living & working in cyber space and time living & working in cyber space and time by dr t.h....

Living & Working in

Cyber Space and Time By

Dr T.H. Chowdary* Director, Center for Telecom Management & Studies

* Chairman, Pragna Bharati (Intellect India), AP* Former Information Technology Adviser, Government

of A.PChairman & Managing Director

Videsh Sanchar Nigam Ltd., BombayT: +91 (40) 6667-1191(O) 2784-3121(R)

F: +91 (40) 6667-1111 (O)

[email protected] @ OU Staff College, Hyderabad, 18th June 2009

THC_CTMS June09 2

Why IT is being spoken about?

• IT is significant for just about a decade in India • One million (10 lakhs) jobs in s/w• 350,000 for ITES (Call Centers, BPO.....)• World’s businesses making a bee-line to India

for talent & for setting up R & D Centers; even China

• 400,000 Engineers of whom > 100,000 are ICTs graduating/year

• 70,000 MBAs/year• 90,00,000 graduates/year

THC_CTMS June09 3

IT is Ubiquitous • Sarvatah paanipaadam.....• Indu Kaladandu ledani sandiamu

valadu......• New way of doing things with less

physical labour, less cost, in less time, from anywhere, at anytime.

THC_CTMS June09 4

IT is Ubiquitous (2)Ex. e-education; e-commerce e-banking; e-tenderinge-ballotting; e-designe-warfare; e-publishinge-examination; e-governance e-cops; e-sewa........

THC_CTMS June09 5

Revolution being brought about is comparable to:

• The invention of the wheel• The invention of Gunpowder & rifle• Electricity • Atomic bomb & energy• (Communication) satellite....

THC_CTMS June09 6

Cyber times – Characteristics (1/4)

# Speed of things happening

# Telecoms, Radio, TV, Satellite, Fiber optic transmission; Computers, networking

eg: Airplanes crashing into World Trade Towers and the Pentagon

# Dematerialisation of documents, signatures

THC_CTMS June09 7

Cyber times - Characteristics

# Irrelevance of location, Regd Office?Witness?Who was where, when he spoke, signed, agreed…..

# Where are they stored? In what form? Can they be seen, read; can they be altered. tampered

THC_CTMS June09 8

GALLOPING KNOWLEDGE• By the time the child born today graduates

from college, the amount of knowledge will be four times as great

• By the time he is 50, it will be 32 times as great

• And 97% of everything known in the world will have been learnt since that child was born

• The memorising of reams of facts will not be necessary; they will be quickly available on computers. Search engines like Google will get them for you in a second,

• But future man will need great wisdom if only to know what is it he wants

THC_CTMS June09 9

Information Society• Is one in which upwards of 67% of the work force is

engaged not in agriculture, not in industrial production but in information/knowledge-based services sector and 2/3rds of the GDP is in this sector.

• People inform, communicate, trade, bank, learn, teach, design, consult, advertise, publish, govern, tender ticket, insure, entertain, medicate, meddle, peddle, war, work…through dematerialise information (voice, text, images, graphics, data….) over electronic/photonic transport systems.

• They communicate for work and commute for pleasure.

THC_CTMS June09 10

Internet: 8th Wonder (1)

The 8th and the most magnificent Wonder of the World

• Network of networks; Information stored in de-materialised,

electronic/photonic form, converged platform,Info-space

• WWW is not even 12 years old; 100 million hosts

• 750 million users

• 6 billion (600 crore) pages of information

2 billion pages seen every day (5 pages/ Internet sub day)

• 500 million E-mail addresses, growing 40% a year

• 2bil [200 crore] e-mails/day

THC_CTMS June09 11

Post office, Telephone, Broadcast studio, Soap Box, Auction House, Sound Recording, Movie theater, used car showroom, Insurance Office, Distributor ware house, studio for fashion designer, University Class Room…, Political Campaign, Medical Diagnostics, Mammoth Library

Internet -8th Wonder (2)

