List of X-rays

LOCOMOTOR SYSTÉM

1. Head – axial and lateral projection

2. Cervical part of the spine – axial and lateral projection

3. Thoracic part of the spine – axial and lateral projection

4. Lumbar part of the spine – axial and lateral projection

5. Shoulder joint – axial projection

6. Elbow joint – axial and lateral projection

7. Wrist + hand (child) – axial projection

8. Wrist + hand (adult) – axial projection

9. Pelvis – axial projection

10. Knee joint – axial and lateral projection

11. Foot – dorsoplantar and lateral projection

12. Chest – axial projection

Head axial projection

sagittal suture

lambdoid suture frontal sinus

ethmoidal air cells

nasal septum

mastoid air cells

maxillary sinus

superior orbital fissure

angle of mandible

zygomatic arch

cribriform plate

superior border of petrous bone

ramus of mandible

maxilla inferior nasal concha

right orbit

fronto-zygom. suture

mandibular canal

mastoid process

roof of right orbit

nasal septum

nasal aperture

supraorbital margin

tooth

Head lateral projection

frontal sinus

palatine process

of maxilla

maxillary sinus

sphenoid sinus

hypoglossal

fossa

external/internal

acoustic meatus

coronal suture

lambdoid suture

nasal bone

body of mandible

mandibular canal

condylar process

angle of mandible

ramus of mandible

ant. nasal spine

dorsum sellae

C2

compact bone

(lamina ext. et int.)

spongy bone (diploe)

petrosal bone

SPINE

CERVICAL PART axial projection

spinous process

transverse process

mandible

vertebral body

disc space

1th rib

clavicle

thoracic vertebra

cervical vertebra

SPINE

CERVICAL PART lateral projection

posterior arch of C1

spinous

processes

C3

C4

C5

C6

C7

mandible

intervertebral disc spaces

C1

C2

dens

(C2)

occiput

hyoid

intervertebral

joint

inf. articular

process

sup.articular

process

intervertebral foramen

Tuberculum posterius atlantis

SPINE

THORACIC PART axial projection

thoracic

vertebral body

spinous process

costovertebral joint

pedicles disc space

ribs

diaphragm

SPINE

THORACIC PART lateral projection

thoracic

vertebral body

intervertebral

disc space

ribs

SPINE

LUMBAR PART axial projection

pedicle

spinous process

sacrum

intervertebral space

costal process

vertebral body

superior articular process

inferior articular process

intervertebral joint

last rib

1th thoracic vertebra L1

L2

L3

L4

L5

SPINE

LUMBAR PART lateral projection

spinous

processes

sacrum

L5

L4

L3

L2

L1

disc space

vertebral body pedicle

intervertebral foramen

glenoid cavity

clavicle

coracoid process

acromion

greater

tubercle lesser

tubercle

infraglenoid tubercle

humerus

Shoulder joint axial projection

posterior

ribs

anterior

ribs

scapula

olecranon process

radial head coronoid process

humeroradial joint

humerus

olecranon fossa

radius ulna

radial tubercle

medial epicondyl

lateral epicondyl

neck of radius

humeroulnar joint

proximal radioulnar joint

Elbow joint axial projection

humerus

ulna

radius

olecranon

trochlea

coronoid process

Elbow joint lateral projection

head

(articular circumference)

ulna radius

scaphoid

metacarpals

proximal

distal

middle phalanges

base

trochlea body

lunate triquetrum+pisiforme trapezium

trapezoideum capitatum hamatum (+hamulus)

head

body

base

phalanges

1 2 3 4

5

Hand and wrist adult

sesamoid bone

carpals

Hand and wrist child

4,5 years old child

(4 carpal bones are ossificated)

