lhc hardware commissioning summary
DESCRIPTION
LHCC. LHC Hardware Commissioning Summary. Status Issues Results Outlook. Roberto Saban on behalf of the Hardware Commissioning Team. PR. 46 unique visitors / hour. status : superconducting components. status : the superconducting components. cool down. 4 sectors below 2 K. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
LHC HARDWARE COMMISSIONING
SUMMARYRoberto Saban
on behalf of the Hardware Commissioning Team
StatusIssuesResultsOutlook
LHCC
PR
2LHCC July 2, 2008
Roberto Saban
46 unique visitors/hour
status: superconducting components
3LHCC July 2, 2008
Roberto Saban
status: the superconducting components
4LHCC July 2, 2008
Roberto Saban
Sector T[K] State Comments
12 5 K CD Cooling down
23 2 K PT Powering tests start today
34 6 K CDFilling and cooling down. Electrical quality assurance started.
45 52 K CDCommissioned for the first time beginning of this year. Being cooled down after consolidation work and the connection of the inner triplet left of Point 5
56 3 K PTDipoles commissioned to 6.58 TeV. Almost all other circuits are compatible with 7 TeV operation. The sector was handed over to operation.
67 3 K ELQAElQA almost completed. IST start today in matching section.
78 2 K PT
Commissioned for the first time last year. Second commissioning completed after consolidation work and the connection of the inner triplet left of Point 8.
81 2 K PT Powering tests ongoing
Cooldown Electrical QA
Individual System Tests
Powering Tests
cool down
5LHCC July 2, 2008
Roberto Saban
Cooldown Electrical QA
Individual System Tests
Powering Tests
Cool-down of LHC sectors
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
12-Nov-2007
10-Dec-2007
07-Jan-2008
04-Feb-2008
03-Mar-2008
31-Mar-2008
28-Apr-2008
26-May-2008
23-Jun-2008
Tem
pe
ratu
re [
K]
ARC56_MAGS_TTAVG.POSST ARC78_MAGS_TTAVG.POSST ARC81_MAGS_TTAVG.POSST ARC23_MAGS_TTAVG.POSST
ARC67_MAGS_TTAVG.POSST ARC34_MAGS_TTAVG.POSST ARC12_MAGS_TTAVG.POSST ARC45_MAGS_TTAVG.POSSTCooling sectors + Cryo tuning + Powering activities
4 sectors below 2 Kalmost
5
Courtesy Serge Claudet
Helium inventory 115 tMachine 85 tGHe tanks 22 t out of 50 tLHe vessels 8 t out of 25 t
the superconducting circuits of an LHC sector
6
4.5 K 4.5 K1.9 K1.9 K
157 circuits 6 circuits14 circuits13 circuits
Totalling 190 circuits
Roberto SabanLHCC July 2, 2008
the superconducting circuits of the LHC
7LHCC July 2, 2008
Roberto Saban
Circuit TypeSector
LHC1-2 2-3 3-4 4-5 5-6 6-7 7-8 8-1
13 kA 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 24
Indipendently Powered Dipoles 3 2 2 3 1 0 2 3 16
Indipendently Powered Quadrupoles 14 7 6 13 12 5 7 14 78
600A with Energy Extraction 23 27 28 24 23 27 27 23 202
600A Energy Extraction in Converter 14 20 20 14 14 20 20 14 136
600A no Energy Extraction 16 9 2 9 9 2 9 16 72
80-120A Correctors 50 37 22 33 33 22 37 50 284
TOTAL 123 105 83 99 95 79 105 123 812
Circuit TypeSector
LHC1-2 2-3 3-4 4-5 5-6 6-7 7-8 8-1
60A Closed Orbit Correctors 94 94 94 94 94 94 94 94 752
12
status : inner triplet powering
Courtesy Frédérick Bordry 8LHCC July 2, 2008 Roberto Saban
Controlled ramp
Ramp and provoked quench
11.4 kA in Q2
6.8 kA in Q1 & Q3
6.8kA
4.6kA
The main circuit of the inner triplets L5 and L8 was commissioned
The dipole correctors are being commissioned after the cooling of the leads was fixed
Q3
status: the superconducting RF cavities and transverse dampers
9LHCC July 2, 2008
Roberto Saban Courtesy Edmond Ciapala
Dampers and cavities Power systems fully set up, with all
required facilities in place. Only the heat run of the damper power systems remains to be done.
Sector 4-5 The cavities have been conditioned
to nominal voltage and power. Cavity controller loops set-up on 3 cavities. 5 cavities still to complete, as soon as sector is cold again.
Sector 3-4Tests at cold starting now. Low Power
measurements done, conditioning is going well and cavity controller RF set-up will start as soon as possible.
The verification of the function generators and the associated software remains to be completed (“vertical slice”)
status: the superconducting RF cavities and transverse dampers
10LHCC July 2, 2008
Roberto SabanCourtesy Edmond
Ciapala
Preparation for BeamRF synchronization in place – clocks and timing now going from SR4 to all users. Recent successful dry run tests with all users and OP group, including basic software.
