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125 LESSON - 9 Unit I Patterns Introduced in this Unit: Subject + Verb root ta: / te / ti: + auxiliary maĩ / ve / shila: ja: hũ / haĩ / hai 1.0 Text एक स बह ek subah One Morning माँ रो पाँच िजे उठती ह। वपताजी भी पाँच िजे उठते ह और उठकर टहलते ह। म छह िजे उठता ह mã: roz pã:ch baje uṭhti: haĩ. pita:ji: bhi: pã:nch baje uṭhte haĩ aur uṭhkar ṭahalte haĩ. maĩ chhai baje uṭhta: hũ:. Mother gets up at 5 o’ clock. Father also gets up at 5 o’ clock and goes for a stroll. I wake up at 6 o'clock. हम आठ िजे नाशता करते ह। वपताजी देर से सोते ह और जलदी उठते ह। ham a:ṭh baje na:shta: karte haĩ. pita:ji: der se sote haĩ aur jaldi: uṭhte haĩ. We take breakfast at 8 o'clock. Father sleeps late and gets up early. सात िजे तक सि उठते ह। म दूध लाता ह । दूध लाकर हम चाय पीते ह। sa:t baje tak sab uṭhte haĩ. maĩ du:dh la:ta: hũ. du:dh la:kar ham cha:y pi:te haĩ. By seven, we all are awake. I bring the milk. After bringing milk, we take tea. चाय पीकर म अखिार पता ह । अखिार पकर नहाता ह cha:y pi:kar maĩ akhba:r paṛhta: hũ:. akhba:r paṛhkar naha:ta: hũ:. After taking tea I read newspaper. After reading newspaper I take bath. कपडे पहनकर तैयार होता ह और विदयालय जाता ह kapṛe pahankar taiya:r hota: hũ: aur vidya:lay ja:ta: hũ: I get ready after wearing clothes and go to school.

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Page 1: LESSON - 9 - chdpublication.mhrd.gov.inchdpublication.mhrd.gov.in/ebook/syllabus/Hindi_Certificate_Course-2019... · 130 2.3 Grammar and Structure • The ‘kar’ construction is

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LESSON - 9

Unit I

PatternsIntroducedinthisUnit:

Subject+

Verb rootta: / te / ti: +

auxiliary

maĩ / ve / shila: ja: hũ / haĩ / hai

1.0 Text

एक सबहek subah

One Morning

मा रोज पाच िज उठती ह। वपताजी भी पाच िज उठत ह और उठकर टहलत ह। म छह िज उठता ह।mã:rozpã:chbajeuṭhti:haĩ.pita:ji:bhi:pã:nchbajeuṭhtehaĩauruṭhkarṭahaltehaĩ.maĩchhaibajeuṭhta:hũ:.Mothergetsupat5o’clock.Fatheralsogetsupat5o’clockandgoesforastroll.Iwakeupat6o'clock.

हम आठ िज नाशता करत ह। वपताजी दर स सोत ह और जलदी उठत ह।hama:ṭhbajena:shta:kartehaĩ.pita:ji:dersesotehaĩaurjaldi:uṭhtehaĩ.Wetakebreakfastat8o'clock.Fathersleepslateandgetsupearly.

सात िज तक सि उठत ह। म दध लाता ह। दध लाकर हम चाय पीत ह।sa:tbajetaksabuṭhtehaĩ.maĩdu:dhla:ta:hũ.du:dhla:karhamcha:ypi:tehaĩ.Byseven,weallareawake.Ibringthemilk.Afterbringingmilk,wetaketea.

चाय पीकर म अखिार पढता ह। अखिार पढकर नहाता ह।cha:ypi:karmaĩakhba:rpaṛhta:hũ:.akhba:rpaṛhkarnaha:ta:hũ:.AftertakingteaIreadnewspaper.AfterreadingnewspaperItakebath.

कपड पहनकर तयार होता ह और विदयालय जाता ह।kapṛepahankartaiya:rhota:hũ:aurvidya:layja:ta:hũ:Igetreadyafterwearingclothesandgotoschool.

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1.1 Vocabulary

मा mã: mother

रोज roz daily

उठना uṭhna: towakeup

उठकर uṭhkar aftergettingup

टहलना ṭahalna: tostroll

नाशता करना na:shta:karna: totakebreakfast

फकतन िज kitnebaje atwhattime

सोकर sokar aftersleeping

दर स derse late

तक tak till

लाना la:na: tobring

लौटकर lauṭkar afterreturning

पीकर pi:kar afterdrinking

अखिार akhba:r newspaper

नहाना (n) naha:na: totakebath

कपडा (m.) kapṛa: cloth

पहनना pahanna: towear

तयार होना taiya:rhona: tobeready

1.2 Trytocomprehend:

1. mã:kitnebajeuṭhti:haĩ?

2. kya:pita:ji:jaldi:uṭhtehaĩ?

3. sablogkabtakuṭhtehaĩ?

4. hamna:shta:kabkartehaĩ?

5. du:dhkaunla:ta:hai?

1.3 Grammar and Structure

• Thepresenthabitualformofaverbrepresentstheactionasafactisformedwiththehelp

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ofaddingta/te/ti:withtheverbrootfollowedbyanauxiliaryverb.Thepresentformsofauxiliaryverbsareasfollows:

Singular Plural

Ist person hũ: haĩ

2nd person hai, ho ho, haĩ

3rd person hai haĩ

Observetheformationofthesesentences:

maĩpaṛhta:(m.)hũ: Istudy(male)maĩpaṛhti:(f.)hũ: Istudy(female)

tumpaṛhte(m.)hoYoustudy

tumpaṛhti:(f.)ho

vahpaṛhta:(m.)hai Hestudiesvahpaṛhti:(f.)hai Shestudies

hampaṛhte(m.)haĩWestudy

hampaṛhti:(f.)haĩ

a:ppaṛhte(m.)haĩYoustudy

a:ppaṛhti:(f.)haĩ

vepaṛhte(m.)haĩTheystudy

vepaṛhti:(f.)haĩ

maĩkha:na:kha:ta:(m.)hũ:.Ieatfood

maĩkha:na:kha:ti:(f.)hũ:.

tummiṭha:i:kha:te(m.)hoYoueatsweets

tummiṭha:i:khati:(f.)ho

Youcanmakethehabitualpresenttenseinthispattern:

kha:+ ta:/te/ti: kha:ta:/kha:te/kha:ti:kar+ ta:/te/ti: karta:/karte/karti:so+ ta:/te/ti: sota:/sote/soti:uṭh+ ta:/te/ti: uṭhta:/uṭhte/uṭhti:ja: ta:/te/ti: ja:ta:/ja:te/ja:ti:

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1.4 Exercise

1. Dopraticetogivetheresponsesinthefollowingpattern:

maĩsubahphalkha:ta:hũ: tumsubahkya:kha:teho?maĩsubahakhba:rpaṛhta:hũ: tumsubahkya:karteho?mohansha:mkocha:ypi:ta:hai. mohansha:mkokya:karta:hai?mohansha:mkogharja:ta:hai mohangharkabja:ta:hai?bachchera:tkodasbajesotehaĩ bachchekabsotehaĩ?

2. Trytogiveanswersinyourown:

vahkahã:paṛhtahai? si:ta:kya:paṛhti:hai? rameshkya:pi:ta:hai? si:ta:kya:kha:ti:hai? mohankahã:ja:ta:hai?

Unit-II

PatternsintroducedinthisUnit:

Verbroot+karconstruction

2.0 Text

सीताsi:ta:Sita

सीता पाच िज घर लौटती ह। घर लौटकर िह हाथ-मह धोती ह।si:ta:pã:chbajegharlauṭti:hai.gharlauṭkarvoha:thmũhdhoti:hai.Sitareturnshomeat5o'clock.Afterreturningshewasheshandsandface.

हाथ मह धोकर एक कप चाय पीती ह। चाय पीकर कपड िदलती ह।ha:thmũhdhokarekkapcha:ypi:ti:hai.cha:ypi:karkapṛebadalti:hai.Afterwashinghandsandfaceshedrinksacupoftea.Afterhavingteashechangesherclothes.

चाय पीकर एक घटा आराम करती ह।cha:ypi:karekghantaa:ra:mkarti:hai.Afterhavingteashetakesrestforanhour.

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सात िज खाना िनाती ह। खाना िनाकर सोहन की मदद करती ह।sa:tbajekha:na:bana:ti:hai.kha:na:bana:karsohanki:madadkarti:hai.At7o'clockshepreparesfood.AfterpreparingfoodshehelpsSohan.

फिर सिक साथ खाना खाती ह। खाना खाकर दो घट पढती ह।phirsabkesa:thkha:na:kha:ti:hai.kha:nakha:kardoghantepaṛhti:hai.Afterthatshetakesdinnerwithothers.Afterdinnershestudiesfortwohours.

फकताि पढकर िह रडडयो सनती ह। दस िज सीता सो जाती ह।kita:bpaṛhkarvoradiosunti:hai.dasbajesi:ta:soja:tihai.Afterreadingthebookshelistenstotheradio.Sitasleepsby10o'clock.

2.1 Vocabulary

लौटना lauṭna: toreturn

हाथ-मह ha:th-mũh handsandface

धोना dhona: towash

िदलना badalna: tochange

आराम करना a:ra:mkarna: torelax

मदद करना madadkarna: tohelp

फिर fir afterthat

सिक साथ sabkesa:th withall

सनना sunna: tolisten

सोना sona: tosleep

2.2 Trytocomprehend:

1. si:ta:kabgharlauṭtihai?

2. gharlauṭkarsi:ta:kya:karti:hai?

3. si:ta:kha:na:kabbana:ti:hai?

4. kita:bpaṛhkarsi:ta:kya:karti:hai?

5. si:ta:kitnebajesoja:ti:hai?

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2.3 Grammar and Structure

• The‘kar’constructionisformedbycombiningtheverbroot+kar(todo).Theconstructionwithverbsuffixing+‘kar’shallalwaysbewrittenasoneword,e.g.uṭhkar,sokar,lauṭkar,pi:kar,paṛhkar.

• Theverbroot+‘kar’constructionisgenerallyadverbialinnature.Itisnotaffectedbythegender,numberorcaseofthesubjectoroftheobject.e.g.

kha:na:kha:kara:ie Comeaftereatingfood.

kita:bpaṛhkarja:o Goafterreadingthebook.

ga:na:sunkarlikho Listensongthenwrite.

2.4 Exercise

Changethesentencesaccordingtothegivenpattern.

vopaṛhta:hai.volikhta:hai. → vopaṛhkarlikhta:hai.vesuntehaĩ.vega:tehaĩ. →tu:sochta:hai.tubolta:hai. →tumpaṛhti:ho.tumlikhti:ho. →a:pkha:tehaĩ.a:ppitehaĩ. →maĩkhari:dta:hũ:.maĩbechta:hũ:. →hamlikhtehaĩ.hampaṛhtehaĩ. →

Unit-III

3.0InthisUnityouwilllearn:

A) TimeExpression

कया िजा ह ? आठ िज ह।kya:baja:hai? a:ṭhbajehaĩ.Whatisthetime? Itis8o'clock

B) FractionofNumbers

पौन/paun पौन फकलो/paunkilo 0.75फकलो

सिा/sava: सिा रपय/sava:rupaye 1.25रपए

डढ/deṛh डढ फकलोगाम/deṛhkilogram 1.5फकलो

ढाई/dha:i: ढाई रपए/dha:i:rupaye 2.50रपए

साढ/sa:ṛhe साढ तीन लीटर /sa:ṛeti:nli:tar 3.50लीटर

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C) FractionofTime

पौन / पौन एक/paun/pauneek 0:45

पौन दो /paunedo 1:45

सिा/sava: 1:15

डढ/deṛh 1:30

ढाई/dhah:i: 2:30

साढ तीन/sa:ṛheti:n 3:30

3.1 Grammar and Structure

• FractionofTime

Minutesafterthehoursisexpressedwith‘bajkar’andminutesbeforewith‘bajnemẽ’.Forexample

a:ṭhbajkardasminaṭ 8:10

a:ṭhbajnemẽdasminaṭ 7:50

Wecanalsousetheseexpressions:

kya:baja:hai?naubajkarcha:li:sminaṭ 9:40

kitnebajehaĩ?dasbajnemebi:sminaṭ 9:40

• Fractionofnumbers:

सिा (sava:)isaquarteraddedtothenumberitselfmeansoneplusaquarter,suchas:

sava: 1:15

sava:do 2:15

sava:ti:n 3:15

Otherthan1,‘sava:’isfollowedbythenumberofhour,forexample

sava:das 10.15 onequarterpastten

sava:pã:ch 5.15 onequarterpastfive

साढ(saṛhe)isfortwoquarters,i.e.halfofaunit.Butitshouldalsobenotedthatoneplushalfisडढ(dedh),andtwoplushalfisढाई(dhai:)

dedhbaja:hai Itis1:30

dha:i:baja:hai Itis2:30

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पौना(pauna:)threequartersofaunitmakeपौन(paune).Butisfollowedbythenextnumber,forexample

9:45ispaunedas

10:45ispaunegya:ra:

3.2Fractionofnumbers/measures

Infact,pauneekiscalled‘paun’.Apartfromtimeexpressions,thesewordscanbeusedwithmeasuresaswell,e.g.

pa:vkilo 250gm

pauna:kilo 750gm

a:dha:liṭar 500ml

chautha:iliṭar 250ml

deṛhmi:ṭar 1.5mtr

paunedomi:ṭar 1.75mtr

saṛhepãchhaza:rrupaye 5500rupees

3.3 Exercise

1. Readaloudafterfillingthewordिज(baje):

kya:baja:hai? ekbaja:hai ekbajehaĩ

do bajehaĩ.

ti:n …………….. sa:t ……………..

cha:r …………….. a:ṭh ……………..

pã:ch …………….. nau ……………..

chhah…………….. das ……………..

