Liqueurs

Whisky

Vodka

Gin

Rum

Brandy

TequilaDisti

llatio

n Fermented Ethanol is heated. The vapors from this process

are trapped and cooled to create a purer form of

alcohol; liquor.How

Alc

ohol

is M

ade

Wheat

Apples

Cereals

Grapes

Sugar Cane

Potatoes

Fermentation

Yeast is added to the plant activating fermentation where sugar is converted into CO2 and Ethanol. The Ethanol kills the yeast

after an amount of it has been produced.

Plants

-Or-

.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

Alcohol in oz

5% 12% 40%.5 .5 .5

ARL

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

Alcohol by volume (%)

Beer;12oz

Wine;5oz

liquor;1.5oz

Alcohol Research Lab: Ethanol is the same intoxicant in beer, wine, and liquor.

The speed at which alcohol spreads throughout the body depends on several factors:

The higher the concentration of alcohol the quicker intoxication occurs.

Factors: Age, weight, gender, genetics, food intake, fitness, and alcohol mixer

ARL

Alcohol in the Body

Level 1Stomach

Alcohol and the Stomach

20% of consumed alcohol is absorbed through the stomach

lining and enters the blood stream

Alcohol irritates the stomach lining and in certain amounts causes

vomiting

Large amounts of alcohol increases stomach acid levels leading to

ulcers and gastritis

Exit

Alcohol and the Small Intestines

80% on consumed alcohol is absorbed through the lining of the intestine into

the bloodstream

Alcohol affects the ability of the small intestine to process nutrients from

food

Level 2Small Intestines

Alcohol and the Liver

Alcohol is metabolized in the liver (about 80%)

Alcohol can cause multiple liver complications such as:

hypoglycemia, fatty liver, and liver disease

Alcohol is metabolized at a rate of .5 oz an hour

Level 3 Liver

Level 4Brain

The effects of intoxication are not felt until alcohol

reaches the brain

The brain is the organ that is most affected by alcohol

Alcohol and the Brain

MEN

Alcohol’s Affects on the Brain

-Cerebral Cortex-Function: • Processes information from the senses, involved in thought processing and consciousness, initiates most voluntary muscle movement.Alcohol’s Affect:• Depresses behavioral inhibitory centers (more talkative and self confident)• Slows down processing of information from senses (trouble seeing, hearing, etc.)o Threshold for pain is raised • Inhibits thought processing (poor decision making)

TNT

MEN

Alcohol’s Affects on the Brain

-Limbic System-

Function: • Controls emotions and memory.

Alcohol’s Affect:• Exaggerated states of emotion (anger, aggressiveness, withdrawal)• Memory loss

? @#%&!

MEN

Alcohol’s Affects on the Brain

-Cerebellum-Function: • Controls balance, coordinates the movement of muscles, responsible for fine movement (touching your nose with your eyes closed).Alcohol’s Affect:• Interrupts communication between brain and muscles (uncoordinated movements).• Disrupts fine muscle movement involved in maintaining balance (you fall down).

!!!!!

!!!!! !!!!!

MEN

Alcohol’s Affects on the Brain

-Hypothalamus and Pituitary gland-

Function: • Controls chemical functions and impulses.

Alcohol’s Affect:• Depresses nerve centers in hypothalamus that control sexual arousal and performance (sexual desire increases as sexual performance decreases).• Depresses secretion of anti-diuretic hormone (the kidneys produce more urine).

MEN

MEN

Alcohol’s Affects on the Brain

-Medulla-

Function: • Controls all non-conscious bodily functions (breathing, heart rate, temperature, consciousness).

Alcohol’s Affect:• Person becomes sleepy and may lose consciousness.• Large amounts of alcohol shut down the Medulla’s unconscious bodily functions such as breathing.• Blood pressure and body temperature fall

ZZZZ

Euph

oria

Time

0.04-0.06 BAC: Feeling of well-being, relaxation, lower inhibitions, sensation of

warmth. Euphoria. Some minor impairment of reasoning and memory, lowering of caution. Your behavior may

become exaggerated and emotions intensified (Good emotions are better, bad

emotions are worse)

0.02-0.03 BAC: No loss of coordination, slight euphoria and loss of shyness.

Depressant effects are not apparent. Mildly relaxed and maybe a little

lightheaded.

0.07-0.09 BAC: Slight impairment of balance, speech, vision, reaction time, and

hearing. Euphoria. Judgment and self-control are reduced, and caution, reason

and memory are impaired.0.10-0.125 BAC: Significant

impairment of motor coordination and loss of good judgment. Speech

may be slurred; balance, vision, reaction time and hearing will be

impaired. Euphoria.

0.13-0.15 BAC: Gross motor impairment and lack of physical

control. Blurred vision and major loss of balance. Euphoria is reduced and dysphoria (anxiety, restlessness)

is beginning to appear. Judgment and perception are severely

impaired.

0.16-0.19 BAC: Dysphoria predominates, nausea may appear. The drinker has the appearance of a

"sloppy drunk."

0.25 BAC: All mental, physical and sensory functions are severely impaired. Increased risk of asphyxiation from choking on vomit and of seriously injuring yourself by falls or

other accidents.

0.30 BAC: STUPOR. You have little comprehension of where you are. You may

pass out suddenly and be difficult to awaken.

0.35 BAC: Coma is possible. This is the level of surgical anesthesia.

0.40 BAC and up: Onset of coma, and possible death due to

respiratory arrest.

Legally intoxicated .08Minimum for death to

occur .3

0.20 BAC: Feeling dazed, confused or otherwise disoriented. May need help to stand or walk. If you injure yourself you

may not feel the pain. Some people experience nausea and vomiting at this

level. The gag reflex is impaired and you can choke if you do vomit. Blackouts are likely

at this level so you may not remember what has happened.

Alcohol and the Adolescent Brain

Listening

Sleeping

XboxResting

Self-awareness

adve

ntur

e apathyGood

restraint

TUDE

Passwords

Evil

Blin

king

F o r g e t t I n g

Frien

ds

lolz

Jingles

napping

Day dreaming Attention

Side

burn

s

When lifelong habits form:

• Brand selection• Work skills, social skills, language, etc.• Taste in music and

clothing

Adolescence is the transition from childhood to adulthood

• Puberty• New Freedoms

• Changes in the Brain (built to learn)

• Conflicts with parents

The adolescent brain is a work in progress

During adolescence the brain develops;

self control, judgment, emotions, and organization

It is built to acquire information, adapt,

and learn

Alcohols affects: Decreased problem

solving skills

decreased; verbal and non-verbal retrieval,

visiospatial skills, and working memory

Blunts emotional reactivity; Aggressive

behavior, poor self control, impaired decision making

Alcohol has long lasting affects on the adolescent brain as it

impairs the growth and integrity of

certain brain structures

18 year old3 year history4 times a week

16 year old2 year historyDaily use

Healthy Brain

28 year old10 year historyMostly weekend

Alcohol Fast Facts