�

Unit 1

Listening & Speaking Practice

Listening Practice

Finding Proper Responses In this task, you will hear five sentences. There are three responses for each sentence. Choose the best response to the sentence you’ve heard.1. A.It’shardtosay. B.CanIhelpyou? C.Ifeelthesameway.

2. A.I’lldoitmyself. B.That’storture,Iwouldsay. C.Sorry,Ican’tmakeit.

3. A.Letmeputitthisway. B.Thatmustbeinteresting. C.I’mgladweseeeyetoeye.

4. A.Yousaidit. B.It’sawasteoftime. C.Nothingspecial.

5. A.Ican’tsayforsure. B.Ithinkso,too. C.That’syouridea,notmine.

Understanding Short Conversations In this task, you will hear five short conversations. Each conversation is followed by one question. After hearing the question, you should read the four choices and choose the best answer.1. A.It’sawfullydull. B.It’sreallyexciting. C.It’sveryexhausting. D.It’squitestimulating.

2. A.Theideasofthepaperarenotconvincing. B.Somepartsofthepaperarenotwell-written.

2

自主综合训练3

C.Thehandwritingofthepaperisnotverygood. D.Thelasttwoparagraphsofthepaperarenotcomplete.

3.A.Shedoesn’tlikethewaytheprofessorlectures. B.She’shavingahardtimefollowingtheprofessor’slectures. C.SheisnotinterestedinthecourseHistoryofPhilosophy. D. She’s having diffi culty with the heavy reading assignments.

4. A.Everybodyintheclasslikestolistentohim. B.Heisn’tpopularintheclass. C.Heisawonderfullecturer. D.Onlythemanknowshimwell.

5. A.Shedoesn’tlikehisselectionofthetestquestions. B.Shedoesn’tthinkheprepareshislectureswellenough. C.Shethinkshisquestionsareboring. D.Shethinkshispresentationsareboring.

Compound Dictation In this section, you will hear a short passage. The passage will be read three times. When the passage is read for the fi rst time, listen for the general idea. During the second reading, fi ll in the missing information. The third reading is for you to check your answers.

“HowcanIlearnEnglishwell?”Thisisaquestionmanystudentsask.Inmyopinion,themost(1) wayistolearnlessonsbyheart.Ifyoucan(2) thetextandwriteitout,you’velearnedit(3) well.Andifyoucantell,inyourownwords,whatthelessonsays,you’reaverysuccessfullearner(4) .YourEnglishwillbequiteperfect.

This is a diffi cult (5) .However,ifyoutrytolearnbyheartonlypartofeachlesson,you’ll fi nd it not (6) sohardasyoumighthavethought.

Learningthisway,youwillmake(7) progress.Ofcourse,writingisalsonecessary.Ithelpsyoualot(8) tosuccessinEnglish.

Equallyimportantistofeelthelanguage.(9) .WhenusingEnglish,trytoforgetyourmothertongue.(10) .So,nevertrytoseeEnglishthroughtranslation.

Dialogues Dialogue1 Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer to each of the questions you’ve heard.1. A.Becauseshewantstohaveawell-paidjob. B.Becauseshewantstostayathomeandlearnsomething.

3

1Unit

C.Becauseshewantstospendmoretimewithherson. D.Becauseshewantstoeducatehersonathomebyherself.

2.A.Itfailstoprovideenoughchallengestostudents. B.Itneverprovidessuitablecoursesforstudents. C.Itonlycaresaboutstudents’intellectualdevelopment. D.Itfocusestoomuchontestingthestudents.

3.A.Obtaininghusband’sagreement. B.Havingawillingchild. C.Making personal sacrifi ce. D. Avoiding fi nancial strain.

4.A.Linda’ssonhasbeenswitchedtotwoschools. B.Home-schoolingismoreexpensivethanschooleducation. C.Lindaandherhusbandsharethesameopiniononhome-schooling. D.Publicschoolspaymoreattentiontoeducatingchildrenthanprivateschools.

5.A.Sympathetic. B.Disappointed. C.Indifferent. D.Opposing.

