Lesson 1: Identify and

Describe the Need

Designing with Data:

Safer Buildings

We will form teams using a “Six Thinking Hats” strategy.

Load up the spreadsheet:

U05_L01_10-WB1-Six_Hats_Scorer.xlsx

Score each of the 30 questions from 0-5.

Record your 1st- and 2nd-highest scoring colors.

Six Thinking Hats

White hat: neutral and objective, concerned with facts and figures

Red hat: concerned with emotions, instincts

Black hat: careful and cautious, sees problems and disadvantages

Yellow hat: sunny and positive, sees possibilities and advantages

Green hat: focused on creativity and new ideas

Blue hat: concerned with organization and structure; thinking about thinking

1. Ask “Green hats” serves as a team captain (1 per team)

2. Give each team a second and third member by distributing the remaining colors in this order:

1. “Yellow hats”

2. “Black hats”

3. “Blue hats”

4. “White hats”

5. “Red hats”

If there are not enough (or too many) hats of a certain color, look at second-highest scores.

Form heterogeneous teams.

You use data to make decisions.

If you were planning an outdoor activity for the weekend, which day would be better: Saturday or Sunday?

What days would you want to take a jacket to school?

20%

Five-Day Forecast

FRI SAT SUN MON TUE

90% 80%

60 59 51 59 62

48 44 42 37

Data are used to make decisions in the workplace.

We will acquire and analyze data in our next design challenge.

The data will help us evaluate design alternatives.

The basics of the design challenge:

What are earthquakes like?

Redesign an apartment building in an earthquake-prone region in northeast India.

Earthquakes are powerful.

Washington D.C.

August 23, 2011

5.8 magnitude earthquake

Photo: United States Park Service

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Earthquakes are powerful.

“It’s been assessed that the 555-foot-tall Washington Monument—with its many cracked and chipped stone blocks, elevator and other damages—will probably cost about $15 million to repair.” – www.recreation.gov

Photos: United States Park Service

Earthquakes are powerful.

An animated view of the damage is available at http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/special/local/washington-monument-earthquake-damage/

Photos: United States Park Service

Earthquakes are powerful.

Haiti 2010 New Zealand 2011

Photos: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

Earthquakes happen worldwide.Latest major earthquake activity:

http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/map/

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Earthquakes happen more in some places than others.

http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/states/

Data can help characterize earthquakes in the U.S.

Number of Earthquakes in the United States for 2000 - 2012Source: U.S.G.S. National Earthquake Information Center

Magnitude 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

8.0 to 9.9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

7.0 to 7.9 0 1 1 2 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0

6.0 to 6.9 6 5 4 7 2 4 7 9 9 4 8 3 5

5.0 to 5.9 63 41 63 54 25 47 51 72 85 58 89 51 27

4.0 to 4.9 281 290 536 541 284 345 346 366 432 288 631 347 271

3.0 to 3.9 917 842 1535 1303 1362 1475 1213 1137 1486 1492 3584 1838 1236

2.0 to 2.9 660 646 1228 704 1336 1738 1145 1173 1573 2379 4132 2941 2251

1.0 to 1.9 0 2 2 2 1 2 7 11 13 26 39 47 43

0.1 to 0.9 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0

No Magnitude

415 434 507 333 540 73 13 22 20 14 12 8 3

Total 2342 2261 3876 2946 3550 3685 2783 2791 3618 4262 8496 5237 3836

Estimated Deaths

0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Data can help characterize earthquakes across the world.

Number of Earthquakes Worldwide for 2000 - 2012Source: U.S.G.S. National Earthquake Information Center

Magnitude 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

8.0 to 9.9 1 1 0 1 2 1 2 4 0 1 1 1 2

7.0 to 7.9 14 15 13 14 14 10 9 14 12 16 23 19 12

6.0 to 6.9 146 121 127 140 141 140 142 178 168 144 150 185 108

5.0 to 5.9 1344 1224 1201 1203 1515 1693 1712 2074 1768 1896 2209 2276 1401

4.0 to 4.9 8008 7991 8541 8462 10888 13917 12838 12078 12291 6805 10164 13315 9534

3.0 to 3.9 4827 6266 7068 7624 7932 9191 9990 9889 11735 2905 4341 2791 2453

2.0 to 2.9 3765 4164 6419 7727 6316 4636 4027 3597 3860 3014 4626 3643 3111

1.0 to 1.9 1026 944 1137 2506 1344 26 18 42 21 26 39 47 43

0.1 to 0.9 5 1 10 134 103 0 2 2 0 1 0 1 0

No Magnitude

3120 2807 2938 3608 2939 864 828 1807 1922 17 24 11 3

Total 22256 23534 27454 31419 31194 30478 29568 29685 31777 14825 21577 22289 16667

Estimated Deaths

231 21357 1685 33819 228802 88003 6605 712 88011 1790 320120 21953 768

Our challenge will simulate earthquakes.

Earthquake Demo

Civil engineers design safe buildings – and much, much more! Research and describe a specific field, project, or job related to civil engineering today.

Energy, civil infrastructure and climate

Construction engineering and project management

Environmental and water resources engineering

Geotechnical and coastal engineering

Structural and architectural engineering

Transportation engineering

Unit Project A Assignment: Research a topic in civil engineering.

The challenge is set inNortheast India.

Photo: United States Geological Survey

This zone has high seismic activity.

Photo: United States Geological Survey

Read and interpret interview statements from our stakeholders.

Engineering Firm

Landowner

Local Government

Residents

Let’s analyze your manager’s statement together.

Engineering Firm

Know Need To Know

Now analyze the statements from the rest of the stakeholders.

Local Gov’t Residents Landowner

Know Need To Know

Define a Customer Needs Statement.

Who is/are the customer(s)?

What does the customer need from the engineer?

Requirements

Tell you what the design must do (minimum standards to be met)

Provide design opportunities

Constraints

Tell you the limits of the design

Constrain design opportunities

Requirements + Constraints Design Specifications

Requirements and constraintsdescribe necessary aspects of a design.

Define some requirementsand constraints for the design.

After analyzing the interview statements, what do we know about what the design must or must not do?

After analyzing the interview statements, what do we know about what the design must or must not do?

How can we organize this information?

Define some requirementsand constraints for the design.

Place post-it notes on the appropriate pages in your notebook to denote the following items: Know/Need to Know List

Customer Needs Statement

Requirements and Constraints Table

Write down the name of the appropriate item on each post-it.

Place a post-it in your notebook for anything else you are particularly proud of or would like me to see.

Notebook Check

What have we done?What is next?

Individual Assessments

Assessment 1: Requirements and Constraints