaDepartmentofHealthServicesStandard Practice for The Testing Of Volatile Organic Emissions From Various Sources Using Small-Scale Environmental Chambers,including2004Addenda.

OPTION4—COMPOSITEWOOD&AGRIFIBERPRODUCTS(1point)

AllcompositewoodandagrifiberproductsinstalledinthebuildinginteriorshallmeetthetestingandproductrequirementsoftheCaliforniaDepartmentofHealthServicesStandard Practice for The Testing Of Volatile Organic Emissions From Various Sources Using Small-Scale Environmental Chambers,including2004Addenda.

OPTION5—FURNITURE&FURNISHINGS(1point)

Classroomfurnitureincludingallstudentandteacherdesks,tablesandseatsintroducedintotheprojectspacethathasbeenmanufactured,refurbishedorrefinishedwithinoneyearpriortooccupancymustmeetoneoftherequirementsbelow.Salvagedandusedfurniturethatismorethanoneyearoldatthetimeofoccupancyisexcludedfromthecreditrequirements.

MethodA:GREENGUARD™Children&SchoolsCertifiedSM

OR

MethodB:CalculatedindoorairconcentrationsthatarelessthanorequaltothoseestablishedinTable 1forfurnituresystemsandseatingdeterminedbyaprocedurebasedontheU.S.EnvironmentalProtectionAgency’sEnvironmentalTechnologyVerification(ETV)LargeChamberTestProtocolforMeasuringEmissionsofVOCsandAldehydes(September1999)testingprotocolconductedinanindependentairqualitytestinglaboratory.

OR


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Chemical Contaminant Emission Limits Emission Limits Systems Furniture Seating

TVOC 0.5 mg/m3 0.25 mg/m3Formaldehyde 50 parts per billion 25 parts per billionTotal Aldehydes 100 parts per billion 50 parts per billion4 – Phenylcyclohexene (4-PCH) 0.0065 mg/m3 0.00325 mg/m3

Table 1: Indoor Air Concentrations

MethodC:CalculatedindoorairconcentrationsthatarelessthanorequaltothoseestablishedinTable1forfurnituresystemsandseatingdeterminedbyaprocedurebasedonBIFMAM7.1-2005andX7.1-2005testingprotocolconductedinanindependentthirdpartyairqualitytestinglaboratory.

OPTION6—CEILINGANDWALLSYSTEMS(1point)

Allgypsumboard,insulation,acousticalceilingsystemsandwallcoveringsinstalledinthebuildinginteriorshallmeetthetestingandproductrequirementsoftheCaliforniaDepartmentofHealthServicesStandard Practice for The Testing Of Volatile Organic Emissions From Various Sources Using Small-Scale Environmental Chambers,including2004Addenda.


Clearly specify requirements for product testing and/or certification in the construction documents. SomeprogramsthatofferverificationofthecitedstandardforOptions1–4and6areIndoorAdvantage™Gold,GREENGUARD™Children&SchoolsSM,theResilientFloorCoveringInstitute’sFloorScore™program,theCarpetandRugInstitute’sGreenLabelPlus™programandtheCollaborativeforHighPerformanceSchoolsproductlist.IndoorAdvantageGoldoffersverificationoftheBIFMAstandardcitedinOptionCoftheFur-nitureOption.


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EQ Credit 5: Indoor Chemical & Pollutant Source Control1 Point

Intent

Minimizeexposureofbuildingoccupantstopotentiallyhazardousparticulatesandchemicalpollutants.

Requirements

Designtominimizeandcontrolpollutantentryintobuildingsandlatercross-contaminationofregularlyoc-cupiedareas:

q Employpermanententrywaysystemsatleastsixfeetlongintheprimarydirectionoftraveltocapturedirtandparticulates fromentering thebuildingatall entryways thataredirectlyconnected to theoutdoors.Acceptableentrywaysystemsincludepermanentlyinstalledgrates,grillesorslottedsystemsthatallowforcleaningunderneath.Roll-outmatsareonlyacceptablewhenmaintainedonaweeklybasisbyacontractedserviceorganizationorschoolmaintenancestaff.Qualifyingentrywaysarethosethatserveasregularentrypointsforbuildingusers.