2. Filluptheblanks

rameshkabuṭhta:hai? ramesh…..bajkar…..minaṭparuṭhta:hai 5:50tumgharkabja:teho? maĩ……bajkar…minaṭparja:ta:hũ: 7:50shi:la:subahkabna:shta:karti:hai?

shi:la…bajnemẽ….minaṭparna:shta:kartihai. 6:50

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bachche sku:l kab ja:tehaĩ?

bachche…..bajkar…..minaṭparsku:lja:tehaĩ. 9:15

suresh ra:t ko kab sota:hai?

sureshra:tko….bajkar….minaṭparsota:hai. 10:30

4. Whatisthetimenow:

1.10 12.15 11.40 11.13

3.25 6.05 8.28 7.30

Unit – IV

Patternstobeintroduced:

Instrumentalcase–noun+स(se) कलम + स(withpen)

4.0 Text

बातचीतba:tchi:t

Conversation

महश तम सकल कस जात हो, सरश ?mahesh tumsku:lkaiseja:teho,suresh?Mahesh Howdoyougotoschool,Suresh?

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सरश म सकल साइफकल स जाता ह, कभी-कभी िस स जाता ह।suresh maĩsku:lsa:ikilseja:ta:hũ:.kabhi:-kabhi:basseja:ta:hũ:Suresh Igotoschoolbycycle,sometimesIgobybus.

महश कया सकल िहत दर ह ?kya:sku:lbahutdu:rhai?Istheschoolfaraway?

सरशहा, सकल िहत दर ह। साइफकल स जान म पचास ममनट लगत ह। िस स िीस ममनट लगत ह।hã:,sku:ldu:rhai,sa:ikilseja:nemẽpacha:sminaṭlagtehaĩ,bassebi:sminaṭlagtehaĩ.Yes,schoolisfaraway.Ittakes50minutesbycycle,20minutesbybus.

महश तम सकल कि जात हो ?tumsku:lkabja:teho?Whendoyougotoschool?

सरश म सिह सात िजकर दस ममनट पर जाता ह। आठ िज सकल पहचता ह।maĩsku:lsa:tbajkardasminaṭparja:ta:hũ:.a:ṭhbajesku:lpahũchta:hũ:.Igotoschoolat7.10.Ireachtheschoolat8o’clock.

सरश ददनश कहा ह ?dineshkahã:hai?WhereisDinesh?

महश ददनश आजकल मिई म ह। िह मिई राजधानी एकसपरस स जाता ह।dinesha:jkalmumbaimẽhai.vomumbai:ra:jdha:ni:akspresseja:ta:hai.NowadaysDineshstaysinMumbai.HegoesinMumbaiRajdhaniExpress.

सरश सकल म तम दहदी फकस फकताि स पढत हो ?sku:lmẽtumhindi:kiskita:bsepaṛhteho?FromwhichbookyoustudyHindiintheschool?

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4.1 Vocabulary

साइफकल (f.) sa:ikil cycle

सिह (f.) subah morning

पहचना Pahũchna: toreach

आजकल a:jkal nowadays

सीखना si:khna: tolearn

कभी-कभी kabhi:kabhi: sometimes

4.2 Grammar and Structure

‘स’aspostpositionexpressesinstrumentality,meansandcause

maĩpencilselikhta:hũ: Iwritewithpencil.

sushi:lka:rsea:ta:hai Sushilcomesbycar.

tumsku:lkaiseja:teho? Howdoyougotoschool?

maĩmeṭrosesku:lja:ta:hũ: Igotoschoolbymetro.

Nowreadthefollowingsentences:

tumkitnebajesekitnebajetakpaṛhteho? Whattimedoyoustudy?

maị subah sa:t baje se a:ṭh baje tak hindi:paṛhta:hũ:.

IstudyHindifrom7a.m.to8a.m.

tumsubaihkya:karteho? Whatdoyoudointhemorning?

maĩsubaha:ṭhbajesenaubajetakakhba:rpaṛhta:hũ:

Ireadnewspaperfrom8.00amto9a.m.

tumsubahkitnebajeṭahalteho? Whendoyougoforawalk?

maĩsubaihchhaibajesesa:tbajetakṭahalta:hũ:

Igoforawalkfromsixo'clocktoseveno'clockinthemorning.

‘se’………….‘tak’denote timeexpression isparallel toEnglishcontradiction– ‘from……………….to’,e.g.

maĩchhaibajesesa:tbajetakpaṛhta:hũ:

Istudyfromsixo'clocktoseveno'clock

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4.3 Exercise

Fillintheblanksasperthemodelgiven:

subah………sesha:mko……..takka:mkarta:hũ maĩsubahchhahbajesesha:mkoa:ṭhbajetakka:mkarta:hũ

1. vodopahar……….sera:tko……….tak(sona:)……………

2. tum……….ju:nse……….jula:itakshimlamẽ(rahna:)……………

3. si:ta:sha:m…….se…….tak(ṭahalna:)……………

4. ra:jesh……….se………..tak(paṛhana:)……………

4.4 Additional Vocabulary

Let’sCount:

40 चालीस cha:li:s

41 इकतालीस ikta:li:s

42 ियालीस baya:li:s

43 ततालीस taĩta:li:s

44 चिालीस chava:li:s

45 पतालीस paĩta:li:s

46 तछयालीस chiya:li:s

47 सतालीस saĩta:li:s

48 अडतालीस aṛta:li:s

49 उनचास uncha:s

50 पचास pacha:s

Recapitulation

Inthislessionwehavelearnt:

1. HabitualPresentTense

maĩja:ta:hũ.

tumja:teho.

vahja:ta:hai.

ham/a:p/veja:tehaĩ.

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2. Verbroot+कर (kar)construction

maĩkha:na:kha:karsota:hũ.

3. kya:baja:hai? dasbajehaĩ.

dasbajkarti:sminaṭhaĩ.

dha:i:bajehaĩ.

4. InstrumentalCase

maĩpensilselikhta:hũ:

vahbassesku:lja:ta:hai.

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LESSON - 10

Unit I

PatternsIntroduced:

Sub

+

Verbroot रहा / रही / रह

+

auxiliaryverbsह / हो / ह / ह

लडका

laṛka:

दौड

dauṛ

रहा

raha:

haiTheboyisrunning.

1.0 Text

सास और बह की बातचीतsa:s aur bahu: ki: ba:tchi:t

Conversation between mother-in-law and daughter-in-law

सास िह, माधिी कया कर रही ह?sa:s bahu:,ma:dhvi:kya:karrahi:hai?Mother-in-law Daughter-in-law,whatisMadhavidoing?

िह िह अभी सो रही ह, मा।bahu: vahabhi:sorahi:hai,mã:Daughter-in-law Mother,sheisstillsleeping.

सास िह तो रोज सिह छह िज उठती ह।vahtorozsubahchhaibajeuṭhti:hai.Sheusedtogetupat6.00o'clockinthemorning.

िह जी हा, आज रवििार ह, इसमलए अभी सो रही ह।ji:hã:,a:jraviva:rhai,islieabhi:sorahi:hai.Ohyes,itisSundaytoday.Therefore,stillsleeping.

सास अचछा, धीरज कहा ह?achchha:,Dhi:rajkahã:hai?Well,whereisDheeraj?

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िह ि अभी टहल रह ह।veabhi:ṭahalrahehaĩ.Heiswalking

सास कया तम भी टहलती हो?kya:tumbhi:ṭahalti:ho?Doyoualsowalk?

िह नही, म घर पर ही थोडा पराणायाम और वयायाम करती ह।nahĩ:,maĩgharparhi:thoṛa:pra:ṇa:ya:maurvya:ya:mkarti:hũ:.No,Idosomepranayamaandexerciseathomeonly.

सास यह ठछीक ह। अचछा कया िजा ह?yahṭhi:khai.achchha:,kya:baja:hai?Thatisright.Well,whatisthetime?

िह सिा सात िज रह ह मा।sava:sa:tbajrahe:haĩmã.Itisaquarterpastseven,mother.

सास ओह! सिा सात िज रह ह, म चलती ह, पजा करती ह।oh!sava:sa:tbajrahehaĩ,maĩchalti:hũ:,pu:ja:karti:hũ.Oh!Itisquarterpastseven,Letmegoandworship.

िह ठछीक ह। आप चमलए। म थोडी दर म चाय ला रही ह।ṭhi:khai,a:pchalie,maĩthoṛi:dermẽcha:yla:rahi:hũ:Okay,youpleasego.Iwillbecomingwithteaaftersometime.

सास हा, चाय ही लाना, नाशता नही। आज मरा उपिास ह।hã:,cha:yhi:la:na:,na:shtanahĩ:.a:jmera:upva:shai.Yes,bringonlytea,nothingelse.Iamonfasttoday.

िह ठछीक ह।ṭhi:khai.Okay.(asyousay)

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1.1 Vocabulary

सास sa:s mother-in-law

िह bahu: daughter-in-law

िातचीत (f.) ba:tchi:t conversation

करना karna: todo

कया कर रही ह? kya:karrahi:hai? whatisshedoing?

सोना sona: tosleep

मा mã: mother

लफकन lekin but

आज a:j today

अभी abhi: still

अचछा achchha: well

धीरज dhi:raj1.tohavepatienceofperseverance2.Dheeraj(malenamehere)

टहलना ṭahalna: towalk,totakeastroll

घर पर gharpar athome

थोडा thoṛa: alittle

पराणायाम pra:ṇa:ya:m breathingexercise

यह ठछीक ह yahṭhi:khai itisokay

सिा sava: onequarterofaunit

सिा सात sava:sa:t quarterpastseven

पजा करना pu:ja:karna: toworship

थोडी दर म ṭhoṛi:dermẽ aftersometime

उपिास upva:s fast

1.2 Trytocomprehend

1. माधिी कया कर रही ह? ma:dhavi:kya:karrahi:hai?

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2. धीरज कया कर रहा ह? dhi:rajkya:karraha:hai?

3. कया िह भी टहलती ह? kyabahu:bhi:tahalti:hai?

4. कया िजा ह? kya:baja:hai?

5. सास नाशता कयो नही कर रही ह? sa:sna:shta:kyõnahi:karrahi:hai?

1.3 Cultural notes

pra:ṇa:ya:m Akindofyogicexercise,breathingexercise.upva:s Fast,observedonspecialoccasions.

achchha:

Itisusedindifferentcontexts.

i)adjective-achcha:laṛka:

ii)inthesenseof‘well’tobreakacontextorforthechangethetopicofreference,ofconversatione.g.–achchha:,dhirajkya:karraha:hai?

iii)toconcludeoraccept-achchha:maĩkaru:ngã-Okay.Iwilldoit.pu:ja: worshipofgodorgoddess

1.4 Grammar & Structure:

Readthefollowing:

maĩakhba:rpaṛhraha:hũ: Iamreadingnewspaper.shi:la:kapṛedhorahi:hai. Sheelaiswashingthecloths.laṛkegẽdkhelrahehaĩ Boysareplayingball.tumkya:karraheho? Whatareyoudoing?

• Inthesesentencesactivitiesaredenotedbytheverbforms(root+रहा ह)andareactuallyhappening(progressing)atthetimeofutterance.Theseareincontrastwiththehabitualformofverbi.e.verbroot+ता/त/ती+aux.whichwehavelearntinthepreviouslessons.

• Inthepresentcontinousstructureweaddरहा ह / रही ह / रहा ह / रह हो inthesingularandरह ह / रही हinthepluraltotheverbrootasshownbelow.

Singular Pluralmaĩ +raha:/rahi: hũ: hamtu: +raha:/rahi: hai a:p rahe/rahi: haĩtum +rahe/rahi: ho ve

*Note:‘tum’isgrammaticalpluralandittakesspecialpresentauxiliary‘हो’

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Readthefollowingsentencesandnotetheagreementofverbphrasewiththesubject.

maĩmumbai:ja:raha:hũ: (m.s.) IamgoingtoMumbai.maĩchennai:ja:rahi:hũ: (f.s.) IamgoingtoChennai.tumkya:kha:raheho? (m.p.) Whatareyoueating?tumkavita:likhrahi:ho: (f.p.) Youarewritingapoem.a:pkya:likhrahehaĩ? (m.p.) Whatareyouwriting?a:pkya:likhrahi:haĩ. (f.p.) Whatareyouwriting?vahkya:khari:draha:hai? (m.s.) Whatishebuying?vahphu:ldekhrahi:hai. (f.s.) Sheisseeingflowers.laṛka:maida:nmẽkhelraha:hai. (m.s.) Theboyisplayingintheground.tumkya:khari:drahi:ho? (m.s.) Whatareyoubuying?maĩkapṛekhari:drahi:hũ. (f.s.) Iambuyingclothes.hamhindi:paṛhrahehaĩ. (m.p.) WearestudyingHindi.humhindi:paṛhrahi:haĩ. (f.p.) WearestudyingHindi.laṛkiyã:ga:na:ga:rahihaĩ. (f.p.) Girlsaresingingasong.laṛkega:na:ga:rahehaĩ. (m.p.) Boysaresingingasong.

