lifecycle support in architectures for ontology-based information systems - iswc
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ISWC paper presentationTRANSCRIPT
AIFB
Lifecycle-Support in Architectures for Ontology-Lifecycle-Support in Architectures for Ontology-Based Information Systems (OIS)Based Information Systems (OIS)
ISWC Paper Presentation 2007ISWC Paper Presentation 2007
Duc Thanh TranDuc Thanh Tran, Peter Haase, Holger Lewen, Rudi Studer, Peter Haase, Holger Lewen, Rudi StuderAIFB, University of Karlsruhe AIFB, University of Karlsruhe
Óscar Muñoz-García, Asunción Gómez-Pérez Óscar Muñoz-García, Asunción Gómez-Pérez Universidad Politécnica de MadridUniversidad Politécnica de Madrid
Slide 2
MotivationMotivation
Limited number of OIS available
Engineering of OIS is a complex task, which involves – Software engineering – Ontology engineering– Ontology management throughout the entire lifecycle
State-of-the-art– Methodologies (e.g. CommonKADS) focus on knowledge
engineering – W3C guidelines focus on ontology developments– Existing ontology-based architectures do not tell…
Motivation Lifecycle Architecture NeOn Toolkit / FAO Application Summary / OutlookOverview
Slide 3
MotivationMotivation
Limited number of OIS available
Engineering of OIS is a complex task, which involves – Software engineering – Ontology engineering– Ontology management throughout the entire lifecycle
State-of-the-art– Methodologies (e.g. CommonKADS) focus on knowledge
engineering – W3C guidelines focus on ontology developments– Existing ontology-based architectures do not tell…
Motivation Lifecycle Architecture NeOn Toolkit / FAO Application Summary / OutlookOverview
•How are ontologies managed at runtime by the application?
•What services are needed to manage ontologies throughout the lifecycle?
Slide 4
ContributionsContributions
Elaborate also on usage-related lifecycle activities
Generic architecture of integrated OIS– For ontology engineering / ontology usage– For scenarios where usage and engineering activities are intertwined
Guidance for design of OIS with lifecycle-support
Implementation of the architecture: the NeOn toolkit – A concrete framework containing reusable components
Tools for development of OIS with lifecycle-support
Case study in the fishery domain – Application of the generic architecture and the NeOn toolkit
Motivation Lifecycle Architecture NeOn Toolkit / FAO Application Summary / OutlookOverview
Slide 5
Ontology Lifecycle in ApplicationsOntology Lifecycle in Applications
Ontology lifecycle in literature – Focus on ontology engineering– Loop triggered by new requirements
Elaborate on the actual usage of ontologies – Activities performed after ontology have been engineered– Lifecycle is more dynamic in that loop triggered by runtime usage
Motivation Lifecycle Architecture NeOn Toolkit / FAO Application Summary / OutlookOverview
Slide 6
Lifecycle requirements– Dynamic interaction of
engineering and usage activities
Layered Organization– Degree of abstraction– Control- and data flow
Presentation Layer– Thin client vs. Rich client
Logic Layer– Business services / objects– Platform services – Ontology related services
Data Layer– Ontological sources– Non-ontological sources
… follow software
engineering best practices
Generic OIS Architecture with Lifecycle Generic OIS Architecture with Lifecycle SupportSupport
Motivation Lifecycle Architecture NeOn Toolkit / FAO Application Summary / OutlookOverview
Slide 7
OIS Architecture – Ontology Related OIS Architecture – Ontology Related ServicesServices
Core services vs. higher level ontology lifecycle services
Top-down control flow between layers
Interactions within layers– May corresponds to the structure of lifecycle activities, e.g. sequential flow– Actual interaction depends on particular workflow of the use case
Motivation Lifecycle Architecture NeOn Toolkit / FAO Application Summary / OutlookOverview
Slide 8
OIS Architecture – Core Ontology ServicesOIS Architecture – Core Ontology Services
Find and publish ontologies
Access, manipulation and storage of – Ontology – Ontology elements
Reason over ontologies
Motivation Lifecycle Architecture NeOn Toolkit / FAO Application Summary / OutlookOverview
Slide 9
OIS Architecture – Core Ontology ServicesOIS Architecture – Core Ontology Services
Find and publish ontologies
Access, manipulation and storage of – Ontology – Ontology elements
Reason over ontologies
Motivation Lifecycle Architecture NeOn Toolkit / FAO Application Summary / OutlookOverview
Slide 10
OIS Architecture – Core Ontology ServicesOIS Architecture – Core Ontology Services
Find and publish ontologies
Access, manipulation and storage of – Ontology – Ontology elements
Reason over ontologies
Motivation Lifecycle Architecture NeOn Toolkit / FAO Application Summary / OutlookOverview
