Lesson 3 Part 1Mixed Groups

Noble gases stability what makes them useful

Helium light weight makes it useful in lighter-

than-air blimps and balloonsNeon and argon

used in “neon lights” for advertising.

Metalloids share unusual characteristicsform ionic and covalent bonds with

other elements have metallic and nonmetallic

properties

Metalloids some can conduct electricity better

than most nonmetalsnot as well as some metals, giving

them the name semiconductor. except for aluminum the metalloids

are the elements in the periodic table that are located along the stair-step line

Boron, metalloid, first

element in Group 13

borax laundry products to soften water.

boric acid, a mild antiseptic.

Aluminum, metal in Group 13,

is the most abundant metal in Earth’s crust.

strong and lightused in soft-drink

cans, foil wrap, cooking pans, and as siding, construction of airplanes.

Group 14carbon family,

has four electrons in its outer energy level

where much of the similarity ends.

Carbon nonmetal

Silicon and germaniummetalloid

Tin and lead metals.

Silicon second only to oxygen in abundance

in Earth’s crust. silicon dioxide

crystal structure of similar to the structure of diamond

Silicon occurs as two allotropes.

Diamond, graphite, and buckminsterfullerene are allotropes of an

element. Allotropes

forms of the same element that have different molecular structures.

Nitrogen family Group 15. five electrons in its

outer energy leveltend to share

electronsform covalent

compounds with other elements.

Nitrogen fourth most abundant element in

your body. each breath is about 80 percent

gaseous nitrogen in the form of diatomic molecules, N2.

Group 16 oxygen group.

Oxygennonmetal, exists in

the air as diatomic molecules, O2.

during electrical storms, some oxygen molecules, O2, change into ozone molecules, O3.

sulfur second element in the oxygen group

Sulfur nonmetal that exists in several

allotropic forms. exists as different-shaped crystals

and as a noncrystalline solid.

Syntheticssmashing existing elements with

particles accelerated in a heavy ion accelerator, scientists have been successful in creating elements not typically found on Earth.

more than 92 protonsexcept for technetium-43 and

promethium-61

Synthesized elements by studying how they form and

disintegrate, you can gain an understanding of the forces holding the nucleus together.

Radioactive elements can be useful. technetium’s radioactivity makes it ideal

for many medical applications.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JzqdHkpXuy4&feature=plcp