life cycle costs of dutch school buildings
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Life Cycle Costs of Dutch school buildings. C-8: Green buildings & Environmental policies Saturday 6-7-2013, 9:00-10:30, #140 Peter de Jong & Monique Arkesteijn Real Estate & Housing Faculty of Architecture and The Built Environment Delft University of Technology The Netherlands - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Life Cycle Costs of Dutch school buildingsC-8: Green buildings & Environmental policies Saturday 6-7-2013, 9:00-10:30, #140
Peter de Jong & Monique ArkesteijnReal Estate & HousingFaculty of Architecture and The Built EnvironmentDelft University of TechnologyThe Netherlands
(corresponding author [email protected])
1April 19, 2023
Life Cycle Costs of Dutch school buildingsPeter de Jong & Monique ArkesteijnFaculty of Architecture and The Built Environment/Real Estate and Housing
Introduction
• Evans (1998): 1:5:200 (initial costs : building operating costs : corporate operating costs)
• Hughes (2004) and Ive (2007): 1:0,4-1,5:12-15 (initial costs : building operating costs ), limited # offices
• Evans received a warm response, diminished impact but still key focus. Need for additional data per typology of building
April 19, 2023 2
Life Cycle Costs of Dutch school buildingsPeter de Jong & Monique ArkesteijnFaculty of Architecture and The Built Environment/Real Estate and Housing
Introduction
April 19, 2023 3
Life Cycle Costs of Dutch school buildingsPeter de Jong & Monique ArkesteijnFaculty of Architecture and The Built Environment/Real Estate and Housing
Operating costs related to the year of building – Benchmark HEVO and cases JvL
Research process
For each case the collected data was:• general data on the school• drawings, as supplied for the building permit• energy calculations (EPC) also as supplied for this permit• investment calculations, source municipality/governing
body of the school• operating costs for 2 years, source governing body of the
school• energy use• cleaning• maintenance (preventive) and service
April 19, 2023 4
Life Cycle Costs of Dutch school buildingsPeter de Jong & Monique ArkesteijnFaculty of Architecture and The Built Environment/Real Estate and Housing
Research process
Presentation of GPR results, on the left some remarkable qualities (in this case social secure, proper state of maintenance, good daylight and accessibility and good environmental materials) and the energy label, and on the right the performance on the 5 themes: Energy, Environment, Health, User Quality and Future Value.
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Life Cycle Costs of Dutch school buildingsPeter de Jong & Monique ArkesteijnFaculty of Architecture and The Built Environment/Real Estate and Housing
Life cycle costs
April 19, 2023 6
Life Cycle Costs of Dutch school buildingsPeter de Jong & Monique ArkesteijnFaculty of Architecture and The Built Environment/Real Estate and Housing
Graphical representation of costs (NEN-ISO, 2008)
Life cycle costs
April 19, 2023 7
Life Cycle Costs of Dutch school buildingsPeter de Jong & Monique ArkesteijnFaculty of Architecture and The Built Environment/Real Estate and Housing
Electricity
Natural gas
Building prices
Consumer index
Cases: Trinitas College, Johannes BoscoThe case of the Johannes Bosco is elaborated here as an example being a representative case.
General data Trinitas College, Building Johannes Bosco
Location Heerhugowaard, the Netherlands
Number of students (counted at 2010)
1200 at Johannes Bosco, of total 2300 at Trinitas College
Year completed 2007
Architect De Jong Gortemaker Algra
Investment costs(price index 2012)
€ 14.900.000,- ex. VAT€ 1.150 / m2 GFA
The building Johannes Bosco belongs to the Trinitas College, together with the Han Fortmann College. Both departments were procured at the same time.