q Wherehazardousgasesorchemicalsmaybepresentorused(includinggarages,housekeeping/laundryar-eas,sciencelaboratories,preprooms,artrooms,shopsofanykindandcopying/printingrooms),exhausteachspacesufficientlytocreatenegativepressurewithrespecttoadjacentspaceswiththedoorstotheroomclosed.Foreachofthesespaces,provideself-closingdoorsanddeck-to-deckpartitionsorahardlidceiling.Theexhaustrateshallbeatleast0.50cfm/sq.ft.,withnoairre-circulation.Thepressuredifferentialwiththesurroundingspacesshallbeatleast5Pa(0.02inchesofwatergauge)onaverageand1Pa(0.004inchesofwater)ataminimumwhenthedoorstotheroomsareclosed.

q Inmechanicallyventilatedbuildings,provideregularlyoccupiedareasofthebuildingwithairfiltrationmediapriortooccupancythatprovidesaMinimumEfficiencyReportingValue(MERV)of13orbetter.Filtrationshouldbeappliedtoprocessbothreturnandoutsideairthatistobedeliveredassupplyair.

q Providecontainmentdrainsplumbedforappropriatedisposalofhazardous liquidwastes inplaceswherewaterandchemicalconcentratemixingoccursforlaboratorypurposes.


Design facilitycleaningandmaintenanceareaswith isolatedexhaust systems forcontaminants.Maintainphysicalisolationfromtherestoftheregularlyoccupiedareasofthebuilding.Installpermanentarchitecturalentrywaysystemssuchasgrillesorgratestopreventoccupant-bornecontaminantsfromenteringthebuilding.Installhigh-levelfiltrationsystemsinairhandlingunitsprocessingbothreturnairandoutsidesupplyair.Ensurethatairhandlingunitscanaccommodaterequiredfiltersizesandpressuredrops.


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EQ Credit 6.1: Lighting System Design & Controllability 1 Point

Intent

Provideahighleveloflightingsystemcontrolbyindividualoccupantsorbyspecificgroupsinmulti-occupantspaces(i.e.,classroomsorconferenceareas)topromotetheproductivity,comfortandwell-beingofbuildingoccupants.

Requirements

FORADMINISTRATIVEOFFICESANDOTHERREGULARLYOCCUPIEDSPACES

Provideindividuallightingcontrolsfor90%(minimum)ofthebuildingoccupantsinworkspacestoenableadjustmentstosuitindividualtaskneedsandpreferences.

AND

FORCLASSROOMSANDCORELEARNINGSPACES,withtheexceptionofchemistrylaboratories,artrooms,shops,musicrooms,anddance/exercisestudios:

Provideaclassroomlightingsystemthatoperatesintwomodes:generalilluminationandA/V.

q Ingeneralilluminationmode,achieveanaverageilluminationatthedesklevelof35to50footcandleswithaminimumof25footcandlesatanypointmorethan3feetfromanywall.

q InA/Vmode,notincludingcontributionfromtheteachingwalllight,achieveanaverageilluminationatthedesklevelofbetween10and20footcandlesforanypointintheroomgreaterthan3feetfromthesidewalls,10feetfromthefrontwalland6feetfromthebackwall,whilelimitingverticalilluminationontheprojectionscreentonomorethan7footcandlesatanypointonthescreen.


Designthebuildingwithoccupantcontrolsforlighting.Strategiestoconsiderincludelightingcontrolsandtasklighting.Integratelightingsystemscontrollabilityintotheoveralllightingdesign,providingambientandtasklightingwhilemanagingtheoverallenergyuseofthebuilding.


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EQ Credit 6.2: Thermal Comfort Controllability1 Point

Intent

Provideahighlevelofthermalcomfortsystemcontrolbyindividualoccupantsorbyspecificgroupsinmulti-occupantspaces(i.e.,classroomsorconferenceareas)topromotetheproductivity,comfortandwell-beingofbuildingoccupants.

Requirements

Provideindividualcomfortcontrolsfor50%(minimum)ofthebuildingoccupantsinworkspacestoenableadjustmentstosuitindividualtaskneedsandpreferences.Operablewindowscanbeusedinlieuofcomfortcontrolsforoccupantsofareasthatare20feetinsideofand10feettoeithersideoftheoperablepartofthewindow.TheareasofoperablewindowmustmeettherequirementsofASHRAE62.1-2004,paragraph5.1,NaturalVentilation.