Cavity Beam Control systems in advanced state but some items on critical path.
Transverse Damper electronics being tested.
Software for beam control also critical, but basic functionality will be available for this run.
Procedures for beam commissioning well defined.
Longitudinal diagnostics in good shape to study and commission first beams….
Fibre-optics signal distribution from RF in SR4 to Experiments, BT & BI equipment and to CCC.
40 MHz bunch clocks, revolution frequencies,40 MHz 7TeV reference. Injection & dump kicker pulses
• Reducing our ambition from 7 to 5 TeV
• Commissioning each circuit to the current value foreseen for the initial LHC optics and not up to their nominal current
• Optimizing the commissioning procedures
• Massively relying on automatic tools assisting– the operators carrying
out the tests– the experts analysing
test results
the superconducting circuits of an LHC sector
11LHCC July 2, 2008
Roberto Saban
How have we cut down the commissioning time without jeopardizing equipment integrity and personnel safety ?
Dipoles in Sector 56
Dipoles in Sector 45
17 cycles after PIC2
10 cycles after PIC2
automation of procedures
12LHCC July 2, 2008
Roberto Saban
Approved and reproducible test sequencesAssistance to operatorsAutomatic recording of test results
computer assisted analysis
13LHCC July 2, 2008
Roberto Saban
status : the warm magnets
14LHCC July 2, 2008
Roberto Saban
Although less complex than the cold circuits, substantial infrastructure is required:
– Surface installation with long DC cables
– High power with water cooled magnets
– Access interlock testing (P3 and P7)
Courtesy David Nisbet
Area Number of
Circuits
Peak Load
Power [kW]
Status %
SR1 1 477 OK 100
SR2 LHC
3 144 TI 2 disturbance investigation
90
SR2 TI2
37 19’700 Operational 100
SR3 3 958 Thermal tests 90
UJ33 12 184 Thermal tests 95
SR5 1 488 OK 100
SR6 2 979 OK 100
SR7 3 784 Thermal tests 95
UJ76 12 137 OK 100
SR8 LHC
4 158 TI 2 disturbance investigation
90
SR8 TI8
40 5’400 Operational 100
During the powering tests and in particular above 1 kA no one must be in the tunnel.
access control
15
Rule 1
No tampering with equipment already commissioned.
Rule 2
Access becomes restricted immediately after each sector reaches 80 K
Access control is activated as soon as the cool down of a sector starts
LHCC July 2, 2008
Roberto Saban
electrical safety
16LHCC July 2, 2008
Roberto Saban
....
....
DC
AC
DFB Main Dipole Magnets DFB
EE
QHPSQuench
Detection electronics
230 V AC UPS
230 V AC UPS
Currentlead heaters
AC
18kV
PowerConverter
AC AC
EE 230 V AC
24 V AC Voltage Tap
24 V DC900 V DC
AC
DC
190 V DC
AC
DC
D1 QX 600A 120A Q4 D2 120A Q5 120A Q6 120A Spool LineN Main 6kA 120A 60A 6kA LineN 120A 6kA QX 600A 120A1 3 7 5 1 1 6 1 2 1 2 6 19 3 4 16 94 4 14 10 4 3 7 5
XR8
DFBAADFBXH DFBMB DFBMI DFBMJ DFBXA
MR8.Q4 MR8.Q5 A81.Q6 A81 XL1
DFBLA
LL1
DFBAP ARC
• All the circuits of a DFB are locked and grounded when any work is foreseen on that DFB
• Access to the tunnel is not authorized when current above 1 kA is present in any of the circuits of a sector
the organization
17LHCC July 2, 2008
Roberto Saban
Engineer in Charge
OperatorOperator
Powering Team
Quench Protection Team
InterlockTeam
Analysis Team Magnet Performance Panel
Quench Protection Team
Commissioning Coordinator
Support Teams in the Field
Deployed for 4 fronts in parallel
the strategy
18Roberto SabanLHCC July 2, 2008
The mandate of the Hardware Commissioning Team to nominal current for operation at 7 TeV
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 209000
9500
10000
10500
11000
11500
12000
5.34
6.54
S45 S56
Quench number
Quench
curr
ent
[A]
Corr
esp
ondin
g e
nerg
y [T
eV
]
After the confirmation in two sectors that a current level (8500 A) corresponding to 5 TeV could be reached without any training quench in the dipole circuit, this was adopted as the baseline for the other sectors. It was however decided to continue with the training quenches in Sector 56 to confirm the number of quenches needed to train a full sector to 7 TeV. The campaign is now interrupted and will continue during the winter shutdown.
