Subjective Economymedia communication approach

Péter ÁCS Ph.D.

Adjunct Associate Professor

acspite@gmail.com

RT TD&ICT: Research Team on Territorial Development & Information & Communication Technologies

University of Pécs – Hungary

Sept. 2011 - Liege

2

Subjective economy

• Why economy is subjective.

First I would like to apologies. The title is not exact enough.

Understanding of the sociocultural circumstances are subjective from the point of view individuals.

In this short presentation I would like to underline some aspect of it.

Individual level:• Semiotics• Deprivation• Motivation• Well being

Society level:• Philosophy gap• Equilibrium perturbation• Media influence

Semiotics - approach

Speaking and thinking about the world, present and future is only possible by the language. The meaning of things are not a dictionary of facts. Semiotics shows it is a real question in itself.

Via communication we using, creating and controlling the relation between (signe – signifiant /Saussure) (sign vehicle - designatum /Morris), (Sinn - Bedeutung /Frege), (Significant - Signifiant /Horányi) and sign and its meaning in general. “A sign, or representamen, is something which stands to somebody for something in some respect or capacity. It addresses somebody, that is, creates in the mind of that person an equivalent sign, or perhaps a more developed sign (PEIRCE CP. Vol.2.§228)

Agent should take into count

Subjective relative deprivation The definition of relative deprivation describes this characteristic expressively.

“A person is relatively deprived of X when (i) he does not have X; (ii) he sees some other person or persons, which may include himself at some previous or expected time, as having X, (iii) he sees it as feasible that he should have X.” (Runciman 1966 p. 10.)

So deprivation is relative because we compare ourselves with others surrounding us in life.

What does it mean surrounding? •Primarily: it is a locality and neighborhood.•Secondly: the people we share our parts of identity.•Thirdly: the life we see in media.

It is also subjective because values and expectations are different from person to person.

Motivation The of work is one of the key issues of development of economy. It is in the center of management since exists.

Extrinsic motivation (most commonly money) not efficient in most of the cases the work require cognitive effort. Intrinsic motivation makes it work.

(DECI - FLASTE 1995) (KOHN 1993) (DOUGLAS 1960)

Well being

“Another belief which harmonizes with our account is that the happy man lives well and does well; for we have practically defined happiness as a sort of good life and good action.” Aristotle (350 BC) Nicomachean Ethics, Book I. page 9. (Translated by W. D. Ross)

Time factor:The meaning of the word happiness has been continuously changing throughout the centuries. (Kesebir-Diner 2009, p. 60)

Well being researchSix “Theory-Guided” dimension:(1)Self-Acceptance (negative or positive attitude toward the self); (2)Positive Relations With Others (trusting relationships with others; is concerned about the welfare of others); (3)Autonomy (independent, able to resist social pressures); (4)Environmental Mastery (competence in managing life, controls activities, use of surrounding opportunities); (5)Purpose in Life (feels there is meaning to present and past life); (6)Personal Growth (feeling of continued development, sees improvement in self-knowledge and effectiveness.)

(Ryff–Keyes 1995 p. 727)

Well being research

Others formulate it in imperative sentences: (1)Connect… (With the people, family, friends, colleagues and neighbors. invest time in developing these connections.); (2)Be active. (Walk, run or dance. Discover a physical activity.); (3)Take notice. (Be curious. Catch sight of the beautiful. Be aware of the world around you.); (4)Keep learning. (Try something new. Rediscover. Sign up for that course. Take on a different responsibility.); (5)Give… (Do something nice for a friend, or a stranger. Thank someone. Smile. Volunteer your time.)

(Foresight Annual Review 2008 p. 13)

Well being research structure

The British “nef” (the new economics foundation) and The National Accounts of Well-being worked out a structure of indicators based on data 2006-2007.

This structure aimed to give a guideline for the government to monitor the well-being status of the citizens. There are three headline indicators:

• Well-being at work, • Social well-being and • Personal well-being.

Philosophy gap

In society level: There is a socio-philosophical gap There is no widely accepted socio-philosophical theory, which is well known enough t give hope understandable objectives for everyday people. The social-democratic basic basis facing with difficulties world wide.

Separated theories of sustainable development and concepts social integration and cohesion is mostly not understandable part of the everyday thinking.

Equilibrium perturbation

In 2010 Peter A. Diamond, Dale T. Mortensen, Christopher A. Pissarides received the Nobel Prize in economic science.

Buyers do not want to behave they should in market economy. Buyers and sellers won’t find each other without society and its institutions.

The factor raising to be important is mostly human and communicational, so cultural.

The research shows the importance of information and the influence it has on how the market behaves. (1992 Gary Becker was awarded the Nobel Prize for research on households and correlation between market relevant and not market relevant behaviour.) (Lindbeck 2001)

Media influence

The reality should be constructed, because the cognitive systems are not able to differentiate between conditions of knowledge of and existence of something. There is no independent access to objective reality and its cognition. (Luhmann, [2004] 13)

Luhmann defines the mass media communication as a process that lacks interaction and can be described as mostly undirected. The lot of new media institutions (applications) of the internet made it available for participants to be the broadcaster. “The perhaps most important, general key feature of the mass media is that, via the information development process they tightened up the horizon of the uncertainty formed by itself and which should always be fed with additional information. The mass media enhances the excitability of society, and thus its ability to develop information.” (Luhmann, [2004] 94)

Assumption

If people build their reality in words via communication in the society, discussing and comparing the their lifestyle and behaviour.

Feeling well depending on the factors mostly not economical, and buyers behaves not like it described in the market economy.

The workers are mostly motivated by other thinks then money.

The media has a grate influence on building of the perception of reality.

Using the media appears to an extremely important action whit an extremely high responsibility.

Thank You the attention!