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Life Cycle Costs of Dutch school buildingsPeter de Jong & Monique ArkesteijnFaculty of Architecture and The Built Environment/Real Estate and Housing
Cases: Trinitas College, Johannes Bosco
April 19, 2023 9
Life Cycle Costs of Dutch school buildingsPeter de Jong & Monique ArkesteijnFaculty of Architecture and The Built Environment/Real Estate and Housing
Cases (9)Niekee Roermond
Sevenwolden Heerenveen
April 19, 2023 10
Life Cycle Costs of Dutch school buildingsPeter de Jong & Monique ArkesteijnFaculty of Architecture and The Built Environment/Real Estate and Housing
Casp
aru
s W
eesp
Lek e
n L
ing
e
Cross case analysis
April 19, 2023 11
Life Cycle Costs of Dutch school buildingsPeter de Jong & Monique ArkesteijnFaculty of Architecture and The Built Environment/Real Estate and Housing
Operating costs related to the year of building – Benchmark HEVO and cases JvL
Cross case analysis
April 19, 2023 12
Life Cycle Costs of Dutch school buildingsPeter de Jong & Monique ArkesteijnFaculty of Architecture and The Built Environment/Real Estate and Housing
5 5.5 6 6.5 7 7.5 8 8.5 9 9.5 10 €1,000
€1,100
€1,200
€1,300
€1,400
€1,500
€1,600
A
B
C
D
E F
G
HI
5 5.5 6 6.5 7 7.5 8 8.5 9 9.5 10 €1,000
€1,100
€1,200
€1,300
€1,400
€1,500
€1,600
A
B
C
D
E F
G
HI
5 5.5 6 6.5 7 7.5 8 8.5 9 9.5 10 €1,000 €1,100 €1,200 €1,300 €1,400 €1,500 €1,600 €1,700 €1,800 €1,900 €2,000
5 5.5 6 6.5 7 7.5 8 8.5 9 9.5 10 €1,000
€1,100
€1,200
€1,300
€1,400
€1,500
€1,600
A
B
C
D
E F
G
HI
Energy Environment
Health User quality
Cross case analysis
April 19, 2023 13
Life Cycle Costs of Dutch school buildingsPeter de Jong & Monique ArkesteijnFaculty of Architecture and The Built Environment/Real Estate and Housing
Case Name LCC per m2
A Johannes Bosco € 2932B Niekée € 3201C Sevenwolden € 2915D Connect College € 3240E Casparus College € 3167F Insula College € 3539G Lek en Linge € 2719H SG Were Di € 2627I Westerpoort
College€ 2822
Case H, the comprehensive school Were Di is doing well due to:Low initial costs of € 1267 per m2 GFAVery low cleaning costs of € 8,50 per m2 GFAAverage maintenance costs of € 14,70 per m2 GFALow energy costs of € 12,10 per m2 GFA
Cross case analysis
April 19, 2023 14
Life Cycle Costs of Dutch school buildingsPeter de Jong & Monique ArkesteijnFaculty of Architecture and The Built Environment/Real Estate and Housing
Case Name LCC per m2
A Johannes Bosco € 2932B Niekée € 3201C Sevenwolden € 2915D Connect College € 3240E Casparus College € 3167F Insula College € 3539G Lek en Linge € 2719H SG Were Di € 2627I Westerpoort
College€ 2822
Case F, the Insula college is not doing well due to:Low initial costs of € 1255 per m2 GFAHigh cleaning costs of € 20 per m2 GFALow maintenance costs of € 11,60 per m2 GFAVery high energy costs of € 22,60 per m2 GFA
Cross case analysis
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Life Cycle Costs of Dutch school buildingsPeter de Jong & Monique ArkesteijnFaculty of Architecture and The Built Environment/Real Estate and Housing
• division of LCC in the standard scenario
Conclusion
• Focus (design process) on optimisation of initial costs and operating costs; LCC as tool.
• Follow-up, especially installations after completion.
• Theoretical performance (EPC) is not reached in most cases.
April 19, 2023 16
Life Cycle Costs of Dutch school buildingsPeter de Jong & Monique ArkesteijnFaculty of Architecture and The Built Environment/Real Estate and Housing
Conclusion
• Evans (1998): 1:5:200 (initial costs : building operating costs : corporate operating costs)
• Hughes (2004) and Ive (2007): 1:0,4-1,5:12-15 (initial costs : building operating costs ), limited # offices
• Delft (2012): 1:1,15-1,59(initial costs : building operating costs ), limited # schools
• Educational sector 79% staffing costs(to relate the Delft ratio to Evans)
• Building related costs modest, cost cutting minor positive impact, large negative impact on performance. Quality minor financial consequences, large positive impact on life cycle cost and user appreciation.April 19, 2023 17
Life Cycle Costs of Dutch school buildingsPeter de Jong & Monique ArkesteijnFaculty of Architecture and The Built Environment/Real Estate and Housing
Conclusion
• Building costs per m2 GFA versus performance on energy (GPR, higher score is better performance)
• Common fallacy sustainable buildings are more expensive is not correctlimited # schools, trend line is arguable
April 19, 2023 18
Life Cycle Costs of Dutch school buildingsPeter de Jong & Monique ArkesteijnFaculty of Architecture and The Built Environment/Real Estate and Housing
Questions
• Questions• Discussion• Information/copies
http://repository.tudelft.nl/Peter de Jong ([email protected])
April 19, 2023 19
Life Cycle Costs of Dutch school buildingsPeter de Jong & Monique ArkesteijnFaculty of Architecture and The Built Environment/Real Estate and Housing