AND

Providecomfortsystemcontrolsforallsharedmulti-occupantspacestoenableadjustmentstosuitgroupneedsandpreferences.

ConditionsforthermalcomfortaredescribedinASHRAEStandard55-2004toincludetheprimaryfactorsofairtemperature,radianttemperature,airspeedandhumidity.Comfortsystemcontrol,forthepurposesofthiscredit,isdefinedastheprovisionofcontroloveratleastoneoftheseprimaryfactorsintheoccupant’slocalenvironment.


Designthebuildingandsystemswithcomfortcontrolstoallowadjustmentstosuitindividualneedsorthoseofgroupsinsharedspaces.ASHRAEStandard55-2004identifiesthefactorsofthermalcomfortandaprocessfordevelopingcomfortcriteriaforbuildingspacesthatsuittheneedsoftheoccupantsinvolvedintheirdailyactivities.Controlstrategiescanbedevelopedtoexpandonthecomfortcriteriatoallowadjustmentstosuitindividualneedsandpreferences.Thesemayinvolvesystemdesignsincorporatingoperablewindows,hybridsystemsintegratingoperablewindowsandmechanicalsystemsormechanicalsystemsalone.Individualadjust-mentsmayinvolveindividualthermostatcontrols,localdiffusersatfloor,deskoroverheadlevels,orcontrolofindividualradiantpanelsorothermeansintegratedintotheoverallbuilding,thermalcomfortsystems,andenergysystemsdesign.Inaddition,designersshouldevaluatethecloselytiedinteractionsbetweenthermalcomfort(asrequiredbyASHRAEStandard55-2004)andacceptableindoorairquality(asrequiredbyASHRAEStandard62.1-2004,whethernaturalormechanicalventilation).


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EQ Credit 7.1: Thermal Comfort Design1 Point

Intent

Provideacomfortablethermalenvironmentthatsupportstheproductivityandwell-beingofbuildingoccu-pants.

Requirements

DesignHVACsystemsandthebuildingenvelopetomeettherequirementsofASHRAEStandard55-2004,ThermalEnvironmentalConditions forHumanOccupancy.Demonstratedesigncompliance inaccordancewiththeSection6.1.1Documentation.

Fornatatoriums,demonstratecompliancewiththe“TypicalNatatoriumDesignConditions”definedinChapter4(PlacesofAssembly)oftheASHRAEHVACApplicationsHandbook,2003edition.


EstablishcomfortcriteriaperASHRAEStandard55-2004thatsupportthedesiredqualityandoccupantsatisfac-tionwithbuildingperformance.Ingymnasiums,ifmechanicalventilationisnotused,followASHRAEStandard55-2004requirementsfornaturallyventilatedspaces.Designbuildingenvelopeandsystemswiththecapabilitytodeliverperformancetothecomfortcriteriaunderexpectedenvironmentalanduseconditions.Evaluateairtemperature,radianttemperature,airspeedandrelativehumidityinanintegratedfashionandcoordinatethesecriteriawithEQPrerequisite1,EQCredit1andEQCredit2.


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EQ Credit 7.2: Thermal Comfort Verification1 Point

Intent

Providefortheassessmentofbuildingthermalcomfortovertime.

Requirements

Agreetoimplementathermalcomfortsurveyofbuildingoccupants(alladultsandstudentsofgrades6andabove)withinaperiodofsixto18monthsafteroccupancy.Thissurveyshouldcollectanonymousresponsesaboutthermalcomfortinthebuildingincludinganassessmentofoverallsatisfactionwiththermalperformanceand identificationof thermalcomfort-relatedproblems.Agree todevelopaplan forcorrectiveaction if thesurveyresultsindicatethatmorethan20%ofoccupantsaredissatisfiedwiththermalcomfortinthebuilding.ThisplanshouldincludemeasurementofrelevantenvironmentalvariablesinproblemareasinaccordancewithASHRAEStandard55-2004.