Pelvis axial projection

sacral

sacroiliac jointsacroiliac joint

symphysissymphysis

obturator foramenobturator foramen

iliac crestiliac crest

acetabulumacetabulum

posterior inferior iliac spineposterior inferior iliac spine

pubicpubic bonebone

posterior superior posterior superior iliac spineiliac spine

iliac fossailiac fossa sacralsacral foramensforamens

anterior superior anterior superior iliac spineiliac spine

ischial tuberosityischial tuberosity

arcuate linearcuate line

femur

coxal bone

head

acetabulum

acetabular fossa

femur

greater trochanter

lesser trochanter

trochanter fossa

intertrochanteric crest

obturator

foramen

neck

Hip joint axial projection coxal bone

Knee joint axial projection

intercondylar fossa

medial tibial condyle

femur

patella

tibia fibula

lateral tibial condyle

medial femoral condyle lateral femoral condyle

medial intercondylar tubercle lateral intercondylar tubercle

Knee joint lateral projection

lateral condyle

medial condyle

base

apex intercondylar eminence

tibia

fibula tibial tuberosity

apex of head

head

femur

patella

Foot dorsoplantar

projection phalanges

metatarsals

tarsals

tibia fibula

talus

calcaneus

navicular

1th 2nd 3rd

1 2 3 4

5

body

head

base

base body trochlea

sesamoid bones

1th, 2nd, 3rd =

cuneiforme bones

calcaneus

cuneiformes:

med., intermed.,

lat.

Foot lateral projection

talus

cuboid

sinus tarsi

Chest sagittal

projection 1st rib clavicle

bronchial bifurcation

hilum

gastric air bubblegastric air bubble

liver

diaphragm

aortic knob

outline of

female brest

posterior ribs

anterior ribs

descending aorta

stomach

thoracic spine

and aorta

heart

Splanchnology

1. Oesophagography

2. Gastrography

3. Cholecystography

4. Irigography

5. Intravenous urography

6. Ascending (retrograde) pyelography

7. Cystography

8. Hysterosalpingography

OESOPHAGOGRAPHY axial projection

oesophagus

Radiographic visualization of the

esophagus using a swallowed

radiopaque contrast medium.

recessus

piriformis

(pharynx)

oesophagus

thoracic vertebrae

diaphragm

ribs

OESOPHAGOGRAPHY lateral projection

GASTROGRAPHY kardia

bulbus duodeni

duodenum

pylorus

body

incisura

angluaris

intestinum

tenue

gastergaster

gastric air

bubble

Radiography of

the stomach

taken after

administration of

barium.

CHOLECYSTOGRAPHY

the last rib

vesica felea

fundus

Th 12

L1

os coxae

lumbar

vertebrae

thoracic

vertebrae

air in intestinum

L2

L3

Visualize the gallbladder by

administering a radiopaque

contrast agent (by mouth)

that is excreted by the liver.

This excreted material will

collect in the gallbladder,

where reabsorption of water

concentrates the excreted

contrast.

IRIGOGRAPHY

colon

ascendens colon

descendens

flexura colli dx.

flexura colli

sin.

colon

sigmoideum

colon transversum

intestinum

crassum

Contrast X-ray method where

the X-ray image is taken after

filling the colon with contrast

(barium) through the anus.

IRIGOGRAPHY

– double contrast

Radiography of the colon

taken after administration

of barium, then air.

calices

renales

INTRAVENOUS

UROGRAPHY

ureter

vesica urinaria

pelvis renalis

X-ray of urinary tract

following an injection

of a iodine dye into a

vein of arm.

ASCENDING

(RETROGRADE)

PYELOGRAPHY

ureter

calices renales Contrast medium has been

introduced into the ureter

and calyces via an ureteric

catheter.

pelvis renalis

catheter

CYSTOGRAPHY

vesica urinaria

catheter in urethra

Contrast material is

instilled in the bladder via

urinary catheter

HSG (hysterosalpingography)

tuba uterina

cannula

uterus

free spill of

contrast off

from

fallopian

tube

The uterus and fallopian tubes are filled with a water-soluble contrast material (iodine)