Lesson V

Genitive Case

cibus

cibi

m.

food

copia

copiae

f.

supply, abundance

cura

curae

f.

worry, care, concern

forma

formae

f.

shape

numerus

numeri

m.

number

regina

reginae

f.

queen

clarus, clara, clarum

clear, famous

planus, plana, planumlevel, flat

Identifying 1st and 2nd Declension Nouns

• All nouns belong to one of the five declensions.

• That declension is their “family.”• The noun will always use the endings of their

declension---and only their declension.• Nouns will not change declension.

How to tell???

• 1st declension nouns have –AE in their genitive singular.

• 2nd declension nouns have –I in their genitive singular.

• Genitive singular: the second part of the dictionary entry.

• aqua, aquae (f.)---water• carrus, carri (m.)---cart

Practice!

• insula, insulae• carrus, carri• ancilla, ancillae• amicus, amici• templum, templi• luna, lunae• agricola, agricolae• vir, viri

• FIRST• SECOND• FIRST• SECOND• SECOND• FIRST• FIRST• SECOND

cibus

cibi

m.

food

copia

copiae

f.

supply, abundance

cura

curae

f.

worry, care, concern

forma

formae

f.

shape

numerus

numeri

m.

number

regina

reginae

f.

queen

clarus, clara, clarum

clear, famous

planus, plana, planumlevel, flat

King NounRuler of every person, place and thing.

He had 5 daughters. Each one was special!

The Noun Kingdom

Naomi Nominative Naomi was first in the hearts of her

subjects.

The Noun Kingdom

Naomi

What we can learn from Naomi Nominative!• The nominative case ending is used for

subjects.• Subjects usually come first in a sentence, both

in English word order and Latin word order.• Aqua est clara. The water is clear.• Puellae equum amant. The girls like the

horse.• Servus aquam portat. The slave carries the

water.• Carri sunt magni. The carts are large.

Naomi Nominative Naomi was first in the hearts of her

subjects.

The Noun Kingdom

Naomi

Angie AccusativeObject of every prince’s affection!

Despite her beauty, Angie was very humble and usually took a place at the

end of the line.

The Noun Kingdom

I love Angie!

I love Angie!

What we can learn from Angie Accusative!• The accusative case ending is used for direct

objects.• Direct objects usually come at the end of an

English sentence…but in Latin, they’re usually in the middle.

• Puellae equum amant. The girls like the horse.

• Servus aquam portat. The slave carries the water.

Angie AccusativeObject of every prince’s affection!

Despite her beauty, Angie was very humble and usually took a place at the

end of the line.

The Noun Kingdom

I love Angie!

I love Angie!

Gina GenitiveVery Possessive OF her Possessions!

The Noun Kingdom

All MINE!!

What We Can Learn About Gina Genitive!• The genitive case ending is used to show

possession.• Genitives can be translated with ‘s, s’, or the

word OF.• IF YOU TRANSLATE GENITIVES WITH “OF” YOU

WILL ALWAYS GET THE RIGHT ANSWER.• REPEAT: IF YOU TRANSLATE GENITIVES WITH

“OF” YOU WILL ALWAYS GET THE RIGHT ANSWER!!!

Gina Genitive, cont’d!

• equus puellae (the horse of the girl; OR, the girl’s horse)

• aqua agricolarum (the water of the farmers, OR, the farmers’ water)

Case Singular PluralNominative (subject) a aeGenitive (“of”) ae arumDative ae isAccusative (direct obj.) am asAblative a is

Gina Genitive, cont’d!

• aqua equi (the water of the horse, OR, the horse’s water)

• cibus equorum (the food of the horses, OR, the horses’ food)

Case Sg. Pl.Nom. (subject) us iGen. (“of”) i orumDat. o isAcc. (direct obj.) um osAbl. o is

Let’s practice!

• the mother of the girls (the girls’ mother)• the girl’s book (the book of the girl)• the wheels of the carts (the carts’ wheels)• the driver of the cart (the cart’s driver)• puellarum• puellae• carrorum• carri

Case Sg. Pl.Gen. (“of”) ae arumGen. (“of”) i orum

Let’s practice!

• fama equorum• vita agricolae• numerus insularum• cibus Romanorum• pupa (doll) puellae• cibus servi• fortunam reginarum

• The fame of the horses• The life of the farmer• The number of the islands• The food of the Romans• The doll of the girl• The food of the slave• The fortune of the

queens

Word Study:Latin phrases and abbreviations used in English

• i.e. (id est)• e.g. (exempli gratia)• etc. (et cetera)• cf. (confer)• magna cum laude• in loco parentis• carpe diem• Magna Carta

• that is…• for example• and the rest, and so forth• compare• with great praise, honor• in place of a parent• seize the day (i.e., enjoy the

moment)• The Great Paper, the document

signed in 1215 that is one of the cornerstones of English civil liberties