Lesson VIII

Ablative of Place WhereAblative of Means

iniuria, iniuriae (f.)

injustice, wrong, injury

memoria, memoriae (f.)

memory

poena, poenae (f.)

punishment, penalty

provincia, provinciae (f.)

province

pugna, pugnae (f.)

fight, battle

victoria, victoriae (f.)

victory

incito, incitare, incitavi, incitatus

excite, stir up, incite

occupo, occupare, occupavi, occupatus

seize (hold of)

pugno, pugnare, pugnavi, pugnatus

fight

servo, servare, servavi, servatus

save, guard

Abby AblativeAbby was the baby of the family. She was

always IN things, UNDER things, and crawling FROM room to room. Like many small children, she could also be MEAN to

her siblings!

The Noun Kingdom

Ablative EndingsCase Singular PluralNominative (subject) a aeGenitive (“of”) ae arumDative (“to”/ “for”) ae isAccusative (direct obj.) am asAblative a is

Case Sg. Pl.Nom. (subject) us iGen. (“of”) i orumDat. (“to”/ “for”) o isAcc. (direct obj.) um osAbl. o is

Awesome Ablatives!

• The ABLATIVE case has many uses.• There are as many as 15 uses for the

ablative.• Today we’ll learn 2: ablative of place

where and ablative of means.

Ablative of Place Where• A very long name for a very easy concept!• Use the ablative case after the Latin word

IN.• “in” can mean “in” or “on” depending on

the context• Where is the boat? in aqua• Where is the girl? in casa• Where is the sailor? in undis• Where is the farmer? in equo• Where is the queen? in carro

iniuria, iniuriae (f.)

injustice, wrong, injury

memoria, memoriae (f.)

memory

poena, poenae (f.)

punishment, penalty

provincia, provinciae (f.)

province

pugna, pugnae (f.)

fight, battle

victoria, victoriae (f.)

victory

incito, incitare, incitavi, incitatus

excite, stir up, incite

occupo, occupare, occupavi, occupatus

seize (hold of)

pugno, pugnare, pugnavi, pugnatus

fight

servo, servare, servavi, servatus

save, guard

Ablative of Means

• An ablative word can be used to express the instrument or means by which a person does something.

• This is called the ablative of means.• In English, we have to say “by…” or

“with…” to express the same thing.

Ablative of Means

How does a cook stir the soup?

with a spoon

Ablative of Means

How does the baseball player hit the ball?

with a bat

Ablative of Means

How does the child color the picture?

with crayons

Ablative of Means

• The phrases with a spoon, with a bat, with crayons would be ablatives of means in Latin.

• The ablative of means does NOT use a Latin word for “with.” You have to add it in the English.

• This is similar to how genitives use “of” and datives use “to” even though those words aren’t written in the Latin, either.

Examples!

• Cibum carro portamus.• We carry the food with a cart.

• Romani Siciliam pugnis occupant.• The Romans seize Sicily by battles.

Wait a Minute…How Can I Tell?

• You’ll notice some endings are the same for dative and ablative.

• Remember: an ablative of means is usually a THING, not a person or animal.

• If there’s a light bulb verb in the sentence (giving, showing, telling), then it may be a dative like we learned earlier.

Things to Take Away from Today’s Lesson• Ablatives use the endings –a, -o, and –is.• Ablatives can show place where after the

word in.• Ablatives can show “by means of” without

using a word for “with” or “by.”• Puella est in casa. The girl is in the

house.• Puella vitam equi cibo servat. The girl

saves the life of the horse with food.

pugno, pugnare, pugnavi, pugnatus

fight

provincia, provinciae (f.)

province

memoria, memoriae (f.)

memory

poena, poenae (f.)

punishment, penalty

occupo, occupare, occupavi, occupatus

seize (hold of)

victoria, victoriae (f.)

victory

incito, incitare, incitavi, incitatus

excite, stir up, incite

pugna, pugnae (f.)

fight, battle

iniuria, iniuriae (f.)

injustice, wrong, injury