library web sites: a content analysis
TRANSCRIPT
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Library web sites:a content analysis
Jadranka StojanovskiRuđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb,
Croatiahttp://library.irb.hr
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Jadranka Stojanovski, LIDA 2001, Dubrovnik
outline• library functions in the new
environment• library web sites - Why?• general evaluation criteria • Croatian library web space• basic and critical content elements• library web sites content analysis• comparisions• conclusion
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Jadranka Stojanovski, LIDA 2001, Dubrovnik
Traditional library functions
in the new environment• information selection• information organization• access to the information
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Jadranka Stojanovski, LIDA 2001, Dubrovnik
Why evaluate?• QUANTITY• QUALITY
• anyone can put anything up on the Internet
• web resources rarely have editors and are not usually peer-reviewed
• there are no web standards
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Jadranka Stojanovski, LIDA 2001, Dubrovnik
web lacks• organization• standards and governance• quality control• source information• reliability and stability
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Jadranka Stojanovski, LIDA 2001, Dubrovnik
web sites categories• reference / informational• news• entertainment• business / marketing• advocacy• personal page
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Jadranka Stojanovski, LIDA 2001, Dubrovnik
General criteria for evaluation
• http://info.lib.uh.edu/pr/v8/n3/smit8n3.html
• http://www.washburn.edu/mabee/reviews.html
• http://www.willamette.edu/webstation/wviews/crit.html
• http://diogenes.baylor.edu/Library/LIRT/lirtcrit.html
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Jadranka Stojanovski, LIDA 2001, Dubrovnik
Authority• does the resource have some reputable
organisation or expert behind it?• does the author have standing in the
field? can the author be contacted?• are sources of information stated?• is the information verifiable?• URL clues!!!• if no source is given for the information,
the author does not appear to be an authority on the subject
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Jadranka Stojanovski, LIDA 2001, Dubrovnik
Purpose / Audience• who and for what reasons will be using
the library site?• is the purpose clearly stated (to inform,
educate, etc.)?• are resources fulfilling the stated
purpose?• who are intended users?
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Jadranka Stojanovski, LIDA 2001, Dubrovnik
Content / Relevance• authority• accuracy• currency• coverage• objectivity • uniqueness• links to other resources• quality of writing
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Jadranka Stojanovski, LIDA 2001, Dubrovnik
Organization• logical organization - easy navigation• navigation through the site should
be intuitive, easy-to-understand and easy-to-survey
• getting lost in the links!• user aids: link Back to homepage,
Site Map, Search functions
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Jadranka Stojanovski, LIDA 2001, Dubrovnik
Design / Appearance• first impression• harmonization• appropriate use of colors, textures,
images, etc.• attractiveness• length• distinctive character of the site
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Jadranka Stojanovski, LIDA 2001, Dubrovnik
Maintenance / Currency• Who will be responsible for the
maintenance of a library site? • Is there a development and growth
plan?• Is it necessary to establish a
special protocol, rulebook etc., which will define the authority and the maintenance of the site?
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Jadranka Stojanovski, LIDA 2001, Dubrovnik
Technology / Functionality / Usability
• no additional programs • standard file formats• <ALT> tags have to provide an
alternative text • required computing environment • "text only" version of the site• searching• interactivity• users with seeing and hearing difficulties
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Jadranka Stojanovski, LIDA 2001, Dubrovnik
Size of the Croatian web space
Croatian library web space
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600
NUL
Academic Libraries
Special Libraries
Public Libraries
School Libraries
TOTAL
tottaly 1998*** on web - Sept 2000
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Jadranka Stojanovski, LIDA 2001, Dubrovnik
8 basic elements general information; contact information; library’s online catalog; library services description; working hours; news; authority data; the last update data;
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Jadranka Stojanovski, LIDA 2001, Dubrovnik
General information- address, telephone and fax numbers, e-mail- general information on the library, the area it covers, user
profile it’s intended for, library’s mission (mission statement)- a note from a director/manager of the institution - working hours info, the holidays on which the library is
closed- a part of a city map with instructions on how to get to the
library (it is desirable to provide a bus or tram line)- library’s layout/blueprint (with a list of area, institution, or
other related libraries)- a guide through the library, multimedia if possible (images,
video, sound)- library’s staff, with job descriptions, telephone numbers, and
e-mail contact addresses, and possible links to home sites
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Jadranka Stojanovski, LIDA 2001, Dubrovnik
General information- volunteering possibilities and conditions- special collections- library’s publications (annual reports, catalogs, recent
acquisitions)- the history of the library and future plans- statistical data (lending, Web site access, etc.)- friends of the library (donors, financiers, due individuals
etc., especially present in public libraries).
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Jadranka Stojanovski, LIDA 2001, Dubrovnik
412
412
412
367
421
412
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45
Number of libraries
address
telephone, fax
library's staff
general information on the library
w orking hours info
Crit
eria
Figure 1 General information
no
yes
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Jadranka Stojanovski, LIDA 2001, Dubrovnik
Online catalogues (OPAC)- catalogs of the own collections of
books, periodicals, and other library material;
- the list of the current periodicals, unless the periodicals are already included in catalogs (especially important for academic and special libraries);
- the bibliography of the works of its staff;- other libraries’ catalogs; - collective catalogs.