Dialogue2Listen to the dialogue and complete each of the following statements with no more than three words.1.InProf.Smith’smind,educationismuchmore and than

schooling.2.Educationisa processwhileschoolingisa ,

process.3.The ofeducationvarya lotwhile the of schooling

seldomvaries.4.Schoolingisakindof learningineducation.5.Throughschooling,peoplecanonlyget knowledgeofreality.

Passages Passage1Listen to the passage and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).______1.Themainpurposeof the laptopprogramis togiveeachstudenta laptop toaccess the

Internet.______2. At Westlake College, 1,500 students have laptops and more than 60 percent of the staff use

computers.______3.OnlyWestlakeCollegehasgotsupportforitscomputerprogramfromthehigher-education

departmentofthestate.

4

自主综合训练3

______4.Withthedevelopmentincomputertechnology,itispossibletouselaptopsincollegesanduniversities.

______5.“Awindowontheworld”inthepassagemeansthatstudentscangetinformationfromallaroundtheworld.

Passage2Listen to the passage and answer the following questions using as few words as possible.1. When do the students fi nish their compulsory education in the United States?

_______________________________________________________2. Whydotheprivateuniversitystudentshavetopaymoremoneyfortuition?

_______________________________________________________3. How about the university costs in the United States?

_______________________________________________________4. Whopayforthetuitionincollegesanduniversities?

_______________________________________________________5. Accordingto thepassage,excepthomeworkandexams,whatdomanycollegestudentsworry

about?

_______________________________________________________

Listening for Fun Listen and try to retell the story.

Speaking Practice

Sample Conversations Read the following conversations and pay attention to the underlined parts. Then practise the conversations with your partner. 1.A:Whatdoyouthinkofthelecturelastnight?

B:Ithinkitwassoboring.Icouldhardlyconcentrateonthecontent.

A:Whydoyousayso?

B:Well,Idon’tthinkthelecturerisimaginativeenough.Heistooseriousandacademic.

A:Sodoyoumeanthatthere’snotenoughexcitementforyoutogetinterestedinthesubject?

B:Yougotit.That’strue.

5

1Unit

2.A:Itseemstomethatexaminationsdomoreharmthangood.Wespendsomuchtimereviewingforexaminationsthatwehaven’tenoughtimefornewwork!

B:Idon’tthinkso.Withoutexams,noonewoulddoanyreview.Wewouldsoonforgeteverything.TheonlytimeIdoanyworkiswhenthere’sgoingtobeanexam!

A:That’sonlytrueforyou.Manystudentsworksteadilyallthetimeandtheyrememberwhattheylearn. B:That’snothowIseeit.I thinkmanypeoplewouldn’tdoanyworkatall.AtleastIwouldn’t.

Besides,withoutexams,howcouldemployersdecidewhethertogiveusjobs? A:Theteacherscouldwritereportsaboutus.Examinationscanbeunreliable,don’tyouthinkso?

Ourteachersknowuswell,don’tthey? B:Yes,theydo.That’swhyIwouldratherhaveexaminations!

Bank of Useful Expressions

AskingforOpinions GivingOpinions

1.Whatdoyouthinkof/about…? 1.Inmyopinion/Ifyouaskme,…

2.What’syourstand/opinionon…? 2.AsfarasI’mconcerned,Ithink…

3.Anyideaabout…? 3.Itseemstomethat…

4.Doyoumean/think…? 4.I’dliketopointoutthat…

5.Whydoyousayso? 5.Ithink/Idon’tthink…

Agreeing Disagreeing

1.Ithink/supposeso,too.

2.Yougotit.

3.That’sjusthowIfeel/seeit.

4.Icouldn’tagreemore.

5.Youcansaythatagain./Yousaidit./Youcanbet

onthat.

1.Well,youhaveapointthere,but...

2.Maybeyouareright,but...

3.That’snothowIseeit.

4.Yes,that’squitetrue,but...

5.Onthecontrary,Ithink...