Slide 11
OIS Architecture – Core Ontology ServicesOIS Architecture – Core Ontology Services
Find and publish ontologies
Access, manipulation and storage of – Ontology – Ontology elements
Reason over ontologies
Motivation Lifecycle Architecture NeOn Toolkit / FAO Application Summary / OutlookOverview
Slide 12
OIS Architecture – Ontology Engineering OIS Architecture – Ontology Engineering ServicesServices
Services for engineering activities – Requirement analysis: retrieval and reasoning tasks / non functional – Ontology Engineering – Ontology Integration – Ontology Evaluation
Motivation Lifecycle Architecture NeOn Toolkit / FAO Application Summary / OutlookOverview
Slide 13
OIS Architecture – Ontology Engineering OIS Architecture – Ontology Engineering ServicesServices
Services for engineering activities – Requirement analysis– Ontology Engineering– Ontology Integration – Ontology Evaluation
Motivation Lifecycle Architecture NeOn Toolkit / FAO Application Summary / OutlookOverview
Slide 14
OIS Architecture – Ontology Engineering OIS Architecture – Ontology Engineering ServicesServices
Services for engineering activities – Requirement analysis– Ontology Engineering: reuse – Ontology Integration – Ontology Evaluation
Motivation Lifecycle Architecture NeOn Toolkit / FAO Application Summary / OutlookOverview
Slide 15
OIS Architecture – Ontology Engineering OIS Architecture – Ontology Engineering ServicesServices
Services for engineering activities – Requirement analysis – Ontology Engineering: reuse – Ontology Integration – Ontology Evaluation
Motivation Lifecycle Architecture NeOn Toolkit / FAO Application Summary / OutlookOverview
Slide 16
OIS Architecture – Ontology Engineering OIS Architecture – Ontology Engineering ServicesServices
Services for engineering activities – Requirement analysis – Ontology Engineering: reuse – Ontology Integration – Ontology Evaluation
Motivation Lifecycle Architecture NeOn Toolkit / FAO Application Summary / OutlookOverview
Slide 17
OIS Architecture – Ontology Engineering OIS Architecture – Ontology Engineering ServicesServices
Services for engineering activities – Requirement analysis– Ontology Engineering– Ontology Integration – Ontology Evaluation
Motivation Lifecycle Architecture NeOn Toolkit / FAO Application Summary / OutlookOverview
Slide 18
OIS Architecture – Ontology Engineering OIS Architecture – Ontology Engineering ServicesServices
Services for engineering activities – Requirement analysis– Ontology Engineering– Ontology Integration – Ontology Evaluation
Motivation Lifecycle Architecture NeOn Toolkit / FAO Application Summary / OutlookOverview
Slide 19
OIS Architecture – Ontology Engineering OIS Architecture – Ontology Engineering ServicesServices
Services for engineering activities – Requirement analysis – Ontology Engineering – Ontology Integration– Ontology Evaluation
Motivation Lifecycle Architecture NeOn Toolkit / FAO Application Summary / OutlookOverview
Slide 20
OIS Architecture – Ontology Engineering OIS Architecture – Ontology Engineering ServicesServices
Services for engineering activities – Requirement analysis – Ontology Engineering – Ontology Integration – Ontology Evaluation
Motivation Lifecycle Architecture NeOn Toolkit / FAO Application Summary / OutlookOverview
Slide 21
OIS Architecture – Ontology Engineering OIS Architecture – Ontology Engineering ServicesServices
Services for engineering activities – Requirement analysis – Ontology Engineering – Ontology Integration – Ontology Evaluation
Motivation Lifecycle Architecture NeOn Toolkit / FAO Application Summary / OutlookOverview
Slide 22
OIS Architecture – Ontology Engineering OIS Architecture – Ontology Engineering ServicesServices
Services for engineering activities – Requirement analysis – Ontology Engineering – Ontology Integration – Ontology Evaluation
Motivation Lifecycle Architecture NeOn Toolkit / FAO Application Summary / OutlookOverview
Slide 23
OIS Architecture – Ontology Engineering OIS Architecture – Ontology Engineering ServicesServices
Services for engineering activities – Requirement analysis – Ontology Engineering – Ontology Integration – Ontology Evaluation
Motivation Lifecycle Architecture NeOn Toolkit / FAO Application Summary / OutlookOverview
Slide 24
OIS Architecture – Ontology Usage OIS Architecture – Ontology Usage ServicesServices
Application-specific usage services – Involve reasoning, retrieval and other tasks enabled by ontologies– Implement use cases
Lifecycle usage services
Motivation Lifecycle Architecture NeOn Toolkit / FAO Application Summary / OutlookOverview
Slide 25
OIS Architecture – Ontology Usage OIS Architecture – Ontology Usage ServicesServices
Application-specific usage services Lifecycle usage services
– Population – Cleansing – Fusion