1.5 Exercises

1. Maketensentencesusingonewordfromeachboxgivenbelow.

maĩ a:m khari:d raha: hoham amru:d bech rahi: haĩa:p kapṛa: dekh rahe haĩ

2. HowwillyousayinHindi:

Iamdriving(चलाना)acar.

Heislearningalesson.

Theyareplayingfootball.

Gitaissinging(गाना)asong.(गीतm.)

Girlsareplayinginthefield.(मदानm.)

Motheriscooking(पकाना)rice.(चािलm.)

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Unit-II

PatternsIntroduced

Sub.

+

Obj.1

+

Obj.2

+

Verb

+

Aux.

वपता पतर को पतर मलखता हpita: putrako patra likhta: hai

Fatherwritesalettertotheson.

2.0 Text

Readthefollowingsentences.

मा गरीिो को किल दती ह।mã: gari:bõ ko kambal deti:hai.

Mother gives blankets to thepoor.

शीला मझ िल द रही ह। shi:la:mujhephalderahi:hai. Sheelaisgivingmefruits.

वपताजी हम पस दत ह। pita:ji:hamẽpaisedetehaĩ. Fathergivesusmoney.

डाफकया तमह पतर द रहा ह।da:kiya: tumhẽ patra de raha:hai.

Thepostmanisgivingletterstoyou.

फकसान गायो को घास द रहा ह।kisa:nga:yõko:gha:sderaha:hai.

Thefarmerisgivinggrasstothecows.

2.1 Vocabulary

गरीि (m.) gari:b poor

किल (m.) kambal blanket

पस (m.) paise money

फकसान (m.) kisa:n farmer

गाय (f.) ga:y cow

घास (f.) gha:s grass,fodder

2.2 Trytocomprehend:

1. mã:kambalkisedeti:hai?

2. shi:la:mujhekya:derahi:hai?

3. patrakaunderaha:hai?

4. kisa:ngha:skisederaha:hai?

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2.3 Grammar and Structure

2.3.1 DativeCase

• Asyouknow,verbsareoftwotypes.

i) transitiveverbsthosewhorequireanobject,and

ii) intransitiveverbsthosewhodonotrequireanobject

(Youwillknowmuchabouttheseverbformsinlessonno.10)

Someofthetransitiveverbsasdena:,bhejna:,bula:naetc.requiretwoobjects-(a)directobject(object-1)and(b)indirectobject(object-2).Forexample—

maĩrohitkokalamdeta:hũ: $ $

(ob-2)(ob-1) (IgiveapentoRohit)

Thestructureofsuchsentenceswillbe:

Subject ObjectII ObjectI Verbphrasekisa:n ga:yko gha:s deta:haiThefarmergivesgrasstothecow.

Insuchstructures,theobj-2willinvariablyrequiresdativecase.Tomakeadativeformofanounthepostpositionकोisaddedtothenounwhichisobj-2.

Forexample—

ma:bachchekokha:na:deti:hai. Mothergivesfoodtothechild.rohitmohitkopatralikhta:hai. RohitwritesalettertoMohit.sangi:ta:shi:la:koga:na:suna:rahi:hai. SangitaissingingasongforSheela.pita:ji:bha:i:korupaederahẽhaĩ. Fatherisgivingmoneytobrother.

• Pronouns+कोhavealternateformsandeitherofthemcanbeusedinsuchstructures.PersonName Pronoun postposition

I singular म maĩ को ko Ò मझको/मझ mujhko/mujhe

plural हम ham को ko Ò हमको/हम hamko/hamẽ

II singular त tu: को ko Ò तझको/तझ tujhko/tujhe

plural तम tum को ko Ò तमको/तमह tumko/tumhẽ

plural आप a:p को ko Ò आपको a:pko

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III singular यह yah को ko Ò इसको/इस isko/ise

singular िह vah को ko Ò उसको/उस usko/use

plural ि ve को ko Ò उनको/उनह unko/unhẽ

singular कौन kaun को ko Ò फकसको/फकस kisko/kise

plural कौन kaun को ko Ò फकनको/फकनह kinko/kinhẽ

• Youmaynotethatinthederivedformaboveतझ, मझ, हम, तमह, उस, उनहhaveaninherentको.

NowReadthefollowingsentences.

kira:eda:r maka:n ma:lik ko kira:ya:deta:hai

Thetenantgivesrenttothelandlord.

mã:beṭekokha:na:deti:hai Themothergivesfoodtoherson.hamsark:arkoṭaiksdetehaĩ Wepaytaxtothegovernment.sarka:rhamẽbijli:deti:hai Thegovernmentgivesuselectricity.da:kiya:usepatrderaha:hai Thepostmangiveshimletter.a:phamẽkya:derahehaĩ? Whatareyougivingus?

2.4 Exercise

1. Makequestiontogettheanswersofunderlinedwords:

ri:ta:mujhepatralikhrahi:hai Ritaiswritingalettertome.mãusekha:na:deti:hai Motherisgivinghimfood.su:ryahamẽpraka:shdeta:hai Sungivesuslight.pita:jiunhẽnimantraṇderahehaĩ Fatherisgivinginvitationtothem.adhya:pakhamẽpa:ṭhpaṛha:rahehaĩ Theteacheristeachingus.

2. Makesentencesaspossible:

da:ktar

ham

ve

su:rya

tum

rogi:

a:p

un

gari:b

ham

ko

dava:

kambal

phal

kapṛe

de

bã:ṭ

raha:

rahi:

rahe

hai

haĩ

ho

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Unit-III

PatternsIntroduced

(a) Sub timeexpression verbroot रहा aux

म कल जा रही हmaĩ kal ja rahi: hũ:Iamgoingtomorrow.

Sub+ही

(b)म ही िल खाता हmaĩ hi: phal kha:ta:hũ:Ionlyeatfruits.

Sub+Ob+ही

(c)म िल ही खाता हmaĩ phal hi: kha:ta:hũ:Ieatonlyfruits.

3.0 Text

हम ऊटी जा रह हhamu:ṭi:ja:rahehaĩWe are going to Ooty

अतनल म अधयापक ह। म िगलर म दहदी पढाता ह। कल स सकल म छट दटया हो रही ह।

anilmaĩadhya:pakhũ: .maĩbengalu:ru:mẽhindi:paṛha:ta:hũ:.kalsesku:lmẽchhuṭṭiyã:horahi:haĩ.

AnilIamateacher.IteachHindiinBengaluru.Thereareholidaysinschoolfromtomorrow.

अतनल हम कल ऊटी जा रह ह। ऊटी िहत सदर सथान ह। hamkalu:ṭi:ja:rahehaị.u:ṭi:bahutsundarsthanhai.WearegoingtoOotytomorrow.Ootyisabeautifulplace.

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अतनल िगलर स ऊटी आठ घट म पहचत हbengalu:ru:seu:ṭi:a:ṭhghanṭemẽpahũchtehaĩ.IttakeseighthourstoreachOotyfromBengaluru.

अतनल राजलकमी जी, कया आप हमार साथ आ रही ह?ra:jlakshmi:ji:,kya:a:phama:resa:tha:rahi:haĩ?Rajalakshmiji,areyoucomingwithus?

राजलकमी नही, सर म नही आ रही ह। म कगम जा रही ह।

ra:jlakshmi: nahĩ:sar,maĩnahĩ:a:rahi:hũ:.maĩkurgja:rahi:hũ:Rajlakshmi NoSir,Iamnotcoming.IamgoingtoCoorg.

अतनलठछीक ह, कगम भी िहत सदर सथान ह। आप कगम जाइए। कणणन जी, कया आप कल आ रह ह?ṭhi:khai.kurgbhi:bahutsundarstha:nhai.a:pkurgja:ie.kaṇṇanji:,kya:a:pkala:rahehaĩ?O.K.Koorg is also a beautiful place.You go toKoorg.Kannan ji, are youcomingtomorrow?

कणणन जी हा, म कल आपक साथ ही ऊटी आ रहा ह।kaṇṇan ji:hã:,maĩkala:pkesa:thhi:u:ṭi:a:raha:hũ:.Kannan YesSir,I’mcomingtoOotywithyoutomorrow.

अतनल तो ठछीक ह। सिह जलदी उदठए। ठछीक पाच िज चमलएगा।toṭhi:khai.subahjaldi:uṭhie.ṭhi:kpã:chbajechaliega:Then,it’sOK.Getupearlyinthemorning.Leaveat5’oclock.

अतनल होटल म िता दीसजए फक हम दोपहर साढ िारह िज तक पहच रह ह।hoṭelmẽbata:di:jiekihamdopaharsa:ṛheba:ra:hbajetakpahũchrahehaĩ.Informthehotelthatwewillbereachingby12.30afternoon.

कणणन ठछीक ह, सर।ṭhi:khai,sarOkaySir.

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राजलकमी धनयिाद सर, नमसकार।dhanyava:dsar,namaska:rThankyouSir.

अतनल नमसकार।namaska:rGoodbye.

3.1 Vocabulary

कल kal tomorrow/yesterday

छट दटया chhuṭṭiyã: vacations

सथान(m.) sṭha:n place

घटा(m.) ghanṭa: hour

हमार साथ hama:resa:th withus

सिा पाच sava:pã:ch quarterpastfive(5.15)

दोपहर dopahar noon

साढ िारह sa:ṛheba:ra: halfpasttwelve(12.30)

डढ deṛh oneandahalf

चलना chalna: toproceed/walk/go

पहचना pahũchna: toreach

Pleasenote

• कल (kal) isusedforcomingday(tomorrow)andpreviousday(yesterday)aswell.Theusagewilldeterminewhatismeantbyit.e.g.

maĩkalchennai:sea:ya: YesterdayIcamefromChennai.

maĩkalmumbaija:raha:hũ: TomorrowIamgoingtoMumbai.

3.2 Trytocomprehend:

1. adhya:pakka:na:mkya:hai?

2. vobengalu:ru:mẽkya:karta:hai?

3. anilchhuṭṭiyõmẽkahã:ja:raha:hai?

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4. kyara:jlakshmi:u:ṭi:ja:rahi:hai?

5. kurgkaisa:stha:nhai?

6. kaṇṇankalkahã:jaraha:hai?

7. bengalu:ru:seu:ṭi:kitni:dermẽpahũchtehaĩ?

8. vesubahkitnebajechalrahehaĩ?

9. veu:ṭi:kabpahũchrahehaĩ?

3.3 Grammar and Structure

3.3.1 ImmediateFuture

Readthefollowingsentences:

pita:ji:kaba:rahehaĩ? Whenisfathercoming?laṛkiyã:a:jja:rahi:haĩ. Girlsaregoingtoday.maĩkalvahã:pahũchraha:hũ. Iamreachingtheretoday.

veparsõlakhnau:a:rahehaĩ.They are coming to Lucknow day aftertomorrow.

hamchhuṭṭiõmẽnaini:ta:lja:rahehaĩ WearegoingtoNainitalduringvacations.

• Youmusthavenoticedthatरह+auxconstructionabovedoesnotdenotethatactivitiesarebeingdoneatthetimeofutterance,asinthepreviousunit.Infact,presentcontinuoushasanotherfunctioninlanguage.Itisalsousedasimmediatefuture.

Forexample:

म कल ददलली जा रहा ह। maĩkaldilli:ja:raha:hũ:. IamgoingtoDelhitomorrow.

• Here,‘जा रहा ह’doesnotmeanpresentcontinuoustense,becausetheactionsisyettotakeplace.Suchpatternscanbeseenas:

Sub+

TimeExpression+

Verbroot+

रहा/रही/रह aux.(ह/ह/ह/हो)

mã: sha:mko a: rahi: haĩ

Motheriscomingintheevening.

bha:i: aglesapta:h a: raha: hai

Thebrotheriscomingnextweek.

• Youmighthavenoticedthatthestructureofthesesentencesisnotdifferentfromwhatwe

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have learnt inpreviousunitunderpresentcontinuous,except that these requiresa timedenotingwordbeforetheverbphrase.Somesuchwordsmaybeasfollowing:

कल kal tomorrow

परसो parsõ dayaftertomorrow

अगल माह aglema:h nextmonth

अगल सपताह aglesapta:h nextweek

शाम को sha:mko intheevening

3.3.2 ही(EmphasisMarker)

Readthefollowingcarefullyandobservethedifference:

(A) (B)bha:rtiyahi:hindi:boltehaĩ. bha:rtiyahindi:hi:boltehaĩ.pariva:rmẽmã:hi:cha:valkha:ti:hai pariva:rmẽmã:cha:valhi:kha:ti:hai

YoumusthavenoticedthatsentencesofAgroupandBgrouphavedifferentmeanings.e.g.

bha:rtiyahi:hindi:boltehaĩ. OnlyIndian(exclusivelyIndians)speakHindi(nooneelse).

bha:rtiyahindi:hi:boltehaĩ. IndiansherespeakHindionly(theydonotspeakalanguageotherthanHindi).

3.4 Exercise

3.4.1. Make10sentencesfromthefollowingtable

ham pi: raha:hũ:pakshi: cha:y rahehoa:p paṭna: uṛ raha:haitum pa:ni: rahehaĩpita:ji: sku:l ja: rahi:haimaĩja:nki:

3.4.2. Makequestiontogetthefollowinganswers:

1. maĩkalsubahpahũchraha:hũ.