Tasks Task 1 Create a dialogue with your partner using the useful expressions in the above Bank.Situation:Youandyourclassmatehave justattendedProfessorMarshall’s lecture.Nowyouare

exchangingyouropiniononthelecturewithhim/her.Task 2 Complete the short dialogue following the useful expressions and sample conversations above.A: IintendtosendMingmingtoYuquanPrimarySchool.(1) ?B: Well, (2) ,XinhuaPrimarySchoolmaybebetter, forboth its teachingstaffand

equipmentarethebestinthecity.A: Yes,(3) ,butcomparedwithYuquan,Xinhuaisfartherfromourhome.B: (4) .It’salongway.Buttheschoolhasabuswhichpickspupilsupeveryday.

6

自主综合训练3

A: I know that, but (5) it’snotsafeenoughforsuchalittleboy.B: Well,we’dbetterletMingmingmakehischoicethen.

Proverbs Read aloud and remember the following proverbs.1.Astitchintimesavesnine. 小洞不补，大洞吃苦。

2.Liketeacher,likepupil. 什么样的老师教什么样的学生。

3.Childrenarewhatthemothersare. 有其母，必有其子。

4.Complacencyistheenemyofstudy. 学习的敌人是自满。

5.Keepgoodmencompanyandyoushallbeofthenumber. 近朱者赤，近墨者黑。

Text-based Practice

Vocabulary & StructureFill in the blanks with the words given in brackets together with the prepositions or adverbs that go with them. Change the form where necessary.

Model:Isn’tittimeyou(get)gotdowntosomeseriouswork? 1. Idon’tknowwhatpeoplecan(get) listeningtoextremelyloudmusic. 2. Sommerswasastonishedwhenonequarteroftheclass(log) tosharetheirwriting

expectations. 3. Modernmedicinehastendedto(focus) toomuch developingcomplicated

surgical(外科的)techniques. 4. (addition) givingageneral introduction tocomputers, thecoursealsoprovides

practicalexperience. 5. Lastnighttherewere(thousand) peopleattheconcert.Itwasagreatsuccess. 6. Nowthedetectives(侦探)(look) theprisonerwhoescapedthreedaysago. 7. Thegirlwasveryexcitedtoseehername(print) . 8. Thisancient truth (apply) more than thecropsof the fields; it isan invaluable

messageofhopetoallwhoexperiencetragedyinlife. 9. Hisbooks(characterize) longanddetaileddescriptionsofthecountryside.10. Becausenewspapers(divide) sections,youcanreadthesportspagesforsportsand

businesspagesforbusiness.

Ⅰ

Ⅱ

Ⅲ

7

1Unit

Complete the following sentences using some of the words from Texts A and B with the help of the fi rst few letters given.

1. Initsreportonthespeech,theradiocarriedabriefsum,butdidn’tbroadcastthewholething.

2. MostPCpartsarealreadymadeinAsia,exceptvitcomponentslikecentralprocessors,harddrives,andmemorychips(集成电路片).

3. Weinvitedthemtoparinadebateonthepresent-dayeducationalsystem. 4. Recentsur showthat Japaneseyouthhavebecome“MeGeneration” that reject

traditionalvalues. 5. “Wateringthegrassafteraheavyrain”istheequof“carryingcoalstoNewcastle(英国

一煤城)”. 6. Idon’tthinkI’mgoingtoScotlandforChristmas.It’ssuchalongway.Bes,Ihaven’t

gotmuchmoneyleft. 7. Motherneedsaddhelpinthekitchenwhenwehaveguestsfordinner. 8. Ama,Ifoundtheplacedescribedinthebook. 9. There have been signifi cant changes in readers’ tastes since the survey was lautenyears

ago.10. Janewasast to hear the news that she won the fi rst prize in the speech contest.

