SEQUENCE• AIM• OBJECTIVES• INTRODUCTION• THE DEVELOPMENT OF LIQUID

EXPLOSIVES AND THEIR USE• TYPES OF LIQUID EXPLOISVE

MIXTURES• HOW DO LIQUID EXPLOISVE WORK• HOW TERRORIST MADE LIQUID

BOMB IN SOFT DRINK BOTTLE

• HOW IT BECAME A MAJOR THREAT TO AIR TRANSPORTATION INDUSTRY

• PRIME LOCATION• HOW HARD TO SCREEN LIQUID

EXPLOSIVE• CONCLUSION

AIM

• TO GIVE KNOWLEDGE ABOUT LIQUID EXPLOSIVE AND HOW IT BECAME A MAJOR THREAT IN AIR TRANSPORTATION INDUSTRY.

OBJECTIVES

INTRODUCTION

• A. LIQUID • B. SUSPENSION • C. EMULSION

SHOCKFRICTION OR HEAT

THE DEVELOPMENT OF LIQUID EXPLOSIVES AND

THEIR USE

NITROGLYCERIN

• HEAVY, OILY, COLORLESS• USES

MANUFACTURE OF DYNAMITECONSTRUCTION DEMOLITION

BCEAUSE IT'S CLEAR AND OILY, NITROGLYCERIN WOULD BE EASY TO CONCEAL IN LOTION OR

SHAMPOO BOTTLES

NITRO GLYCOL• SIMILAR TO NITROGLYCERIN• 100 MORE VOLATILE• UNSAFE• VAPOR PRESSURE HIGH

CHARACTERISTICS• APPEARANCE: AN OILY, CLEAR

LIQUID, OFTEN YELLOWISH

NITROMETHANE• DEVELOPED 1872• ACCCIDENT DURING TRANS PORT• V of D 6300 m /s• USES

FUEL FOR RACE CARS

HYDROGEN PEROXIDE

• NOT USED AN EXPLOSIVE (PURE)• USE FOR COMMERCIAL AND MEDICAL

TYPES OF LIQUID EXPLOISVE MIXTURES

ASTROLITE A AND ASTROLITE G • TRADE NAME OF FAMILY OF

EXPLOSIVE• GERALD HURST • HIGH EXPLOSIVE MIXTURES• USE FOR

COMMERCIAL & CIVIL BLASTING

ASTROLITE G

• CLEAR,VISCOUS, LIQUID

• STABLE HIGH EXPLOSIVE

• VOF D 8600 m /s• MOST POWER FULL

‘NON NUCLEAR EXPLOSIVE’

PLX

• LIQUID BINARY EXPLOSIVENM & EDA

• TRANSPARENT WITH YELLOWISH TINT

• MIXED ON SITE• V of D 7000 m /s

WATER GEL TYPE EXPLOSIVES

• IMPROVE THE RESISTANCE TO WATER

• WATER WITH GELLING AGENT• TWO GOALS

WATER PROOFING ABOVE DENCITY

HOW DO LIQUID EXPLOISVE WORK

SHOCK /FRICTION /HEAT

LIQUED EXPLOSIVE

CHAIN REACTION

HOW IT BECAME A MAJOR THREAT TO AIR TRANSPORTATION

INDUSTRY

LIQUID LIQUID BOMBBOMB

HOW TERRORIST MADE LIQUID BOMB IN SOFT DRINK BOTTLE

HIDDEN BOMB

PRIME LOCATION

• NEAR THE SKIN OF THE AIRPLANE• RIGHT NEXT TO THE SIDE • PREFEBLY WINDOW

WHY WOULD TERRORISTS WANT TO USE LIQUID EXPLOSIVES?

• NO NEED DETONATORS• CELL PHONE OR MP 3 PLAYER • COSMETIC CONTAINER OR BEVERAGE

BOTTLE• CAN BE MADE COMMON INGREDIENT • SEPARATE CONTAINERS INGREDIANT A & B• EASY TO INITIATE

(Burning Cigarette or match)

HOW HARD TO SCREEN LIQUID EXPLOSIVEHOW HARD TO SCREEN LIQUID EXPLOSIVE

LIQUID EXPLOSIVE DETECTION SYSTEM

DISADVANTAGES• VOLATILE• TOXITY• SET OFF BY

– STRAY SPARK– A CHANGE IN TEMPERATURE– EXPOSURE TO SUNLIGHT– ACCIDENTAL BUMP

CONCLUSION

HMTD AND TATPHMTD AND TATP

– Initiator

TATP

HMTDHMTD TATPTATP

HMTD &TATP• HMTD - HOME MADE EXPLOSIVE

• TATP - INITIATORCAN BE MADE

HAIR TREATMENTNAIL POLICEDRAIN CLEANERCAR BATTERY

• SENSITIVE TO HEAT, SHOCK, AND FRICTION

• CAN BE INITIATED SIMPLY WITH FIRE OR ELECTRICAL CHARGE OR IMPROVISED DETONATORS

THANK YOU