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Jadranka Stojanovski, LIDA 2001, Dubrovnik
349
2914
1726
35
8
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
Number of libraries
catalogs of the ow ncollections of books
catalogs of the ow ncollection of periodicals
list of the currentperiodicals
other libraries' catalogsand collective catalogs
Crit
eria
Figure 2 Online catalogs
no
yes
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Jadranka Stojanovski, LIDA 2001, Dubrovnik
Internet resources- electronic magazines, newspapers,
books etc.;- electronic text, articles archives (so-called
preprint archives);- online databases;- projects associated with digital libraries;- various digital collections (images,
numerical data, video etc).
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Jadranka Stojanovski, LIDA 2001, Dubrovnik
Internet resources• Electronic sources can additionally be divided
according to:- topics, scientific field;- categories of users (children, young people, etc).
• The electronic sources divided according to topics can grow into the so-called subject gateways.
• The local information sources can also be added to this category: - regional electronic information sources (city, province,
state);- government electronic information sources;- online exhibitions.
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Jadranka Stojanovski, LIDA 2001, Dubrovnik
2617
23
20
1627
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
Number of libraries
electronic journals,new spapers, books etc.
online databases
Internet resources insubject categories
Crit
eria
Figure 3 Internet resources
no
yes
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Jadranka Stojanovski, LIDA 2001, Dubrovnik
Library services- acquisition – suggesting a new book, magazine, etc;- lending – local, possibility of reservation;- interlibrary loan;- electronic information supply;- Xeroxing;- microfilming;- special collections and the rules of usage;- questions related to intellectual copyrights;- the rules of usage of other libraries;- services related to the Document Supply Centers;- services for persons with disabilities; - providing e-mail (public libraries);- providing the Internet access
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Jadranka Stojanovski, LIDA 2001, Dubrovnik
Reference desk- the online reference collection
(dictionaries, manuals, encyclopedia, address books, etc.);
- FAQ (frequently asked question) – on many levels, with various topics;
- “Ask the librarian” (via e-mail, or appropriate forms).
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Jadranka Stojanovski, LIDA 2001, Dubrovnik
23
20
835
19
24
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
Number of libraries
information aboutlibrary services
interlibrary loan
online referencecollections
Crit
eria
Figure 4 Library Services and Reference desk
noyes
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Jadranka Stojanovski, LIDA 2001, Dubrovnik
Education, instruction, help
- instructions and help for using the library itself (links to the Library Services);
- instructions and help for using the certain programs frequently used by users, such as Web browsers;
- instructions on the library’s catalog browsing;- instructions on the online databases browsing;- instructions on the Internet browsing;- information sources evaluation elements;- instructions on citing the literature (on all media) in different
formats;- introduction to computers;- learning and practicing materials, especially important
for academic libraries (associated to the lesson plan and program);
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Jadranka Stojanovski, LIDA 2001, Dubrovnik
Searching- searching the library web site
itself;- searching the entire (or parts of
the) web.
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Jadranka Stojanovski, LIDA 2001, Dubrovnik
News- the news associated with library holdings, e.g. data on the
arrival of magazines, notices on access to a new magazine or database;
- weakly schedule of lectures, seminars and other library/institution happenings;
- interesting facts and news relevant for the users of a library (new electronic magazines, a new database, an interesting article etc.);
- what’s new in the library, e.g. a new area, new service, new materials;
- what’s new on the web site (What’s New Page), with the possible changes on the web site (the most recent information are stated first) – it is desirable to put the link to this page on the site’s homepage!
- the schedule of happenings in a library, institution, region.
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Jadranka Stojanovski, LIDA 2001, Dubrovnik
18
2519
2420
23
0 5 10 15 20 25
Number of libraries
Instructions, help, learningmaterials
w eb search engines
new s
Crit
eria
Chart 5: Education, Instructions, Help, Searching and News
no
yes
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Jadranka Stojanovski, LIDA 2001, Dubrovnik
Conclusions about Croatian web space
• early stage of web sites development• lack of financies• lack of staff• lack of continuous education of
librarians• lack of technical support• no English translation• offten false credibility (institutions!)
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Jadranka Stojanovski, LIDA 2001, Dubrovnik
Library web sites today (Brinkley, M. 1999)
• promotional tool• information about the library
services• guides and help facilities• gateway to information resources
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Jadranka Stojanovski, LIDA 2001, Dubrovnik
Library web sites tomorrow
• seamlessly integration of all functions and services
• coherent “virtual” services• factors:
– changing world of information– changing nature of library users
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Jadranka Stojanovski, LIDA 2001, Dubrovnik
The future library will have the same old goals
• to provide access to the information, regardless of format, location, or subject;
• to facilitate access, through guides, training, and the way information is organised;
• to do so in an integrated manner such that services can be offered to users when and where they need them.