2. pita:ji:shaniva:rkoa:rahehaĩ.

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3. di:di:kalnahĩ:a:rahi:haĩ.

4. farmaglesapta:hsemilrahehaĩ.

5. shamkorohita:raha:hai.

3.4.3. Putहीattheappropriateplaceinthefollowingsentencesandtellthedifferenceitmakes.

1. maĩkrikeṭkhelta:hũ:.

2. jaganna:thanhindi:paṛha:tehaĩ.

3. ramanidli:kha:ta:hai.

3.5 Additional vocabulary

पतर (m.) patra letter

सयम (m.) su:rya sun

परकाश (m.) praka:sh light

तनमतरण (m.) nimantraṇ invitation

पाठ (m.) pa:ṭh lesson

पढाना (v.) padha:na: toteach

ढढना (v.) dhu:dhna: tosearch

िलाना (v.) bula:na: toinvite

फकराएदार (m.) kira:eda:r tenant

मकान मामलक (m.) maka:nma:lik landlord

सरकार (f.) sarka:r government

बिजली (f.) bijli: electricity

डाफकया (m.) da:kiya: postman

रोगी (m.) rogi: Patient

कपडा (m.) kapṛa cloth

िाटना bã:ṭna todistribute

िोलना (v.) bolna tospeak

चािल (m.) cha:val rice

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लोग (m. pl.) log People

पकषी (m.) pakshi: bird

उडना (v.) uṛna: tofly

3.5.1 Let’sCount

51 इकयािन ikya:van

52 िािन ba:van

53 ततरपन tirpan

54 चौिन chauvan

55 पचपन pachpan

56 छपपन chhappan

57 सततािन satta:van

58 अट ठािन aṭṭha:van

59 उनसठ unsaṭh

60 साठ sa:ṭh

3.6.Kinshipwords

पतत pati husband

पतनी patni: wife

सास sa:s mother-in-law

ससर sasur father-in-law

ननद nanad sister-in-law(husband’ssister)

भाभी bha:bhi: sister-in-law(brother’swife)

दिर dewar brother-in-law(husband’sbrother)

साला sa:la: brother-in-law(wife’sbrother)

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Recapitulation

1. Presentcontinuoussentences

sub.

+

verbroot

+

रहा / रही / रह

+

ह / ह / हो / ह

मा

गा

ga:

रही

rahi:

hai

2. Immediatefuture

sub.

+

time

+

verbroot

+

रहा / रही / रह

+

ह / ह / हो / ह

सीता

si:ta:

कल

kal

a:

रही

rahi:

hai

3. Doubleobjectsentences

sub.

+

obj.II

+

obj.I

+

verbroot

+

रहा / रही / रह

+

ह / ह / हो / ह

वपताजी

pita:ji

हम

hamẽ

पस

paise

de

रह

rahe

haĩ

4. Useofहीasemphasismaker

म ही पढता ह म पढता ही हmaĩ hi: paṛhta: hũ: maĩ paṛhta: hi: hũ:

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LESSON - 11

Unit-I

PatternsIntroduced

Subject Auxiliary(past)

म / त / िह था / थीmai/tu:/vah tha:/thi:

हम / तम / आप / ि थ / थीham/tum/a:p/ve the/thĩ:

1.0 Text

Readthefollowing

दाजजीभिगda:rji:lingDarjeeling

रोदहत राजश, वपछल सपताह तम कहा थ ?rohit ra:jesh,pichhlesapta:htumkahã:the?Rohit Rajesh,wherewereyoulastweek?

राजश म दाजसीमलग म था।ra:jesh maĩda:rji:lingmẽtha:Rajesh IwasinDarjeeling

रोदहत अचछा, कया-कया था िहा ?achchha:,kya:-kya:tha:vahã:?Well,whatwasthere?

राजशिहा िहत कछ था। ऊच पहाड थ। िडी नददया थी। सदर झरन थ। नीला आकाश था। हर-भर िन थ। रग-बिरगी गचडडया थी।vahã:bahutkuchtha:.ũ:chepaha:ṛthe,baṛi:nadiyã:thĩ:,sundarjharnethe,ni:la:a:ka:shtha:,hare-bharevanthe,rangbirangi:chiṛiyã:thĩ:.Therewasalotthere.Therewerehighmountains,largerivers,beautifulwaterfalls,thebluesky,greenanddenseforest(and)colourfulbirds.

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रोदहत तमहार साथ कौन-कौन थ ?tumha:resa:thkaun-kaunthe?Whoallweretherewithyou?

राजश मा थी। वपताजी थ। मरी मौसी थी। मामाजी थ। किल तम नही थ।mã:thĩ:,pita:ji:the,meri:mausithĩ:,ma:ma:ji:the.kevaltumnahĩ:the.Mymother,father,mother’ssisterandmymaternalunclewerewithme.Onlyyouwerenotthere.

रोदहत अगली िार म भी तमहार साथ रहगा। वपछल साल भी तो म तमहार साथ था।agli:ba:rmaĩbhi:tumha:resa:thrahũ:ga:.pichhlesa:lbhi:tomaĩtumha:resa:ththa:NexttimeIwillalsobewithyou.LastyearalsoIwaswithyou.

1.1 Vocabulary

वपछल सपताह pichhlesapta:h lastweek

िहत कछ bahutkuchh alot,manythings

ऊचा ũ:cha: high

पहाड (m.) paha:ṛ mountain

नदी (f.) nadi: river

झरना (m.) jharna: waterfall

िन (m.) van forest

नीला ni:la: blue

आकाश (m.) a:ka:sh sky

हर-भर hare-bhare lushgreen

रग-बिरगी rang-birangi: colourful

गचडडया (f.) chiṛiya: bird

मौसी (f.) mausi: aunt,mother’ssister

मामा (m.) ma:ma: uncle,mother’sbrother

तमहार साथ tumha:resa:th withyou

कौन-कौन kaun-kaun whoall

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1.2 Trytocomprehend:

वपछल सपताह राजश कहा था ? pichhlesapta:hra:jeshkaha:tha:?

दासजममलग म कया कया था ? darji:lingmekya:-kya:tha:?

राजश क साथ कौन-कौन थ ? ra:jeshkesa:thkaun-kaunthe?

कया रोदहत राजश क साथ था ? kya:rohitra:jeshkesa:ththa:?

1.3 Grammar and Structure

• Notethatauxiliaryverb ‘था’ispartformof‘होना’(tobe).Itisusedindependentlyasamainverb.

Masculine Feminine

Sub+Verb Sub+Verb

Singularम था maĩtha: म थी maĩthi:

त था tu:tha: त थी tu:thi:

िह था vahtha: िह थी vahthi:

Plural

हम थ hamthe हम थी hamthĩ:

तम थ tumthe तम थी tumthĩ:

आप थ a:pthe आप थी a:pthĩ:

ि थ vethe ि थी vethĩ:

• Intheaboveexamplesyoumusthaveseenthat‘था’ agreeswiththesubjectinnumberandgender,whereas‘ह’agreesinnumberandperson.

म ह maĩhũ: म था / थी maĩtha:/thi:

त ह tu:hai त था / थी tu:tha:/thi:

लडका ह laṛka:hai लडका था laṛka:tha:

लडकी ह laṛki:hai लडकी थी laṛki:thi:

हम ह hamhaĩ हम थ / थी hamthe/thĩ:

तम हो tumho तम थ / थी tumthe/thĩ:

आप ह a:phaĩ आप थ / थी a:pthe/thĩ:

लडक ह laṛkehaĩ लडक थ laṛkethe

लडफकया ह laṛkiyã:haĩ लडफकया थी laṛkiyã:thĩ:

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1.4 Exercise

Filltheappropriateformsofverb‘था’inthefollowingsentences.

समन, तम कल कहा ............................?

म यही ............................ ।

तम लोग कहा ............................ ?

हम सि िाजार म ............................।

दरिाज पर कौन ............................ ?

Unit-II

PatternsIntroduced

(a)Sub+को +object +cha:hie

राम को िल चादहएra:mko phal cha:hieRamneedsfruit

(b)Sub+को +object +Infinitiveformofverb +cha:hie

शीला को गीत गाना चादहएshi:la:+ko gi:t ga:na: cha:hieSheelashouldsingasong

2.0 Text

होटि मhoṭelmẽ

In the HotelReadthefollowing:

मनजर नमसकार, कदहए, म आपकी कया सिा कर सकता ह ?mainejar namaska:r,kahie,maia:pki:kya:seva:karsakta:hũ:?Manager Namaskar,tellmepleasehowcanIhelpyou?

पयमटक मझ एक कमरा चादहए।paryaṭak mujheekkamra:cha:hie.Tourist Iwantaroom.

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मनजर ठछीक ह, कसा कमरा चादहए ?ṭhi:khai,kaisa:kamra:cha:hie?Alright,whattypeofroomdoyouwant?

पयमटक अचछा कमरा चादहए।achchha:kamra:cha:hieIwantagoodroom.

मनजर एक िड का कमरा चादहए या दो िड का ?ekbedka:kamra:cha:hieya:dobedka:?Doyouneedroomwithonebedortwobeds?

पयमटक हम दो लोग ह। डिल िड का दीसजए।hamdologhaĩ.dabalbedka:di:jiye.Wearetwopeople.Sogiveusdoublebedroom.

मनजर ठछीक ह।ṭhi:khaiO.K.

पयमटक फकराया कया ह ?kira:ya:kya:hai?Whatwillbetherent(charges)?

मनजर दखखए, दो तरह क कमर ह, एक का फकराया एक हजार ह और दसर का डढ हजार। dekhie,dotarahkekamrehaĩ.ekka:kira:ya:ekhaza:rhaiaurdu:srekadeṛhhaza:r.Look,we have rooms of two types.The charges for one is one thousandrupeesandfortheotherisonethousandfivehundredrupees.

पयमटक ऐसा कयो ?aisa:kyõ?Whyso?

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मनजर एक म ए.सी. ह, एक म नही।ekmeĩesi:hai,ekmeĩnahĩ:.OneiswithA/candtheotherisnot.

पयमटक ठछीक ह, हम नॉन ए.सी. कमरा चादहए।ṭhi:khai,hamẽnaunesi:kamra:cha:hieokay,giveusanona/croom.

मनजर य लीसजए आपकी चािी।yeli:jiea:pki:cha:bi:.Pleasetakethekey.

2.1 Vocabulary

पयमटक (m.) paryatak tourist

कदहए kahie pleasetellus

सिा (f.) seva: service

तरह tarah type

दसरा du:sra otherone

ऐसा aisa: so

फकराया kira:ya: rent

डढ हजार deṛhhaza:r onethousandfivehundred

दखखए dekhi:e look

चािी (f.) cha:bi: key

2.2 Trytocomprehend:

पयमटक को कया चादहए? paryaṭakkokya:cha:hie? Whatdoesthetouristwant?

पयमटक को कसा कमरा चादहए?

paryaṭak ko kaisa: kamra:cha:hie?

What type of room does thetouristwant?

कमरो म कया अतर ह? kamrõ:mẽkya:antarhai?What is the difference betweenrooms?

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नॉन ए.सी. कमर का फकराया फकतना ह?

naunesi:kamreka:kira:ya:kitnahai?

What is the rent for non-ACroom?

ए.सी. कमर का फकराया फकतना ह?

esi:kamreka:kira:ya:kitna:hai? WhatistherentforACroom?

2.3 Grammar and Structure

Readthefollowing

Subject Object Verb

A) आपको a:pko कया kya:

चादहए cha:hie

मझ mujhe िल phal

उस use रोटी roṭi:

तमह tumhẽ सहायता saha:yata:

तझ tujhe पसा paisa:

उनह unhẽ अचछछी िसल achhchi:fasal

हम hamẽ चाय cha:y

B) लडक को laṛkeko

काम ka:m चादहए cha:hie

लडकी को laṛki:ko

लडको को laṛkõ:ko

लडफकयो को laṛkiyõko

फकसानो को kisa:nõko

औरत को auratko

औरतो को auratõko

• Asyouhaveseenabove, ‘चादहए’ (need) isacommonlyusedverbal formwhichmeansneeded/required.Insuchconstructions,thesubject(nounorpronoun)takesobliqueformwithको. Itmustalsobenoted that चादहए isneveraffectedbynumberorgenderofasubjectorobject,e.g.

1. सीता को पोगल चादहए। Seetawantspongal.si:ta:kopongalcha:hie

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2. रमश को पडी चादहए। Rameshwantsapuri.rameshkopuṛi:cha:hie

3. लडफकयो को पसतक चादहए। Girlswantbooks.laṛkiyõkopustakẽcha:hie

4. हम चीनी चादहए। Weneedsugar.hamẽchi:ni:cha:hie

5. आपको सहायता चादहए। Youneedhelp.a:pkosaha:yata:cha:hie

• Insuchstructurestheobject(noun)canbesubstitutedorsupplementedbytheinfinitive(verb+ ना)also.