Translate the expressions in Column A into Chinese and those in Column B into English. ColumnA ColumnB

1.readtheequivalentoffourbooks 1.花费相当于一个月的工资

______________________________ ______________________________2.highlightthemainpoints 2.强调失业人员的问题

______________________________ ______________________________3.allyouneed 3.一切你所感兴趣的

______________________________ ______________________________4. apply to nonfi ction reading 4.适用于所有的工业流程

______________________________ ______________________________5.endwithasummary 5.以祝福全家安好结尾

______________________________ ______________________________6.laythefoundationforfutureHarvardcourses 6.为国家经济奇迹奠定基础

______________________________ ______________________________7.hopeforatenpercentresponserate 7.作最好的打算

______________________________ ______________________________8.inadditiontoitscentralacademicrole 8.除了他在大学的工作外

______________________________ ______________________________9.inAlbert’sexperience 9.根据我的经验

______________________________ ______________________________

Ⅱ

Ⅲ

8

自主综合训练3

10.becharacterizedbyhumour 10.以鲜亮的颜色为特征

______________________________ ______________________________

Complete each of the following sentences with the proper form of the word given in brackets. 1. (summarize) After each newspaper headline, you’ll generally find the main points

in the fi rst paragraph. 2.(add) An chargeismadeonbaggageovertheweightallowance. 3.(amaze) Thoseshoessheboughtthedaybeforeyesterdaywere cheap. 4.(introduce) Inthe tothebookMy Life, thereisabriefaccountofClinton’s

recentactivities. 5.(participate) About20 four-starand five-starhotelswillprovideaccommodations for

APEC(Asia-PacificEconomicCooperation) —anopportunitywonthroughpublicbidding.

6.(undertake) Mary theresponsibilityoffeedingmydogsbeforeIcameback. 7.(emphasize) Hemadeaspeech theimportanceofprotectingnaturalresources. 8. (analyze) One of the diffi culties in thesituationisthatwedon’thaveallthe

informationyet. 9.(center) Over thepast tenyears,Americanprivatemilitarycompanieshavequietly

playeda role.10. (astonish) Itis tomethatthenewHarry Potter sold 6.9 million copies in its

fi rst 24 hours.

Translate the following sentences into English.1.你应该为他所提供的服务支付对等的报酬。(equivalent） _________________________________________________________________2.这一调查特别强调职业女性的需求。(survey,highlight) _________________________________________________________________3.现在出去散步已经太晚；再者，天又开始下雨了。（besides） _________________________________________________________________4.他相信他所看到的任何发表出来的东西。（inprint） _________________________________________________________________5.他在南亚反恐运动中起了关键的作用。（anti-terrorist,playavitalrolein） _________________________________________________________________6.骆驼的特点是能够长期行走而不喝水。（becharacterizedby） _________________________________________________________________7.我们能做的就是抱着乐观的态度耐心地等待。（all,hopefor） _________________________________________________________________8.研究结果表明，居住条件差与健康不佳有直接关系。（indicate,aconnectionbetween） _________________________________________________________________

Ⅳ

V

Ⅰ

Ⅱ

9

1Unit

Grammatical ExercisesRewrite the following sentences according to the model.

Model:Therearosethequestion. Thequestioniswherewecouldgettheloan. Therearosethequestionwherewecouldgettheloan. 1. Sheisagoodteacher. Sheisthefriendofyours. ________________________________________________________________ 2. HegotthemessagefromMissZhang. ThemessageisthatProfessorWangcouldn’tseehimthefollowingday. ________________________________________________________________ 3. Yesterday I went fi shing. ThisissomethingIhadn’tdoneforyears. ________________________________________________________________ 4. Mr.Howeismyfavouriteprofessor. HehasreceivedaDistinguishedTeacherAward. ________________________________________________________________ 5. Somewomenarenormallyinactivebutthenallofasuddenstartaprogramofintenseexercise. Thisactionviolatesthelawsofsportsscience. ________________________________________________________________ 6. Therumoursoonspread. Therumouristhatthere’llbeanearthquake. ________________________________________________________________ 7. Thequestionhasn’tbeendecided. Thequestioniswhetherheshouldcomehimselforsendanotherone. ________________________________________________________________ 8. Henrywasthemanonnightduty. “Leaveittome,”hesaid. ________________________________________________________________ 9. Janeisnormallyatimidgirl. Shearguedheatedlywiththemaboutit. ________________________________________________________________10. Sheisamotherofthreechildren. Shehasalwaysworkedhardatcollectivejobs. ________________________________________________________________