Motivation Lifecycle Architecture NeOn Toolkit / FAO Application Summary / OutlookOverview
Slide 26
OIS Architecture – Ontology Usage OIS Architecture – Ontology Usage ServicesServices
Application-specific usage services Lifecycle usage services
– Population – Cleansing – Fusion
Motivation Lifecycle Architecture NeOn Toolkit / FAO Application Summary / OutlookOverview
Slide 27
OIS Architecture – Ontology Usage OIS Architecture – Ontology Usage ServicesServices
Application-specific usage services Lifecycle usage services
– Population – Cleansing – Fusion
Motivation Lifecycle Architecture NeOn Toolkit / FAO Application Summary / OutlookOverview
Slide 28
OIS Architecture – Ontology Usage OIS Architecture – Ontology Usage ServicesServices
Application-specific usage services Lifecycle usage services Feedback Loop
Motivation Lifecycle Architecture NeOn Toolkit / FAO Application Summary / OutlookOverview
Evolution Support
Evolution Support
Slide 29
Example Application in the Fishery DomainExample Application in the Fishery Domain
FAO– Food and Agriculture Organization
of the United Nations – Case Study in the NeOn project
Fish Stock Depletion Assessment System– Bringing together related and relevant information– Discover and assess resources related to stock
depletion and – Decision support for fisheries managers
Motivation Lifecycle Architecture NeOn Toolkit / FAO Application Summary / OutlookOverview
Slide 30
FAO Case Study Requirements FAO Case Study Requirements
FSDAS usage requirements– Ubiquitous and easy access to
• status of fish stock• factors affecting fish depletion
– Integration of data sources
Ontology engineering requirements– Reuse, refine, map, populate– Networked and distributed
ontologies – Support for ontology experts,
subject experts, developers
Motivation Lifecycle Architecture NeOn Toolkit / FAO Application Summary / OutlookOverview
Slide 31
Application – Design and ImplementationApplication – Design and Implementation
NeOn Toolkit– Implementation of the generic architecture– Infrastructure and reusable software components
Generic architecture and NeOn Toolkit as design guidelines and reusable components to
– Match technical requirements• Design guidelines to choose concrete architecture paradigm• Degree of distribution, coupling and granularity of components
– Match functional requirements against generic services and components of NeOn Toolkit
• Usage only vs. engineering only • Full-fledged integrated system
Motivation Lifecycle Architecture NeOn Toolkit / FAO Application Summary / OutlookOverview
Slide 32
Application – Matching RequirementsApplication – Matching Requirements
Web-based application – For end users – Ubiquitous access
Motivation Lifecycle Architecture NeOn Toolkit / FAO Application Summary / OutlookOverview
Slide 33
Application – Matching RequirementsApplication – Matching Requirements
Web-based application – For end users – Ubiquitous access
Rich client application – For ontology engineers– Rich set of tools
Realized as bundle of– NeOn Lifecycle services– Loosely coupled services – Tightly coupled
components
Motivation Lifecycle Architecture NeOn Toolkit / FAO Application Summary / OutlookOverview
Slide 34
Application – Matching RequirementsApplication – Matching Requirements
Web-based application – For end users – Ubiquitous access
Rich client application – For ontology engineers– Rich set of tools
Realized as bundle of– NeOn Lifecycle services– Loosely coupled services – Tightly coupled
components
NeOn backend infrastructure
– Based on OSGi– Core ontology services
Motivation Lifecycle Architecture NeOn Toolkit / FAO Application Summary / OutlookOverview
Slide 35
Application – Matching RequirementsApplication – Matching Requirements
Web-based application – For end users – Ubiquitous access
Rich client application – For ontology engineers– Rich set of tools
Realized as bundle of– NeOn Lifecycle services– Loosely coupled services – Tightly coupled
components
NeOn backend infrastructure
– Based on OSGi– Core ontology services
Motivation Lifecycle Architecture NeOn Toolkit / FAO Application Summary / OutlookOverview
Slide 36
ConclusionsConclusions
Generic Architecture– Guidance for the design of OIS with lifecycle support– For use cases where ontology usage and engineering are
intertwined at runtime dynamic feedback loop
NeOn Toolkit – Implementation of generic architecture– Reusable lifecycle components from / for the community– For the implementation of OIS with lifecycle support
Future Work– Add further components to the toolkit – Promote integration of tools developed by the community– Best practices for design and implementation of OIS
Motivation Lifecycle Architecture NeOn Toolkit / FAO Application Summary / OutlookOverview
Slide 37
THANK YOUTHANK YOU