Non Western Cataloging LIS 653-03 Knowledge Organization

Korean Cataloging: Strategies and Solutions

Allison Grillo

Many institutions in Korea use the Korean Decimal System, which was created after adopting Dewey Decimal System; the two are very similar.

Due to the complexity and occasional ambiguity of both the Korean language and its script, Hangul, Korean libraries have instituted unique qualities in their classification systems.

Cataloging Materials Relating to Indigenous Peoples

Joan Markey

Both the Dewey Decimal System and the Library of Congress Classification System use classification schemes based on Western philosophy. Neither is well-suited to classifying indigenous materials. In the late 1960s and early 1970s, a few classification schemes were developed for these materials. The introduction of the OCLC created a barrier to such schemes because the materials classified by the use of other schemes could not be easily integrated into it. As a result, there has been a change in emphasis towards developing additional local subject heading lists and thesauri .

Middle Eastern Cataloging :

Timothy R Fischer

Cataloging across this region is faced with the challenge of representing languages unrelated to the Indo-European languages of the Western world. Modern cataloging systems are western in origin must be adapted to languages such as Arabic, which are literally written backwards in relation to English. The lack of modern cataloging well into the 20th

century led to adoption broad adoption of adapted AACR2, Library of Congress and Dewey Decimal System rules.

JAPAN/MARC: Cataloguing in Japanese

Elizabeth Beller

JAPAN/MARC format following the Nippon Cataloging Rule convention uses a Description Independent System or DIS. Fields for author, title, and subject allow for three values; one for mixed kanji & kana scripts, one for katakana and one for Romanized letters or Romanji. A combination of 1 byte and 2 byte scripts are employed in encoding JAPAN/MARC.

Libraries

OPAC Enhancements• Tags• Reviews• Recommendations• Other Editions

Social discovery system used by

FolksonomiesFound in public & academic libraries

Ganesha, Lordof Auspicious Beginnings

Ganesha prepares to throw his lotus in order to kill the demon of egotism who had attacked him. Unable to bear the fragrance of thedivine flower, the demon surrenders.

Ganesha knows there are difficult times ahead for some.

He protects them with his axe, or parashu, in gentle

ways from evils they have attracted.

Ganesha holds thedagger, or chhuri, keenly sharp, likened to the "razor's edge," the narrow, difficult path the spiritual aspirant must walk.

Controlled Vocabularies

Museums

Geotagging

Folksonomies, Controlled Vocabularies, and Cultural Heritage

Using tags to increase access and promote learning

Caitlyn MarinoValerie Livingston

Jeff EdelsteinJordan deButts

LIS 653-03 Knowledge OrganizationSpring 2012

Using geographic location tags to:• Connect • Share• Learn • Discover• Remember• Be heard

Raises questions…Is there a limit? Where is the line between public and private?

Geotagged voice notes

Tags provide highly detailed lists of what is depicted:

tail legbellytusk eartrunk

The associations users make have personal meaning:

pipe wall ropepillarfan tree branch

But they may miss the elephant in the room.

What’s in the picture isn’t always what it’s about.

Tagging Art & Cultural Objects: A Fable

An Examination of Digital Museum Collections: Enhancing and Expanding the Information Seeking Experience

The Metropolitan Museum of Art’s recent webpage redesign in 2009 sets a new standard for the digitization, organization and display of art history materials. By assimilating primary source ob-jects with secondary reference resources, it creates an experience that merges a museum visit with a library of research. Social networking, tagging and interactive features make this website a leading resource in the field and is setting the new standard for all digital museum collections.

The Baroque Wall-Libary System Philosophy Applied to Museum Digital

Collections by Bess Goden

- The Baroque wall-library system was orga-nized in such a way that the learned user of the time would be able to find the book of their subject, as the books were arranged in the ‘natural order of subjects’, placed in de-scending importance from left to right.- Similarly the Met website mirrors the expe-diency of this system through the variety of catalog unrelated main access points.-Much as in how items in a museum are or-ganized, a user can walk through the pages of this website with the information laid out in front of them. The user can at once locate specific information based on visual cues and an assumed natural order, and browse for similar information as links to similar subject headings and object descriptions are physically grouped together on the page.

