lesley u. copyright & digital cit. presentation

Copyright,Fair Use and Plagiarism in the Digital Age

Uploaded on January 18, 2007by Dj tronick

Uploaded on October 19, 2008by screenpunk

Uploaded on May 7, 2007by jonsson

✤ Promising to various parties interested in the remix of art, text, and music, films, and web pages.

✤ Potentially harmful to various parties when art, text, music, films, and web pages are exploited.

Saturday, July 10, 2010

✤The U.S. Congress first exercised its power to enact copyright legislation with the Copyright Act of 1790.

✤The authority to establish Copyright Law comes from the U.S. Constitution, Article 1, Section 8.

✤In 2002, the United States revised and adapted exemptions for educational use of works to accommodate new "distance learning" technologies that allow teachers to reach students via communications networks like the Internet.

✤There has been and will continue to be a continual and successful adaptation of copyright law.


✤Digital Storage

✤Digital Transmission of digital work

✤Fair Use

Three Big Issues

Uploaded on September 24, 2008 by miss karen

Uploaded on November 13, 2006 by grytr

Uploaded on September 21, 2009 by nsaplayer


Ease of Reproduction

Uploaded on December 19, 2008by Tiagø Ribeiro

Easy Perfect copies

Uploaded on June 14, 2008by ddsnet

Editable

Uploaded on August 24, 2005by bunchofpants

Uploaded on April 6, 2008by Jake Wasdin

Inexpensive


Ease of Dissemination

Global digital networks allow the rapid, worldwide dissemination of works in digital form.

✤ allow dissemination to many individuals from a single point

✤ allow for things to “go viral”


Ease of Storage

Ever-increasing quantities of material can be stored in a smaller and smaller amount of space.

✤ early 1990‘s CDs stored over 600 megabytes of data

✤ portable music player can store nearly 70 times that amount (around 10,000 songs) in a device the size of a cigarette pack

Uploaded on September 3, 2006by Johny hanging head down from

the tree

Uploaded on June 21, 2007by suesviews


✤Not well understood before DA.

✤Not well understood in the DA.

✤There are only guidelines for FairUse.

Fair Use

Uploaded on February 22, 2006by David M*


Fair Use? What is it?

✤ Fair use is the right, in some circumstances, to quote copyrighted material without asking permission or paying for it. Fair use enables the creation of new culture, and keeps current copyright holders from being private censors.

✤ Fair use is a user’s right.


Fair Use 101


Fair Use 101

✤Teaching


Fair Use 101

✤Teaching

✤ Scholarship


Fair Use 101

✤Research

✤Teaching

✤ Scholarship


Fair Use 101

✤Research

✤Teaching

✤ Scholarship

✤ Criticism


Fair Use 101

✤Research

✤Teaching

✤ Scholarship

✤ Criticism

✤ Parody


Fair Use 101

✤Research

✤Teaching

✤ Comment

✤ Scholarship

✤ Criticism

✤ Parody


Fair Use 101

✤Research

✤Teaching

✤ Comment

✤ Scholarship

✤ Criticism

✤ Parody

✤News Reporting


Fair Use 101

✤Research

✤Teaching

✤ Comment

✤ Scholarship

✤ Criticism

✤ Parody

✤News Reporting

✤Nonprofit Educational Institution


Fair Use 101

✤Research

✤Teaching

✤ Comment

✤ Scholarship

✤ Criticism

✤ Parody

✤News Reporting


•Restricted Access (Available only to students or other appropriate groups)


Fair Use 101

✤Research

✤Teaching

✤ Comment

✤ Scholarship

✤ Criticism

✤ Parody

✤News Reporting


•Restricted Access (Available only to students or other appropriate groups)

•Transformative or Productive Use (Changes the work for new utility; adds value to the work; or does not diminishthe market)


Why so important?

✤ As copyright laws have changed protecting more works for longer periods than ever before

✤ Creators face new challenges: licenses to incorporate copyrighted sources become more expensive and more difficult to obtain—and sometimes are simply unavailable.

✤ Fair use is more important today than ever before.


Example of Correct Fair Use

✤ Make a hard copy a news article for every student in the class.

• time

• pertinent to the class objectives

✤ Make a digital copy of a news article and post on the closed content management system where students must login

✤time

✤pertinent to the class objectives


Incorrect Fair Use

✤ Make copy of newspaper year after year and distribute to students.

✤ pertinent to the class objectives.

✤ Make a digital copy of a news article and post on teacher webpage on Google Sites.

✤ time

✤ pertinent to the class objectives


Software

✤ Software developers own their programs.

✤ Software buyers only own the right to use the software according to the license agreement unless it is open source and public domain software.

Depending on the type of software no copying, reselling, lending, renting, leasing, or distributing is legal without the software owner’s permission.

Uploaded on April 20, 2007 by splorp


Software Licenses: Four types

✤ Public Domain✤ Freeware✤ Shareware✤ All Rights

Reserved✤ Open Source

Uploaded on December 28, 2007by Dave McLean


Public Domain License

✤ This software has no owner and is not protected by copyright law.