Improve the following sentences if they are incorrect or inappropriate. 1. JohnisaNewYorker,whichis,helivesinNewYork. ________________________________________________________________

Ⅰ

Ⅱ

�0

自主综合训练3

2. Heheardthenewswhichhisteamhadwon. ________________________________________________________________ 3. Thefactheisacloserelativeofthepresidentisknowntoonlyafewofhiscolleagues. ________________________________________________________________ 4. Therearesigns:Restaurantsarebecomingmorepopularwithfamilies. ________________________________________________________________ 5. Imyselfwouldn’ttakeanynoticeofher. ________________________________________________________________ 6. Einsteincametotheconclusionofthemaximumspeedintheuniverseisthatoflight. ________________________________________________________________ 7. Thesuggestion:tostayhereforanotheryearwasaccepted. ________________________________________________________________ 8. Hestudiesbotanyorthescienceofplants. ________________________________________________________________ 9. Iagreewiththeoldsayingofabsencemakestheheartgrowfonder. ________________________________________________________________10. Myproblem—thatis,Ishouldinvitehim—wassolvedwhenIreceivednewsofhisillness. ________________________________________________________________

Translate the following sentences into English according to the grammatical rules learned in this unit.

1.他很明确地表示他愿意学习英语。（用it作形式宾语）

________________________________________________________________2.你可以指望他帮助你。（用it作形式宾语）

________________________________________________________________3.他们今天是否会来还不知道。（用it作形式主语）

________________________________________________________________4.真奇怪，孩子们竟如此安静。（用it作形式主语）

________________________________________________________________5.犯这样愚蠢错误的不仅仅是他们。（用itis...that/who强调句型）

________________________________________________________________6.我昨天见到的是她。（用itwas...that强调句型）

________________________________________________________________7.昨天是因为母亲病了他才没有去上班。（用itwas...that/who强调句型）

________________________________________________________________8.他们似乎已经等了好长时间。（用it作形式主语）

________________________________________________________________

Ⅲ

��

1Unit

Reading Practice

Passage 1

Tips for Students Our fi rst tip is that you look carefully through the information in Tips on reading the Bangkok

Post.Ifyouhaven’tlookedatthissection,wesuggestthatyoudosonow.ThereareanumberofstepsyoucantaketolearntoreadtheBangkokPost,awebsitehelping

ThaipeopletolearnEnglishmoreeffectively.Herearesomeofthemostuseful:Readfrequently,evenifitisonlyforashorttime.20or30minutesfourormoretimesaweekisgenerallybetter thanreadingforseveralhours

onceaweek.Followstoriesforseveraldays.Mostmajornewsstoriescontinueformorethanoneday.Some—liketheupheavalsinYugoslavia

and Indonesia, for example—may continue for years. At fi rst these stories may seem diffi cult, but they willbecomemucheasierandmoreinterestingasyoubecomefamiliarwiththem.Youwillquicklynotice,forexample,thatcertainkeywordsarerepeatedalmosteveryday,makingthemeasytolearnand diffi cult to forget.

Readnewsstoriesevenifyouarenotespeciallyinterestedinthenews.Newsstoriesarebyfartheeasiesttoreadbecauseoftheiruniquestyle.(See“TheStyleofthe

NewsStory” formoreinformation.)Readcertaincolumns(栏目)regularly.Manyofourreadersfollow“PostBag”everyday,forexample.(See“LetterstotheEditor”.)For longer stories, fi rst look to see how they are organized.“Features”,forexample,usuallyhaveseveraldistinctparts.Thiswillsaveyoufromgettinglost

andallowyoutoreadthemasseveralshortsectionsratherthanonelongstory.

