light vs depth
DESCRIPTION
Light vs depth. Productivity vs depth. Productivity vs Light. PG – Gross Primary Productivity PN – Net Primary Productivity R - Respiration Pmax – maximal photosynthesis value Ic – compensation light intensity. Found near Upwelling Areas. Primary Productivity. SeaWifs Satellite. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Productivity vs Light
PG – Gross Primary Productivity
PN – Net Primary Productivity
R - Respiration
Pmax – maximal photosynthesis value
Ic – compensation light intensity
Protists - ZooplanktonA. Foraminifera (Forams)Foraminifera (Forams)
• Test (shell) made of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) or agglutinated sediment particles
• Fossil tests used to age geological deposits
• Feed by extending pseudopodia through pores in test
• Pelagic forms (calcareous)
• Often have spines
• Tests may form foraminiferan oozes, esp. in shallow water beneath tropics (white cliffs of Dover – England)
• Benthic forms (calcareous or agglutinated)
• Calcareous tests can be important sources of sand for beaches
Protists - ZooplanktonA. Foraminifera (Forams)Foraminifera (Forams)
Southern England: White Cliffs of Dover
Protists - ZooplanktonA. Foraminifera (Forams)Foraminifera (Forams)
http://earthguide.ucsd.edu/earthguide/imagelibrary/orbulinauniversa.html
http://www.ucl.ac.uk/GeolSci/micropal/foram.html
Multicellular Algae - SeaweedA. Green Algae (Chlorophytes)Green Algae (Chlorophytes)
• Enteromorpha• Often found in polluted areas; Used as bioassay tool
• Ulva (Sea Lettuce)• Found in areas with high nutrient levels
• Valonia (Bubble Algae)• Tropical and subtropical
• Caulerpa• Invasive species (C. taxifolia)
• Codium (Dead Man’s Fingers)• Multinucleated
• Halimeda• Calcareous alga
Ulva
ValoniaCaulerpa
Multicellular Algae - SeaweedA. Green Algae (Chlorophytes)Green Algae (Chlorophytes)
• Enteromorpha• Often found in polluted areas; Used as bioassay tool
• Ulva (Sea Lettuce)• Found in areas with high nutrient levels
• Valonia (Bubble Algae)• Tropical and subtropical
• Caulerpa• Invasive species (C. taxifolia)
• Codium (Dead Man’s Fingers)• Multinucleated
• Halimeda• Calcareous alga
Codium
Halimeda
Multicellular Algae - SeaweedB. Brown Algae (Phaeophyta)Brown Algae (Phaeophyta)
Padina
Sargassum
• Fucus (Rockweeds)• Intertidal and subtidal species; Ecologically important
• Laminaria (Kelp)• Some species consist of a single blade
• Commonly used for food
• Postelsia (Sea Palm)• Usually on exposed rocky shorelines
Laminaria
Laminaria
Fucus
Multicellular Algae - SeaweedB. Brown Algae (Phaeophyta)Brown Algae (Phaeophyta)
• Egregia (Feather Boa)• Common on rocky Pacific coast
• Pelagophycus (Elk Kelp)• Large float
Multicellular Algae - SeaweedB. Brown Algae (Phaeophyta)Brown Algae (Phaeophyta)• Macrocystis (Giant Kelp)
• May reach 100 m and grow up to 50 cm day-1
• Most common in cold water
Multicellular Algae - SeaweedB. Brown Algae (Phaeophyta)Brown Algae (Phaeophyta)• Macrocystis (Giant Kelp)
• May reach 100 m and grow up to 50 cm day-1
• Most common in cold water
Multicellular Algae - SeaweedC. Red Algae (Rhodophyta)Red Algae (Rhodophyta)• Common in shallow water
• Contain accessory pigments called phycobilins
• Structurally less complex than brown algae
• May be heterotrophic or parasitic
• Some incorporate calcium carbonate into tissues (Why?)
• Coralline red algae
• Many are commercially important
Porphyra
Sebdenia
Halimeda
Multicellular Algae - SeaweedE. Economic Uses of KelpEconomic Uses of Kelp1. Food Source
2. Productsa. Phycocolloids
• Algin (Extracted from kelp; harvested with boats)
• Carrageenan (Extracted from red algae)
• Emulsifier for dairy products, toothpaste, puddings
• Agar (Extracted from red algae)
• Used to form jellies, thicken mixtures
• Preserves, pharmaceutical applications
b. Other
• Fertilizers, additives in animal feeds
Flowering Plants (Angiosperms)A. Seagrasses (50 – 60 species)Seagrasses (50 – 60 species)• Not true grasses (related to lilies)
• Roots, stems and shoots grow from horizontal rhizome
• Flowers typically small and inconspicuous (Why?)
Flowering Plants (Angiosperms)A. Seagrasses (50 – 60 species)Seagrasses (50 – 60 species)
1. Eelgrass (Zostera) – Temperate Atl, Pac; Tropical Pac
Eelgrass (Zostera marina)
Flowering Plants (Angiosperms)A. Seagrasses (50 – 60 species)Seagrasses (50 – 60 species)
2. Surf grass (Phyllospadix) – Temperate Pac
Surf Grass (Phyllospadix scouleri)
Flowering Plants (Angiosperms)A. Seagrasses (50 – 60 species)Seagrasses (50 – 60 species)
3. Turtle grass (Thalassia) – Tropical
Flowering Plants (Angiosperms)B. Salt MarshesSalt Marshes
1. Cord grass (Spartina)
2. Pickleweed (Salicornia) Spartina
Salicornia
Flowering Plants (Angiosperms)B. Salt MarshesSalt Marshes
1. Cord grass (Spartina)
2. Pickleweed (Salicornia)Spartina
Salicornia