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Life after BPC: What happens now? Manager, Fertilizer Analysis Products Principal Consultant, Potash TFI/FIRT Fertilizer Outlook & Technology Conference, Tampa, November 2013 Photo credit: Uralkali

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Page 1: Life after BPC: What happens now? - FIRT FOT - Potash Outlook... · Life after BPC: What happens now? Manager, Fertilizer Analysis Products Principal Consultant, Potash TFI/FIRT Fertilizer

Life after BPC:What happens now?

Manager, Fertilizer Analysis ProductsPrincipal Consultant, Potash

TFI/FIRT Fertilizer Outlook & Technology Conference,Tampa, November 2013

Photo credit: Uralkali

Page 2: Life after BPC: What happens now? - FIRT FOT - Potash Outlook... · Life after BPC: What happens now? Manager, Fertilizer Analysis Products Principal Consultant, Potash TFI/FIRT Fertilizer

Agenda

2

Uralkali quits BPC: Causes & consequences

Potash in North America

What next? The outlook for supply & demand

Page 3: Life after BPC: What happens now? - FIRT FOT - Potash Outlook... · Life after BPC: What happens now? Manager, Fertilizer Analysis Products Principal Consultant, Potash TFI/FIRT Fertilizer

Uralkali Quits BPC“We have seen people...in the fertilizer world do some pretty silly things, but this is probably the single dumbest thing that 

I’ve ever seen” – Bill Doyle, CEO of PotashCorp

Quotes: Bloomberg, BMO Capital Markets

“The end of the potash world as we know it”‐‐ Joel Jackson, Equity Research Director at BMO Capital Markets

Page 4: Life after BPC: What happens now? - FIRT FOT - Potash Outlook... · Life after BPC: What happens now? Manager, Fertilizer Analysis Products Principal Consultant, Potash TFI/FIRT Fertilizer

Billions wiped of potash stocks overnight

4

50

60

70

80

90

100

110

02‐Jan

‐13

16‐Jan

‐13

30‐Jan

‐13

13‐Feb

‐13

27‐Feb

‐13

13‐M

ar‐13

27‐M

ar‐13

10‐Apr‐13

24‐Apr‐13

08‐M

ay‐13

22‐M

ay‐13

05‐Ju

n‐13

19‐Ju

n‐13

03‐Ju

l‐13

17‐Ju

l‐13

31‐Ju

l‐13

14‐Aug

‐13

28‐Aug

‐13

11‐Sep

‐13

25‐Sep

‐13

09‐Oct‐13

23‐Oct‐13

Potash sh

are price inde

x(Jan

uary 1

st= 100)

Data: CRU

$14 billion knocked off POT, MOS, AGU

Page 5: Life after BPC: What happens now? - FIRT FOT - Potash Outlook... · Life after BPC: What happens now? Manager, Fertilizer Analysis Products Principal Consultant, Potash TFI/FIRT Fertilizer

Why has Uralkali left BPC?

5

Disagreement over volume shares and sales strategyLukashenko overturned exclusivity agreement with

BPC in Dec 2012Allegations from both sides that the other had been

seeking to bypass BPC

Rail deliveriesto China

Other rail deliveries

US sanctions against Belarus since 2009

1.9Mt

1.8Mt

0.8MtOnly half of Uralkali’s sales are handled by BPC... 

...Belaruskali asserts in fact only 15‐20% has been going through BPC

Page 6: Life after BPC: What happens now? - FIRT FOT - Potash Outlook... · Life after BPC: What happens now? Manager, Fertilizer Analysis Products Principal Consultant, Potash TFI/FIRT Fertilizer

What are Uralkali’s objectives?

Win market share

Restore demand growth

Deter investment and limit new 

capacity

...put pressure on Belaruskali?

Arrest of CEO not part of the plan......little support from Putin and Kerimov’s future now in doubt.

Page 7: Life after BPC: What happens now? - FIRT FOT - Potash Outlook... · Life after BPC: What happens now? Manager, Fertilizer Analysis Products Principal Consultant, Potash TFI/FIRT Fertilizer

The market pressures that drove Uralkali to act were already evident

40

50

60

70

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

million tonn

es KCl

  KCl deliveries

no net growth

7

DemandUncertainty has paralyzed the market2013 volumes negatively affected, await rebound from 2014...but need price stability to get even buying and achieve expected recovery

SupplyMost projects remain committed...still assessing the outlookCombination of delays/cancellations with improved demand should aid market balance

How has CRU revised its forecasts?