✤ It was either created with public funds, or the ownership was forfeited by the creator.

Rare Unreliable Poor quality Virus-laden

No cost? That may be exactly how

much this software is worth.

Free, public domain image: Portrait of George Washington, Standing, with Arm Outstretched.

Library of Congress0478-1003-0821-4801


Freeware License

✤ Freeware is copyrighted software that is licensed to be copied and distributed without charge.

✤ Freeware is freebecause the licensesays it is, but it’s still under the owner’ control.

Some freeware is “really good stuff.” Pegasus Mail Eudora Light Netscape Internet Explorer

Uploaded on April 2, 2008 by Buou"Icons by: FastIcon.com"


Shareware License

✤ The software is licensed for copying and sharing for a trial period, but payment must be made to the owner for permanent use.

Some shareware trials expire on a certain date

Payment depends on the honor system Purchasing (the right to use) the

software may also get you a version with more powerful features and published documentation.

Uploaded on November 15, 2009 by Norm Walsh


IF YOU DO NOT ACCEPT

THIS LICENSE AGREEMENT,

DO NOT OPEN THE

ENCLOSED PACKET OR

BREAK THE SEAL ON THE

CD-ROM

The only right granted to the

Customer is the right to USE the

SOFTWARE and accompanying

documentation in accordance with

this License Agreement.

The customer may not modify, translate, copy, reproduce, reverse engineer, disassemble, decompile,or otherwise derive source code from, the SOFTWARE or accompanying documentation, or use it as abasis for the preparation of other software programs

Customerswho havepurchased aSingle-Userlicense mayINSTALL andUSE theSOFTWAREon onecomputer.

The software andaccompanyingdocumentation maynot be transmittedelectronically,including over theInternet, rented,loaned, leased,sold, distributed,made available,directly orindirectly, for USEby any other personor entity notcovered by thisLicense Agreement.

Excerpts from QuarkXPress software license agreement

Software License Agreement


Benefits of All Rights Reserved

✤ Reliable, professional support and training available

✤ Packaged, comprehensive, and modular formats

✤ Regularly and easily updated.


Disadvantages of All Rights Reserved

✤ Costly

✤ Closed standards that hinder further development.

✤ Most proprietary software comes without the source code, which is the code originally written by the programmer. Without this code you do not have right to change the way the software is developed. When you buy proprietary software you are essentially buying the right to use the software in a specific way, and in many cases the company that developed it owns the software, and you just purchase rights to use it.


Who is the Business Software Alliance (BSA)?

They are the voice of the world’s computer software and hardware industry.

Some of the companies they represent:

Microsoft Adobe

AutoDesk Symantec

Corel Dell

Intel Intuit

Apple The Math Works


What happens if you break the Software Copyright laws?

✤ Track the distribution of pirated software on the Internet (auction sites/p2p)

✤ File civil lawsuits to stop software piracy

✤ They will involve local and national authorities when necessary


Open Source Licensing


Freeware vs. Free Software

✤ The difference between Freeware and free software is:

✤ Freeware is software available to users at a zero price and the author usually restricts the licensing

✤ Free software is free from licensing restrictions therefore you can redistribute to your friends and you are allowed to change the change the program source


Benefits of Open Source✤ Low cost and no license fees

✤ Flexibility and customizability

✤ User communities that forms a good technical support base

✤ Ability to run on multiple platforms, Windows, Apple and Linux.

✤ Standards that facilitate integration with other systems for example Windows, Linux and Apple


Disadvantages of Open Source

✤ Lack of professional support

✤ Evolving developer communities

✤ Lack of release co-ordination

✤ Erratic updates


All Rights Reserved License

✤ May be used by the purchaser according the exact details spelled out in the license agreement.

✤ You can’t legally use it--or even possess it-- without the owner’s permission.

Uploaded on February 17, 2006 by Aldo Risolvo


What to do?

✤ Pedagogy and Practice

✤ Creative Commons Licensing

✤ Policies

✤ Business Practices

Uploaded on May 17, 2007 by Brian Hillegas


Practice and Pedagogy

✤ Provide pre-service teachers with training in copyright law and fair use guidelines

✤ Provide in-service teachers with ongoing training in copyright law and fair use guidelines

✤ Develop assignments that use challenged based learning and project based learning

✤ Teach students the process for synthesizing, analyzing, and paraphrasing in the elementary grades through high school.

✤ Teach students correct citation skills and have them practice!

✤ Develop a culture of respect and understanding for copyrighted material


Creative Commons Licensing

✤ Teach about Creative Commons Licensing

✤ Allow and value students to contributions to Creative Commons licensed materials

✤ Teach correct attribution and citation for materials licensed by Creative Commons

Uploaded on March 21, 2007 by DarthLen


School Policies

✤ Policies need to be about more than pornography and inappropriate network use.

✤ Resources and guidance need to be readily available to assist students and teachers with questions about copyright and fair use.


Business

✤ Expect businesses to develop and uphold policies about copyrighted material

✤ Clear understandable guidelines

✤ Contributing members of online networks need to partners in the policies
