lhc cryogenics from cool-down to 1st beams
DESCRIPTION
LHC Cryogenics From cool-down to 1st beams. Serge Claudet (LHC Cryo OP), On behalf of cryo teams involved. Introduction to LHC cryogenics Cool-down, cryo tuning for magnets HWC Functional analysis - Controls - Availability Perspectives Summary. Content. Layout of cryogenics. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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LHC CryogenicsFrom cool-down to 1st beams
Serge Claudet (LHC Cryo OP),
On behalf of cryo teams involved
S. Claudet LHC Cryogenics - CryoOps 2008
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressorare needed to see this picture.Content
• Introduction to LHC cryogenics
• Cool-down, cryo tuning for magnets HWC
• Functional analysis - Controls - Availability
• Perspectives
• Summary
S. Claudet LHC Cryogenics - CryoOps 2008
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressorare needed to see this picture.Layout of cryogenics
Pt 3
Pt 4
Pt 5
Pt 6
Pt 7
Pt 8
Pt 1
Pt 2
Pt 1.8
Cryoplant DistributionPresent Version
Cryogenic plant
8 x 18kW @ 4.5 K
1’800 sc magnets
24 km & 20 kW @ 1.8 K
36’000 t @ 1.9K
120 t He inventory
S. Claudet LHC Cryogenics - CryoOps 2008
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QSCB
Sector 1-2 Sector 2-3 Sector 3-4 Sector 4-5 Sector 5-6 Sector 6-7 Sector 7-8 Sector 8-1
QSRB
QURA
QUIAQUIB
Point 4Point 2Point 1.8 Point 6 Point 8
Surface
CavernQURC
QSCA QSCA QSCB
QSRB QSRB
QSCB QSCAQSCA QSCB
QSRB
QURC QURC QURC QURC
QUIC QUIC
QURA
Shaft
QSCC QSCC QSCC QSCC QSCC
Tunnel
Storage Storage Storage Storage Storage
QURAQURA
Legend
Cryogenic Distribution Line
QSC_(A,B,C):QSR_(A,B):QURA:QURC:QUI_(A,B,C):
Warm Compressor StationSurface 4.5 K Refrigerator Cold BoxUnderground 4.5 K Refrigerator Cold Box1.8 K Refrigeration Unit Cold BoxCryogenic Interconnection Box
Commisionned & accepted
Under commissioning
Delivered / Under installation
Under fabrication
Ordered (Contract placed)
Under definition
Electrical Feed Box
Superconducting Link
QURC
QSCC
QSRA QSRA QSRA QSRA
QURC
QSCC QSCC
QURC
QUIC
Large variety of large scale refrigerators,AND
Large variety of valve boxes and large scale lines
S. Claudet LHC Cryogenics - CryoOps 2008
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Point 8Storage
Sector 7-8 Sector 8-1
Su
rface
Cavern
QSCA QSCB
QSRB
QURC
QUIC
QURA
Sh
aft
QSCC QSCC
Tu
nn
el
QURC
QSRA
Qualified with performance assessment before being
put together
S. Claudet LHC Cryogenics - CryoOps 2008
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4.5 K1.9 K
3.3 km4’700 t @ 1.9K≈ 10/15tHe
S. Claudet LHC Cryogenics - CryoOps 2008
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LT836LT837
LT864LT865
LT866LT867
≈ 5 m
Electrical Feed Boxes (DFB’s)
S. Claudet LHC Cryogenics - CryoOps 2008
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressorare needed to see this picture.Content
• Introduction to LHC cryogenics
• Cool-down, cryo tuning for magnets HWC
• Functional analysis - Controls - Availability
• Perspectives
• Summary
S. Claudet LHC Cryogenics - CryoOps 2008
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressorare needed to see this picture.Flushing sectors before cool-down
Dust Debris Kapton Reports
And possible shorts in diodes !
But the sooner the best !!!