Page 8: Life after BPC: What happens now? - FIRT FOT - Potash Outlook... · Life after BPC: What happens now? Manager, Fertilizer Analysis Products Principal Consultant, Potash TFI/FIRT Fertilizer

Potash in North America

Data: CRU, IFA, company reports 

+5.7 million tonnes‐‐ Increase in Canadian capacity, 2004‐2012 

‐1.4 million tonnes‐‐ Decline in Canadian production, 2004‐2012 

Page 9: Life after BPC: What happens now? - FIRT FOT - Potash Outlook... · Life after BPC: What happens now? Manager, Fertilizer Analysis Products Principal Consultant, Potash TFI/FIRT Fertilizer

Capacity additions in North America

9

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016

De‐bottlenecking & rehabilitation

New shafts & refineries

Time

Capitalcost ($M

)

...have got bigger in scale and higher cost per tonne

Data: CRU, company reports

Page 10: Life after BPC: What happens now? - FIRT FOT - Potash Outlook... · Life after BPC: What happens now? Manager, Fertilizer Analysis Products Principal Consultant, Potash TFI/FIRT Fertilizer

PotashCorp has been re‐instating capacity

10

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

million tonn

es KCl

PCS operational capability

PCS nameplate

Data: CRU, PotashCorp

Mothballed capacity

CRU capacity estimate

P   R   O   D   U   C   T   I   O   N

Page 11: Life after BPC: What happens now? - FIRT FOT - Potash Outlook... · Life after BPC: What happens now? Manager, Fertilizer Analysis Products Principal Consultant, Potash TFI/FIRT Fertilizer

Export volumes

11Data: GTIS, FAI

0

2

4

6

8

10

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

million tonn

es KCl

0

2

4

6

8

10

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

million tonn

es KCl

0

2

4

6

8

10

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

million tonn

es KCl

US market is mature, but offshore markets haven’t 

provided demand growth either

Page 12: Life after BPC: What happens now? - FIRT FOT - Potash Outlook... · Life after BPC: What happens now? Manager, Fertilizer Analysis Products Principal Consultant, Potash TFI/FIRT Fertilizer

US Crop Acreage

12

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Million acres h

arvested

Corn Wheat Soyabeans

Corn peak in 2013, then some swing to beansData: USDA

Page 13: Life after BPC: What happens now? - FIRT FOT - Potash Outlook... · Life after BPC: What happens now? Manager, Fertilizer Analysis Products Principal Consultant, Potash TFI/FIRT Fertilizer

Components of US demand growth

4.3

4.9

‐0.13

+0.67

+0.14

3.6

3.8

4.0

4.2

4.4

4.6

4.8

5.0

5.2

2012consumption

Change incrop area

Change inapplication

rates

Change incrop mix

2018consumption

million tonn

es K

2O

8kg/ha 3.1M ha SoyabeansWheat

Application rates to recover from low in 2012Data: CRU

Page 14: Life after BPC: What happens now? - FIRT FOT - Potash Outlook... · Life after BPC: What happens now? Manager, Fertilizer Analysis Products Principal Consultant, Potash TFI/FIRT Fertilizer

Shipments to China & India 

14

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1,000

1,100

1,200

Q1 2004

Q2 2004

Q3 2004

Q4 2004

Q1 2005

Q2 2005

Q3 2005

Q4 2005

Q1 2006

Q2 2006

Q3 2006

Q4 2006

Q1 2007

Q2 2007

Q3 2007

Q4 2007

Q1 2008

Q2 2008

Q3 2008

Q4 2008

Q1 2009

Q2 2009

Q3 2009

Q4 2009

Q1 2010

Q2 2010

Q3 2010

Q4 2010

Q1 2011

Q2 2011

Q3 2011

Q4 2011

Q1 2012

Q2 2012

Q3 2012

Q4 2012

Q1 2013

Q2 2013

Q3 2013

thou

sand

 tonn

es KCl

Quarterly imports 12‐month rolling average

Data: GTIS

Since 2009, Canadian shipments to China & India have declined

Page 15: Life after BPC: What happens now? - FIRT FOT - Potash Outlook... · Life after BPC: What happens now? Manager, Fertilizer Analysis Products Principal Consultant, Potash TFI/FIRT Fertilizer

Components of global demand growth

15

30.2

39.5

+1.5

+6.5

+1.2

25

27

29

31

33

35

37

39

41

2012consumption

Change incrop area

Change inapplication

rates

Change incrop mix

2018consumption

million tonn

es K

2O

5kg/ha 77.1M ha Oilseeds Grains

Data: CRU

Page 16: Life after BPC: What happens now? - FIRT FOT - Potash Outlook... · Life after BPC: What happens now? Manager, Fertilizer Analysis Products Principal Consultant, Potash TFI/FIRT Fertilizer

What next?

Page 17: Life after BPC: What happens now? - FIRT FOT - Potash Outlook... · Life after BPC: What happens now? Manager, Fertilizer Analysis Products Principal Consultant, Potash TFI/FIRT Fertilizer

Imports into...USA

17

0.0

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

7.0

8.0

9.0

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

million tonn

es KCl

 2011  2012  2013

Data: GTIS

Fall application underway...2013 betterthan 2012 but still short of 2011

Deliveries peak Feb‐May, except in 2012

Page 18: Life after BPC: What happens now? - FIRT FOT - Potash Outlook... · Life after BPC: What happens now? Manager, Fertilizer Analysis Products Principal Consultant, Potash TFI/FIRT Fertilizer