ASHRAEStandard55-2004providesguidanceforestablishingthermalcomfortcriteriaandthedocumenta-tionandvalidationofbuildingperformancetothecriteria.Whilethestandardisnotintendedforpurposesofcontinuousmonitoringandmaintenanceofthethermalenvironment,theprinciplesexpressedinthestandardprovideabasisfordesignofmonitoringandcorrectiveactionsystems.


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EQ Credit 8.1: Daylight and Views Daylighting1–3 Points

Intent

Provideforthebuildingoccupantsaconnectionbetweenindoorspacesandtheoutdoorsthroughtheintroduc-tionofdaylightandviewsintotheregularlyoccupiedareasofthebuilding.

Requirements

Throughoneofthethreeoptionalmethodologies,achievedaylightinginthefollowing:

q 75%ofallclassroomandcorelearningspaces(1point),or

q 90%ofallclassroomandcorelearningspaces(2points),or

q 75%ofallotherregularlyoccupiedspaces(1additionalpoint).Projectteamscanonlyachieveapointfortheseotherspacesiftheyhavealsoachievedatleastonepointforclassroomspaces.

OPTION1—CALCULATION

Achieveaminimumglazingfactorof2%.Theglazingfactoriscalculatedasfollows:

OPTION2—SIMULATION

Demonstrate,throughcomputersimulation,thataminimumdaylightilluminationlevelof25footcandleshasbeenachieved.Modelingmustdemonstrate25horizontalfootcandlesunderclearskyconditions,atnoon,ontheequinox,at30inchesabovethefloor.

OPTION3—MEASUREMENT

Demonstrate,throughrecordsofindoorlightmeasurements,thataminimumdaylightilluminationlevelof25footcandleshasbeenachieved.Measurementsmustbetakenona10-footgridforalloccupiedspacesandmustberecordedonbuildingfloorplans.

Inallcases,onlythesquarefootageassociatedwiththeportionsofroomsorspacesmeetingtheminimumil-luminationrequirementscanbeappliedtowardsthecalculationrequiredtoqualifyforthiscredit.

Inallcases,providedaylightredirectionand/orglarecontroldevicestoavoidhigh-contrastsituationsthatcouldimpedevisualtasks.Exceptionsforareaswheretaskswouldbehinderedbytheuseofdaylightwillbeconsideredontheirmerits.


Designthebuildingtomaximizeinteriordaylighting.Strategiestoconsiderincludebuildingorientation,shallowfloorplates,increasedbuildingperimeter,exteriorandinteriorpermanentshadingdevices,highperformanceglazingandautomaticphotocell-basedcontrols.

Window Area

Glazing [SF] Window Actual Tvis Window Factor Floor Area Geometry Minimum Height [SF] Factor Tvis Factor

= x x x


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EQ Credit 8.2: Daylight & Views Views for 90% of Spaces1 Point

Intent

Provideforthebuildingoccupantsaconnectionbetweenindoorspacesandtheoutdoorsthroughtheintroduc-tionofdaylightandviewsintothebuilding.

Requirements

Achievedirectlineofsighttotheoutdoorenvironmentviavisionglazingbetween2’6”and7’6”abovefinishfloorforbuildingoccupantsin90%ofallregularlyoccupiedareas.Determinetheareawithdirectlineofsightbytotalingtheregularlyoccupiedsquarefootagethatmeetsthefollowingcriteria:

q Inplanview,theareaiswithinsightlinesdrawnfromperimetervisionglazing.

q Insectionview,adirectsightlinecanbedrawnfromtheareatoperimetervisionglazing.

Lineofsightmaybedrawnthroughinteriorglazing.Forprivateoffices,theentiresquarefootageoftheofficecanbecountedif75%ormoreoftheareahasdirectlineofsighttoperimetervisionglazing.Forclassroomsandothermulti-occupantspaces,theactualsquarefootagewithdirectlineofsighttoperimetervisionglazingiscounted.


Designthespacetomaximizedaylightingandviewopportunities.Strategiestoconsiderincludelowerpartitionheights,interiorshadingdevices,interiorglazingandautomaticphotocell-basedcontrols.


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EQ Credit 9: Enhanced Acoustical Performance1–2 Points

Intent

Provideclassroomsthatfacilitatebetterteacher-to-studentandstudent-to-studentcommunications.