Subject+verb(ना)Infinitive+ चादहए

हम पछना चादहए ।Weshouldask.

hamẽpu:chhna:cha:hie

तमह उठना चादहए। Youshouldgetup.tumhẽuṭhna:cha:hie

राधा को (गीत) गाना चादहए।Radhashouldsing(asong)

ra:dha:ko(gi:t)ga:na:cha:hie

शमममला को (पाठ) पढना चादहए। Sharmilashouldread(alesson).sharmila:ko(pa:th)paṛhna:cha:hie

आपको (सिह) उठना चादहए। Youshouldgetup(inthemorning).a:pkosubahuṭhna:cha:hie

उस (रोज) दौडना चादहए।Heshouldrun(daily).

use(roz)dauṛna:cha:hie

रोगी को आराम चादहए।Thepatientshouldtakerest.

rogi:koa:ra:mcha:hie

• Inचादहए, structuresobjectcanalsobefollowedbyaninfinitive(VR+ ना)before चादहए,suchas:

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Sub+को Object Inf. चादहए

राधा को काम करना चादहएRadhashoulddowork.

ra:dha:ko ka:m karna: cha:hie

उसको / उस टतनस खलना चादहएSheshouldplaytennis.

usko/use ṭennis khelna: cha:hie

फकसान को खती करना चादहएThefarmershoulddofarming.

kisa:nko kheti: karna: cha:hie

अधयापक को पाठ पढाना चादहएTeachershouldteachthelesson.

adhya:pakko pa:ṭh parha:na: cha:hie

उनह गाना सनना चादहएTheyshouldlistenmusic.

unhẽ ga:na: sunna: cha:hie

मीता को कविता सननी चादहएMitashouldlistentothepoem.

mi:ta:ko kavita: sunni cha:hie

• Atimedenotingwordmayalsoprecedestheinfinitive+ चादहए

उस सिह उठना चादहए Heshouldgetupinthemorning.use subah uṭhna: cha:hie

तमह रोज दौडना चादहए Youshouldrundaily.tumhẽ roj dauṛna: cha:hie

आपको कल आना चादहए Youshouldcometomorrow.a:pko kal a:na: cha:hie

मझ अभी चलना चादहए Ishouldgonow.mujhe abhi: chalna: cha:hie

टन को दस िज पहचना चादहए Trainshouldreachat10.00o'clockṭrenko dasbaje pahũchna: cha:hie

िस को रात को लौटना चादहए Thebusshouldcomebackinthenight.basko ra:tko lauṭna: cha:hie

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• पसद ह (पसद होना)isaverbalphrasethatmeanstolike.Inthistypeofstructure,thesubjecttakes postposition ‘को’ withwhichwe canuse the objectwith orwithout infinitive asshownbelow.

Sub+को Object Inf पसद ह / ह

मझको / मझmujhko/mujhe

ममठाईmiṭhai:

खानाkha:na:

पसदpasand

हhai

तमको / तमहtumko/tumhẽ

गीतgi:t

गानाga:na:

पसदpasand

ह hai

उसuse

िातba:tẽ

िनानाbana:na:

पसदpasand

हhai

मा कोmã:ko

अगरangu:r

खानाkha:na:

पसद pasand

हhai

महदर कोmahendrako

फकरकटkrikeṭ

खलनाkhelna:

पसदpasand

हhai

सीमा कोsi:ma:ko

शोरshor

करनाkarna:

पसद pasand

हhai

इरिान कोirfa:nko

गगटारgiṭa:r

िजानाbaja:na:

पसदpasand

हhai

मससलिया कोsilviya:ko

िातba:tẽ

करनाkarna:

पसदpasand

हhai

नताजी कोneta:ji:ko

भाषणbhashaṇ

दनाdena:

पसदpasand

हhai

जॉन कोjaunko

चपchup

रहनाrahna:

पसदpasand

हhai

• Youmighthavenoticedthatthesestructurearenotverydifferentfrom‘चादहए’ structure.Onlydifferenceiswesubstitute चादहए byपसद ह।

Itshouldalsobekeptinmindthatthisverbformisnotaffectedbygenderornumberofthesubjectorobject.

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2.4 Exercies

1. Fillintheblanksbyusingthemostappropriateformsofthewordsgiveninbrackets:

i) (maĩ+ko)………………….doa:mcha:hie.

ii) (vo+ko)…………………..ekalma:ri:cha:hie.

iii) (tum+ko)………………….kya:cha:hie?

iv) (ham+ko)…………………subaihuṭhnacha:hie.

v) (ve+ko)…………………..ka:mkarna:cha:hie.

vi) (tu:+ko)…………………..achchha:vetancha:hie.

2. Addpropertimedenotingwordsbeforeinfinitivesinthefollowingsentences.

i) विदयाथसी को…………………पढना चादहए।

ii) आपको…………………टहलना चादहए।

iii) वपताजी को………………..ठहरना चादहए।

iv) तमह……………………आना चादहए।

3. Make10sentenceseachfromthefollowingpatterns.

Sub+को Object infinitive चादहए

Sub+को Object infinitive पसद ह

Unit-III

PatternsIntroduced

(a) VocativeCase Singular Plural

Mas. लडक laṛke लडको laṛko

Feminine लडकी laṛki: लडफकयोlaṛkiyo

(b) Comparison Comparative Superlative

िडा

baṛa:

भारत स िडा दश

bharatsebaṛa:desh

सिस िडा दश

sabsebaṛa:desh

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3.0 Text

Readthefollowing:

शलश! तम कया कर रह हो ?

shailesh!tumkya:karraheho?

Shailesh!whatareyoudoing?

कछ नही वपता जी।

kuchhnahĩ:pita:ji:

Nothingdad.

रशमा, इधर आओ।

reshma:!idhara:o

Reshma!Comehere.

आ रही ह।

a:rahi:hũ:

HereIcome.

िचचो! कया कर रह हो ?

bachcho!kya:karraheho?

Children!Whatareyoudoing?

िट! पसतक पढो।

beṭe!pustakpaṛho

Son,readabook.

महाशय! आप कया चाहत ह ?

maha:shay!a:pkya:cha:htehaĩ?

Sir!whatdoyouwant?

सागथयो! मर पास आओ।

sa:thiõ!merepa:sa:o

Friends!cometome.

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भाइयो और िहनो! भारत हमारा दश ह। हम अपन दश पर गिम ह।bha:iyoaurbaihno!bha:rathama:ra:deshhai.hamẽapnedeshpargarvhai.Brothersandsisters!Indiaisourcountry.Weareproudofourcountry.

3.1 Grammar and Structure

3.1.1 VocativeCase

• In the above sentences underlined words are in vocative case, i.e. when somebody isbeingaddresseddirectly.Vocativecaseisaseparateunitandcanbeplacedanywhereinasentence.Itshouldbeseparatedbyacommaoravocativesign(!).

Notethevocativecaseformsofcertainwords.

VocativeCase

Gender Word Singular Plural

Masculine

िालक ba:lak िालक ba:lak िालको ba:lako

लडका laṛka: लडक laṛke लडको laṛko

कवि kavi कवि kavi कवियो kaviyo

साथी sa:ṭhi: साथी sa:ṭhi: सागथयो sa:thiyo

साध sa:dhu साध sa:dhu साधओ sa:dhuo

नता neta: नता neta: नताओ neta:o

Feminine

माता ma:ta: माता ma:ta: माताओ ma:ta:o

िटी beṭi: िटी beṭi: िदटयो beṭiyo

िह bahu: िह bahu: िहओ bahuo

• Inmasculinesingularonlyआ endingwordsarechangedinए ending,suchasिट, लडक,otherdonotchange.InMasculineandFemininepluraltheysuffixओlike, िहनो, लडको, छातरो etc.TheFemininenounsendingin इ, ईdotakeओbutasoundofयcomesinbetweenanditbecomesयो. Pleasenotethatinthisvocativeformationthelongईoffemininenounsbecomeshortइ.

दिी - दवियो

सखी - सखखयो

िटी - िदटयो

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• In उendingwordslong ऊ becomesshortउbeforesuffixingओ.

mडाक da:ku: डाकओ da:kuo

साध sa:dhu: साधओ sa:dhuo

f िह bahu: िहओ bahuo

• Propernounsdonotchangeinvocative

रमश, इधर आओ। ramesh,idhara:o Ramesh,Comehere

शीला, मरी िात सनो। shi:la:,meri:ba:tsuno Sheela,ListenwhatIsay.

भाई सरज, इस जगाओ। bha:i:su:raj,isejaga: DearSuraj,Pleaseawakethisfellow.

• Thevocativeformisindicatedwiththeobliqueforminsingular(लडक)andinplural(लडको)it loses nasalisation.The plural form ofिचचो, लडफकयो etc. should never be used asaddress.

Obliqueform(pl) vocativeform(pl)

लडको न / को लडको

लडफकयो न / का लडफकयो

िहओ न िहओ

3.1.2 DegreesofComparison

Readthefollowing-

A) मरी मा सदर ह। meri:mã:sundarhai. Mymotherisbeautiful.

B) मा दादी स सदर ह। mã:da:di:sesundarhai.Mother is more beautiful thangrandmother.

C)मा दादी स सदर ह, परत मरी िहन शया सिस सदर ह।

mã: da:di: se sundar hai,lekin meri: bahan shreya:sabsesundarhai.

Mother is more beautiful thangrand mother but my sisterShreyaismostbeautiful.

A) दीपक अचछा खलता ह। di:pakachchha:khelta:hai. Deepakplayswell.

B) दीपक शातन स अचछा खलता ह।

di:pakshantanuseachchha:khelta:hai.

Deepak plays better thanShantanu.

C) दीपक सिस अचछा खलता ह।

di:pak sabse achchha:khelta:hai.

Deepakplaysbestofall.

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• Notethat,inallthethreegroupsabove,sentencemarkedasAaresimplesentenceswhenanadjectiveisusedtoqualifyanoun.InBandC wehavecomparison.InBthiscomparisonistoshowoneisbetterthantheotherandthisiscalledcomparativedegree.InBitistoshowbestofall.Thisiscalledsuperlativedegree.

• Postposition‘स’isusedforcomparisonbetweentwonounsandwhenwecomparewithसि(all)thenitbecomessuperlative,like‘सिस अचछा’

Similarly‘म’isalsousedasdegreemarker,e.g.

शयामा और रमा मरी िहन ह।

shya:ma:aurrama:meri:behanẽhaĩ.

ShaymaandRamaaremysisters

दोनो म शयामा िडी ह। donõmẽshya:ma:baṛi:hai. Shyamaisbiggerofthetwo

उनम सदर कौन ह? unmẽsundarkaunhai? Whoismorebeautifulamongthem?

शयामा उनम सदर ह। shya:ma:unmẽsundarhai. Shyamaismorebeautiful.

असल म, शयामा हम सिम सदर ह।

asal mẽ, shya:ma: ham sabmẽsundarhai

In fact, shyama is most beautifulamongus.

3.2 Exercise

1. Makethreesentencesfromeachofthefollowing.

चादहए, पसद ह, स अचछा, सिस अचछा

cha:hie,pasandhai,seachchha:,sabseachchha:

2. TranslatethefollowinginHindi

1) Whowasthereintheroom?

2) Davidwasthere.

3) Childrenwereintheclass.

4) Ineedsomemoney.

5) Howmuchmoneyyouneed?

6) Youshouldgetupinthemorning

7) Sheshouldnotgo.

8) John,whatdoyouwant?

9) Mother,Ineedsomeclothes.

10) Goldiscostlierthansilver.

11) Diamondismostcostly.

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3. Writedownthevocativecase(address)formsofthefollowinginsingularaswellasplural:

िटी िटी िदटयो

भाई ......................... .........................

अधयापक ......................... .........................

िचचा . ......................... .........................

िटा ......................... .........................

Additional Vocabulary

िाजार ba:za:r market

दरिाजा (m.) darva:za: door

कछ लोग kuchlog somepeople

तततली (f.) titli: butterfly

पररदा (m.) parinda: bird

िगीचा (m.) bagi:cha: garden

अतर (m.) antar difference

खती (f.) kheti: farming

सरकार (f.) sarka:r government

सरकारी sarka:ri: governmental

मदद (f.) madad help

फकसान (m.) kisa:n farmer

औरत (f.) aurat woman

पराठा (m.) para:ṭha: paratha

पडी (f.) pu:ṛi: puri

चीनी (f.) chi:ni: sugar

पछना pu:chhna: toask

उठना uṭhna: togetup

गीत (m.) gi:t song

पाठ pa:ṭh lesson

सिह (f.) subah morning

रोज roj daily

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दौडना dauṛna: torun

रोगी (m.) rogi: patient

अभी abhi: rightnow

नहाना naha:na: tobath

आराम (m.) a:ra:m rest

िचचा (m.) bachcha: child

दश (m.) desh country,nation

साथी (m.) sa:ṭhi: companion

इधर idhar thisway

सरज su:raj sun

कीमती ki:mti: costly

हीरा (m.) hi:ra: diamond

सोना (m.) sona: gold

Let’sCount

61 इकसठ iksaṭh

62 िासठ ba:saṭh

63 ततरसठ tirsaṭh

64 चौसठ chaũsaṭh

65 पसठ paĩsaṭh

66 तछयासठ chhiya:saṭh

67 सडसठ saṛsaṭh

68 अडसठ aṛsaṭh

69 उनहततर unhattar

70 सततर sattar

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RecapitulationInthislessonwehavelearnt:

1. Thepasttenseformofauxiliary/

म / त / िह था / थी

हम / तम / आप / ि थ / थी

2. चादहए, पसद हstructure

राम को चादहए।

जया को नाचना चादहए।

मझ िल चादहए।

मझ आम पसद ह।

3. Vocative/addressform

लडका लडक लडको

लडकी लडकी लडफकयो

4. Comparision

- स सदर

सिस सदर

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Lesson - 12

Unit-I

Thefollowingstructuresareintroducedinthisunit:

Sub

+

Object/Complement

+

Verbroot+ता / त / ती

+

था / थ / थी / थी

म फकरकट खलता था

maĩ krikeṭ khelta: tha:

Iusedtoplaycricket.