THC_CTMS June09 12

GDP from Different Sectors

Py Sy Ty

Developed (2 to 5)% (20 to 30)% (67-

75)%

Developing 45% (15 to 20)% (35 to

40)%

India 21% 25% 54%

THC_CTMS June09 13

Gross World Product: in $ Trillion

Year 2005 2010

$T 32 40

Share of Services Sector

$18 $25

% Traded 30% 40%

THC_CTMS June09 14

Characteristics of (Trade in) Services

• Created in one place/country• Consumed anywhere else• Delivered over telecom high-ways• Information/knowledge-intensive• Storage, Processing & Exchange• Knowledge workers

THC_CTMS June09 15

India’s Pool of Knowledge Workers

• Graduating 400,000 Engineers/ Year

• Graduating 70,000 MBAs• Graduating 100,000 IT

Professionals (Engineers, MCAs, BCAs)

• 9.0 mln young people age ( 17 to 22) Y in Universities; under 6% !

• In D.Cs (15 to 60)% in Universities

THC_CTMS June09 16

India’s Telecoms• Liberalised, Govt’s telecoms

corporatised• P-Telcos & competition• 700,000 Km of Optical fibre cables link

all our towns and cities- over 4000• Undersea cables owned by Indian Telcos VSNL, Bharati, Reliance -Info provide

Terabits 10 12 / petabits 10 15 of capacity.• 24 Geo-stationary Com Sats provide

global connectivity• 18000 VSATs link up offices/companies

globally

THC_CTMS June09 17

India’s Telecoms• Competition brought down band-

width prices to 10% of what they were 3 years ago; would go down by 25% this year.

• We are part of the Global Information Infrastructure talked of by G-7, since 1999.

• NASCOM/ STPs are servicing over 5,000 IT Cos., supplying software and ITES to global companies.

THC_CTMS June09 18

New Ways of Doing Things on the

Electronic Photonic Infrastructure

• E-governance• Tele-medicine• E- Commerce• E-Education• E-Advocacy• E-Balloting • E-conferencing (IVPNs;MPLS…)• E-tourism• E-ticketing( air-lines)• E-banking

THC_CTMS June09 19

I.C.T based Education • Information (Text, Images, Voice,

Graphics..) dematerialised, electronified; kept in solid-state memories (floppies, CDs; Memory chips) of computers

• Computers coupled to Global telecom net-works

Web-sites: Internet : Cyber Space

THC_CTMS June09 20

I.C.T based Education (2) • Multi-media – Voice, Images,

broad-casting; Interactive (audio & video)

• Communicating devices:Telephones, TV-sets; PCs (desk-top;

lap-top, palm-held; mobile-phones, (incorporating digital cameras)

THC_CTMS June09 21

I.C.T based Education (3)

• Connection: Wires in Cables (old telephony) Optical fibers

• Wireless access (Wi.Fi; Wi.Max..)• VSAT’s (Communications

satellites)

THC_CTMS June09 22

E- Education Systems

• Radio School of Australia (& Royal Flying Doctor Service)

• Radio and TV (broad-cast lessons) Phone-in; audio-interactive• Bussing education to Homes-Utah

(USA)• University of the Pacific (Tuvali, Kiribate, Marshall Islands,

Vanuatu,New Caledonia, Solomon Islands,Nauru, Honiara, Marqueis, Taumatu, Figi…)

THC_CTMS June09 23

E- Education Systems (2)

• ERNET: India: All Universities Plus d 100 R&D Institutes

• SONET (A P)• 250 Engineering Colleges:

VSAT/Opt.Fiber• Electronic Class Room/Studio in

Hyderabad • MS (IT) Carnegie Mellon ‘Varsity in IIIT,

NITs• NIIT’s IT education in scores of

countries in French, Chinese, Arabic, Russian & English

THC_CTMS June09 24

IT & the Academic Community

• Continuous Learning• Teaching & Seminar Aid – Power Point

Presentation• Research, Refering (Google.......)• Discussion & special Interest Group• No IT/Computer Eng. Knowledge

Required-Only operational/working skill (eg: Driver is not an automobile engineer)