Requirements

DesignclassroomsandothercorelearningspacestomeettheReverberationTime(RT)andImpactInsulationClass(IIC)requirementsofANSIStandardS12.60-2002,AcousticalPerformanceCriteria,DesignRequirementsandGuidelinesforSchools.AlsodesignclassroomsandothercorelearningspacestomeettheSoundTransmis-sionClass(STC)requirements,exceptingwindows,whichmustmeetanSTCratingofatleast35.

AND

OPTION1

UsingthemethodologydescribedinStandardS12.60-2002,achieveamaximumunoccupiedbackgroundnoiselevelinclassroomsandotherprimarylearningspacesof:

40dBA(1Point)

35dBA(2Points)

OPTION2

Designclassroomsandothercorelearningspacesusingthemethodologylistedinthe2003HVACApplicationsASHRAEHandbook,Chapter47onSoundandVibrationControl,andachieveanRClevelof:

32(1Point)

27(2Points)


Designconsiderationsincludereducingnoisefromexteriortointeriorspacesbetweenspaceswithinthebuildingandwithintheclassroomspace.Externaltointernalnoisetransmissioncanbereducedbyorientingclassroomsawayfromexternalnoisesourcesandusingthickand/ormassivematerialsinwallsandroofs.Also,windowsshouldbewellsealedandhaveadequateairgapsbetweensheetsofglass.SeeEQPrerequisite3formorepotentialtechnologiesandstrategies.


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EQ Credit 10: Mold Prevention1 Point

Intent

Reducethepotentialpresenceofmoldinschoolsthroughpreventivedesignandconstructionmeasures.

Requirements

Projectteamsmustachievethefollowingcredits:

1. EQCredit3.1:ConstructionIAQManagementPlan:DuringConstruction

2. EQCredit7.1:ThermalComfort:Design

3. EQCredit7.2:ThermalComfort:Verification

AND

ProvideHVACsystemsandcontrolsdesignedtolimitspacerelativehumidityto60%orlessduringallloadconditions,bothoccupiedandunoccupied.

AND

DevelopandimplementonanongoingbasisanIAQmanagementprogramforbuildingsbasedontheEPAdocument“BuildingAirQuality:AGuideforBuildingOwnersandFacilityManagers,”EPAReferenceNumber402-F-91-102,December,1991.


AcompleteguidetopreventingmoldandreducingtheprobabilityofitrecurringcanbefoundintheHumidityControlDesignGuideforCommercialandInstitutionalBuildings,availablefromASHRAE.TheGREEN-GUARDEnvironmentalInstituteoffersitsGREENGUARDMoldProtectionProgram™.EPADesignToolsforSchoolsoffersaprogramforpreventingmoldduringthedesignandconstructionphasesofyourschoolproject.Thesedocumentscontainacomprehensiveoverviewoftheprinciplesandpracticesstatedhereandserveasvaluableresourcesinconstructingcommissioningplansandoperationandmaintenanceguides.

Projectteamsshouldbeawareofpotentialdifferencesinconstructionifportableclassroomsandmodularclass-roomunitsarebeingused.


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Innovation & Design Process

Intent

ToprovidedesignteamsandprojectstheopportunitytobeawardedpointsforexceptionalperformanceabovetherequirementssetbytheLEEDforSchoolsGreenBuildingRatingSystemand/orinnovativeperformanceinGreenBuildingcategoriesnotspecificallyaddressedbytheLEEDforSchoolsGreenBuildingRatingSystem.

Requirements

Credit1.1(1point) Inwriting, identifytheintentoftheproposedinnovationcredit,theproposedrequire-mentforcompliance,theproposedsubmittalstodemonstratecomplianceandthedesignapproach(strategies)thatmightbeusedtomeettherequirements.

Credit1.2(1point) SameasCredit1.1




SubstantiallyexceedaLEEDforSchoolsperformancecreditsuchasenergyperformanceorwaterefficiency.Applystrategiesormeasuresthatdemonstrateacomprehensiveapproachandquantifiableenvironmentand/orhealthbenefits.

ID Credits 1.1–1.4: Innovation in Design1–4 Points


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ID Credit 1 Option: Low Impact Cleaning and Maintenance Equipment Policy1 Point

Intent

Reduceexposureofbuildingoccupantsandmaintenancepersonneltopotentiallyhazardouschemical,biologicalandparticlecontaminants.