Imports into...Brazil

18

0.0

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

7.0

8.0

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

million tonn

es KCl

 2011  2012  2013

Data: SIACESP via ANDA

Despite some price resistance, Brazil has beenthe most consistent major market

Q4 usually quiet

Page 19: Life after BPC: What happens now? - FIRT FOT - Potash Outlook... · Life after BPC: What happens now? Manager, Fertilizer Analysis Products Principal Consultant, Potash TFI/FIRT Fertilizer

Imports into...China

19

0.0

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

7.0

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

million tonn

es KCl

 2011  2012  2013

Data: GTIS

Irregular buying patterns – large storage capacityplus domestic production

Still waiting for contracts

Page 20: Life after BPC: What happens now? - FIRT FOT - Potash Outlook... · Life after BPC: What happens now? Manager, Fertilizer Analysis Products Principal Consultant, Potash TFI/FIRT Fertilizer

Imports into...India

20

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

4.5

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

million tonn

es KCl

 2011  2012  2013

Data: FAI

Subsidy reform has caused erratic buying patterns– 2013 could be lowest imports for a decade

Slow uptake of contracted volumes

Page 21: Life after BPC: What happens now? - FIRT FOT - Potash Outlook... · Life after BPC: What happens now? Manager, Fertilizer Analysis Products Principal Consultant, Potash TFI/FIRT Fertilizer

Retail pricing in India still a problem

21Data: FAI

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

Jan‐09

Mar‐09

May‐09

Jul‐0

9

Sep‐09

Nov

‐09

Jan‐10

Mar‐10

May‐10

Jul‐1

0

Sep‐10

Nov

‐10

Jan‐11

Mar‐11

May‐11

Jul‐1

1

Sep‐11

Nov

‐11

Jan‐12

Mar‐12

May‐12

Jul‐1

2

Sep‐12

Nov

‐12

Jan‐13

Mar‐13

May‐13

Jul‐1

3

Sep‐13

'000

 Rs./t

Retail price

Subsidy

Import price

Introduction of NBS – move from floating subsidy/fixed price to fixed subsidy/floating price

Subsidy raised in new budget, but not enough to offset higher contract prices that 

arrive 4 months later

Subsidy cut despite Rupee starting to depreciate...

...and again.

Page 22: Life after BPC: What happens now? - FIRT FOT - Potash Outlook... · Life after BPC: What happens now? Manager, Fertilizer Analysis Products Principal Consultant, Potash TFI/FIRT Fertilizer

Global H1 & H2 deliveries

22

30.6 28.0 30.3

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

H1 2011 H1 2012 H1 2013

million tonn

es KCl 24.7

22.323.2

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

H2 2011 H2 2012 H2 2013 (f)

H1 on a par with 2011, but uncertainty hampering sales in H2

Data: CRU

Page 23: Life after BPC: What happens now? - FIRT FOT - Potash Outlook... · Life after BPC: What happens now? Manager, Fertilizer Analysis Products Principal Consultant, Potash TFI/FIRT Fertilizer

Global MOP deliveries

23

53‐54Mt in 2013

*CRU’s long‐term guidance is   ̴2% per annum

57½‐58½Mt in 2014

Demand outlook is contingent on price level and stability......but there is potential for above‐trend 

growth in medium‐term*

India remains a concern...need for subsidy reform after election

Page 24: Life after BPC: What happens now? - FIRT FOT - Potash Outlook... · Life after BPC: What happens now? Manager, Fertilizer Analysis Products Principal Consultant, Potash TFI/FIRT Fertilizer

Some advanced capacity projects at risk

24

50

55

60

65

70

75

80

85

90

95

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

million tonn

es KCl

Existing capacity

Committed capacity only. Maximum operating rate  95%.

Committed capacity

Committed but at risk of postponement or cancellation

Data: CRU

Page 25: Life after BPC: What happens now? - FIRT FOT - Potash Outlook... · Life after BPC: What happens now? Manager, Fertilizer Analysis Products Principal Consultant, Potash TFI/FIRT Fertilizer

What this means for the market balance

25

Risks to both demand and supply are greater on the downside.

60%

65%

70%

75%

80%

85%

50

55

60

65

70

75

80

85

90

95

100

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Operating ratemillion tonn

es KCl

Capacity

Despite demand forecast, OR to remain lower than 2011

But latest supply & demand forecasts suggest improving 

outlook post‐2014

Deliveries

Data: CRU

Page 26: Life after BPC: What happens now? - FIRT FOT - Potash Outlook... · Life after BPC: What happens now? Manager, Fertilizer Analysis Products Principal Consultant, Potash TFI/FIRT Fertilizer

Closing remarks

26

The current trend of capacity growth without demand growth isnot sustainable.

These market pressures were (partly) the cause of Uralkali’s actions.

Now a more cautious approach to new capacity, with lengthened timeframes...

...the outlook for the market balance is moderately betterthan 12 months ago.

Demand is suffering in the short‐term because of uncertainty and delayed purchases...

...but should finally return to growth when we have stability.

Page 27: Life after BPC: What happens now? - FIRT FOT - Potash Outlook... · Life after BPC: What happens now? Manager, Fertilizer Analysis Products Principal Consultant, Potash TFI/FIRT Fertilizer

Thank youfor listening