S. Claudet LHC Cryogenics - CryoOps 2008
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First cool-down of LHC sectors
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
12-Nov-2007
10-Dec-2007
07-Jan-2008
04-Feb-2008
03-Mar-2008
31-Mar-2008
28-Apr-2008
26-May-2008
23-Jun-2008
21-Jul-2008
18-Aug-2008
15-Sep-2008
Temperature [K]
ARC56_MAGS_TTAVG.POSST ARC78_MAGS_TTAVG.POSST ARC81_MAGS_TTAVG.POSST ARC23_MAGS_TTAVG.POSST
ARC67_MAGS_TTAVG.POSST ARC34_MAGS_TTAVG.POSST ARC12_MAGS_TTAVG.POSST ARC45_MAGS_TTAVG.POSST
Christmas and water maintenance shut-down
Short in connection
cryostats and repairs
Ope
n Da
ys
Cooling 8 sectors + Cryo tuning + Powering tests activities
UX85 Ph1
works
All sectors at nominal
temperature
Simultaneous Cryo start/maintain
First beams around LHC
First cool-down of LHC sectors
S. Claudet LHC Cryogenics - CryoOps 2008
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0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
Temperature moyenne du secteur [K]
Vitesse de mise en froid [K/jour]
Secteur 7-8 #1Secteur 4-5Secteur 5-6Secteur 7-8 #2Secteur 8-1Enveloppe 1Enveloppe 2
Availability for LN2 (trucks & staff)
Cool
-dow
n sp
eed
[K/d
ay]
Average temperature of magnets [K] Dispersion due to particular process (HX & Turbines) and timing for thermal shield/ Line B
S. Claudet LHC Cryogenics - CryoOps 2008
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m’ = Ro . V . SFrom QUI to
QRL_RM
≈ 3300m
Changes on « supply conditions » may have an effect some hours later …
Diam. [mm] Volume [m3]C 100 25.9D 150 58.3B 250 162.0
Density [g/l] Mass [kg] Time flightC [3B, 5K] 118 3058 5 - 12hD [1.3, 8K] 8 467 1 - 4hB [0.015, 4K] 0.18 29 4 - 12'
E
F
BD
C
E
F
BD
C
S. Claudet LHC Cryogenics - CryoOps 2008
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Present reference with Jun’08 constraints(staff, LN2, controls)
25 d
3 d
2 d
LHe
18 d
2 d
1.5 d
Updated installed capacity
At best:21.5 d
Duration of phases
Target 2008:5 wks
S. Claudet LHC Cryogenics - CryoOps 2008
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– Cool-down to < 10K– Adjust instrumentation LT/EH– Control LHe at 50% Fill-up and boil-off to determine
appropriate set-point
• Electrical Feed Boxes (DFB’s)– Cool-down shield (if any)– Cool-down leads at 150K, then cool-
down phase separator– Adjust instrumentation LT/EH– Control LHe at nominal Fill-up and boil-off to determine
appropriate set-point Tuning of Temp. control loops
• 2 K magnets in ARC– LT/EH at return modules
– LT of SSS in ARC
– EH at lowest point
– EH of cold masses & beam screens
Possible pump-down and cool-down of magnets, including tests with cold compressors
Identified and tuned for sector 4-5,
Implemented for sector 5-6, 7-8, and now in 8-1, 2-3, 6-7 during the (target =two) weeks after ARC magnets @ 4.5K
S. Claudet LHC Cryogenics - CryoOps 2008
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• More than 14 cells or full sector: recovery up to 48 hours• In case of fast discharge (even w/o quench): 2 h recovery (heating due to eddy currents)
(Predictions at design stage)
Achieved or achievable
From x3 down to x1.5 w.r.t design values
Without losing helium, and powering permit on other powering subsectors
S. Claudet LHC Cryogenics - CryoOps 2008
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressorare needed to see this picture.Content
• Introduction to LHC cryogenics
• Cool-down, cryo tuning for magnets HWC
• Functional analysis - Controls - Availability
• Perspectives
• Summary
S. Claudet LHC Cryogenics - CryoOps 2008
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressorare needed to see this picture.Cryogenics P&F diagram
A large and complex fluid distribution system !