The above passage is about some suggestions for Thai students on reading the Bangkok Post, a website helping Thai people to learn English. After reading it, you are required to complete the statements below. 1.ReadersofthewebsitetheBangkokPost: 2.Thefrequencysuggestedforreading: aweek3.Themethodsuggestedforreading:4.Materialssuggestedforreading: 5.Thetypicalcolumnsuggestedforreadingregularly:

�2

自主综合训练3

Passage 2

Reading Newspapers Newspapersareanencyclopedia(百科全书)ofcurrentevents.Throughthehelpofnewspapers,

wecometounderstandtheworldwithouthavingtotraveltotheplaceswhereimportanteventshavetakenplace.Butanewspaperdoesmorethancarryingsimplenewsitems,italsoprovides,indifferentsections, instructions on such things as fi rst aid, cooking, playing the chess and taking pictures. Thus besidesmakingusacquaintedwith(熟悉)theworld,readingnewspaperscanalsowidenourscopeofknowledge.Everybodyshouldreadnewspapers.

Imake ita rule to readnewspaperseveryday.Asastudent, Ihaveno time towatchnewsprogramsonTV.Thus, readingnewspapersbecomes theonlywayforme to learnaboutwhat’shappeningaroundtheworld.

ThereisanoldChinesesaying:“Scholarneednotleavehishometoknowwhat’sgoingonintheworld.”Whilenewspapersdonotcarrythelatest,up-to-the-minuteworldnews,theygiveusagreatdealofusefulknowledge.Thus,readingnewspapersis,inmyopinion,amust(必须做的事)forthosewhowishtokeepupwiththetimes.

YesterdayIreadanEnglishnewspaperfor thefirst time.WhenIspreaditout, Ididn’tknowwheretostart.All theheadlines(标题)confusedmeandthewritingstyleof thearticleswasverydifferentfromthatofwhatweusuallyread.However,after lookinguptheunknownwords in thedictionary, I fi nally made out the meaning more or less.

ReadingEnglishnewspaperswasnotaseasyasIhadexpected,but itofferedmeasenseofachievementandarousedmyinterest inlearningthelanguage.Thecomicstrip(漫画) was the fi rst partofthisnewspaperIread.Someofthemwerequiteamusing,somephilosophical,andstillothersquitepolitical.ThenI triedtoreadotherpartsof thenewspaper, like theeditorialandlocalnews.Throughthisexperience,IhaveacquiredabetterandnewerchanneloflearningEnglish.

The above passage is about reading newspapers. After reading it, you are required to give brief answers to the fi ve questions below. 1.Whatistheauthor? Heisa/an .

2.Whyshouldwereadnewspapersaccordingtotheauthor? Becausetheynotonlymakeusfamiliarwiththeworld,but .

3.Forwhomisreadingnewspapersamust? Forthose ,readingnewspapersisamust.

4.Which part did the writer read fi rst in an English newspaper? The writer fi rst read inanEnglishnewspaper.

5.What puzzled the writer while reading an English newspaper for the fi rst time? and puzzledthewriter.

�3

1Unit

Passage 3

How to Be a Successful LearnerResearch in the fi eld of language indicates that there are many things you can do to become a

successful learner.Curiositiesabout languageandculture,dailystudy,andthecommitment touseEnglish ineverypossiblesituationwhile inanEnglish-speakingenvironment,arevery importantconditionsforsuccess.

Yoursenseofsuccesswilldependonyourneeds forEnglishandwhetherornotyoumeetyour needs. It is not just a question of measured progress. If you need conversational fl uency, note-takingskillswillnotmeetyourneeds.Ifyoumustlearntowriteeffectivebusinessletters,informalconversationwithcurrentslang(俚语)willnothelpyouachieveyourgoal.

Knowwhatyourgoalsare.DoyouneedEnglishforoccasionalspeakingsituations,fortravelorentertainingEnglish-speakingvisitors?DoyouwanttoimprovecomprehensioninbothwrittenandspokenEnglish?DoyouneedtowriteEnglishforprofessionalpurposes?Areyoupreparingforauniversity career in English? If so, your goals must include profi ciency in all skill areas.

Learninga foreign language isan inexactprocess.Very fewpeople learn tousea foreignlanguageaswellasanativespeakerdoes.Fortunately,veryfewpeopleneedtolearnEnglishlikeanativeEnglishspeakerineveryskillarea.Soberealisticandawareofyourgoals.

