livelihood and landscape strategy (lls) - miyun watershed ... · livelihood and landscape strategy...

INTERNATIONAL UNION FOR CONSERVATION OF NATURE

Livelihood and Landscape Strategy (LLS)

- Miyun Watershed, Beijing, China

ZHUANG HaoIUCN China Program Coordinator

International Conference on Watershed Management Chiang Mai, March 2011

Better Forest, Better Water, Better Lives

兴林，净水，益民

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Livelihoods and Landscapes Strategy (LLS):SUMMARY

Donor: DGIS (Dutch)Duration: 2007 – 2011Global budget: €16.0 millionInception period: April - September 2007Geography:

– Africa: Upper Guinea, Sahelian dry-lands, the Great Lakes region, Eastern and Southern Africa, the Congo Basin

– Latin America: Brazil, Mesoamerica– Asia: China, India, Indonesia, Lower Mekong Region

(involves 7 Asian countries, 11 forest landscapes and 25% of global budget)

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INTERNATIONAL UNION FOR CONSERVATION OF NATURE 3

The formal LLS goal:

“The establishment of national and local policies and programmes that optimise forest’s contribution to rural poverty reduction, enhances long-term and equitable conservation of biodiversity and ensures the sustainable supply of forest-related goods and services”

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LLS themes and slogans

1. Poverty reduction:

“forests as an asset for the rural poor”

2. Markets & incentives:

“making forest values count”

3. Governance (FLEGT):

“improving arrangements for making decisions”

4. Transforming landscapes:

“demonstrating forest landscape restoration”

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Water Resources in Beijing

BeijingBeijing WorldWorld（m3）（m3） ChinaChina0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

<300m3<300m3

The bottom line of water resource share 1000 m3 per capitaThe bottom line of water resource share 1000 m3 per capita

Beijing is a large city suffering from serious water shortage, with water resource share below 300m3 per capita, 3.5% of world average.

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Miyun Reservoir Watershed

• The total watershed area is about 15,780 km2• 4,500 km2 is located in Beijing • 70% of the drinking water supply for Beijing’s 17 million residents.• One of the most important watersheds in the whole of China• Success would be relevant to over 4000 watersheds supplying drinking water to

655 cities in China

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2011/3/15 7

Pilot site brief introduction

9Photo by Deng Weijie

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Beijing Forest Landscape

• Forest coverage in Beijing Region

– 1949: 1.3%– 2008: 35.5%

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Current Challenges: Monoculture, young forest, High density, sub-healthy, lack

of managementResults: compromised watershed function, and lower

biodiversity and carbon values.

Beijing Forest Landscape

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Our Goal

Test the Livelihood and

Landscape Strategy which aims

to simultaneously address human

and environmental needs in

specific, large areas of land

through negotiating trade-offs on

multi-function land use decision

among stakeholders.

LLS started in year 2007in Miyun watershed, with the aim to:

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What do we do– Forest Landscape restoration (FLR) (demonstration)

Close-to-nature forest management practice Participatory Forest Management Plan endorsed County Forest Bureau

– Local livelihood and poverty Fuelwood collection practice Energy-efficient “Kan” bedding system Self-management and self-development capacity

– Multiple Stakeholder Cooperation/ DialogueMultiple stakeholder dialogue between Beijing and Hebei province governmentsTest and propose potential compensation strategies to the government

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Forest Inventory

LLS China: pilot sites interventions - FLR

Biodiversity survey

Social economic survey

reserved trees disturbance

trees

target trees

Forest management plans

Close-to-nature Silviculture treatments

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Forest Inventory

Plant species

• at least 12 rare and endangered plant species

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Biodiversity survey

Top left: Golden Eagle (National protected I)Bottom left: Eurasian Sparrowhawk (NP II ) Middle: Rhesus Monkey (NP II )Right: Pere David's Rock Squirrel

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Participatory Forest Management Plan• Participatory mapping; Resource and transect map• Forest management team (government funded)

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Field Practice

The forest authority approve the harvesting quota with about 100 m3 in year 2009.

reserved trees

disturbance treestarget trees

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Project Leverage

外业调查技术培训

• Sino-German project in the region.• 15,000 ha 17 townships BJ & HB

• Global Partnership of Forest Landscape Restoration (GPFLR)SFA, representing China, joined GPFLR in year 2008.

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Communication and advocacy

Mr. Hilary Benn talking to Huayuan villagers

Public media’s report of the project

LLS in China Brochure

FLR Handbook (Chinese version)

Pilot site signage

Pilot site signage

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LLS China: pilot sites interventions – local livelihood

227 HH, 658 people. Per capita income 4500 RMB74% of income from off‐farm employment, 17%from agriculture, 9% from forests.

233 HH or 734 people. Per capita income 1100 RMB50 % earned in the Village comes from farming, 30% isgenerated from outside employment, 10% from forest products.

"Middle"24%

"Rich"18%

Huayan Village

Poor/average 58%

"Poor"13%

"Middle"77%

"Rich"10%

Xiawopu Village

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LLS China: Landscape baselines

65% forest cover, huge social – economic difference between Beijing and Hebei province

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• Socio-economics survey: NTFPs and Markets

Baseline survey and analysis

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Energy saving and improvement

Livelihoods

Understanding Fuel wood use training on fuel wood collectionReducing dependence on fuel wood by Kang renovationProviding farmers’ cooperative training to build capacity

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LLS China: Landscape intervention - MSD

“+”• Importance of water in the region• Cooperation Agreement and platform between Beijing and Hebei

Government • Rapid economic development rate, and economic difference

between two province place a basis for compensation

“-”Scientific data as back-upWillingness to trade-off between two governmentsPolicy support

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1970’s 1980’s

2000 2008


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Carbon sequestration function map

Watershed function map


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Multiple Stakeholder Dialogues• Based on a series of research

the project supported and information collected, at least 3 stakeholder dialogues are organised between Beijing and Hebei government and agencies to sharing information, and discuss potential compensation strategies and strengthening collaboration.

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Lessons Learned

• Allow an evolving concept of landscape.

• The importance of inclusivity and integration.

• Leveraging small changes can have big effects.

• It is necessary to balance landscape and livelihood approaches

and goals

• There is great value in adopting adaptive management and

learning approaches.

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More information on this project can be found on our website at:

www.iucn.org and go to China Program

THANK YOU!

Contact InfoIUCN China Program

Address: 2-2-131 Tayuan Diplomatic Compound1 Xindong Rd, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100600 CHINA

Tel: 86-10-8532 2699Email: [email protected]

livelihood and landscape strategy (lls) - miyun watershed ... · livelihood and landscape strategy...

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