More than 500 PID control loops
Complete functional analysis:
- global process phases and families
- automation request for each phase
- synoptics
- “propagate order” tools
S. Claudet LHC Cryogenics - CryoOps 2008
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Standard cells (≈27)
QRLFilling valves
Q D DD
• Cool-down using mostly Flow controlers
• P, T, L controlers at operating conditions
Q D DDQ D DDQ D DD
Magnets 1.9K control
Beam screen T control
S. Claudet LHC Cryogenics - CryoOps 2008
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Electrical feed boxes (4 to 8)
QRL
• Cool-down using mostly Flow controlers
• T, L controlers at operating conditions
Filling valve
Current leads
control
S. Claudet LHC Cryogenics - CryoOps 2008
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Cryo Start: set of conditions to allow powering of concerned sub-sector (rather strict = good stability of process)
Cryo Maintain: Few important conditions checking integrity of HW, with slow power abort in case this signal is lost
S. Claudet LHC Cryogenics - CryoOps 2008
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The cherry on the cake ! 20 months after start of cool-down
S. Claudet LHC Cryogenics - CryoOps 2008
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1 29-Feb-08 Elec 2.0 Stop 400V (Pb AUG loop) stop CC 1682 12-Mar-08 Cryo 0.0 Controls CC (AL) stop CC not applicable3 14-Mar-08 Cryo 48.0 Leak in 18kW Cold Box stop CC 2404 02-Apr-08 Cryo Controls CC (AL) stop CC not applicable5 04-Apr-08 Cryo Stop 18kW Comp. (LS oil) stop entire sector not applicable6 04-Apr-08 Water Stop 400V P5 (water) partly blind not applicable7 06-Apr-08 Cryo Stop 18kW Comp. (LS oil) stop entire sector not applicable8 18-Apr-08 Elec 0.0 Low 400kV stop CC 969 30-Apr-08 Elec 0.0 CERN 400kV failure stop entire sector 120
10 04-May-08 Elec US65 400V stop stop CC not applicable11 10-May-08 Elec US65 400V stop stop CC not applicable12 10-May-08 Elec US65 400V stop stop CC not applicable13 11-May-08 Elec 0.0 24 VDC power unit down stop entire sector 8014 22-May-08 Elec 0.0 US65 400V stop stop CC 2415 30-May-08 Elec 2.0 US65 400V stop stop CC 12016 29-Jun-08 Water 1.0 SF6 stop, too high temp. stop entire sector not applicable
0
24
48
72
96
120
144
168
192
216
240
264
0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0
Original failure [hrs]
Cryo recovery time [hrs]
stop sector
stop CC
LEP Bonus/Malus
LHC estimates
Rather good availability already a few weeks after 5 TeV qualification Failure rates of services to be improved Cryo recovery time to be improved with more robust automation
Open Days
Training Quenches
Power failures
Promising period !
Target Autumn’08: < 12 h for stop CC [OK] < 36 h for full sector stop [24h]
S. Claudet LHC Cryogenics - CryoOps 2008
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressorare needed to see this picture.Content
• Introduction to LHC cryogenics
• Cool-down, cryo tuning for magnets HWC
• Functional analysis - Controls - Availability
• Perspectives
• Summary
S. Claudet LHC Cryogenics - CryoOps 2008
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressorare needed to see this picture.Organisation of resources
• Cool-down of 8 sectors:– Performed with “cryo island” based teams
• HWC of many sectors in parallel:– Since mid Jan’08, operators up to 22h and Saturdays– Since Spring’08, two shifts (week) and Saturdays (day)
• First beams:– We do not have CERN staff (alone) for any kind of shift– Various type of shifts possible via our industrial partner, with CERN
experts and local control rooms (day time) in back-up
• After July 2009:– End of present operation contract, with in-sourcing plus “Field
Support Unit” as reference solution, to be re-evaluated end 2008
Sept. to Nov’08: 2 x (3x8h-7d/7d) in CCC
LHC Cryo OP
Learning to master LHC cryogenics, education of teams while updating controls based on ecperience, towards sites-machines-operations duties
S. Claudet LHC Cryogenics - CryoOps 2008
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressorare needed to see this picture.Summary
• Confirmation of cooling principle, heat loads, thermometry channels, machinery, global system behaviour
• The LHC cryogenic system has been progressively put into service with obvious signs of “learning curve”, and promising periods for possible beams
• Consolidation program started and continued (valves, DFB’s, instrumentation & controls, helium guards) now extended as well to services
• Slowly preparing the switch from HWC to operation for beam, with reasonable confidence but with minimal tools and staff