THC_CTMS June09 25

E-commerce. Trade & Banking

• India’s National Stock Exchange

– No Trading Ring Required

– Trades from anywhere

– Dematerialised Share Certificates

THC_CTMS June09 26


• Global Financial Markets– $1.5 Trillion (Rs.67,00,000 crores) of

foreign exchange traded every day– A difference of 0.0001 means gain/loss

of Rs.6,700 crores

THC_CTMS June09 27


• US Super/Hyper Markets Store– 250,000 types of merchandise!– Bar Codes/RFIDs– Inventory instantaneously updated– Supplies/Replenishment computerised,

from which vendor/godown; how much; which transporter/to which super-market

• Supply Chain Management Eg: Wall Mart in the USA:

@280 bln (Rs.12,60,000 cr) Sales

THC_CTMS June09 28


• Banks:e-payments, e-cashATMs; Bank Buildings

Bank Staff; Pass-Books?Multi-station Cheques/OperationInstant transfer of money(Western Union Money Transfers)Float disappears:Fraud: About 2.5% of deposits!

THC_CTMS June09 29


• Air Lines– Shortest Route/time, Lowest Fare– No tickets – Check-in Counter – Identity

& PNR– Baggage – routing - Lost/found &

Track & Trace

THC_CTMS June09 30

What E-Governance Can Deliver (1)

• ICT – based MIS eg: Story of Weaker Section Housing• Delivery of government services – One stop – Many Services• Speed Up Process

– Corruption decreases– Dissatisfaction decreases – Time & fuel economy– Reduced Transaction costs

THC_CTMS June09 31


• Responsiveness & Accountability – Dial the Chief Minister, Commissioner

(Police, Municipal Corpn), Collector…

• Economy & Effectiveness – E-Procurement – e- Cops– Better planning ( MPHS; GIS; Data Bank;

Oversight, Speedy Correction )– Video in jails –prisoners not physically

brought to courts – escapes prevented

THC_CTMS June09 32


– Interviews from video- enabled Internet Kiosks # e-ways of SIFY (saving time & money)

– In courts – original documents scanned, stored on floppy/ CD; document theft avoided

– Land records, titles, encumbrances easily accessed by farmers (BHOOMI in Karnataka)

– E-Chaupal (ITC procurement & farmer education; market information); multi-services

– Rural Service Delivery Points ( for e-Seva of Andhra Pradesh )

THC_CTMS June09 33


– Job search by Internet Browsing– Students write Project Reports – Computer Education in High Schools– All teachers to become computer

literature– STD/ISD PTs upgrade to Internet

Kiosks – e-mail in Indian Languages

– Public libraries computerised more titles, subscription to foreign “electronic” form journals

THC_CTMS June09 34

Major EG Projects in Andhra Pradesh:

• MPHS .. Building the citizen’s & land data base• CARD .. Registration of legal & sale deeds• FHIMS ..IT in Primary Health Sector• FAST.. Transport services through IT • Compact.. Streamlining commercial taxes• e-COPS .. IT in Police• SmartGov.. Knowledge-led governance (Secretariat)• e-Procurement.. • eSeva .. Redefining citizen services• APOnline .. Convergence of info, forms & services• Kiosks .. Network of internet kiosks in villages • OLTP .. Online Transaction Processing • Treasury.. Receipts& Payments

(there are over 50 other e-governance projects)

THC_CTMS June09 35

Some Spectacular Outcomes (3)

E-Procurement• Award time reduced from 150 to 20

days• On 52 e-tenders (Rs. 3.5 bln), 23%

saving• 1500 e-tenders in progress (Rs. 16.4

bln) in 2003-04• Procurement would cross Rs. 15,000 cr

in 2004-05• 0.24% of tender value as commission

(reduced to 0.05% in 2005)

THC_CTMS June09 36

E-Seva in Andhra Pradesh • Multiple services offered at each counter• Utility / Tax Payments

– Electricity, Water, Property Tax, Telephone bills– Filing Sales Tax and Income Tax Returns

• Certificates– Birth / death certificates– Encumbrance certificates for property

• Passport and Licenses– Filing applications for passports– Municipal trade licenses, Learner’s License, Vehicle registration …