Courtesy Arjan Verweij
a training quench and it’s propagation
• Natural quench in A22R4 at 9859 A• 4 magnets quenched (3 propagation quenches)
Magnet
Cryogenic cell
Local time Δt quench
[s]
I quench
[kA]
E [MJ]
A22R4 21R416:50:34.94
7 9.859 4.957
B22R4 21R416:51:24.67
9 49.732 6.011 1.843
C22R4 21R416:52:07.53
2 92.589 3.829 0.748
C21R4 19R416:52:41.79
8 126.855 2.644 0.357 Total 7.905
19LHCC July 2, 2008 Roberto Saban Courtesy Andrzej Siemko
1 2 34
training quench characteristics
20Courtesy Andrzej Siemko
I(t)
dI(t)/dt
+10A/s
-100 A/s
LHCC July 2, 2008 Roberto Saban
hydraulic aspects
17 bar
2 min.
3 h
Pressure build-up
… and recovery
21Courtesy Andrzej Siemko
LHCC July 2, 2008 Roberto Saban
In Sector 56 five symmetric quenches were observed after quench propagation caused by a thermo-hydraulic wave.One quench (in B16.R5 at ~7.4 kA) has developed the high “MIITs” and resulting high hot spot temperature. However, subsequent tests have shown that no damage was caused to the magnet.
symmetrical quenches
22LHCC July 2, 2008
Roberto Saban Courtesy Andrzej Siemko
U(t) = U2(t)-U1(t)
U(t) = R2(t)·I(t)+ L2·dI(t)/dt – R1(t)·I(t)+ L1·dI(t)/dt
U(t) = [R2(t)-R1(t)]·I(t) + [L2-L1 ]·dI(t)/dt
In a symmetrical quench R1(t) = R2(t) as long as the quench develops symmetrically
U
U(t) = [R2(t)-R1(t)]·I(t) + [L2-L1 ]·dI(t)/dt
dI/dt triggered “quenches”
23LHCC July 2, 2008
Roberto Saban Courtesy Mateusz Bednarek
U(t) = [R2(t)-R1(t)]·I(t) + [L2-L1 ]·dI(t)/dt
L2 ≠ L1 L2 = L1
If for some reason L2 ≠ L1 then, the second term becomes high enough to trigger the quench detection system at the beginning of the ramp down when the dI/dt is highest. An inter-turn short was suspected.
dI/dt triggered “quenches”
24LHCC July 2, 2008
Roberto Saban
UA1_1 UA1_2 UA2_1 UA2_2
UA1 = UA1_2- UA1_1
UA2 = UA2_2- UA2_1
UA2UA1
Indeed L2 ≠ L1 but, the inductance of each pole of each aperture is identical to the other. Hence, no inter-turn short. Therefore the difference comes from the cable and manufacturing.
Courtesy Mateusz Bednarek
software for operation, controls and diagnostics
25
Dry runsInjection kickers systemLHC Beam dumping system (kickers, energy tracking, diagnostics)Beam instrumentation (loss monitors, position monitors, current transformers, screens)Power converters in simulation modeCollimatorsTiming systemCommunication with experiments (handshakes, modes, fill number, beam based measurements, etc.)Post mortem data acquisition systemSqueeze
Using the final software foreseen for operation for the commissioning of the machine systems
SequencerLogging systemPost mortem systemOn-line databasesIndustrial supervision systems
1
2
LHCC July 2, 2008
Roberto Saban
• Infrastructure system instabilities and late upgrades– Electrical distribution faults– Installation of Static Var
Compensators– Water cooling (directly and
indirectly)
• Cryogenics– Impact of the infrastructure
instabilities on the cryogenic system– Line Y interruptions– Manning of the cryogenics control
room
• Other– Control system teething problems– Access control system
commissioning– Safety measures
what slows us down
26LHCC July 2, 2008
Roberto Saban
outlook
27LHCC July 2, 2008
Roberto Saban
Cold
com
pre
ssor
AC
Dis
trib
uti
on
400
kV
400
V
Wate
r C
oolin
g v
alv
es
between 3 and 4 weeks per sector
(two shifts five days a week)
84% done
Sector 78
outlook
28LHCC July 2, 2008
Roberto Saban
between 3 and 4 weeks per sector
(two shifts five days a week)
53% done
Wate
r C
oolin
g
Sector 81
outlook
29LHCC July 2, 2008
Roberto Saban
Confident that the machine is cold mid july
Beam could be injected early August to be coordinated with the experiments
• All the non-conformities discovered so far could either be fixed, or accepted-as-is, or cured with compensatory measures.
• The quality of the test procedures and the depth of the analysis which follow every test step have so far allowed a safe and thorough progress of the commissioning process.
• Several quality control layers in the analysis procedures and very cautious progress when unexpected events are discovered have so far paid off: a better understanding of the systems is gradually achieved and no equipment was damaged. This attitude must be continued throughout the final phases of the commissioning when pressure will build up to deliver the collider for physics.
conclusions
30LHCC July 2, 2008
Roberto Saban
31LHCC July 2, 2008
Roberto Saban