Be realisticabout the lengthof time it takes to learna language.Programswhichpromiseovernight successaresimplynotbeinghonest.Language learning isanaccumulative (积累的)process.Youwillexperienceburstsofaccomplishmentatdifferentspeedsineachskillarea.Manystudentsprogressmorequicklyinpassiveskillareas(readingandgrammaranalysis) thaninactiveandcomplexskillareas(speaking,note-takingduringalecture).Ifyouareabeginning-levelstudentwhose goal is profi ciency, a typical program may include at least nine months of intensive English study.Ifyourstudyprogramisshort-termandyourgoalsincludeimprovementandreviewratherthanprofi ciency you may realize some progress in two or more weeks.

Choose the best answer to each of the following questions according to the above passage.1.WhatdoesoursenseofsuccessdependoninourEnglishlearning? A.OurneedsforEnglish. B.Whetherornotwemeetourneeds. C.WhetherwehavemadeprogressinEnglishlearning. D.BothAandB.

2. IfyouprepareforauniversitycareerinEnglish,youshould . A. make profi ciency in all skill areas B. make profi ciency in current slang C. speak English with great fl uency D. make profi ciency in note-taking

�4

自主综合训练3

3.Foreignlanguagelearningisaninexactprocessinthat . A.nobodycanmasteraforeignlanguageperfectly B.mostpeopleneedn’tuseaforeignlanguageaswellasanativespeakerdoes C.it’sbeyondeveryone’sability D.weareboundtomakemistakesinlanguagelearning

4. Thewriterpronouncestheprogramsdishonestthatpromiseovernightsuccessbecause . A. the sole aim of these programs is to gain profi t B.theseprogramsonlyprovidepassiveskills C.theseprogramsletyouexperienceburstofaccomplishment D.languagelearningisanaccumulativeprocessandcan’tbeachievedinshorttime

5.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to this passage? A. Intensive study of at least nine months is necessary for profi ciency in English. B. In two or three weeks some beginners can realize profi ciency in English. C.Grammaranalysisismorecomplexthannote-takingduringalecture. D.Toknowoursuccessinlanguagelearningweonlyneedtomeasuretheprogresswemake.

Translation

Translate the following sentences chosen from the above three passages into Chinese.1.Newsstoriesarebyfartheeasiesttoreadbecauseoftheiruniquestyle.2.Thiswillsaveyoufromgettinglostanditwillallowyoutoreadthemasseveralshortsections

ratherthanonelongstory.3.Thusbesidesmakingusacquaintedwiththeworld,readingnewspaperscanalsowidenourscopeof

knowledge.4.ReadingnewspaperswasnotaseasyasIhadexpected,butitofferedmeasenseofachievement

andarousedmyinterestinlearningthelanguage.5.YoursenseofsuccesswilldependonyourneedsforEnglishandwhetherornotyoumeetyour

needs.6. If you are a beginning-level student whose goal is profi ciency, a typical program may include at

leastninemonthsofintensiveEnglishstudy.

Ⅰ

�5

1Unit

Writing Practice

Guided Writing在《自主综合训练》第一、二册中，我们练习了英语基本句型和各种简单句、并列句和复

合句的组合，本册我们将练习段落的组成和展开。

段落的组成

典型的段落一般由主题句（TopicSentence）、扩展句（ExtendedSentences）和结尾句

（Conclusion）三类句子构成一个语意的整体。主题句是段落的核心，起引导概括作用，表达段

落的中心思想；扩展句是主题句的扩展，围绕主题展开叙述、论述、说明或描写等；结尾句是

全段的结尾，以不同形式和措辞重述主题思想，对全段进行总结、归纳或提出结论。

阅读下列一段文章，找出主题句、扩展句和结尾句。

①TheBritishenjoy the familyouting.②Mostpeoplechoosewell-knownbeautyspots,orseasidebeaches,where theyareoftensocrowded together thatyoucan’tsee thesand.③Otherschoosea lonelyplace,where therearevery fewpeople.④Theymayfollow tracksbetween themountainsandlochsandwatchsealsandseabirds.⑤TheBritishcoasthasmanymilesofcliffsandbeacheswhicharestillquiteunspoiledbecausebuildingthereisforbiddenbylaw.⑥SothecoastisthemostpopularobjectiveofEnglishpeoplefortheirholiday.