1.0 Text

मरा बचपनmera: bachpanMy Childhood

उन ददनो म लखनऊ म रहता था।undinõmaĩlakhnau:mẽrahta:tha:.InthosedaysIusedtoliveinLucknow

ति म दस साल का था। मरा घर एक पाकम क पास था।tabmaĩdassa:lka:tha:.mera:gharekpa:rkkepa:stha:.Iwastenyearsoldatthattime.Myhousewasnearapark.

मरा सकल मर घर स एक फकलोमीटर दर था।mera:sku:lmeregharseekkilomi:ṭardu:rtha:.Myschoolwasonekm.awayfrommyhouse.

म रोज सिह छह िज उठता था और सात िज साइफकल स सकल जाता था।maĩrozsubahchhahbajeuṭhta:tha:aursa:tbajesa:ikilsesku:lja:ta:tha:Iusedtogetupat6'oclockeverydayandgotoschoolbycycleat7o'clock

सकल म पढाई क िाद हम खलत थ।sku:lmẽpaṛha:i:keba:dhamkheltethe.Weusedtoplayafterthestudies.

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खल िाला घटा सि िचचो को िहत पसद था।khelwa:la:ghanṭa:sabbachchõkobahutpasandtha:.Allthechildrenlikedthesportsperiodverymuch.

म खल क घट म िडममटन खलता था।maĩkhelkeghanṭemẽbaidminṭankhelta:tha:.IusedtoplayBadmintonduringthesportshour.

मर पास िडममटन का िदढया िलला था।merepa:sbadminṭonka:baṛhiya:balla:tha:IhadaverygoodBadmintonracket.

हमारा सकल िारहिी ककषा तक था।hama:ra:sku:lba:rahvĩ:kaksha:taktha:Ourschoolwasuptotwelfthstandard.

इस सकल म लगभग एक हजार विदयाथसी पढत थ।issku:lmẽlagbhagekhaza:rvidya:rthi:paṛhtethe.Aboutonethousandstudentsusedtostudyinthisschool.

सकल म एक क टीन भी थी।sku:lmẽekkaĩnṭi:nbhi:thi:.Therewasalsoacanteenintheschool.

क टीन िाला खान पीन की िहत सी चीज िनाता था।kaĩnṭi:nva:la:kha:nepi:neki:bahutsi:chi:zẽbana:ta:tha:.Thecanteenmanusedtopreparelotofsnacks.

िचच िहा ममठाई खरीदत थ या नमकीन / दध लत थ या शरित।bachchevahã:miṭha:i:khari:dtetheya:namki:n/du:dhletetheya:sharbat.Childrenusedtobuyeithersweetsorsnacks/milkorsoftdrink.

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1.1 Vocabulary

िचपन (m.) bachpan childhood

उन ददनो undinõ inthosedays

साल (m.) sa:l year

दर du:r far

उठना uṭhna: togetup/towakeup

पढाई (m.) paṛha:i: study

खलना khelna: toplay(agame/sport)

खलिाला khelwa:la: relatedtosports

िदढया baṛhiya: excellent/topquality

पहला pahla: first

िारहिी ba:rahvĩ: twelfth

लगभग lagbhag approximately

क टीनिाला kaĩnṭi:nva:la: canteenman

चीज (f.) chi:z thing

ममठाई (f.) miṭha:i: sweet

नमकीन (m.) namki:n softy/saltyfood

शरित (m.) sharbat softdrink

1.2 Trytocomprehend:

mera:gharkahã:tha:?

maĩkitnebajeuṭhta:tha:?

merepa:skaisa:balla:tha:?

hama:resku:lmẽkitnevidya:rthi:paṛhtethe?

kaĩnṭi:nva:la:kaisa:kha:na:bana:ta:tha?

1.3. Grammar & Structure

1.3.1 HabitualPast.

ReadandComparethefollowingpairsofsentences-

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लडका आठ िज सकल जाता ह। म सात िज सकल जाता था। laṛka:a:ṭhbajesku:lja:ta:hai. maĩsa:tbajesku:lja:ta:tha:. Theboygoestoschoolat8o'clock. Iusedtogotoschoolat7o'clock.

लडकी सगीत सीखती ह म टतनस खलता था। laṛki:sangi:tsi:khti:hai. maĩṭeniskhelta:tha:. Thegirllearnsmusic. Iusedtoplaytennis.

• Thehabitualpastrepresentsanactionashabituallyorregularlydoneinthepast.Itdoesnotusuallyrefertoaparticularactofthepastnortoanactasgoingoninthepast.Thehabitualpastreferstoageneralroutine.

िह महीन म एक िार मिई जाता था। vahmahi:nemẽekba:rmumbai:ja:ta:tha: HeusedtogotoMumbaionceamonth.

हमार सकल क सामन एक आदमी समोस िचता था। hama:resku:lkesa:mneeka:dmi:samosebechta:tha:. Amanusedtosellsamosasinfrontofourschool.

पहल ससबजया ससती होती थी। pahlesabziyã:sasti:hoti:thĩ: Thevegetablesusedtobecheapearlier.

• Thehabitualpastisformedbycombining‘tha:’था (mas.sing.).‘the’थ (mas.pl.),‘thi:’थी(fem.sing.)and‘thĩ:’थी (fem.pl.)withthepresentparticipleformsoftheverbwhichareaffectedbythenumberandgenderofthesubject.ThepastauxiliariesarenotaffectedbythePersonofthesubject.Forexample:-

Mas.Singular Mas.Plural

Ipersonम जाता था। हम जात थ।maĩja:ta:tha: hamja:tetheIusedtogo. Weusedtogo.

IIPerson

त जाता था। तम जात थ।tu:ja:ta:tha: tumja:tetheyou(intimate)usedtogo. youusedtogo

आप जात थ।a:pja:tethe

you(polite)usedtogo

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IIIpersonयह / िह जाता था। य / ि जात थ।yah/vahja:ta:tha: ye/veja:te:thehe/sheusedtogo. Theyusedtogo

FeminineSingular FemininePlural

Ipersonम जाती थी। हम जाती थी।maĩja:ti:thi: hamja:ti:thĩ:Iusedtogo. Weusedtogo.

IIpersonत जाती थी। तम / आप जाती थी।tu:ja:ti:thi: tum/a:pja:ti:thĩ:youusedtogo. you/theyusedtogo.

IIIpersonयह / िह जाती थी य / ि जाती थी।yah/vahja:ti:thi: ye/voja:ti:thĩ:.he/sheusedtogo. Theyusedtogo.

• TheNegativeisformed,asinthecaseofpresenthabitualwiththehelpofनही‘nahĩ:’buttheauxiliariesथा, थ, थी, थीhoweverarenotomitted.Whereasinthepresenttense,theauxiliarycanbeoptionallydropped.e.g.

Pasthabitual Presenthabitual

पहल म रसी नही िोलता था।pahlemaĩ:ru:si:nahĩ:bolta:tha:IdidnotusetospeakRussianearlier.

अि म रसी नही िोलता (ह)।abmaĩru:si:nahi:bolta:(hũ:)Idon’tspeakRussiannow.

पहल म टतनस नही खलता था।pahlemaĩṭenisnahĩ:khelta:tha:IdidnotplayTennisearlier.

आजकल म टतनस नही खलता।a:jkalmaĩṭenisnahĩ:khelta:Idon'tplayTennisnowadays.

• Thehabitualpastwillnotbecompletewithoutthepastauxiliaryliketha:/the/thi:/thĩ:.Italsoindicatesthattheactiondoesnotoccuranymore.

1.4 Exercise

1. Changethefollowingsentencesasperexample:-

maĩrozsubahdu:dhpi:ta:hũ: maĩrozsubahdu:dhpi:ta:tha:(i) tu:sha:mkokahã:ghu:mti:hai?(ii) vahsa:ikilsesku:lja:ta:hai.

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(iii) hamsubahjaldi:uṭhtehaĩ.(iv) tumgã:vmẽrahtehoya:shaharmẽ?(v) veangrezi:nahĩ:boltehaĩ.

2. Makesentenceswiththehelpoffollowingverbsasperexample:

uṭhna:Òmaĩrozpã:nchbajeuthta:tha:.

khelna:, paṛhna:, bana:na:, sunna:, bolna:

3. Filluptheblankswiththehelpoftheseverbs:

dena:, pi:na:,paṛha:na:,karna:,dekhna:

(i)vahdu:dh..................................................................................................................................

(ii)adhya:pakhindi:.....................................................................................................................

(iii)shi:la:ka:m...............................................................................................................................

(iv)ma:ta:ji:na:tak.........................................................................................................................

(v)pita:ji:hamkopaise................................................................................................................

Unit-II

StructuresIntroduced:

Possession:Subject+kepa:s+Object+hai/tha:

2.0 Readthesentencescarefully:

‘kepa:s’islocativepostpositionwhichmeans‘nextto’or‘closeto’.

मरा घर असपताल क पास ह।

mera:gharaspata:lkepa:shai.

My house is near thehospital.

लाल फकल क पास िहत पराना िाजार ह।

la:l kile ke pa:s bahutpura:na:ba:za:rhai.

There is a very old marketneartheRedFort.

2.1 Kepa:s is alsoused in the senseof possessionof something such as sekreṭari:,ma:li:,naukar,chauki:dar,sṭeno,kutta:etc.Seetheexamples.

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रमश क पास नई गाडी ह।rameshkepa:snai:ga:ṛi:hai.Rameshhasanewcar.

इन िचचो क पास गद नही ह।inbachchõkepa:sgẽdnahĩ:hai.Thesechildrendonothaveaball.

उसकी िहन क पास िहत साडडया ह।uski:bahankepa:sbahutsa:ṛiyã:haĩ.Hissisterhasmanysarees.

मर पास एक कतता ह।merepa:sekkutta:hai.Ihaveadog.

मर पास दो नौकर ह।merepa:sdonaukarhaĩIhavetwoservants.

मर पास एक चौकीदार ह।merepa:sekchauki:da:rhaiIhaveonewatchman.

मर पास दो सटनो ह।merepa:sdosṭenohaĩ.Ihavetwostenographers.

2.2 kepa:sisacompoundpostpositionanditrequiresobliquenoun/pronoun.

Pleasenotethefollowingchanges–

म + क पास maĩ+kepa:s Ò merepa:s Ihave

हम + क पास ham+kepa:s Ò hama:repa:s Wehave

त + क पास tu:+kepa:s Ò terepa:s You(s.)have

आप + क पास a:p+kepa:s Ò a:pkepa:s You(pl.)have

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िह + क पास vah+kepa:s Ò uskepa:s He/she/ithas

यह + क पास yah+kepa:s Ò iskepa:s He/She/Ithas

ि + क पास ve+kepa:s Ò unkepa:s Theyhave

य + क पास ye+kepa:s Ò inkepa:s Theyhave

2.3 The verb in this structure is controlled by the possession (Noun) not by the possessor(subject)e.g.

मर पास एक कलम ह। merepa:sekkalamhai. Ihaveapen

मर पास तीन कलम ह। merepa:sti:nkalamhaĩ:. Ihavethreepens.

उसक पास एक फकताि ह। uskepa:sekkita:bhai. He/Shehasabook.

उसक पास दस फकताि ह। uskepa:sdaskita:bẽhaĩ: He/Shehastenbooks.

2.4 Thepresentauxiliaryverbagreeswiththepossession’snumber(singularorplural)aswellasthepersonwhereasthepastauxiliarytakesthenumberandgenderofthepossession.

इसक पास एक कमरा ह। इसक पास चार कमर ह।iskepa:sekkamra:hai. iskepa:scha:rkamrehaĩ.He/Shehasaroom. He/Shehasfourrooms.

मर पास तम हो। मा क पास म ह।merepa:stumho mã:kepa:smaĩhũ:.Youarewithme. Iamwiththemother.

गचता फकस िात की, आपक पास म ह। िचचा मा क पास ह।chinta:kisba:tki:,a:pkepa:smaĩhũ: bachha:mã:kepa:shai.Youdon’thavetobother,Iamwithyou. Childiswiththemother.

हमार पास एक गाडी थी। उसक पास दो गाडडया थी।hama:repa:sekga:ṛithi:. uskepa:sdoga:ṛiyã:thĩ:.Wehadacar. Hehadtwocars

2.5 kepa:sisalsousedinthesenseof‘to’,e.g.

म डॉकटर क पास जा रहा ह।maĩ: daukṭar ke pa:s ja:raha:hũ:.

IamgoingtotheDoctor.

मर पास मत आओ। merepa:smata:o Don'tcometome.

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Unit-III

PatternsIntroduced

(i)

OridnalNumbersपहली ककषा िारहिी ककषाpahli:kaksha: ba:rahvĩ:kaksha:firstclass twelfthclass

(ii)

Va:la:as

adjectival profession

क टीन िाला चाय िालाkaĩnṭi:nva:la: cha:yva:la:Thecanteenman Theteaseller

(iii)

Conjunction-ya:/athva:दहदी या मराठछी सोमिार को या मगलिार कोhindi:ya:mara:ṭhi: somva:rkoya:mangalva:rkoHindiorMarathi OnMondayorTuesday

3.0 Text

गोपाि का मकानgopa:l ka: maka:n

Gopal’s House

यह गोपाल का मकान ह। इस मकान म कई कमर ह।yahgopalka:maka:nhai.ismaka:nmẽkai:kamrehaĩ.Thisisgopal'shouse.Therearemanyroomsinthishouse.

