liberty brew ladder
TRANSCRIPT
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Liberty Brew Ladder
♦ British Actions lead to . . .
♦ Colonial Response!!!
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Writs of Assistance
♦ Legal Document which allowed British naval officers to inspect colonial ship (to check for smuggled goods). The British did not need to have any reason at all to search.
♦ Response: They said Writs violated their rights as British citizens
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Proclamation of 1763
♦ British barred the settlement of lands west of the Appalachian Mountains
Colonial Response:
♦ Prevented some from moving west, others moved West anyway
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Sugar Act, 1764
♦ Tax on molasses and sugar♦ British actually lowered the tax, but it was
enforced for the first time.♦ Smugglers tried without juries♦ Colonial Reaction:
– Taxation without representation is wrong!– Trial without juries is wrong!
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Stamp Act, 1765
♦ Required revenue stamps to be put on all publications and legal documents (newspapers, wills, marriage papers, etc
♦ Colonial Response♦ Organized Stamp Act Congress:fought the
tax, Sons of liberty: they boycotted British goods
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Declaratory Act, 1766
♦ Claimed the British could make laws and raise taxes whenever they wanted
♦ Reaction: Not much. Stamp Act was repealed, so they overlooked this act
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Quartering Act, 1765
♦ Required the colonist to quarter (only feed) British troops in America.
♦ Reaction: New Yorkers refused, Bostonians grew more upset
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Townshend Act, 1767
♦ Tax on tea, glass, lead, paper, and silk
♦ Allowed writs of assistance
♦ Reaction: Colonists signed non-importation agreements-stop importing goods taxed by Townshend Acts.
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Boston Massacre, 1770
♦ March 5, 1770♦ Snowballs and rocks thrown at British
soldiers♦ Unknown person shouted “Fire”♦ 5 colonists were killed♦ Crispus Attucks, former slave, first to die
for liberty
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Boston Massacre cont’d
♦ Sam Adams publicizes it with propaganda (using the press to prove or exaggerate a point of view)-calls it a massacre of innocent victims
♦ Paul Revere prints an engraving showing unarmed men and women being fired upon
♦ John Adams, a lawyer, defends the British troops
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Reaction to Boston Massacre
♦ Colonists Propaganda♦ British respond by repealing the most of the
Townshend Acts, but left the tax on tea.
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Tea Act, 1773
♦ Removed taxes paid by the British East India Company (had 15 million pounds of extra tea)
♦ Let BEIC sell directly to colonist without paying taxes-cut out the colonial merchant middleman
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Colonial Response: Boston Tea Party
♦ December 16, 1773: 60 members of the Sons of Liberty dressed up as Mohawk Native Americans and threw 342 chests of tea overboard on three different ships
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Intolerable Acts, 1774
♦ Britain:
• Closes the port of Boston
• Town meetings could only be held once a year
• British officials committing crimes in the colonies would be tried in Great Britain
• Stronger Quartering Act
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First Continental Congress
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Continental Congress, 1774
♦ Responded to Intolerable Acts by:– Forming an association to boycott British trade– Declared Intolerable Acts unconstitutional– Claimed their liberties as Englishmen had been
violated– Urged each colony to form a militia (an army of
citizens)
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First Continental Congress
♦ -September 1774♦ -56 delegates from 12 colonies (Georgia
didn’t show)♦ -divided opinion over what to do♦ -agreed to boycott British goods and
stop exports to England until Acts were repealed
♦ -urged Mass. to set up their own gov. and collect its own taxes
♦ ♦
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1st Continental Congress cont’d
♦ -Declaration of Rights and Grivances-denying Britain because their rights as Englishmen had been violated
♦ -colonies set up militias (armies of citizens)
♦ -resolved to meet again if demands weren’t met
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Massachusetts Prepares
♦ -Minutemen-colonist ready to fight at a moment’s notice-preparing for war
♦ -patriots (those loyal to the colonies)-start building up ammunition and guns
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British Moves Toward Concord
♦ -General Thomas Gage sent 700 troops to Concord, Mass. where the minutemen had stockpiled their weapons
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“The British Are Coming” (thanks Paul)
♦ -the midnight ride of Paul Revere
♦ -April 18, 1775
♦ -warned the militia that the British were coming by the Charles River
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Lexington and Concord
♦ -70 minutemen meet the British at Lexington, a town near Concord
♦ -no one knows who fired “the shot heard round the world”
♦ -found no guns at Concord
♦ -British lose 73, 200 wounded