Level CLevel C

Limited level of respiratory and skin Limited level of respiratory and skin protection from airborne hazardsprotection from airborne hazards

Full-face canister respirator (APR)Full-face canister respirator (APR)Chemical-protective clothing with Chemical-protective clothing with

hoodhood Inner and outer glovesInner and outer glovesChemical-resistant shoesChemical-resistant shoesOptional items like hard hat, boot Optional items like hard hat, boot

and glove covers, and possibly a and glove covers, and possibly a five-minute escape packfive-minute escape pack

Level DLevel D

No respiratory and limited skin protectionNo respiratory and limited skin protectionDisposable coverallsDisposable coveralls Safety shoesSafety shoes Safety glasses or gogglesSafety glasses or gogglesHard hatHard hatGlovesGlovesOptional: five-minute escape pack for Optional: five-minute escape pack for

emergency egressemergency egress

Limitations of PPELimitations of PPE

Impairs mobility, vision, and communicationImpairs mobility, vision, and communication Incompatible with other PPEIncompatible with other PPEProblems with mask fit (facial hair, dentures, Problems with mask fit (facial hair, dentures,

glasses, caps, 10% body weight change)glasses, caps, 10% body weight change)Heat stressHeat stressCan cause physical and psychological stressCan cause physical and psychological stressHinders work performance and active work Hinders work performance and active work

timetime

Respiratory ProtectionRespiratory Protection

Atmospheric hazardsAtmospheric hazards Gases/VaporsGases/Vapors ParticulatesParticulates Oxygen deficiencyOxygen deficiency

Mask Fit TestsMask Fit Tests

QuantitativeQuantitative Pass/fail pressure test using test agentPass/fail pressure test using test agent

QualitativeQualitative Smoke testSmoke test

Types of RespiratorsTypes of Respirators

Air-purifying respirators (APR/PAPR) Air-purifying respirators (APR/PAPR) Continuous flow respiratorsContinuous flow respiratorsAtmosphere-supplying respirators (SAR)Atmosphere-supplying respirators (SAR)

Air-Purifying RespiratorsAir-Purifying Respirators

Utilize “purified” ambient air through a Utilize “purified” ambient air through a filtering element or absorbent cartridgefiltering element or absorbent cartridge

Negative pressure respiratorsNegative pressure respirators

Air-Purifying RespiratorsAir-Purifying Respirators

LimitationsLimitations Atmosphere that is “Immediately Dangerous to Life Atmosphere that is “Immediately Dangerous to Life

and Health” (IDLH)and Health” (IDLH) Entry into area or confined space where exposure Entry into area or confined space where exposure

conditions have not been characterizedconditions have not been characterized Inadequate warning properties of identified gases or Inadequate warning properties of identified gases or

vaporsvapors Unknown service life of sorbent materials in respirator Unknown service life of sorbent materials in respirator

cartridgescartridges High relative humidityHigh relative humidity

Air-Purifying RespiratorsAir-Purifying Respirators

DisadvantagesDisadvantages Limited duration of protectionLimited duration of protection Limited protection Limited protection Constant monitoringConstant monitoring Detectable hazards onlyDetectable hazards only

CharacteristicsCharacteristics Chemical cartridgesChemical cartridges Mechanical filtersMechanical filters

Air-Supplying Respirators Air-Supplying Respirators

Air-line with escape SCBAAir-line with escape SCBA Self-contained breathing apparatus Self-contained breathing apparatus

(SCBA)(SCBA) LimitationsLimitations

The maximum MSHA/NIOSH approved The maximum MSHA/NIOSH approved hose length is 300 feethose length is 300 feet

Mobility impairmentMobility impairment The air lines are vulnerable to damage, The air lines are vulnerable to damage,

contamination, or degradationcontamination, or degradation The worker needs to retrace steps when The worker needs to retrace steps when

leaving the work arealeaving the work area Someone needs to supervise and monitor Someone needs to supervise and monitor

the air supplythe air supply

Continuous Flow RespiratorsContinuous Flow Respirators

Powered-air purifying respirator (PAPR)Powered-air purifying respirator (PAPR) Continuous flow of filtered air to the facepieceContinuous flow of filtered air to the facepiece

Air-Purifying RespiratorsAir-Purifying Respirators

Warning properties areessential

to safe use of air-purifying respirators since they allow

detection of contaminant breakthrough should it occur

Air-Purifying RespiratorsAir-Purifying Respirators

RESPIRATOR CARTRIDGES/FILTERS

COLOR APPROVED FORBlack Organic VaporsYellowYellow Organic Vapors and Acid GasesWhiteWhite Acid GasesGreenGreen Ammonia and MethylaminePurplePurple HEPA, Dusts, Fumes and MistsOrangeOrange stripestripe for Dusts, Fumes and Mists in

combination with vapor or gas

Air-Purifying RespiratorsAir-Purifying Respirators

APF Respirator

10 Half-facepiece Respirator with Vapor Cartridge or Filter

50 Full-facepiece Respirator with Vapor Cartridge or Filter

1,000 Full-facepiece Supplied Air Respirator operated in Pressure - demand mode.

1,000 to Full-facepiece Self-contained 10,000 breathing apparatus operated in

Pressure demand mode

DecontaminationDecontamination

PurposePurpose To protect workers from contaminantsTo protect workers from contaminants Removes or neutralizes contaminants that Removes or neutralizes contaminants that

have accumulated on personnel and have accumulated on personnel and equipmentequipmentProtective clothingProtective clothingRespiratory protection equipmentRespiratory protection equipmentTools and instrumentsTools and instrumentsVehiclesVehiclesOther fixed facility equipmentOther fixed facility equipment

DecontaminationDecontamination

Types of ContaminationTypes of Contamination Surface- Remains on the surfaceSurface- Remains on the surface Permeated- Go into or throughPermeated- Go into or through

DecontaminationDecontamination

Rate of Permeation FactorsRate of Permeation Factors

Contact timeContact time

ConcentrationConcentration

TemperatureTemperature

Contaminant Molecule SizeContaminant Molecule Size

Physical State of ContaminationPhysical State of Contamination

Decontamination MethodsDecontamination Methods

Physical removalPhysical removalChemical removalChemical removalCombination methodsCombination methods

Equipment DecontaminationEquipment Decontamination

Degree of contaminationDegree of contaminationNon-cleanable partsNon-cleanable partsDiscardedDiscarded

Equipment DecontaminationEquipment Decontamination

Hand toolsHand toolsTables, shelves and palletsTables, shelves and palletsLarge equipmentLarge equipment