ऊपर िाल कमर छोट ह। नीच िाल कमर िड ह।u:parwa:lekamrechhoṭehaĩ.ni:cheva:lekamrebaṛehaĩ.Theroomsupstairsaresmallones.Theroomsdownstairsarebig.

पहला कमरा िठक ह। दसरा कमरा गोपाल का ह।pahla:kamra:baiṭhakhai.du:sra:kamra:gopa:lka:hai.Thefirstroomislivingroom.ThesecondroombelongstoGopal.

तीसरा उसकी िहन का ह। चौथा कमरा उसक माता-वपता का ह।ti:sra:uski:bahanka:hai.chautha:kamra:uskema:ta:pita:ka:hai.Thethird(room)ishissister’s.Thefourthroombelongstohisparents.

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मकान क सामन एक िगीचा ह। िगीच म तीन-चार िलिाल पड ह।maka:nkesa:mneekbagi:cha:hai.bagi:chemẽti:n-cha:rphalwa:lepeṛhaĩ.Thereisagardeninfrontofthehouse.Therearethreetofourfruittreesinthegarden.

गोपाल क घर क पास एक दधिाला रहता ह।gopa:lkegharkepa:sekdu:dhwa:la:rahta:hai.AmilkmanlivesnearGopal'shouse.

उसक पास िहत गाय ह और िह दध िचता ह।uskepa:sbahutga:ẽhaĩaurvahdu:dhbechta:hai.Hehasalotofcowsandhesellsmilk.

गोपाल रोज दध पीता ह या दही खाता ह।gopa:lrozdu:dhpi:ta:haiya:dahi:kha:ta:hai.Gopaldrinksmilkdailyoreatscurd.

3.1 Vocabulary

मकान (m.) maka:n house/flat

कई kai: many

ऊपर िाला u:parwa:la theupstairsone

नीच िाला ni:chewa:la: thedownstairsone

िगीचा (m.) bagi:cha: garden

पहला pahla: first

दसरा du:sra: second

तीसरा ti:sra: third

चौथा chautha: fourth

दधिाला du:dhva:la: milkman

गाय (f.) ga:y cow

िचना bechna: tosell

दही (m.) dahi: curd

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3.2 Trytocomprehend:

1. gopa:lkemaka:nmẽkitnekamrehaĩ?

2. gopa:lkema:ta:-pita:ka:kamra:kaunsa:hai?

3. bagi:chemẽkaisepeṛhaĩ?

4. du:dhva:la:kahã:rahta:tha:?

5. du:dhva:la:kahã:sedu:dhla:ta:tha:?

3.3 Grammar and Structure

3.3.1 िाला (va:la:)construction

(i) va:la isusedwithnouns in the senseofagency/ownership.Thederivedwordsarealsonouns.e.g.

अखिार िाला akhba:rva:la newspaperman

सबजी िाला sabzi:va:la: vegetableseller

टकसी िाला ṭaixi:va:la: taximan/driver

• Pleasenotethat‘va:la:’takesindirectnoun.e.g.

ररकश िाला riksheva:la: rikshawpuller

मछो िाला mu:chhõva:la: themanwithmoustache

(ii) va:la:asadjectivemarker

ऊपर िाला मकान u:parva:la:maka:n Theupperhouse

पीछ िाली खखडकी pi:chheva:li:khiṛki: Therearwindow.

• Inaccordancewiththenumberandgenderofthesubject,‘va:la:’changesto‘va:le’and‘va:li:’

Mas.Sing. Fem.Sing. M.Plural

दधिाला du:dhva:la: दधिाली du:dhva:li: दधिाल du:dhva:le

अखिारिाला akhba:rva:la: अखिारिाली akhba:rva:li: अखिारिाल akhba:rva:le

चायिाला cha:yva:la: चायिाली cha:yva:li: चायिाल cha:yva:le

पानिाला pa:nva:la: पानिाली pa:nva:li: पानिाल pa:nva:le

(iii) ‘pahla:’, ‘du:sra:’, ‘ti:sra:’ - theordinalnumbersareadjectivesand theybehaveas‘a:’endingadjectivesdecliningfornumber&genderofthequalifyingnoun.e.g.

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पहली ककषा=

पहली ककषा मpahli:kaksha: pahli:kaksha:mẽfirstclass Inthefirstclass

पहला कमरा=

पहल कमर मpahla:kamra: pahlekamremẽfirstroom Inthefirstroom

• Theordinalnumbersarederivedfromcordinalnumbers–

एक ek - pahla first दो do - du:sra: second तीन ti:n - ti:sra: third चार cha:r - chautha: fourth पाच pã:ch - pã:chvã: fifth छह chhah - chhaṭha: sixth सात sa:t - sa:tvã: seventh

andthenthenumberstake'vã:asasuffixlike– आठ a:ṭh→a:ṭhvã:-eighth

नौ nau→navã: -ninth

दस das→dasvã:-tenth

Additional Vocabulary

गद (f.) gẽd ball

साडी (f.) sa:ṛi: Indiandressofwomen

सगीत (m.) sangi:t music

समोसा (m.) samosa aparticularstuffedsnack

सबजी (f.) sabzi vegetable

ससता sasta: cheap

घमना ghu:mna towalk

माली (m.) ma:li: gardener

नौकर (m.) naukar servant

चौकीदार (m.) chauki:da:r watchman

सटनो sṭeno stenographer

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Let’sCount

71 इकहततर ikhattar

72 िहततर bahattar

73 ततहततर tihattar

74 चौहततर chauhattar

75 पचहततर pachhattar

76 तछहततर chhihattar

77 सतहततर sathattar

78 अठहततर aṭhhattar

79 उनासी una:si:

80 अससी assi:

Exercise

A. Answerthefollowingquestions:-

1. a:pkagharkahã:hai?

2. a:pkepa:skitni:kitabẽhaĩ?

3. kya:a:pkepita:ji:kepa:sga:ṛi:hai?

4. kya:a:pda:kṭarkepa:sja:tehaĩ?

5. a:pkesku:l/ka:lejkepa:skya:hai?

B. Completethesentenceswiththehelpofordinalnumbers–

(i) mera:daftar……………………...manzilparhai(10)

isgharke……………………...kamremẽcha:rkhiṛkiyã:haĩ.(2)

irfa:nṭi:mka:……………………...khila:ṛi:hai.(12)

C. Usetheappropriateformof'va:la'inthesentencesgivenbelow:

(i) ……………………...maida:nmẽbachchekheltehaĩ. (sa:mne)

(ii) ……………………...rozhama:regharsabzi:la:ti:thi: (sabzi)

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RecapitulationInthislessonyouhavelearntthefollowingstructures:

Pasthabitual sku:lmẽmaĩṭeniskhelta:tha:Locativepostposition-kepa:s mera:gharba:za:rkepa:shaiPossession-kepa:s uslaṛkekepa:ssa:ikilhaiKepa:sas‘to’ mari:zda:kṭarkepa:sja:tehaĩ

Differentusagesofva:la: Sabzi:va:li:,u:parwa:la:Ordinalnumbers pahla:,du:sra:Conjuctya:/athva: cha:yya:/athva:kaufi:

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Please read your lessons carefully before answering the Response Sheets.

Student on : .............................

Directorate on : ..............................R.S. received by the

परापरााक Marks

9 ....... / 20 10 ....... / 20 11 ....... / 20 12 ....... / 20

पतराचरार पराठयकरम विभरागDEPARTMENT OF CORRESPONDENCE COURSES

क दरीय हिादरी निदशरालयCentral Hindi Directorate

हिादरी सह टिफिक पराठयकरम (अागजी मराधयम)CERTIFICATE COURSE IN HINDI (English Medium)

उतर पत 9-12 Response Sheets 9-12

Please always quote your roll No. iN all corresPoNdeNce with us

कपया छातर अपना रोल नबर एव पता नीच ललख।Fill up the Following in block letters

रोल न /roll no.

छातर की मातभाषा Mother tongue of the student

.................................

क./शीमती/शी / kum./smt./shri .................................................................................................................

पता / postal Address .................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................

........................................................ पपन / pin

मलयाकन क ललए उततर पतर इस पत पर भज : Filled-in response sheets are to be sent to :

उप निदशकपतराचरार पराठयकरम विभरागका दरीय हिादरी निदशरालयपशचमी खाड-VIIररामकषणपरमिई हदललरी-110066 (भरार)

The Deputy Director

Dept. of Correspondence Courses

Central Hindi Directorate

West Block VII

Rama Krishna Puram

New Delhi - 110066 [INDIA]

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उततर पतर Response Sheet

}9Exercise IChange the structure of sentences according to the given subject as in the example:

Model: म सब खरारा ि । (शखर)

शखर सब खरारा ि।

1. मरा कपड धोी ि। (लडफकयरा)

..................................................................

2. वपराजी अखबरार पढ ि। (म)

..................................................................

3. फकसराि खी कररा ि। (ि)

..................................................................

4. मोिि हिादरी जरािरा ि। (आप)

..................................................................

5. बचच दस बज सो जरा ि। (मरा)

..................................................................

6. िि आम खरारा ि। (म)

..................................................................

7. म मदराि म कसर कररा ि। (िि)

..................................................................

Exercise IIFill up the blanks with appropriate present tense form of the following verbs. Pick the right verb for each sentence. The verb form should agree with the number, gender and person of the subject.

(उठ, खल, पढ, जरा, पी, सो)1. मोिि दस बज कॉलज जरारा ि।

2. रिमराि शराम को मदराि म ......................... ।

3. वपराजी हिादरी अखबरार ......................... ।

2

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4. सरलरा ररा को दस बज ......................... ।

5. म सबि फकि बज ......................... ?

6. कयरा आप ररा को चराय ......................... ?

Exercise IIIRead the time marked on the clocks and write down in words and figures, as shown.

12.30 सराढ बरारि

09.15 सिरा िौ

…………………. .................................

…………………. .................................

…………………. .................................

…………………. .................................

3

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Exercise IV Make questions to get the given answers.

Q.: .......................................................................

Ans.: म पशसल स शलखी ि।

Q.: .......................................................................

Ans.: िि बस स जराी ि।

Q.: .......................................................................

Ans.: वपराजी िौ बज सो ि।

Q.: .......................................................................

Ans.: मोिि बलरा बजरारा ि।

Q.: .......................................................................

Ans.: िि शोर कररा ि।

Exercise V Choose either ‘स’ or ‘क’ to fill in the blanks.

1. िि घर ............................... चली ि।

2. आप माहदर ............................... जराइए।

3. म पराच बज ............................... पढरा ि।

4. दस बज ............................... म आपक घर आरा ि।

5. सरा बज ............................... आठ बज ............................... पहढए।

6. हदललरी म अगस ............................... िषराटि िोी ि।

Exercise VI Answer the following questions:

1. म कयरा खरा िो? ....................................................................................................

4

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2. आप किरा रि ि? ....................................................................................................

3. िि कब सोरा ि?

....................................................................................................

4. शीलरा कयरा पढी ि?

....................................................................................................

Exercise VII Change the structure as given in the example.

Model: i) म पढरा ि।

ii) म शलखरा ि।

म पढकर शलखरा ि।

1. i) म खराी ि।

ii) म सोी ि।

....................................................................................................

2. i) दरादराजी दफर स लौ ि।

ii) ि आरराम कर ि।

....................................................................................................

3. i) मरा सबि उठी ि।

ii) मरा खरािरा बिराी ि।

....................................................................................................

4. i) ि ििरा ि।

ii) ि कपड पिि ि।

....................................................................................................

5. i) िि पढरा ि।

ii) िि जरारा ि।

....................................................................................................

5

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6. i) रमरा खली ि।

ii) रमरा लौी ि।

....................................................................................................

7. i) िौकर बराजरार जरारा ि।

ii) िि सबजी खररीदरा ि।

....................................................................................................

Exercise VIIITransform the following sentences according to the model given.

Model: म चराय पीरा ि। म चराय ििरीा पीरा।1. कयरा म बराजरार जरा िो? ...........................................................

2. सीरा परािी लराी ि। ...........................................................

3. वपराजी बराग म िल ि। ...........................................................

4. िम सराडी खररीद ि। ...........................................................

5. मराराजी अखबरार पढी ि। ...........................................................

Exercise IXRead the following narration. Here the subject is in first person ‘म’. Change the subject into third person ‘िि’ and the verb forms accordingly where necessary.

म सबि दर स उठरा ि। उठकर िराथ-पर-मि धोरा ि। बरश कररा ि। फिर सर करि जरारा ि। लौकर ििरारा ि और ििराकर िरारा कररा ि। म िरा म िल िरी खरारा ि।.................................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................

6

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Comments & Instructions

1. Improvements needed

(a) Spellings

(b) Grammar Points

(c) Structures

2. General assessment of the performance.

Excellent Very good Good Fair Poor (Needs improvement)

Name of the Evaluator Signature of the Evaluator with date

7

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उततर पतर Response Sheet

}10Exercise IMatch column 1 with column 2 and write down 5 sentences.