• Bus tickets … train tickets, airline tickets, travel bookings • Rail Reservations• E-Payments on internet ( www.esevaonline.com)


THC_CTMS June09 37


E-Seva in Andhra Pradesh • One-stop-Shop for G2C services• 31 service centres, 6 bank branches, 81 ATMs (in Hyderabad)• Volume of Transactions increasing• 0.8 mil in April 2001• 8.5 mil since Aug 03; 12 mln, Dec ‘04 • 46 services across any of 290 counters• Extending to all urban areas by Dec 03• 232 more eSeva Centres in 116 cities & towns & • 2500 villages by March 2004• 5000 villages by Dec 2004

THC_CTMS June09 38


CARD• In-house execution of the Project• More than 240 registration offices• Old documents scanned and indexed• 20 year title search in less than 15

mnts.• Certified copies of registration deeds• Encumbrance certificates• Valuation slips for properties• Registration deeds like sale, mortgage,

lease& gift

THC_CTMS June09 39

APNET• Use of satellite technology for distance education• Training of Govt employees & SHGs• Pilot Project operational for 2 years• Expansion at advanced stage• Earth Station operational since 4/02• Studio complex to be operational since late 2003• Content development – current focus area• 2000 remotes operational

THC_CTMS June09 40

E-Communication with People

• Video-conferencing• Face to face with Chief Minister• Transportable VSATs and

Discussion with Village Assemblies

THC_CTMS June09 41

Indian Software Industry Exports ( $ mln )

1,124 1,755 2,700 3,9005,700

8,00010,000

12,00016,000

38 bln

21,000

1995-96

1996-97

1997-98

1998-99

1999-2000

2000-01

2001-02

2002-03

2003-04

2004-05

2008

THC_CTMS June09 42

Employment in Indian IT sector*,’000

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

2000 '01 '02 '03+ '04+ '06+

Call-centers (ITES) Software Multinational operations

(* Years ending March; + Estimate@ break-up: NA)

20 mln 2.5 mln

2008

THC_CTMS June09 43

India's IT & S/W

• Exports 75%

• Domestic consumption 25%

• Out markets : USA i/c Canada - 65%

• E.U - 20%

• ROW ( Gulf,Brazil, SA, Australia, Japan) - 15%

THC_CTMS June09 44

A.P’s Software and ITES Exports

• In 2004-2005 Exports surged by 64.5%

Year 2005 2004 1996

Volume (in Rs. Cr. ) 8,270 5,025 65of ExportsVisakhapatnam Units 37; Exports Rs. 70crVijayawada Units 13; Exports Rs. 24

Cr

THC_CTMS June09 45

New Software Companies in A.P: Start-ups

Year 2005 2004

152* 119

• 63 of the 152 have foreign equity• Equity in the 152 IT Cos. Is Rs. 744cr.• New employees- 50,000• Capital/ employed: Rs. 150,000 only !• IT & ITES employees in A P 127,000• Export earning / Employee: Rs. 750,000• Earning/ Capital Ratio 5.0

THC_CTMS June09 46

Knowledge Intensity (A P)

ServiceS/w & Tech

ITES&Appln. S/w

Share of Exports

43% BPO 36% 18%

Proficiency

B.Tech & Above

B.Sc, B.Com, B.A

MCA

•Target Towns: Tirupati, Warangal, Kakinada,

Machilipatnam

THC_CTMS June09 47

India’s Potential for ICT Jobs

GROSS WORLD PRODUCT IN THE YEAR 2010 US $ 40 TCONTRIBUTION FROM SERVICES (60%) OF GWP US $ 24 TINDIA'S SHARE @ 10% US $ 2.4 TEMOLUMENTS COMPONENT (15% TO 50%) US $ 360 TO US $ 1200 bEMOLUMENTS/EMPLOYEE/YEAR US $ 5000NO OF JOBS (360/1200) b = 72 to 240 million 5 K

THC_CTMS June09 48

THANK YOU:

DHANYAWAD

living & working in cyber space and time living & working in cyber space and time by dr t.h....

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