在此段文章中，句①是主题句，句②—⑤是扩展句，句⑥是结尾句。

Rearrange the following 12 sentences to form a logical paragraph in the form of “Topic Sentence Extended Sentences Conclusion”.

1.Theyalwayshavetoremindtheconsumersofthenameandthequalitiesoftheirproducts.2.Mostimportantofall,hehasadvertisementsputintoTVprogramsthatwillacceptthem.3.Themanufactureradvertisesinnewspapersandonposters.4.There isgreatcompetitionbetweendifferentmanufacturersof the samekindofproduct to

persuadecustomerstobuytheirownparticularbrand.5.Heorganisescompetitions,withprizesforthewinners.6.Advertisinghasbecomeaveryspecialactivityinmoderntimes.7.Heoftenadvertisesonthescreensoflocalcinemas.8.Heemploysattractivesalesgirlstodistributesamplesofit.9. Inthebusinessworldoftoday,supplyisusuallygreaterthandemand.10.Theydothisbyadvertising.11. Itistruethatwhereverwego,wehearandseeadvertisements.12.Hesometimespaysforsongsabouthisproductincommercialradioprograms.TheRightOrder:

Ⅰ

�6

自主综合训练3

Write a short paragraph of five to six sentences in the form of “Topic Sentence→Extended Sentences→Conclusion”, using the groups of words or phrases given below.

1. beeasytoshow,intelligence,tosomeextent,something,bebornwith2. thecloser...thecloser,thebloodrelationship,twopeople3. choosetwounrelatedpeople,atrandom,degreesofintelligence,completelydifferent4. choosetwoidenticaltwins,asintelligentaseachother5. relations,brothersandsisters,parentsandchildren,similarintelligence6. clearlysuggest,dependsonbirth

Applied Writing

GuidelinesSample

BeijingCapitalInternationalAirport

Departure Guidelines

①Customs

RedChannel:passengers

withgoodstodeclare

GreenChannel:passengers

withoutgoodstodeclare

②LuggageDelivery&

GettingBoardingCard

Pleasetakeairticket,valid

passportandvisatocheck

in.Makeluggagedelivered

andgetboardingpass

attherelatedCheck-in

Counter.

③ Immigration

Overseasvisitorspresent

validpassport,visa,exit

registrationcardand

boardingpass.

④ SecurityCheck

Inordertoensurethe

safety of the fl ight,

passengersshouldget

throughthedetection

passage,andhand-carry

articlesshallbeexamined

byX-ray.

⑤ Waiting&Boarding

Wait for your fl ight at

therightboardinggate

accordingtotheguidance

givenontheboardingpass.

Usually, the boarding will

begin40minutesbeforethe

taking-off.

Ⅱ

�7

1Unit

Simulation Writing Read the “Fire Guidelines” and translate the sentences given in Chinese to complete the guideline. Change the order if necessary. 1.镇定地下楼，离开宾馆。

2.如果走廊充满烟，请您爬 (climb) 至最近的楼梯。不要乘电梯。

3.留意最近的紧急出口 (emergencyexit) 的位置。

4.请勿在床上吸烟。

5.离开房间时断掉 (cutoff ) 所有电源。

6.如果火势不严重，用灭火器 (extinguisher) 灭掉。

7.拨打分机“0”，或“119”。8.留意您房间与安全通道之间的距离，停电时这会对您有帮助。

9.请勿将烟蒂 (cigaretteends) 丢进废物篓。

FireGuidelinesDearGuest,

AverywarmwelcometoyoutoHighlandSummerResort.Inanyofourhotels,thesafetyofourguestshasalwaysbeenourutmostconcern.There isacomprehensivefire-protectionsystem and a special fi re brigade with qualifi ed and trained fi remen.

However, inorder to implementour fire safetymeasures effectively,weneedyourcooperationandunderstanding.

Hereissomeemergencyadvice:WhenCheckingintoYourRoom1.2. IfYouDiscoveraFire1. 2.Escape1.2.SomeAdditionalPoints1.2.3.