िििममिमआप

पढरा िशलखरा िखल िगरा िो

......................................................................................

......................................................................................

......................................................................................

......................................................................................

......................................................................................

Exercise IILink the following measurements with arrow marks.

सिरा 5.25

डढ 8.75

सराढ ीि 2.50

सिरा पराच 3.50

पौि िौ 0.75

ढराई 1.50

पौि 1.25

Exercise IIIComplete the sentences using रिरा / रिरी / रि + ि / ि / ि / िो1. जिराज उड .........................................................

2. यरामरा पढ .........................................................

8

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3. म िस .........................................................

4. जरा .........................................................

5. म पी .........................................................

6. शीलरा गरा .........................................................

Exercise IVWrite ten appropriate sentences after adding ‘को’.

वपरा जी

म + कोिि + कोबिि + कोम + कोअिसर + कोि + को + को

पतिलकलम

शलख रि िद रि ि

.........................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................

Exercise VMake questions to get the following answers:

Q.: ......................................................................................

Ans.: अभी दस बज ि।

9

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Q.: ......................................................................................

Ans.: वपराजी पत शलख रि ि।

Q.: ......................................................................................

Ans.: धीरज घर पर ि।

Q.: ......................................................................................

Ans.: शीलरा कपड सखरा रिरी ि।

Q.: ......................................................................................

Ans.: िि आम खरा रिरा ि।

Exercise VIAnswer the following questions with the help of words given in the brackets.

1. शीलरा कयरा कर रिरी ि ?

शीलरा .................................................................................... (सो)

2. शीलरा कब उठी ि ?

शीलरा ................................................................................. (छि बज)

3. धीरज कयरा कर रिरा ि ?

धीरज ................................................................................... (िल)

4. सरास कयरा कर रिरी ि ?

...................................................................................... (पजरा)

5. चराय कौि लरा रिरी ि ?

...................................................................................... (बि)

Exercise VIIChange the verb forms so as it matches with the subject.

Model: म माबई जरा रिरा ि।

1. म माबई ......................................................................................

2. िि माबई ......................................................................................

3. आप माबई ......................................................................................

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4. ि माबई ......................................................................................

5. लडफकयरा माबई ......................................................................................

6. िम माबई ......................................................................................

7. माबई ......................................................................................

Exercise VIIIChange the sentences as directed.

Model: घोडरा दौडरा ि। घोडरा दौड रिरा ि।1. वपराजी घर आ ि।

.............................................................

2. म आम खरारा ि।

.............................................................

3. शीलरा दध िरी पीी ि।

.............................................................

4. आप घर कब जरा ि?

.............................................................

5. बि परराठ बिराी ि।

.............................................................

6. ि थोडी दर म आ ि।

.............................................................

7. म कयरा पढ िो?

.............................................................

Exercise IXTransform the following sentences by substituting the underlined with the given words in the brackets and changing the verb form accordingly.

Model: ररािल खल रिरा ि। (सतयरा)

सतयरा खल रिरी ि।

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1. म आम खरा रिरा ि । (मरा)

...................................................................................................

2. दरादरी री.िी. दख रिरी ि । (दरादरा जी)

...................................................................................................

3. िरागपर कब जरा रिरा ि ? (म)

...................................................................................................

4. िम चराय पी रि ि। (आप)

...................................................................................................

5. रशमरा सराडी खररीद रिरी ि। (लडफकयरा)

...................................................................................................

Exercise XTransform the following sentences according to the model given.

Model: रराधरा सो रिरी ि। रराधरा ििरीा सो रिरी ि।

1. िौकर खरािरा बिरा रिरा ि। .............................................................................

2. इस समय बराररश िो रिरी ि। .............................................................................

3. कमलरा खखडकी स दख रिरी ि। .............................................................................

4. ि रडडयो सि रि ि। .............................................................................

5. कयरा म पण जरा रि िो? .............................................................................

Comments & Instructions

1. Improvements needed

(a) Spellings

12

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(b) Grammar Points

(c) Structures

2. General assessment of the performance.

Excellent Very good Good Fair Poor (Needs improvement)

Name of the Evaluator Signature of the Evaluator with date

13

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उततर पतर Response Sheet

}11Exercise ISelect appropriate form from the box and complete the sentences.

थरा, थ, थीा, थी

1. सरश म कल किरा ................... ?

2. चराय गरम ििरीा ................... ।

3. म घर म िरी ................... ।

4. कयरा आम मीठरा ................... ?

5. आप बराजरार म ................... ।

6. म सब किरा ................... ?

7. िम ख म ................... ।

8. दरिराज पर एक शभखराररि ................... ।

9. अलमराररी खलरी ................... ।

Exercise IIFill up the blanks with suitable words.

1. आज दो राररीख ि। कल ....................................... राररीख थी।

2. आज सोमिरार ि। कल ....................................... थरा।

3. आज सरा राररीख ि। परसो ....................................... थी।

4. आज बधिरार ि। परसो ....................................... थरा।

5. आज शनििरार ि। कल ....................................... थरा।

6. मोिि आज ठीक ि। मोिि कल ....................................... थरा।

7. इस समय दफर खलरा ि। सबि दफर ....................................... थरा।

Exercise IIIRead lesson ‘िोल म’ and answer the following questions.

14

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1. पयटि क को कयरा चराहिए?

..............................................................

2. पयटि क को कसरा कमररा चराहिए?

..............................................................

3. कयरा पयटि क को ए.सी. िरालरा कमररा चराहिए?

..............................................................

4. पयटि क को फकि बड िरालरा कमररा चराहिए?

..............................................................

Exercise IVMake sentences as shown in example.

Model गराय / घरास गराय को घरास चराहिए।

1. म / पसक ....................................................................................

2. म / साररा ....................................................................................

3. मरा / आरराम ....................................................................................

4. वपराजी / दिरा ....................................................................................

5. आप / रपयरा ....................................................................................

6. ि / छट री ....................................................................................

7. मररा भराई / िौकररी ....................................................................................

Exercise VTransform the following sentences on the pattern of the model. In the transformed sentence, the verb should agree with the object.

Model: म यिरा बीडी म वपओ। मि यिरा बीडी ििरीा पीिी चराहिए।

1. म चचा रा (f.s.) म करो। .........................................................................

2. म दसरो की चीज (f.p.) म छीिो। .........................................................................

3. म दध (m.s.) म वपओ। .........................................................................

4. म यि बरा (f.s.) उस म बराओ। .........................................................................

15

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5. म कचची रोरी (f.s.) म खराओ। .........................................................................

6. म गाद कपड (m.s.) म पििो। .........................................................................

7. म बरासी खरािरा (m.p.) म खराओ। .........................................................................

Exercise VITransform the ‘चराहिए’ form of sentences into ‘पसाद ि’ form.

Model: मझ आम मझ आम पसाद ि।

1. दरीदरी को पसक चराहिए। ...................................................................................

2. मध को गरािरा चराहिए। ...................................................................................

3. िीलम को िराचिरा चराहिए। ...................................................................................

4. मि पडडयरा चराहिए। ...................................................................................

5. उनि मरार चराहिए। ...................................................................................

6. मरा को अमरद चराहिए। ...................................................................................

7. बचच को सोिरा चराहिए। ...................................................................................

8. वपराजी को िलिरा चराहिए। ...................................................................................

Exercise VIIMake 10 sentences using one word from each colums of the table.

शीलरा

ररामि

िि

को

कमररा

परराठरा

िोि

रीिी

सराडी

चराहिए

पसाद ि

.........................................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................................

16

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.........................................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................................

Comments & Instructions

1. Improvements needed

(a) Spellings

(b) Grammar Points

(c) Structures

2. General assessment of the performance.

Excellent Very good Good Fair Poor (Needs improvement)

Name of the Evaluator Signature of the Evaluator with date

17

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उततर पतर Response Sheet

}12Exercise IMake adjectives adding ‘िरालरा’ with the given nouns.

सराइफकल सराइफकलिरालरा कलरा कलिरालरा

शमठराई .......................... डडबबरा ..........................

चराय .......................... बललरा ..........................

करार .......................... परराठरा ..........................

दध .......................... रालरा ..........................

दिरी .......................... कपडरा ..........................

सबजी .......................... पडरा ..........................

Exercise IIChange the structure in the past tense as directed.

Model: म खलरा ि। म खलरा थरा।

1. रमश खलरा ि। ..........................................................................................

2. शीलरा िसी ि। ..........................................................................................

3. मरगि शलखरा ि। ..........................................................................................

4. म बोल िो। ..........................................................................................

5. िि शलखी ि। ..........................................................................................

6. आप कि ि। ..........................................................................................

7. ि खल ि। ..........................................................................................

8. रराधरा िराची ि। ..........................................................................................

9. कषण मरलरी बजरारा ि। ..........................................................................................

10. िम गरा ि। ..........................................................................................

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Exercise IIIChange the following sentences in negative formation:

Model: म िबराल खलरा ि । म िबराल ििरीा खलरा ।

1. पडोसी लड ि। .................................................

2. बचचरा सबि दध पीरा ि। .................................................

3. बक दो बज बाद िोरा ि। .................................................

4. म सबि उठी िो। .................................................

5. कयरा ि अागजी जराि ि ? .................................................

Exercise IVWrite down the number names and their ordinal (serial order) forms of the following numbers as shown in the example.

1 एक पिलरा

2 ..................... .....................

3 ..................... .....................

4 ..................... .....................

5 ..................... .....................

6 ..................... .....................

7 ..................... .....................

8 ..................... .....................

9 ..................... .....................

10 ..................... .....................

Exercie VIICorrect the following sentences using appropriate form of ‘अपिरा’ in place of underline words.

1. म मिरार भराई को बलराओ।

....................................................................................................................

2. म मर दोस क सराथ जरा रिरा ि।

....................................................................................................................

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3. म मिराररा िराम बराओ।

....................................................................................................................

4. म मररी मरा क सराथ खराी ि।

....................................................................................................................

5. आप आपकी फकराब हदखराइए।

....................................................................................................................

Exercise VTranslate the following sentences into Hindi.

1. He goes to school.

....................................................................................................................

2. Call that fruit seller.

....................................................................................................................

3. This is my own book.

....................................................................................................................

4. I am going home.

....................................................................................................................

5. He used to read Ramayana.

....................................................................................................................

6. Show me your book.

....................................................................................................................

Exercise VIIConstruct two sentences each as shown in the example.

Model: हिादरी – पाजराबी – पढ

(i) हिादरी पढो यरा पाजराबी (ii) हिादरी अथिरा पाजराबी पहढए।

1. सोमिरार – मागलिरार – जरा

(i) ...............................................................................................................

(ii) ...............................................................................................................

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2. दध – चराय – पी

(i) ...............................................................................................................

(ii) ...............................................................................................................

3. ठाडरा - गरम - खरा

(i) ...............................................................................................................

(ii) ...............................................................................................................

4. चराय – कॉिी – ल

(i) ...............................................................................................................

(ii) ...............................................................................................................

5. बस – करार – आ

(i) ...............................................................................................................

(ii) ...............................................................................................................

Exercise VIIITransform the following sentences as shown in the model using appropriate adverbs like पिल, उि हदिो, 1996 म, बचपि म etc.

Model: म गराि म रिरा ि। पिल म गराि म रिरा थरा।1. उदयपर म गमथी पडी ि।

...................................................................................................................

2. आशरा गरािरा गराी ि।

...................................................................................................................

3. सशील सबि उठकर कसर कररा ि।

...................................................................................................................

4. िॉसल म खरािरा अचछरा शमलरा ि।

...................................................................................................................

5. रमश शिर म रिरा ि।

...................................................................................................................

21

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Comments & Instructions

1. Improvements needed

(a) Spellings

(b) Grammar Points

(c) Structures

2. General assessment of the performance.

Excellent Very good Good Fair Poor (Needs improvement)

Name of the Evaluator Signature of the Evaluator with date

22

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5. Excuse me please. (कषमरा करिरा)

..................................................................................................................................

Exercise VISelect the correct intensifiers from दिरा, लिरा and जरािरा to complete the following sentences:

1. मररी बरी ि अपिी सिलरी को फकराब द .................................................।

2. शील िमशरा समय पर कराम कर ..........................................................।

3. अगल िफ सभी मिमराि आ ................................................................।

4. अधयरापक ि विदयराचथटियो को सिराल समझरा ..............................................।

5. िम लोग आज ररा को रलगराडी म सो .....................................................।

Exercise VIIComplete the following sentences with the Hindi equivalents of the English expressions given in the brackets.

Model: रागि को थोडी दर ............... । (allow to take rest)

रागि को थोडी दर आरराम करि दो।

1. म आज िरापस जरािरा चरािरा ि, .......... (let me complete the work)

..................................................................................................................................

2. सरलरा बरािर ििरीा जरािरा चरािी, .......... (let her remain in Delhi)

..................................................................................................................................

3. िम सराइफकल चलरािरा ििरीा आरा, .......... (let us go on foot)

..................................................................................................................................

4. आज छट री ि, .......... (let us watch the film)

..................................................................................................................................

5. बचच की बीय ठीक ि, .......... (let him eat ice cream)

..................................................................................................................................

19

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Comments & Instructions

1. Improvements needed

(a) Spellings

(b) Grammar Points

(c) Structures

2. General assessment of the performance.

Excellent Very good Good Fair Poor (Needs improvement)

Name of the Evaluator Signature of the Evaluator with date

20