Bridging the Gap Between Museums and the Community

by Alma LemburgThe Met Museum has been involved in projects to bring the community into their collections and into art in general. Digital museums greatest challenge is finding a way to bridge the gap between scholars and its’ community. The Met has been used as an example in a few different studies having to do with digital museums, such as the steve.museum tagging project and googleart. It is necessary to figure out a way to incor-porate the community while still making the collection accessible to historians and those who have a familiar background to the collection. Social tagging can be the bridge between the two. Finding a common language becomes the important factor in new studies. In its new inception (April 2012) Googlart is a mass digital collection, bringing the community into the art world, that may make tagging obsolete.

Solid Foundation and Strong Community: From Seattle to D.C.

by Jesse Brauner

- Technology allows musuems to expand and display their collections to a wide audience-In order to use that technology effectively, the system being created must be based on estab-lished organizational principles-Information technology advancements have offered museums many new opportunities , i.e. -The Experience Music Project (EMP, Seattle, 1990’s) drew from multiple organizational/clas-sification systems to catalog their materials-Technology has also allowed museums to vastly increase their role and presence within the com-munity and to frame cultural identity in new ways. i.e. NMAI Virtual Tour-Technology allowed Native American children to personally catalog and describe cultural artifacts as well as show their history to museum visitors more clearly than ever before

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Linked Open Data in Libraries, Archives, & Museums

References1. “About,” LODLAM (2012) Retrieved April 20, 2012 http://lod-

lam.net/summit/about/2. Berners-Lee, T. (2009, June 18). Linked Data. Retrieved March 20,

2012, from http://www.w3.org/DesignIssues/LinkedData 3. Europeana. (n.d.). Open Linked Data and Europeana. Kennisland:

Zeinstra, M., & Keller, P.4. Kelley, M. (2011, Aug. 31), How the W3C Has Come To Love Library

Linked Data. Library Journal Retrieved April 20, 2012 from http://www.libraryjournal.com/lj/home/891826-264/how_the_w3c_has_come.html.csp

Linked Open Data in Libraries, Archives, &MuseumsOrigins in electronic library catalogs from the 1970s (e.g., WorldCat, which was created in 1971).Moreover, the development of library standards, such as MARC or Z39.50, were designed only for thelibrary community in the 1960s and 1970s, respectively.

The LOD/LAM InitiativeInternational Linked Open Data in Libraries, Archives, and Museums Summit (“LOD-LAM”):•Identify the tools and techniques for publishing and working with Linked Open Data.•Draft precedents and policy for licensing and copyright considerations regarding the publishing oflibrary, archive, and museum metadata.•Publish definitions and promote use cases that will give LAM staff the tools they need to advocatefor Linked Open Data in their institutions.

Libraries, Archives, Museums•W3C Library Linked Data Incubator Group•Mash-ups, Crowdsourcing and collaboration: Historypin and the National Archives 2010 NationalArchive Photo Contest•Museum design patterns

Linking Open Data cloud diagram, by Richard Cyganiak and Anja Jentzsch. http://lod-cloud.net/

Cloud Diagram• Based on metadata that is

collected and curated bycontributors to the CKANDirectory

• 295 datasets• Arrows indicate an

existence of at least 50links between 2 datasets

Real World Examples

EUROPEANA• Research began in 2008• Accumulated 24 million texts, images,

videos, and sounds• Pilot was released in 2012• No open search interface• Data.europeana.eu

Dilemmas which are hinderingactual use of LOD in LAMReluctance• Linked open data, a concept based on reusing and sharing across

communities is hard to establish with information silo.

Copyright/Licensing• There is no consensus weather open data must have a clear copyright

and an open license.

Provenance• How do you know the information is trustworthy?

Free Your Metadata

Bobby SmileyClaire NormanJulie HunterRafael Baylor

653-03 Knowledge OrganizationSpring 2012

© THEME BY DARLIEECIOUSS

BRITISH MUSEUM• Taken their collection and converted the

information to computer readable formatwith triples

• Provides more search options• http://www.britishmuseum.org/research/sear

ch_the_collection_database.aspx

Linked Data Principles1. Use URIs as names for things2. Use HTTP URIs so the people can look up those names3. When someone looks up a URI provide useful information

using standards4. Include links to other URIs so that they can discover more

things

Musician Knows Movie Star

Reporter

Performed atMusic Fest

Concert Hall

Critic Friends with

RDF Triples• An elegant way to create data relationships• Machine readable and Scalable

Subject Predicate Object

SPARQL• RDF query language• Retrieves and manipulates RDF datasets• W3C recommended as the Linked Data standard since 2008