Requirements

Implementapolicyfortheuseofjanitorialequipmentthatmaximizeseffectivereductionofbuildingcontami-nantswithminimumenvironmentalimpact.Cleaningequipmentpolicyneedstospecifythefollowing:

q VacuumCleanersmeetCarpet&RugCleanersGreenLabelandarecapableofcapturing96%ofparticulates0.3micronsinsizeandoperatewithasoundleveloflessthan70dBA.

q Hotwaterextractionequipmentfordeepcleaningcarpetsarecapableofremovingsufficientmoisturesuchthatcarpetscandryinlessthan24hours.

q Poweredmaintenanceequipment,includingfloorbuffers,burnishersandautomaticscrubbersisequippedwithvacuums,guardsand/orotherdevicesforcapturingfineparticulatesandshalloperatewithsoundlevelsoflessthan70dBA.

q Propanepoweredequipmenthashigh-efficiency,low-emissionsengines.

q Automatedscrubbingmachinesareequippedwithvariable-speedfeedpumpstooptimizetheuseofcleaningfluids.

q Where appropriate, activemicrofiber technology is used to reduce cleaning chemical consumption andprolonglifeofdisposablescrubbingpads.

q Leafblowersandlawnmowersoperatewithelectricalpoweronlyandasoundleveloflessthan70dBA.

Potential Technologies and Strategies

Develop,implementandmaintainapolicyfortheuseofjanitorialequipmentthatmaximizeseffectivereductionofbuildingcontaminantswithminimumenvironmentalimpact.

ThiscreditcomplementsaGreenHousekeepingInnovationCreditasoutlinedinCIRfrom4/8/04,“Environ-mentallyPreferableCleaningProductsandPractices,”foroverallGreenUpkeepofthenewschoolbuilding.Itisbesttohaveinplaceatopeningofschoolalow-impactenvironmentalcleaningproductsandhousekeepingpolicy thataddresses sustainablecleaning,hardflooringcoatingsystemsandproductsandtheutilizationofconcentratedcleaningproducts.Floorproductsthatarefreeofzincarepreferred.


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ID Credit 2: LEED Accredited Professional1 Point

Intent

TosupportandencouragethedesignintegrationrequiredbyaLEEDgreenbuildingprojectandtostreamlinetheapplicationandcertificationprocess.

Requirements

AtleastoneprincipalparticipantoftheprojectteamshallbeaLEEDAccreditedProfessional(AP).


EducatetheprojectteammembersaboutgreenbuildingdesignandconstructionandapplicationoftheLEEDRatingSystemearlyinthelifeoftheproject.ConsiderassigningtheLEEDAPasafacilitatorofanintegrateddesign&constructionprocess.


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ID Credit 3: The School as a Teaching Tool1 Point

Intent

Integratethesustainablefeaturesofaschoolfacilitywiththeschool’seducationalmission.

Requirements

Designcurriculumbasedonthehighperformancefeaturesofthebuilding,andcommittoimplementingthecurriculumwithin10monthsofLEEDcertification.Thecurriculumshouldnotjustdescribethefeaturesthem-selves,butexploretherelationshipbetweenhumanecology,naturalecologyandthebuilding.Curriculummustmeetlocalorstatecurriculumstandards,beapprovedbyschooladministratorsandprovide10ormorehoursofclassroominstructionperyear,perfull-timestudent.


Itishighlyrecommendedthatprojectteamscoordinatecloselywithschooladministrationandfacultywherepos-sible,toencourageongoingrelationshipsbetweenhigh-performancefeaturesoftheschoolandthestudents.

Forcurriculumdevelopment,engagetheschoolinaprogramthatintegratestheschoolbuildingwiththecur-riculumintheschool.ConsidertheNationalEnergyEducationDevelopment(NEED)Project,theAlliancetoSaveEnergy’sGreenSchoolsProgram,andNationalEnergyFoundationeducationalresources.AcollectionofenergyeducationresourcescanalsobefoundattheEnergyInformationAgency’swebsiteat:www.eia.doe.gov/kids/onlineresources.html.